KR102309104B1 - A method of using loading devices and existing structures to verify the support of existing foundation piles when remodeling existing apartments - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a static pile load testing method for checking pre-constructed foundation pile support when remodeling an apartment building and using an existing structure (a foundation plate and a bearing wall) as a load reaction body. The present invention comprises a work space forming step, a steel pipe pile division step, an epoxy installation step, a hydraulic member installation step, a plate installation step, a load cell installation step, a measurement member installation step, a test proceeding step, a lower pile measurement step, and a lower pile gradient measurement step.

Description

When remodeling an apartment building, check the bearing capacity of the existing foundation pile and use the existing structure (base plate and load-bearing wall) as a load reaction force. {A method of using loading devices and existing structures to verify the support of existing foundation piles when remodeling existing apartments}

The present invention relates to a static load test method using an existing structure as a load reaction force to check the bearing capacity of a foundation pile built in the past when remodeling an apartment building. The pile foundation is to be constructed. At this time, in order to design the load sharing borne by the existing piles and the new piles, load loads are applied to the existing pile foundation so that the bearing capacity can be evaluated. And it relates to the static load test method using the existing structure (base plate and load-bearing wall) as the load reaction force.

In general, when there is a need to enlarge (extension) the size of an existing structure, such as an apartment remodeling, it was a common method to remove a part of the existing structure, expose the existing pile, and then load the existing pile. To explain in detail as a method that compensates for the cost and time consuming in the case of such a general method, the conventional test apparatus has widely used the method of artificially creating a reaction load and loading it.

That is, in general, when it is necessary to enlarge (extension) the size of an existing structure, such as apartment remodeling, when a subsidence occurs in an existing structure, and when repair and reinforcement of existing piles are required, the lower part of the existing structure If you want to extend the underground structure in the basement, the construction method of forming a through hole in the existing base plate and constructing additional piles is applied.

On the other hand, Registration No. 10-1494260 (published date: 20150217) disclosed in the Republic of Korea Patent Publication relates to a pre-load loading device for piles and a pre-load loading method using the same. Here, as it relates to a wire loading device using a footing, that is, there is a problem that a large supporting load of several tens of tons or more cannot be applied because it does not have a separate device that maintains the load loaded on the pile by applying a preceding load.

In addition, Registration No. 10-1631219 (published date: 20150217) disclosed in the Republic of Korea Patent Publication, relates to a pre-load loading device for piles and a pre-load loading method using the same. Here, unlike Registration No. 10-1494260, a separate device is installed in the footing to maintain the potential load loaded on the pile, including the preload load device, by the preceding load fixing support unit and the screw thread. It is composed of a load pressurization unit. However, these two units are in the form of permanent storage, and they are expensive and disadvantageous in terms of economics, and they are difficult to use in reality because construction also undergoes a complicated process.

Therefore, the object of the present invention was devised to solve the above problems, and when there is a need to enlarge (extension) the scale of an existing structure, it is necessary to stably build a foundation structure without removing some of the existing structure and installing a load reaction arm. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a load-bearing device for piles that can carry a load.

As a means for achieving the above object,

The present invention provides a work space forming step of forming a work space by removing a predetermined width of an area in which a steel pipe pile penetrated into the ground of a foundation flooring material exists; a pile dividing step of cutting a steel pipe pile at a certain height using the work space and dividing it into a lower pile and an upper pile; an epoxy installation step of installing a buffering epoxy on the upper part of the lower pile among the steel pipe piles; a hydraulic member installation step of installing a hydraulic member on the upper part of the epoxy; a plate installation step of installing a support plate on an upper portion of the hydraulic member; a load cell installation step of installing a load cell between the upper pile of the supporting plate and the steel pipe pile; a measuring member installation step of installing a measuring member for measuring the moving height of the lower pile on one side of the lower pile among the steel pipe piles; a test proceeding step of operating the hydraulic member to perform a load test; It is characterized in that it consists of a lower pile measuring step of measuring the degree of descent of the lower pile using the measuring member.

In addition, a photographing step of photographing the lower file and the background area; a region of interest extraction step of extracting and setting a lower file and a background region; In the image, pixel values with similar intensity are clustered by applying the PCM algorithm, and the sub-file region is accurately extracted from the region of interest by searching the cluster group containing the morphological features of the lines extracted from the clustered clusters. Doedoe further comprising a lower pile displacement measuring step having a pile area extraction step; The extraction of the region of interest includes: (a1) applying average binarization in order to take advantage of the fact that the background image except for the file has a relatively low contrast; (a2) analyzing a horizontal histogram for a black pixel in an upper part of the image in the image to which the average binarization is applied; (a3) setting a background first appearing on the histogram based on the maximum value in the histogram in order to take advantage of the feature that the contrast becomes brighter again in the lower part of the file; (a4) applying Otus's binarization technique using the characteristic that the histogram has a bimodal shape to find the optimal threshold value in the grayscale image to separate the background and the file area; (a5) searching for pixels from the edge of the image to the center in the image to which Otus's binarization is applied, and setting the first pixel as the outline of the file; (a6) setting, as a file, a location in which the closest pixel is found based on the center of the X-axis of the image in the image from which the outline of the file is extracted; (a7) extracting the outline of the image by applying Canny Edge Detection to the original image in order to extract the outline of the background area existing on both sides of the file; (a8) setting the brightest part of the original image as the background area among the outlines located on both sides based on the file area in the image from which the outline is extracted.

The present invention as described above is a load-bearing device that uses the existing structure base plate and bearing-bearing wall as a reaction force without artificially creating a reaction load, which is effective in reducing cost and time.

1 is a configuration diagram of a preload loading device according to the present invention.
Figure 2 is a flow chart of the load device of the invention of the beam.

Hereinafter, the principle of operation of the preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and description. However, the drawings shown below and the following description are for preferred implementation methods among various methods for effectively explaining the features of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited only to the following drawings and description.

In addition, in the following description of the present invention, if it is determined that a detailed description of a related known function or configuration may unnecessarily obscure the gist of the present invention, the detailed description thereof will be omitted. And the terms to be described later are terms defined in consideration of functions in the present invention, which may vary according to the intention or custom of the user or operator. Therefore, the definition should be made based on the content throughout the present invention.

In addition, preferred embodiments of the present invention implemented below are already provided in each system functional configuration in order to efficiently describe the technical components constituting the present invention, or system functions normally provided in the technical field to which the present invention pertains. The configuration is omitted as much as possible, and the functional configuration to be additionally provided for the present invention will be mainly described.

If a person of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains, will be able to easily understand the functions of the components already used in the prior art among the functional configurations omitted without being shown below, and the configuration omitted as described above Relationships between elements and components added for purposes of the present invention will also be clearly understood.

In addition, the following examples will be used with appropriate modifications to terms so that those of ordinary skill in the art can clearly understand the present invention in order to effectively describe the key technical features of the present invention. It is never limited.

As a result, the technical spirit of the present invention is determined by the claims, and the following embodiments are one means for efficiently explaining the technical spirit of the present invention to those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. it's just

Moreover, it is to be understood that all detailed description reciting the principles, aspects, and embodiments of the present invention, as well as specific embodiments, are intended to cover structural and functional equivalents of such matters. It is also to be understood that such equivalents include not only currently known equivalents, but also equivalents developed in the future, i.e., all devices invented to perform the same function, regardless of structure.

Thus, for example, the block diagrams herein are to be understood as representing conceptual views of illustrative circuitry embodying the principles of the present invention. Similarly, all flowcharts, state transition diagrams, pseudo code, etc. may be tangibly embodied on computer-readable media and be understood to represent various processes performed by a computer or processor, whether or not a computer or processor is explicitly shown. should be

The functions of the various elements shown in the figures including a processor or functional blocks represented by similar concepts may be provided by the use of dedicated hardware as well as hardware having the ability to execute software in association with appropriate software. When provided by a processor, the functionality may be provided by a single dedicated processor, a single shared processor, or a plurality of separate processors, some of which may be shared.

In addition, clear use of terms presented as processor, control, or similar concepts should not be construed as exclusively referring to hardware having the ability to execute software, and without limitation, digital signal processor (DSP) hardware, ROM for storing software. It should be understood to implicitly include (ROM), RAM (RAM) and non-volatile memory. Other common hardware may also be included.

In the claims of the present specification, a component expressed as a means for performing the function described in the detailed description includes, for example, a combination of circuit elements that perform the function or software in any form including firmware/microcode, etc. It is intended to include all methods of performing the functions of the device, coupled with suitable circuitry for executing the software to perform the functions. Since the present invention defined by these claims is combined with the functions provided by the various enumerated means and combined in a manner required by the claims, any means capable of providing the functions are equivalent to those contemplated from the present specification. should be understood as

The above-described objects, features and advantages will become more apparent through the following detailed description in relation to the accompanying drawings, and accordingly, those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains can easily implement the technical idea of the present invention. There will be. In addition, in describing the present invention, if it is determined that a detailed description of a known technology related to the present invention may unnecessarily obscure the gist of the present invention, the detailed description thereof will be omitted.

Before describing various embodiments of the present invention in detail, it is to be understood that the application is not limited to the details of the construction and arrangement of components described in the following detailed description or shown in the drawings. The invention is capable of being embodied and practiced in other embodiments and of being carried out in various ways. Also, device or element orientation (eg "front", "back", "up", "down", "top", "bottom") The expressions and predicates used herein with respect to terms such as ", "left", "right", "lateral", etc. are used merely to simplify the description of the invention, and the associated apparatus Or it will be appreciated that it does not simply indicate or imply that an element must have a particular orientation.

1 is a configuration diagram of a preceding load loading apparatus according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is a flow chart of the load device of the invention of the beam,

First, before installing the present invention, a foundation flooring material, a floor slab, and a load-bearing wall are sequentially formed, and a foundation pile (steel pipe pile) is penetrated under the foundation flooring material.

The present invention cuts a steel pipe pile located under the foundation flooring to a certain length, installs a load test device between the steel pipe pile and the foundation flooring, so that a load test can be performed, as described above, between the steel pipe pile and the foundation flooring If the load test device is installed on the pole, there is no need to separately install a structure to generate a reaction force.

That is, in the present invention, since the base flooring material, the floor slab, and the load-bearing wall replace the reaction force device, the work man-hour for installing the reaction force device is omitted. there will be

Specifically, looking at the load testing device installation concept of the present invention, first, the periphery of the point where the steel pipe pile is located is filled, and then, the steel pipe pile is cut to a certain length to secure a space between the steel pipe pile and the foundation flooring, A load test device is installed between the cut steel pipe pile and the foundation flooring to test the load capacity of the existing steel pipe pile.

Looking at the components of the present invention, the working space 100 is formed by removing a certain width around the steel pipe pile; The steel pipe pile is cut to a certain length using the work space, and the lower pile 110 is located in the lower part of the steel pipe pile; The steel pipe pile is cut to a certain length using the work space, and the upper pile 120 is located at the top of the steel pipe pile; a base flooring 210 positioned just above the upper pile; a floor slab 220 positioned on the base flooring material; a load-bearing wall 230 positioned above the floor slab; And the epoxy 130 for shock relief installed on the upper part of the lower pile; a hydraulic member 140 that is searched on the epoxy and provides load pressure to the steel pipe pile; a support plate 150 installed on an upper portion of the hydraulic member; a load cell 160 installed on the support plate to check hydraulic pressure; a load cell support panel 170 installed on the lower part of the upper pile among the upper part of the load cell and the cut steel pipe pile; It is installed on one side of the lower pile and consists of a measuring member 180 for measuring the moving height of the lower pile.

In the present invention, the hydraulic member 140 may use a hydraulic jack, a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic cylinder, and the like.

In particular, the measuring member 180 may use a sensor, a dial gauge, etc. to check the movement position of the lower pile 110 during the load test. And, as described above, the load cell 160 is installed between the upper pile and the hydraulic member 140 to measure the pressure applied to the lower pile.

And the present invention vertical extension remodeling building load test method, the steps of forming a work space by removing a certain width of the area in which the steel pipe pile penetrated into the ground of the foundation flooring exists;

dividing the steel pipe pile into a lower pile and an upper pile by cutting the steel pipe pile at a certain height using the work space;

installing an epoxy for buffering on the upper part of the lower pile among the steel pipe piles;

installing a hydraulic member on the epoxy;

installing a support plate on an upper portion of the hydraulic member;

installing a load cell between the supporting plate and the upper pile among the steel pipe piles;

installing a measuring member for measuring the movement height of the lower pile on one side of the lower pile among the steel pipe piles;

It consists of a step of operating the hydraulic member to proceed with the load test.

When the load test operation is performed through the above steps, the foundation flooring material, the floor slab, and the load-bearing wall are supported instead of the reaction force device. Since it replaces the device, the work man-hours for installing the reaction force device are omitted, thereby reducing the material cost of the reaction force device and saving the time required for installing the reaction force device.

On the other hand, the present invention further adds a lower pile inclination measurement step for understanding the distortion of the lower pile due to the operation of the hydraulic member, because the correct measurement cannot be made when the inclination is measured in a distorted state.

The present invention captures the file in order to grasp the warping deformation of the lower file, and grasps the vertical state in a state excluding the border area to determine the degree of inclination of the lower file.

First, it is characterized in that the background excluding the file in the image taken from the file has a low contrast. And, the file has a feature that the contrast is relatively bright.

Hereinafter, a method of detecting a file area will be described.

1. Region Of Interest Extraction

Average binarization is applied to take advantage of the feature that the background except the file has a relatively low contrast.

Analyze the horizontal histogram for black pixels in the image to which the average binarization is applied.

And, in order to use the feature that the lower part of the file becomes brighter again due to reflected light, the area that appears first on the histogram is searched based on the maximum value in the histogram, and it is set as the end part of the solar panel.

In order to separate the background of the file and the area of the file, Otus's binarization technique is applied. Otus’s binarization technique is a method that uses the characteristic that the histogram has a bimodal shape to find the optimal threshold in the image.

In the image to which Otus's binarization is applied, pixels are searched from the outer edge of the image to the center, and the first pixel encountered is set as the outline of the file.

To extract the outline of the background area at the bottom of the file, Canny Edge Detection is applied to the original image to extract the outline of the image.

2. Hough Transform Based File Region Extraction

Hough transform is a technique that is frequently applied in image processing as a technique for detecting image features. The Hough transform has a characteristic that it can detect figures that can be expressed by equations. In this study, Hough transform is applied to take advantage of the morphological feature that the file is vertically flat. In order to detect a straight line in the image, the Hough transform technique is applied after extracting the edge using the Canny Edge Detector. In order to detect a straight line, a straight line passing through the (x, y) coordinate point of each edge extracted is converted into a curve on the (θ, r) coordinate plane using Equation (1).

(Equation 1)

θ is the angle between the straight line passing through the (x, y) coordinate point of each edge and the vertical line, and r is the distance from the origin to the straight line. x is the x-intercept and y is the y-intercept.

Using Equation (1), a straight line passing through each edge is expressed as a curve on the (r, θ) coordinate plane.

In the (r, θ) coordinate plane, straight lines of various angles passing through one point of the extracted edges are expressed as a single sin curve. It means that when n sin curves drawn on the (r, θ) coordinate plane pass through a point, the straight line that appears when the point is converted to the (x, y) coordinate plane passes through n edges.

3. PCM quantization-based file region extraction

The file area is characterized by having a similar intensity. By analyzing these characteristics, the pixel values in the original image are clustered by applying the PCM algorithm to pixels with similar intensity. Then, the file area is extracted by searching the cluster group including the morphological features of a straight line in the clustered clusters. The PCM algorithm is a clustering technique that uses typicality to make it insensitive to setting the number of clusters. The PCM Clustering technique is as follows. The PCM algorithm uses typicality, not membership, to express the degree to which each point belongs to a cluster.

The cluster group including the morphological features of the file is searched for by applying the Hough transform among the clusters of the clustered image using the PCM algorithm, and a region belonging to the searched cluster is extracted.

After removing the background and noise by searching for objects belonging to the extracted cluster, the displacement of the structure is measured.

100: workspace
110: lower file
120: upper file
130: epoxy
140: hydraulic member
150: support plate
160: load cell
170: load cell support panel
180: measuring member
210: base flooring
220: floor slab
230: load-bearing wall

Claims (2)

A work space forming step of forming a work space by removing a predetermined width of an area in which a steel pipe pile penetrated into the ground of the foundation flooring material exists;
a steel pipe pile dividing step of cutting the steel pipe pile at a certain height using the work space to secure a space and dividing the steel pipe pile into a lower pile and an upper pile;
an epoxy installation step of installing a buffering epoxy on the upper part of the lower pile among the steel pipe piles;
a hydraulic member installation step of installing a hydraulic member on the upper part of the epoxy;
a plate installation step of installing a support plate on an upper portion of the hydraulic member;
a load cell installation step of installing a load cell between the upper pile of the supporting plate and the steel pipe pile;
a measuring member installation step of installing a measuring member for measuring the moving height of the lower pile on one side of the lower pile among the steel pipe piles;
a test proceeding step of operating the hydraulic member to perform a load test;
a lower pile measuring step of measuring the degree of descent of the lower pile using the measuring member;
It consists of a lower pile inclination measuring step of measuring the inclination of the lower pile;

The lower pile slope measuring step is,
a photographing step of photographing the lower file and the background area;
a region of interest extraction step of extracting and setting a lower file and a background region;
In the image, pixel values with similar intensity are clustered by applying the PCM algorithm, and the sub-file region is accurately extracted from the region of interest by searching the cluster group containing the morphological features of the lines extracted from the clustered clusters. and a lower pile displacement measuring step having a pile area extraction step;

The step of extracting the region of interest is
(a1) applying average binarization to take advantage of the feature that the background image except for the file has a relatively low contrast;
(a2) analyzing a horizontal histogram for a black pixel in an upper part of the image in the image to which the average binarization is applied;
(a3) setting a background first appearing on the histogram based on the maximum value in the histogram in order to take advantage of the feature that the contrast becomes brighter again in the lower part of the file;
(a4) applying Otus's binarization technique using the characteristic that the histogram has a bimodal shape in order to find an optimal threshold in the grayscale image to separate the background and the file area;
(a5) searching for pixels from the edge of the image to the center in the image to which Otus's binarization is applied, and setting the first pixel as the outline of the file;
(a6) setting, as a file, a location in which the closest pixel is found based on the center of the X-axis of the image in the image from which the outline of the file is extracted;
(a7) extracting the outline of the image by applying Canny Edge Detection to the original image in order to extract the outline of the background area existing on both sides of the file;
(a8) from the image from which the outline is extracted, setting the brightest part in the original image as the background area among the outlines located on both sides based on the file area as the background area A static load test method that checks the bearing capacity of the foundation pile and uses the existing structures (base plate and load-bearing wall) as the load reaction force. delete

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