KR102322524B1 - Agriculturing system and agricultural working machine - Google Patents

Abstract

It provides an agricultural system that records the contents of agricultural work carried out for each agricultural zone including costs, and can make the next agricultural work plan based on the performance.
The farming system includes an agricultural zone management unit 41 that manages the agricultural land for each agricultural zone, and an agricultural operation management part 42 that manages an agricultural operation event indicating agricultural work performed temporally on the farmland for each agricultural zone along with the cost thereof; , a data recording unit 5 for recording the contents and cost of the carried out agricultural work event as agricultural work results, and performance output data for outputting the history of the agricultural work event including the contents and cost of the agricultural work event as an agricultural work performance table A performance output data generation unit 43 that generates , and a plan output data generation unit that generates plan output data for outputting an agricultural work plan indicating an agricultural work event to be temporally implemented based on the agricultural work performance (44) is provided.

Description

Agricultural system and agricultural work machine

The present invention relates to an agricultural system that manages agricultural work performed on farmland divided into a plurality of agricultural zones, and supports the planning of the next agricultural operation, and an agricultural machine linked to the agricultural system.

Patent Document 1 discloses a production history management processing system that efficiently performs display of a work plan and input of work results in a production process of a crop (rice farming) with good operability and efficiency. This production history management process makes a work plan clear before work according to the contents of GAP (Good Agricultural Practice), and after work, based on this work plan, the production history is recorded in a simple and efficient manner with good operability, so that continuous production It aims to enable history management and its confirmation. In addition, GAP is called agricultural production process management, and the accurate implementation, recording, inspection and evaluation of each process of agricultural production activities is carried out in accordance with the inspection items determined based on the relevant laws and regulations necessary for carrying out agricultural production activities. used to do

In the system according to this patent document 1, the purpose is to manage agricultural work based on a prescribed standard, and first, a work plan serving as a norm is established, and it is checked whether the work performance input after the agricultural work is consistent with the work plan. When it is judged and it is judged that the work performance and the work plan do not match, the process of setting up a work plan again is started. For this reason, this conventional system is insufficient for the purpose of supporting agricultural management from the viewpoint of managing the agricultural work performed for each divided agricultural division and planning an efficient agricultural work in consideration of cost.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2009-64231 (Fig. 2, Fig. 5)

In view of the above situation, there is a demand for an agricultural system capable of recording the contents of agricultural work carried out for each agricultural zone, including costs, and setting up the next agricultural work plan based on the results.

An agricultural system according to the present invention includes an agricultural zone management unit that manages agricultural land divided into a plurality of agricultural zones for each agricultural zone, and an agricultural operation event indicating agricultural work to be temporally performed on the agricultural land, of the agricultural operation event. An agricultural work management unit that manages each agricultural section along with costs, a data recording section that records contents and costs of the agricultural work event carried out in a designated agricultural section as agricultural work results, and the agricultural work event read from the data recording section a performance output data generating unit for generating performance output data for outputting a history of the agricultural work event including the contents and cost of the agricultural work performance table as an agricultural work performance table; and a plan output data generation unit for generating plan output data for outputting an agricultural work plan displaying .

In addition, the agricultural work event mentioned here is an item of the agricultural work actually implemented with respect to an agricultural zone. For example, speaking of rice farming, it is agricultural work such as sowing, seedling, planting, water management, weeding, fertilization, and harvesting. In addition, in the fertilization operation, it can be further divided into soil making fertilizer, ground fertilization, fertilization, ear fertilization, etc., and implementation of each of these operations belongs to an agricultural operation event.

According to this configuration, the contents and cost of an agricultural work event carried out for each agricultural zone as a management unit managed by the agricultural zone management unit are recorded as the performance of the agricultural operation event, and based on the agricultural operation performance, the lapse of time and An agricultural work plan for an agricultural work event that must be carried out one after another is output. That is, since it is possible to establish a performance-based agricultural work plan in consideration of performance including costs, economically waste-free farming is possible.

Because the ultimate goal of agricultural work is the harvest of crops, it is important to include an assessment of the harvest in the performance of agricultural work. From this, in one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, a harvest evaluation management unit for allocating harvest evaluation information of a crop harvested from the agricultural section to the agricultural section is provided, and the harvest evaluation information is further provided in the agricultural work performance table becomes In that case, representative items of evaluation of the crop are the yield and the quality of the harvested crop, but when the crop is eaten by humans, the quality of the crop is preferably expressed in terms of taste. Accordingly, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the harvest evaluation information includes yield data and flavor data of the harvested crop. When the crop is rice, protein, moisture, etc. are measured from the rice as data indicating taste.

The evaluation of crops, especially the quality of food, changes over time from the time of harvest. Therefore, it is important to make such an assessment as soon as possible after harvest. For this reason, in one suitable embodiment of this invention, the said harvest evaluation information is generated by the agricultural machine used for the harvest of the said agricultural product, and is input from the said agricultural machine through a communication line. Thereby, evaluation of a crop can be performed at the time of harvest.

Fertilizer has the greatest influence on the quality of crop growth, yield, and taste, and the cost required for fertilization, including the cost of fertilizer, occupies a large portion of the cost of agricultural work. For this reason, in one suitable embodiment of this invention, one of the said agricultural work events is a fertilization operation containing a fertilization event, The cost of the said agricultural work event contains the fertilizer cost of a fertilization event. Thereby, it becomes possible to farm which accurately grasps the cost occupied by agricultural work from planting to harvest.

When creating an agricultural work plan based on the performance base for each agricultural zone, it is necessary to alleviate the performance showing a large difference in comparison with other agricultural zones that suddenly occurred in a specific agricultural zone. For this reason, in one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, a reference calculation unit for calculating the reference of the agricultural work event from the agricultural work results in a plurality of agricultural divisions is provided, and the plan output data generation unit is provided based on the reference and generate the plan output data.

Even if an agricultural work plan for each agricultural zone based on the performance base is established by the agricultural system according to the present invention, it is meaningless unless the agricultural work based on such a plan is accurately performed. For this reason, in order to make the farming system according to the present invention more effective, the agricultural machine used therein receives the plan output data output from the farming system according to the present invention, and based on the plan output data, the operation mode It is preferable to be configured to set

1 is a functional block diagram for explaining the basic function of the farming system according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the data structure used in the data recording unit of the farming system.
3 is a monitor screen diagram showing a field selection screen as a main screen of a fertilization plan by the farming system.
It is a monitor screen diagram which shows the fertilization design screen as one of the output form examples in an agricultural system.
It is a monitor screen diagram which shows the batch fertilization design screen as one of the output form examples in an agricultural system.
Fig. 6 is a monitor screen diagram showing a list display screen as one example of an output form in the farming system.
It is a monitor screen diagram which shows the detailed fertilization design screen as one of the output form examples in an agricultural system.
Fig. 8 is a monitor screen diagram showing a yield/food display screen as one example of an output form in the farming system.
Fig. 9 is a monitor screen diagram showing a yield/food batch display screen as one example of an output form in the farming system.

The farming system according to the present invention is substantially constructed as a computer system, and various functional units are constructed in hardware or software or both. An example of such a computer system is shown in FIG. 1 in the form of a functional block diagram. The agricultural system in this embodiment includes the agricultural division management unit 41, the agricultural work management unit 42, the data recording unit 5, the performance output data generation unit 43, the plan output data generation unit 44, the reference calculation unit ( 45), a harvest evaluation management unit 46 is provided. Also, this farming system, like a general computer system, includes a data input unit 40 for inputting processed data in a format suitable for a computer and a data visualization unit 60 for outputting the data in a form that can be understood by humans. are being prepared In this data input unit 40, manual data input using an input device such as a keyboard, data communication input using a communication line, data transfer input using a recording medium such as a USB memory, etc. are possible. The data visualization unit 60 includes a printer 61 and a monitor 62 .

The agricultural division management unit 41 divides the agricultural land in a specific area into a plurality of agricultural divisions, and manages them for each agricultural division. Since rice farming or barley farming is handled in this embodiment, it is set as the field|area surrounded by the head of this agricultural division hereafter. Of course, a compartment further dividing such a pavement may be the minimum management unit in this system. Various information regarding the packaging to be managed is input in advance from the data input unit 40 and recorded in the data recording unit 5 as section information (package information). The agricultural division management unit 41 updates the division information (field information) recorded in the data recording unit 5 .

The agricultural work management part 42 manages the agricultural work event which shows the various agricultural work performed temporally on a farmland, together with the cost of the said agricultural work event in units of a field (agricultural division). In that case, the agricultural work management part 42 records the content and cost of the implemented agricultural work event in the data recording part 5 as agricultural work performance data. In this embodiment, especially the fertilization work is considered important among agricultural work. Fertilization work includes soil making fertilizer, fertilization, fertilization, and ear fertilization, and each is managed as an independent agricultural event. Moreover, regarding the cost of an agricultural work event, in the case of fertilization work, for example, the structure which calculates automatically from the fertilizer type and fertilization amount is employ|adopted using the tableized fertilizer rate table. Moreover, it is also possible to insert the fertilization operation cost calculated from fertilization time, labor cost, and fertilization cost in the cost.

The performance output data generation unit 43 outputs, based on the agricultural operation performance data read from the data recording unit 5, a history of the agricultural operation event including the content and cost of the specific agricultural operation event as an agricultural operation performance table. Generate output data. The plan output data generation part 44 is based on the agricultural work performance data recorded in the data recording part 5, and is plan output data for outputting the agricultural work plan which displayed the agricultural work event which should be implemented temporally. create

The reference calculation unit 45 serves as a reference when the plan output data generation unit 44 generates the plan output data for the agricultural work plan based on the agricultural work performance data recorded in the data recording unit 5. Calculate the standards. Usually, the statistical calculation value of the value which expressed the work in the same agricultural work event in the past numerically is calculated as a reference|standard. Although an average value, a median value, etc. are used as a statistical calculation value, it is possible anyway to add an adjustment value according to the weather or past harvest conditions. In addition, since a plurality of registered packaging data is recorded in the data recording unit 5, not only the past data of the same packaging but also historical data of other similar packaging can be used for the calculation of the reference. In addition, the reference|standard calculation part 45 may employ|adopt the structure which does not calculate a reference|standard from past agricultural work performance data, but introduce|transduces the reference|standard calculated by other organizations into a table, and uses it.

Since the value of each item in the final agricultural work plan is determined by a person, this farming system functions as a support system for the planning of agricultural work. When the agricultural work plan is a fertilization plan, it is the past fertilization work plan that serves as a reference for the final decision by a person, but in addition, information on harvest evaluation such as yield and taste is also important. In this embodiment, a harvest evaluation management unit 46 that allocates harvest evaluation information of a crop harvested from a field (agricultural zone) to the field and writes it in the data recording unit 5 so that it can be extracted is provided. The harvest evaluation management unit 46 uses the harvest evaluation information input from the data input unit 40, but in the combine, which is the agricultural machine 1 participating in this farming system, the yield for measuring the yield of the harvested grains. It is equipped with a food measuring instrument and a food measuring instrument that measures the taste (protein or moisture, or the taste value calculated from them). Accordingly, the harvest evaluation management unit 46 receives the harvest evaluation information including the evaluation value of the harvest at the time of harvest from the agricultural machine 1 through a communication line or a recording medium through the data input unit 40, and receives the data recording unit 5 ) can be recorded. Thereby, it is possible to include in the performance output data for the agricultural work performance table generated by the performance output data generation part 43, values, such as the yield which comprise harvest evaluation information, and taste.

The plan output data generated by the plan output data generation unit 44 is visualized by the data visualization unit 60 . For example, the agricultural worker performs the corresponding agricultural work while looking at the agricultural work plan visualized and output through the data visualization unit 60 . When the agricultural work machine 1 is used for the agricultural work, it is also possible to set the operation mode of the agricultural work machine 1 in order to match the agricultural work specification described in the agricultural work plan. For example, the agricultural work machine 1 receives the plan output data directly from the communication unit 30 via the communication line, and based on the received plan output data, the work mode of the agricultural work machine 1 for the corresponding work is selected. set Of course, it is also possible to provide the plan output data including data for setting the operation mode of the agricultural machine 1 to the agricultural machine 1 through a recording medium or the like. Thereby, this work mode setting can be automated instead of manual work mode setting which is easy to make a mistake and requires a lot of manual labor.

As shown in FIG. 2, the data recording unit 5 of the above-described farming system includes a field database 51, a fertilization performance database 52, a fertilization plan database 53, and a harvest evaluation database 54. has been 2 schematically shows a part of those data structures. For example, the data items of the pavement database 51 include pavement ID, pavement name, area, Saturn, owner, place, crop variety, etc., and the secular change such as Saturn or crop variety is also recorded in the past data. It is a data structure that can be The data items of the fertilization performance database 52 include performance ID, field ID, fertilization date and time, fertilization type (fertilizer type), fertilization amount, fertilizer cost, etc., and a record is created for every fertilization operation|work as an operation|work event. The data item of the fertilization plan database 53 is substantially the same as that of the fertilization performance database 52, and plan ID is included instead of performance ID or with performance ID. The data items of the harvest evaluation database 54 include harvest ID, field ID, harvest date, yield, taste, and the like.

The monitor screen diagram which functions also as the fertilization design main screen 7 of this farming system is shown in FIG. Since this fertilization design main screen 7 functions as a pavement selection screen, the pavement map display selection area 71 which shows the whole pavement, the detail view display area 72 which shows the detail view of the selected pavement, and the selected pavement It is divided into a packaging technology information display area 73 showing the technical information of the. In the pavement map display selection area 71, a map indicating the position of the pavement is displayed so as to be enlarged and reduced. In this map, a package number is assigned to a package registered in the farming system and the package information is stored in the data recording unit 5, and is colored so as to be distinguishable from other packages. When a desired package is selected and clicked, an enlarged detailed map of the selected pavement is displayed in the detail display area 72, along with the color of the selected pavement changing (eg from blue to red), the pavement of the selected pavement Information is displayed in the packaging technology information display area 73 . In the example of FIG. 3 , the pavement number or pavement ID, pavement name, area, and soil are displayed as pavement information. Although other contents may be displayed in a link format, they are omitted here. In this package selection screen, a plurality of packages can be selected, and in that case, the details of each package can be displayed using a tag or a separate window. Moreover, in the upper part of this fertilization design main screen, the button for shifting to another screen is arranged. The contents displayed on these screens are actually created by combining the output data from the performance output data generation unit 43 , the plan output data generation unit 44 , and the reference calculation unit 45 . At that time, a table calculation program or a program similar thereto is used.

The monitor screen shown in FIG. 4 is the fertilization design screen 8A named "fertilization plan 1". This fertilization design screen 8A is divided into the left plan area and the right performance area, the plan area contains the contents of the fertilization plan to be performed from now on, and the performance area contains the results of past fertilization work, have. In the example of FIG. 4, while the variety of fertilization target and the standard fertilization amount are displayed in the planning area, "soil making fertilizer", "ground fertilization", "fertilization 1", " Additional fertilization 2" and "Ear fertilizer" are displayed. Also, for reference, the nitrogen content of this field, and the taste and yield values of grains harvested in the previous year from this field are indicated. Each value of the fertilization plan here can be newly inputted or corrected input through this screen. In the performance area, the fertilization performance of the previous year, the harvest evaluation information in the rice farming of the previous year, the taste value and the yield value of the grain are shown together with the nitrogen content of the field. In addition, an arbitrary year can be selected for the past data displayed in the performance area|region.

The monitor screen shown in FIG. 5 is the collective fertilization design screen 8B of multiple fields named "fertilization plan 2". Here, the fertilization design for all of the plurality of pavements selected on the pavement selection screen is displayed. Although the display contents are substantially the same as those of the planning area of the fertilization design screen 8A shown in FIG. 4, the value is the sum of the values of each pavement. At the top of the screen, the pavement number (or pavement ID) of the selected pavement, ie all pavements targeted for this fertilization plan, is displayed.

The monitor screen shown in FIG. 6 is the list display screen 8C which listed the fertilization design of multiple pavement named "fertilization plan 3". Here, the list of fertilization plans set in each of the some field|field selected by the field|field selection screen is displayed. In the fertilization plan area of each pavement, as an indication item, "a pavement number", "a field name", "a variety", "soil making fertilizer", "basic manure", "extra fertilization 1", "extra fertilization 2", "earn fertilizer", Total cost is included. In addition, the total amount required for each type of fertilizer in the entire field and the total cost are also displayed.

The monitor screen shown in FIG. 7 is the detail display screen 8D which listed the past fertilization performance and this fertilization plan in the packaging unit named "detailed display". Here, the fertilization plan with respect to the selected pavement and past performance are listed. Through this detailed display screen 8D, it is possible to grasp the contents of the past fertilization of the fertilization plan in a specific field and the harvest information of the harvest harvested at that time, and it is possible to review the current fertilization plan by time-series judgment. The harvest information here includes information on variety, yield, taste (protein or moisture), soil analysis value, daytime, seedling yield, herbicide, insect repellent, and weather information.

The monitor screen shown in FIG. 8 is a yield and flavor display screen 9A, which is named "harvest evaluation 1", and displays the yield and taste for each field. The yield and flavor display screen 9A includes a variety selection field 91 , a yield and flavor graph area 92 , a field map area 93 , a field information area 94 , and a target setting field 95 . . The pavement map area 93 serves as a selection input area for selecting a package, and package information of a package located at a location where the cursor is placed is displayed in the package information area 94 . In this field information area, past crop evaluation information (here, yield and taste) is also included. The past yield and taste of this field are also displayed as dots in the yield and flavor graph area 92, with the yield as the horizontal axis and the flavor as the vertical axis. In addition, in this yield and taste graph area 92, the yield and taste in other fields are also displayed in the form of dots. Therefore, it is possible to grasp what difference the yield and taste of the harvested grains in the selected field have compared to the harvested grains of other fields from this yield and taste graph area 92 . In order to distinguish the selected packaging from the other packaging, the difference in the color of the dots may be used, or the difference in the shape of the dots may be used. In addition, it is also possible to mark so as to be able to distinguish between the already completed fertilization plan and the incomplete pavement. The variety selection field 91 is set to select the variety when different varieties of rice are grown in the same field. The target setting field 95 is an input field for setting the target yield and taste in this field. The target yield and target taste set here are considered in the next fertilization plan.

The monitor screen shown in FIG. 9 is a yield and flavor batch display screen 9B which displays the yield and taste of multiple packages, named "harvest evaluation 2". In this yield and taste batch display screen 9B, a variety selection field 91 similar to that of the yield and taste display screen 9A, yield and taste graph area 92, field map area 93, and fertilization performance An area 96 and a yield/food performance column 97 are included. Here, since a plurality of pavements are selected as processing objects, the selected pavements are displayed in color-coded manner in the pavement map area 93 . In the yield/taste graph area 92, dots indicating the yield and taste of all the selected packages are displayed in color-coded manner with those of other packages. In the fertilization performance area|region 96, the average value of the fertilization performance in all the selected fields is displayed. In the yield and seasoning performance column 97, the average value of the yield and seasoning of all selected fields, the yield including other fields, and the reference value obtained from the seasoning are displayed.

[Other embodiment]

(1) In order to more strictly calculate the cost of agricultural work, a work machine management unit that records the cost of the work machine 1 put into the agricultural work for each agricultural section may be introduced as a functional unit of the computer system shown in FIG. 1 . . This machine cost includes machine fuel cost, machine operation cost, and machine maintenance and inspection cost. It is preferable that a work information generating unit for generating work information including work time, fuel efficiency, etc. is installed in the agricultural machine 1 used for the work, and the cost of the work machine is calculated based on the work information. At that time, a work machine management unit for managing the computer system agricultural work machine 1 for constructing the agricultural system is built, and the work machine management unit records the work history of the agricultural work machine 1 put into each agricultural section based on the work information into the data recording unit 5 ) to be saved and managed.

(2) In the case of adopting a configuration for connecting the computer system for constructing the agricultural system according to the present invention and the agricultural machine 1 so that data can be exchanged, the agricultural machine 1 is based on the agricultural work plan output from the agricultural system. ) automatically sets the work mode, or it is also possible to set a function such as notifying the operator when the set work mode is different from the output agricultural work plan.

The agricultural system according to the present invention can be applied as a work plan support system for various agricultural work as well as fertilization work.

1: Agricultural equipment
30: communication department
40: data input unit
41: Agricultural Zone Management Department
42: agricultural work management department
43: performance output data generation unit
44: plan output data generation unit
45: reference calculation unit
46: Harvest Assessment Management Department
5: data log
51: Packaging Database
52: Fertilization performance database
53: Fertilization plan database
54: Harvest Assessment Database
60: data visualization unit
61: printer
62: monitor

Claims (3)

an agricultural division management unit that manages the agricultural land divided into a plurality of agricultural divisions for each agricultural division;
And a data input unit to which the yield data and food taste data of the crops for each agricultural section are input;
A harvest evaluation management unit for allocating yield data and food taste data obtained through the data input unit to the corresponding agricultural division and recording it in the data recording unit;
A plan output data generation unit for outputting a fertilization work plan based on the past fertilization work plan and the yield data and the food taste data,
and a monitor displaying the fertilization work plan;
The monitor may display a display screen displaying the yield and taste for each field, and field information indicating the selected agricultural area and a graph indicating the yield and taste of the crops in the selected agricultural area are displayed on the display screen, respectively. being a farming system. According to claim 1,
Based on the past fertilization work plan, the standard calculating part which calculates the amount of fertilization used as the standard of a fertilization work plan is provided;
The planning output data generation unit outputs the fertilization amount to which an adjustment value based on the yield data and the food taste data is added with respect to the fertilization amount serving as the reference, the farming system. 3. The method of claim 1 or 2,
Yield data and taste data measured by the yield meter and the taste meter provided in the combine are acquired through the data input unit, the farming system.

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