KR102102052B1 - Automatic pressure protection safety shut-off apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an automatic pressure protection safety shut-off device, and more particularly, when an excessive pressure occurs in a gas or liquid flowing in a flow path in an offshore plant facility or a chemical processing facility on land. Since it automatically blocks the flow path by sensing the state of the, it relates to an automatic pressure protection safety shut-off device for preventing fire, explosion and diffusion.
Automatic pressure protection safety shut-off device according to an embodiment of the present invention is a safety shut-off device that blocks the flow path, the first to third sub-sensor and the main sensor is installed in front of the flow path (流 路) A pressure transmitter that senses excessive pressure in the flow path and transmits a signal; A logic control unit receiving a signal from the pressure transmission unit and performing a voting logic operation to output a control signal; And a flow path blocking unit blocking the flow path according to a control signal from the logic control unit.
The first sub-sensor is recognized as a signal of the first sub-sensor only when the first sub-sensor is included within a set range of the main sensor compared to the main sensor, and the second sub-sensor is compared with the main sensor Therefore, only when the second sub-sensor is included in the setting range of the main sensor is recognized as the signal of the second sub-sensor, the third sub-sensor is compared to the main sensor, and the third within the setting range of the main sensor Recognized as a signal of the third sub-sensor only when a sub-sensor is included,
The voting logic operation uses 2 out of 3, which is a method of selecting two or more identical signals as the final output among the three signals transmitted from the first to third sub-sensors recognized as compared with the main sensor. Select and output a control signal.

Description

Automatic pressure protection safety shut-off device {AUTOMATIC PRESSURE PROTECTION SAFETY SHUT-OFF APPARATUS}

The present invention relates to an automatic pressure protection safety shut-off device, and more particularly, when an excessive pressure occurs in a gas or liquid flowing in a flow path in an offshore plant facility or a chemical processing facility on land. Since it automatically blocks the flow path by sensing the state of the, it relates to an automatic pressure protection safety shut-off device for preventing fire, explosion and diffusion.

Recently, as industrialization and industrialization accelerate, the use of natural resources (petroleum, natural gas, etc.) is gradually increasing, and stable production and supply of natural resources with limited reserves has emerged as a very important problem.

Offshore plants are operated for about 3 to as many as 40 years after being installed at oil or gas mining sites, so design considerations are very demanding. In addition to the climatic effects of wind and waves, and special environmental conditions in the sea, various and difficult technologies related to securing stability against fire and explosion through the production of petroleum products are required.

In addition, due to the recent increase in demand for petroleum resource development in deep waters of 1,000 m or more, various technologies are being secured and developed. In particular, drilling, production, storage, etc. are possible at the same time for simple purposes of existing single functions. It is a trend to develop a marine offshore plant.

As a result, demand and prices for offshore plants are rising along with the recent increase in demand for energy and resources and skyrocketing prices worldwide, and there are ups and downs, but the trend is expected to continue.

Particularly, from the Gravity Based Structure and the Fixed Platform Structure, the Floating Structure, and the Semisubmersible Structure, the offshore drilling facility will be ordered according to the rise in oil prices. Orders are increasing or decreasing in proportion to rising oil prices.

FPSO (Floating Production Storage and Offloading), an offshore plant designed to function as a loading and unloading facility for floating crude oil production, storage, and transportation to an onshore refining facility, is a facility made to work even in the deep sea. FPSO drying is increasing in line with the development of deep sea resources due to its free movement and high usability.

FPSO is currently being used to produce crude oil or natural gas in oil fields. For example, LNG FPSO has recently been developed due to depletion of oil fields and an increase in demand for clean fuel. In deep-sea oil field development, Oil FPSO or LNG FPSO can be said to be a floating offshore refinery that can refine, store and transport crude oil or natural gas while floating on the sea.

In this way, it is essential for large-scale plant facilities including offshore plants to quickly remove excess pressure that may be generated in the pipes when transporting gas or oil, thereby securing a safety device that can prevent fire, explosion, and spread.

Meanwhile, the excessive pressure as described above is generally treated through traditional systems such as a relief system.

The relief system prevents the pressure rise in the protection system by opening an alternative outlet for the fluid in the system when the set pressure is exceeded. The alternate outlet generally leads to a flare or discharge system to safely handle excess fluid.

The relief system aims to eliminate excess inflow of fluids for safe measures.

However, conventional relief systems have problems such as combustion products in the process fluid or environment (flammable and toxic) and often loud noise of installations.

Also, as environmental awareness increases, the relief system is not always a satisfactory solution.

Accordingly, there is an urgent need for a comprehensive and integrated pressure protection safety device as an alternative to the conventional relief system.

Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1650313, Name of invention 'Chuck valve for oil well control of offshore plant' (Registration date 2016.08.17.)

The present invention was created by the above problems and necessities, and when an excessive pressure occurs in a gas or a liquid flowing in a flow path in an offshore plant facility or a chemical processing facility on land, a high pressure state is generated. An object of the present invention is to provide an automatic pressure protection safety shut-off device that can prevent a fire, explosion, and spread by detecting and automatically blocking the flow path.

In order to achieve the above object, an automatic pressure protection safety shut-off device according to an embodiment of the present invention is a safety shut-off device that blocks a flow path, wherein the first to third sub-sensors and the main sensor are connected to the flow path ( A pressure transmission unit installed at the front of the roadway to sense an excessive pressure in the flow path and transmit a signal; A logic control unit receiving a signal from the pressure transmission unit and performing a voting logic operation to output a control signal; And a flow path blocking unit blocking the flow path according to a control signal from the logic control unit.

The first sub-sensor is recognized as a signal of the first sub-sensor only when the first sub-sensor is included within a set range of the main sensor compared to the main sensor, and the second sub-sensor is compared with the main sensor Therefore, only when the second sub-sensor is included in the setting range of the main sensor is recognized as the signal of the second sub-sensor, the third sub-sensor is compared to the main sensor, and the third within the setting range of the main sensor Recognized as a signal of the third sub-sensor only when a sub-sensor is included,

The voting logic operation uses 2 out of 3, which is a method of selecting two or more identical signals as the final output among the three signals transmitted from the first to third sub-sensors recognized as compared with the main sensor. Select and output a control signal.

The present invention has the advantage that it is possible to automatically separate in a highly reliable manner by blocking the flow in the flow path as a device for isolating a high-pressure supply source.

In addition, in the case of a pump (in the case of a liquid) or a gas compressor (in the case of a gas) that is a source of high pressure, there is an advantage that the pump or gas compressor can be stably blocked by trusting the high pressure state in a safe manner.

In addition, there is an advantage that can protect equipment, human life from safety accidents due to excessive pressure in the flow path.

That is, the present invention prevents process explosion by blocking pressure when pressure increases in the process as the last sconce, and not only enhances the stability of factories and ships, but also prevents waste of resources due to gas-to-flare. There is an advantage.

1 is a schematic perspective view showing an automatic pressure protection safety shutoff device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a view showing a high safety integrity standard (SIS: Safety Instrumented System) rating.
3 is a block diagram showing an automatic pressure protection safety shutoff device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a flowchart of a control signal in the logic control unit proposed by the present invention.

First, prior to describing the present invention in detail, the present invention is not intended to be limited to specific embodiments, and should be understood to include all modifications, equivalents, and substitutes included in the spirit and scope of the present invention.

When an element is said to be "connected" or "connected" to another component, it is understood that other components may be directly connected to or connected to the other component, but other components may exist in the middle. It should be. On the other hand, when a component is said to be "directly connected" or "directly connected" to another component, it should be understood that no other component exists in the middle.

The terms used in this specification are only used to describe specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In this specification, terms such as “include” or “have” are intended to indicate that a feature, number, step, operation, component, part, or combination thereof described in the specification exists, and that one or more other features are present. It should be understood that the existence or addition possibilities of fields or numbers, steps, operations, components, parts or combinations thereof are not excluded in advance.

In addition, terms such as “… unit”, “… unit”, and “… module” described in the specification mean a unit that processes at least one function or operation, which may be implemented by hardware or software or a combination of hardware and software. You can.

In addition, the components of the embodiments described with reference to the drawings are not limited to the embodiments, and may be implemented to be included in other embodiments within the scope of maintaining the technical spirit of the present invention. Although the description is omitted, it is natural that a plurality of embodiments may be reimplemented as one integrated embodiment.

In addition, in the description with reference to the accompanying drawings, the same components, regardless of reference numerals, are assigned the same or related reference numerals, and redundant description thereof will be omitted. In the description of the present invention, when it is determined that detailed descriptions of related known technologies may unnecessarily obscure the subject matter of the present invention, detailed descriptions thereof will be omitted.

In addition, in the drawing, there is a part in which the size ratio between elements is expressed somewhat differently, or there is a part in which sizes between parts that are combined with each other are expressed differently, but the difference in the expressions shown in the drawings is easy for those skilled in the field. Since it is understandable parts, a separate description is omitted.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present invention has been described with reference to the embodiment shown in the drawings, but this is described as one embodiment, whereby the technical spirit of the present invention and its core configuration and operation are not limited.

The present invention is a type of safety instrumentation system (SIS) designed to prevent excessive pressure in a plant, such as a chemical plant or a refinery, by breaking the high-pressure supply before exceeding the design pressure of the system to rupture the process line or piping (explosion ) To prevent loss and acts as a barrier between the high and low pressure parts of the installation.

In addition, the present invention was created to solve the problems such as flammability, toxicity, and noise of the conventional relief device to solve the increased environmental awareness, aiming to be included in the system while blocking the inflow of excessive fluid.

1 is a schematic perspective view showing an automatic pressure protection safety shutoff device according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a view showing a high safety integrity standard (SIS: Safety Instrumented System) rating, Figure 3 is the present An automatic pressure protection safety shutoff device according to an embodiment of the present invention is a block diagram (block), Figure 4 is a control signal flow diagram in the logic control unit proposed by the present invention.

Referring to the drawings, the automatic pressure protection safety shut-off device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention relates to a safety shut-off device that blocks the flow path (L), the first to third sub-sensors ( 111, 112, 113) and the main sensor 114 is installed in front of the flow path (流 路) (L) pressure transmitter 110 for sensing the excessive pressure of the flow path (L) and transmitting a signal; A logic controller 120 that receives a signal from the pressure transmitter 110 and performs a voting logic operation 200 to output a control signal O; And a flow path blocking unit 130 blocking the flow path according to a control signal from the logic control unit 120.

In addition, the first sub-sensor 111 is compared to the main sensor 114, the first sub-sensor 111 only when the first sub-sensor 111 is included within the set range of the main sensor 114 The second sub-sensor 112 is recognized as a signal of the second sub-sensor 112, compared to the main sensor 114, the second sub-sensor 112 only when the second sub-sensor 112 is included in the set range of the main sensor 114 Recognized as a signal of the sensor 112, the third sub-sensor 113 is compared to the main sensor 114 only when the third sub-sensor 113 is included within the set range of the main sensor 114 It is recognized as a signal of the third sub-sensor 113.

The voting logic operation 200 finally outputs two or more identical signals among the three signals transmitted from the first to third sub-sensors 111, 112, and 113 that are recognized compared to the main sensor 114. The control signal is selected and output by using the 2 out of 3 method, which is a method selected by.

In addition, the main sensor 114 has a safety integrity standard (SIS: Safety Instrumented System) rating that is more accurate than each of the first to third sub-sensors 111, 112, and 113.

Then, the automatic pressure protection safety shut-off device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail as follows.

The automatic pressure protection safety shut-off device 100 proposed in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, is a device that cuts off the supply of excessive pressure within a specified time with at least the same reliability as the safety relief valve, and can be broadly classified as follows. .

First, the pressure transmitter 100 detects and transmits excessive pressure in the flow path.

Second, the logic control unit 200 that receives a signal from the pressure transmission unit 100 and outputs a control signal.

Third, the flow path blocking unit 300 is performed by receiving a control signal from the logic control unit 130.

Therefore, the automatic pressure protection safety shut-off device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, a system that can automatically block the flow path (流 路) (L), a large pressure transmission unit ( 100), a logic control unit 200 and a flow path blocking unit 300.

The pressure transmission unit 110 is composed of a sensor (or an initiator) that senses high pressure, and includes first to third sub-sensors 111, 112, 113 and a main sensor 114 as shown in FIG. 3. do.

That is, the pressure transmission unit 110 measures a pressure of a gas or liquid flowing in a flow path, detects a high pressure higher than a set pressure, and detects a high pressure higher than a set pressure. 200).

More specifically, the first to third sub-sensors 111, 112, and 113 and the main sensor 114 include a pressure transmitter function.

As shown in FIG. 2, the main sensor 114 generally has a safety integrity standard (SIS: Safety Instrumented System) SIL 3 that is more accurate than each of the first to third sub-sensors 111, 112, and 113 of SIL class 2 Have a rating

In particular, in order to increase the precision of the automatic pressure protection safety shut-off device 100, rather than configuring the entire first to third sub-sensors 111, 112, and 113 with an expensive pressure transmitter having a high SIL rating. It is very economical to improve the precision by comparing the remaining first to third sub-sensors 111, 112 and 113 with one main sensor 114.

The logic control unit 120 is a logic solver that receives a signal from the pressure transmission unit 110 and outputs a final control signal according to a processor.

In addition, the logic control unit 120 receives a signal from the pressure transmission unit 110 and performs a voting logic operation 200 to output a control signal O.

In particular, the logic controller 120 proposed in the present invention further improves the 2oo3 (2 out of 3) logic to propose a new 2oo3 logic.

4, the logic control unit 120 is the first to third sub-sensor (111, 112, 113) of each signal (A, B, C) is the reference pressure (measurement pressure) of the main sensor 114 If it is out of accuracy based on) (P), it is excluded from 2oo3 voting.

Accordingly, each of the first to third sub-sensors 111, 112, and 113 has a first to third sub-sensor (pressure value) within a set range of the main sensor 114 compared to the main sensor 114 ( 111) It is recognized that each of the first to third sub-sensors 111 corresponds to a signal only when each pressure value is included.

In addition, the voting logic operation 200 is a new 2oo3 logic, and two or more of the three signals transmitted from each of the recognized first to third sub-sensors 111, 112, and 113 are recognized. The control signal (O) is output in a 2 out of 3 method of selecting the same signal.

As shown in FIG. 3, the flow path blocking unit 130 includes first and second blocking units 131 and 132, and blocks the flow path L according to a control signal from the logic control unit 120.

In addition, the flow path blocking unit 130 is a final operation device to bring the process to a safe state and perform corrective actions in the actual field, which means to cut off the supply of excessive pressure.

In the flow path blocking unit 130, each of the first and second blocking units 131 and 132 is composed of an open / close valve (unsigned), an actuator (unsigned), and a solenoid (unsigned).

The first and second blocking portions 131 and 132 are connected in series on the pipe, as shown in FIG. 3.

Automatic pressure protection safety shut-off device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention has a high redundancy (redundancy).

In other words. Failure of one of the first to third sub-sensors 111, 112, 113 and main sensor 114 will not impair the function of the present invention, since two readings of high pressure are required for activation.

In addition, the present invention does not impair the function of the present invention due to the failure of one of the first and second blocking portions 131 and 132, the flow path blocking portion 130 is composed of a double blocking method 1 out of 2 (1oo2) It will not, and the other one of the first and second blocking portions 131 and 132 that has not failed is operated to close.

Therefore, the automatic pressure protection safety shut-off device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention can expect the following effects.

The present invention has the advantage that it is possible to automatically separate in a highly reliable manner by blocking the flow in the flow path as a device for isolating a high-pressure supply source.

In addition, in the case of a pump (in the case of a liquid) or a gas compressor (in the case of a gas) that is a source of high pressure, there is an advantage that the pump or gas compressor can be stably blocked by trusting the high pressure state in a safe manner.

In addition, there is an advantage that can protect equipment, human life from safety accidents due to excessive pressure in the flow path.

That is, the present invention prevents process explosion by blocking pressure when pressure increases in the process as the last sconce, and not only enhances the stability of factories and ships, but also prevents waste of resources due to gas-to-flare. There is an advantage.

The above description is merely illustrative of the technical idea of the present invention, and those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains can make various modifications, changes, and substitutions without departing from the essential characteristics of the present invention. will be.

Therefore, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention and the accompanying drawings are not intended to limit the technical spirit of the present invention, but to explain the scope of the technical spirit of the present invention. .

The scope of protection of the present invention should be interpreted by the claims below, and all technical spirits within the scope equivalent thereto should be interpreted as being included in the scope of the present invention.

100: safety shut-off device proposed by the present invention
110: pressure transmission unit
120: logic control unit
130: Euro block

Claims (2)

In the automatic pressure protection safety shut-off device to block the flow path,
A pressure transmission unit having first to third sub-sensors and a main sensor installed in front of the flow path to sense an excessive pressure in the flow path and transmit a signal;
A logic control unit receiving a signal from the pressure transmission unit and performing a voting logic operation to output a control signal; And
Includes; a flow path blocker for blocking the flow path according to the control signal of the logic control unit,
The first sub-sensor is recognized as a signal of the first sub-sensor only when the first sub-sensor is included within a set range of the main sensor compared to the main sensor, and the second sub-sensor is compared with the main sensor Therefore, only when the second sub-sensor is included in the setting range of the main sensor is recognized as the signal of the second sub-sensor, the third sub-sensor is compared to the main sensor, and the third within the setting range of the main sensor Recognized as a signal of the third sub-sensor only when a sub-sensor is included,
The main sensor has a safety integrity standard (SIS: Safety Instrumented System) grade higher than each of the first to third sub-sensors,
The bowing logic operation,
The control signal is selected and output by using 2 out of 3, which is a method of selecting two or more identical signals as the final output among the three signals transmitted from the first to third sub-sensors that are compared with the main sensor and is recognized, and ,
The flow path blocking portion includes first and second blocking portions, and blocks the flow path according to a control signal of the logic control unit, but is configured as 1 out of 2 of a double blocking method, and either of the first and second blocking portions is configured. Automatic pressure protection safety shut-off device characterized in that it is activated and closed. delete

Images