KR20030025985A - The preparation method of the solid fuel using the waste - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: Provided is a method for preparing solid fuel using solid waste for solving a problem of lack of solid fuel, preventing soil and water contamination/pollution and reducing the solid waste. CONSTITUTION: The method comprises the steps of primarily crushing solid waste into fractions having a grain size of 4 to 7 cm and drying the solid waste fractions to have moisture content below 20 %; sorting non-combustible material from the solid waste fractions; secondarily crushing the solid waste fractions to have a grain size of 2 to 3 mm; feeding slaked lime to the secondarily crushed solid waste fractions to neutralizing the solid waste fractions; molding the neutralized solid waste fractions using a mold and extrusion cutting the molded neutralized solid waste fractions to have an adequate size, followed by drying/packing.

Description

The preparation method of the solid fuel using the waste}

The present invention relates to a method for producing solid fuel using waste, and more particularly, by manufacturing solid fuel using flammable waste, it is possible to solve the growing shortage of solid fuel and solve waste disposal problems. Of course, the present invention relates to a method for producing solid fuel using wastes capable of simultaneously eliminating soil and water pollution.

With the development of industrial society and the improvement of family culture, the generation of various wastes (hereinafter referred to as "waste") is increasing day by day, and various measures to deal with the increasing waste are being studied. As there is no alternative, disposal by ocean dumping, landfilling, or incineration treatment results in oxygen deficiency in the ground due to marine pollution and landfilling, resulting in desolation of the land, fuel waste, air pollution, and water pollution due to incineration. People are not aware of the cause of skin diseases and respiratory pain is occurring.

In addition, in recent years, environmental issues are not the issue of any one country, but global environmental issues are seriously raised, and the World Trade Organization's measures to prohibit the export of high-pollution industries and the weakening of the weapons of oil producers have the right to speak. As it is being strengthened and the amount of resources used for industrial fuel is limited, it is in danger of being depleted after several decades. Therefore, it is urgent to develop alternative fuel.

Therefore, in the related art, as a way to solve the urgent alternative fuel problem, a fuel manufacturing method for mixing and fermenting animal wastes and various wastes and waste oils at a predetermined compounding ratio and under certain conditions, and then mixing them with waste paper is patented. It is presented in application 1997-3375.

Looking at the fuel manufacturing method of the patent application No. 1997-3375, the excrement and waste of the prepared animal body is put in a container at a ratio of about 1: 2, fermented for about 15 days or more, mixed with the prepared waste paper, and then a predetermined amount of waste oil Into the mixing, and packaging to a certain standard, look at the specific method thereof as follows.

First, the excreted animal body and the waste from which metals generated in general households and industries are removed 1: 2 are mixed and fermented naturally for 15 days or more, and then, the waste paper is mixed and mixed for the second fermentation.

At this time, the mixing ratio of animal waste and waste and waste paper is about 2: 4: 4. Then, the waste oil is added to the fermented fermented secondary, and the mixture is sufficiently mixed so that the waste oil is used in the fermented product.

However, the above fuel manufacturing method is simple in the manufacturing process, but there is a problem in that poisonous gas harmful to the human body is generated during combustion due to the use of waste oil, thereby increasing the air pollution. In order to use the fuel, a separate waste gas treatment apparatus is used. There was a problem that the economical fall according to the installation.

The conventional solid fuel production method in another state processes various wastes generated from households, food manufacturers, steel mills, junkyards, paper companies, sewage treatment plants, livestock waste, textile companies, spinning plants, etc., and solidifies them to be recycled as fuel. A technique that can be done is shown in patent application No. 1996-018136.

Looking at the fuel manufacturing method of the patent application No. 1996-018136, the mineral oil, such as waste engine oil, waste machine oil, industrial waste water generated in the industrial site is put into about 2 tons in a heating vessel with a volume of 5 ㎥ around 120 ℃ After indirect heating up to about 2.5 tons of waste containing about 85% of water in a heating vessel and stirred and heated, and then gradually dehydrated for about 20 minutes in a low vacuum state gradually 500 ~ 750 inside the heating vessel If the temperature of the oil is maintained at 90 ° C. to 100 ° C. in a vacuum of mm / Hg, the waste water is dehydrated at about 5% to obtain solid fuel.

Since the fuel manufacturing method manufactured by the above method uses waste oil as in the aforementioned Patent Application No. 1997-3375, there is a problem in that poisonous gases are harmful to the human body as fuel is burned, thereby increasing air pollution, and manufacturing difficulties. There is a problem that the manufacturing process is complicated and the economics are lost.

The present invention has been invented to solve the above problems in consideration of the above problems, the object is to collect and combust the combustible waste, and to dry, select the non-flammable material from among them, and then to crush the size to form again Therefore, by adding slaked lime as a neutralizer and caking agent, it is molded into a desired shape by using a molding machine, and finally dried to produce a solid fuel having a high calorific value, as well as recycling waste to dispose of the waste, which is currently a problem. It is to provide a solid fuel manufacturing method using waste to solve the problem and to minimize the generation of air pollutants generated during combustion.

Referring to the technical features of the solid fuel production method using the waste of the present invention for achieving the above object.

Solid fuel production method using the waste of the present invention comprises the steps of first grinding the collected waste to a particle size of 4 ~ 7cm, and drying the dl to 20% or less moisture content; Screening the non-combustible material from the first dried waste and crushing it to a particle size of 2 to 3 mm; Injecting slaked lime into the second crushed waste and mixing the same to neutralize the waste; Injecting the neutralized waste into a molding machine and shaping the waste to a desired size; The cut molded article is subjected to a final drying process and packaging.

The waste is any one or two or more of flammable food waste, waste paper, synthetic resin, combustible general waste, and waste wood, and the shape of the molded product formed in the molding machine is in the form of a pipe, and the waste and the molded article are dried. Is made in a drying furnace and its drying temperature is 90-120 ° C.

Referring to each step of the solid fuel manufacturing method using the waste of the present invention having such characteristics as follows.

(Step 1)

The first step of the present invention is a step of collecting waste and pulverizing the collected waste and then drying, firstly waste (food waste, waste synthetic resin, waste paper, waste wood, general waste, waste rubber, waste fiber, waste leather, After collecting non-combustibles by collecting agricultural wastes and other combustible wastes, the selected non-combustibles are treated separately, and combustibles are put into a grinder and crushed first to a size of 4-7 cm. It is added to a drying furnace and dried to a water content of 20% or less at a temperature of 90 to 120 ° C.

The reason for pulverizing the combustible material into the size of 4-7 cm by using a crusher is that when it is less than it, the particles are aggregated between the particles, and the drying speed is slowed, and the desired moisture content cannot be maintained below 20%. The problem can be solved in the bundle, but this also has a problem that the drying speed is slow and the desired moisture content can not be maintained below 20%.

Therefore, the particle size to be crushed in the mill in the first step is preferably maintained 4 ~ 7cm.

In addition, the combustible waste pulverized to 4-7cm size is put into a drying furnace and dried at 90-120 ° C. The drying method blows hot air into the drying furnace to dry it while maintaining the ambient temperature inside the drying furnace at 90-120 ° C. .

However, if the drying temperature is less than 90 ℃ can not be dried to less than 20% of the moisture content within a predetermined time, if there is more than 120 ℃ there is a risk of burning the flammable waste.

Therefore, it is preferable to maintain a drying temperature of 90-120 degreeC.

In addition, the combustible waste to be dried in the drying furnace is preferably dried while stirring, there is a problem that the operation of each step described below is not smoothly performed if the moisture content is 20% or more.

(Step 2)

In the second step of the present invention, the non-combustible material contained in the combustible wastes of which the process of the first step is completed is sorted out, and the combustible wastes from which the non-combustible material is selected are put back into the grinder and pulverized to a particle size of 2 to 3 mm. The reason for selecting the non-combustible material is that when the non-combustible material is not selected, a problem occurs that the molding is not smoothly performed during the molding operation described below, and the calorific value of the solid fuel is completed. Falling problem occurs.

In addition, the reason why the non-combustible material is combustible waste sorted into a crusher and crushed to a size of 2 to 3 mm is not formed if it is more than that, and if it is less than that, the moldability is good, but the neutralizing agent described below is added. After that, there is a problem in that smooth mixing is not performed when mixing.

(Step 3)

The third step of the present invention is a step of adding the combustible material of the second step of the process to the mixer, and adding and mixing the slaked lime which acts as a neutralizer and a caking agent, and the reason for adding the slaked lime is acidic combustible To convert the waste to neutral.

If the produced solid fuel is acidic, the harmful substances to the body during the combustion is released by gasification, which causes air pollution, as well as damage to health.

In addition, since the slaked lime has a caking property, it is possible to maintain the shape of the solid desired in the present invention, and the slaked lime maintains a predetermined strength because it simultaneously acts as a curing agent.

(Step 4)

The fourth step of the present invention is a step of inserting the combustible material of the third step is completed in a molding machine to a predetermined desired shape, and cutting it to a desired size, the molding machine used in the present invention is a combustible material By extruding, the shape of the extruded hole is extruded in the form of a pipe, and continuously extruded in the form of a pipe of the combustible material.

The molded article extruded in the form of a pipe is cut to a size desired by the consumer.

(Step 5)

The fifth step of the present invention is a step of putting the molded article of the fourth step is completed in a drying furnace to dry at 90 ~ 120 ℃, and packing it, the drying method is to blow the hot air into the drying furnace to dry the atmosphere inside the drying furnace The temperature is kept at 90 to 120 ° C. and dried.

However, if the drying temperature is less than 90 ℃ can not be dried to less than 10% of the moisture content within a predetermined time, if the temperature is more than 120 ℃ may burn the flammable waste.

Therefore, it is preferable to maintain a drying temperature of 90-120 degreeC.

On the other hand, if the moisture content is more than 10% there is a problem that does not ignite smoothly when ignited.

Therefore, the manufactured solid fuel should have a water content of 10% or less. In addition, the solid fuel form of the present invention in the fourth step in the form of a pipe is to increase the amount of heat generated.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

Example 1

In Example 1 of the present invention, the combustible waste (wood, waste paper synthetic resin, rubber) is collected, firstly crushed to 7 cm or less in size, dried to a moisture content of about 20%, and then selected from non-combustible metals, etc. After crushing, the mixture was crushed to about 3 mm in size, mixed with hydrated lime and mixed in the mixer, and then fed into a molding machine, extruded into a pipe shape, cut into 10 cm in length, and finally dried to have a water content of 3% or less.

The pipe-type fuel thus produced was introduced into the combustion furnace, and the calorific value was measured. As a result, the calorific value was 6000 kcal.

In addition, in the solid fuel produced by the above method, the main culprit of air pollution, dioxin harmful to the human body was hardly generated, and other heavy metals were less than 0.01 ng / Nm ² .

Example 2

In Example 2 of the present invention, the combustible waste (synthetic resin, fiber, leather, agricultural waste) is collected, firstly crushed to a size of 5 cm or less, dried to 15% moisture content, and then made of non-combustible metals, etc. After sorting and crushing again to about 2mm in size and mixed with calcined lime in a mixer, and then put into a molding machine, extruded in the form of a pipe, cut into a size of 5cm in length, and finally dried to 3% moisture content.

The pipe-type fuel thus produced was introduced into the combustion furnace, and the calorific value was measured. As a result, the calorific value was 5500 kcal.

In addition, in the solid fuel produced by the above method, the main culprit of air pollution, and the generation of dioxins and heavy metals harmful to the human body were almost similar to those of Example 1.

Example 3

Example 3 of the present invention collects combustible waste (food waste, general waste, fiber, leather,), and firstly crushed it to a size of 10 cm or less, and dried to 20% moisture content, among which is a non-combustible material The metal is sorted out, crushed into 3mm size, put into the mixer with slaked lime, mixed into the mixer, and then put into a molding machine, extruded into a pipe shape, cut into 5cm lengths, and less than 5% of water content. Final drying.

As a result of injecting the pipe-type fuel thus prepared into the combustion furnace and measuring the calorific value, the calorific value was 4500 kcal which was slightly smaller than those of the first and second embodiments.

In addition, in the solid fuel produced by the above method, the main culprit of air pollution, the generation of dioxins and heavy metals harmful to humans occurred 0.017ng / Nm ² .

Since the solid fuel of the present invention manufactured by the above method can be molded by standardization, it is easy to store and transport, easy to package, and has a high calorific value, which can be used as fuel for various power plants and boilers.

The present invention as described above has a high economic value by recycling waste, there is no need to secure the site to bury the waste, there is an effect of environmental preservation, as well as can solve the serious shortage of solid fuel, and waste disposal Since the problem can be solved, there is a peculiar effect that can simultaneously solve soil pollution and water pollution.

Claims (4)

Firstly crushing the collected waste to a particle size of 4 to 7 cm and drying it to a water content of 20% or less; Screening the non-combustible material from the first dried waste and crushing it to a particle size of 2 to 3 mm; Injecting slaked lime into the second crushed waste and mixing the same to neutralize the waste; Injecting the neutralized waste into a molding machine and shaping the waste to a desired size; Final dry treatment of the cut molded article, and packaging the solid fuel production method comprising the step of packaging the same. The method of claim 1, wherein the waste is one or two or more of flammable food waste, waste paper, synthetic resin, combustible general waste, and waste wood. The method of manufacturing a solid fuel using waste according to claim 1, wherein the molded article formed in the molding machine is in the form of a pipe. The method of claim 1, wherein the drying of the waste and the molded article is made in a drying furnace and the drying temperature is 90 ~ 120 ℃.