KR102079789B1 - Internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an internal combustion engine (10), that is, an internal combustion engine operated with heavy oil, wherein the internal combustion engine includes an engine (11) having a plurality of cylinders (12) and a charging device (15) having one or more turbochargers (16). ), An exhaust gas purifying apparatus 20 having an SCR catalyst 21 and an ammonia generator 24 for generating from the urea solution an ammonia used as a reducing agent for the SCR catalyst 21, and a boost air line 23 Charge air may be supplied to the ammonia generator 24 by the bypass line 27 branching from the nozzle, the urea solution in the boost air branched by the bypass line 27. And urea solution, which is provided downstream of the nozzle 25, in the supercharged air induced by the bypass line 27 in the hydrolysis catalyst 26 of the ammonia generator 24. , Carbon dioxide and ammo And the bypass line 27 is connected to the exhaust gas line 22 upstream of the SCR catalyst 21 in the flow direction of the exhaust gas, so that the charge air guided by the ammonia generator 24 Can be mixed with the exhaust gas upstream of the SCR catalyst 21 in the flow direction.

Description

Internal combustion engine {INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE}

The present invention relates to an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.

In the case of internal combustion engines operating on heavy oil, there is a particularity that the sulfur content of the fuel used, ie heavy oil, is high. Sulfur oxides can react with other components of the exhaust gas and cause deposition in the assemblies of the internal combustion engine, like the exhaust gas purification apparatus of the internal combustion engine.

In DE 10 2004 027 593 A1 an internal combustion engine is known which comprises a supercharging device and an exhaust gas purification device. This supercharger is implemented as a single stage supercharger or as a two stage supercharger. The exhaust gas purification device comprises one or more SCR catalysts, which may be located downstream of the turbine of the exhaust gas turbocharger or upstream of the turbine of the exhaust gas turbocharger in the case of a single stage supercharger. It may be. In the case of a two-stage supercharger, the SCR catalyst is according to the prior art located between the high pressure turbine of the high pressure exhaust gas turbocharger and the low pressure turbine of the low pressure exhaust gas turbocharger.

SCR catalysts use ammonia as the reducing agent. In the known exhaust gas aftertreatment system according to the prior art, an aqueous urea solution is provided in the exhaust gas upstream of the SCR catalyst, where the aqueous urea solution in the exhaust gas stream is decomposed or evaporated into water vapor, carbon dioxide and ammonia. .

To this end, one or more hydrolysis catalysts are provided between an SCR catalyst using ammonia as a reducing agent and a nozzle located in an exhaust gas line extending between the internal combustion engine and the SCR catalyst and providing an aqueous urea solution in the exhaust gas. Processing section is required. The nozzle and the hydrolysis catalyst together form an ammonia generator. The production of ammonia from aqueous urea solutions provided in the exhaust gas is known, for example, from DE 10 2009 035 692A1 and DE 10 2009 035 692A1.

On the premise of this, it is an object of the present invention to provide a new type of internal combustion engine operated with heavy oil.

The problem is solved through the internal combustion engine of claim 1 in accordance with the first aspect of the invention. According to this, the boost air can be supplied to the ammonia generator by a bypass line branching from the boost air line, whereby the urea solution can be provided through the nozzle of the ammonia generator in the boost air branched by the bypass line. The urea solution is decomposed into water vapor, carbon dioxide and ammonia in the supercharged air induced by the bypass line in a hydrolysis catalyst of the ammonia generator, installed downstream of the nozzle, where the bypass line is viewed in the direction of flow of the exhaust gas. Since it is connected to the exhaust gas line upstream of the catalyst, the boost air induced by the ammonia generator can be mixed with the exhaust gas upstream of the SCR catalyst in the flow direction.

The first suggestion in the first aspect of the invention is that the urea solution is not provided in the exhaust gas to produce ammonia, but rather in the charge air branching from the charge air line by a bypass line.

The ammonia produced by decomposition of the urea solution in the charge air can be provided into the exhaust gas by the bypass line, where the bypass line is connected to the exhaust gas line upstream of the SCR catalyst in the flow direction of the exhaust gas. have. The advantage of the decomposition of urea solution to ammonia in clean supercharged air over the decomposition of urea solution to ammonia in the exhaust gas is that a relatively fine cell hydrolysis catalyst having a relatively small volume is hydrolyzed. It can be used as a decomposition catalyst. As a result, there is no danger of clogging the metal carrier of this hydrolysis catalyst.

Preferably the heating device is assigned to the bypass line upstream of the ammonia generator in the direction of the flow of the charge air, so that the charge air induced by this bypass line can be heated before the injection of the urea solution. By means of a heating device, which can be implemented as an electric heating device or as an exhaust gas heat exchanger, the charge air can be heated to the optimum decomposition temperature for the urea solution before the injection of the urea solution.

According to one advantageous aspect of the first aspect of the invention, the supercharging device has a high pressure turbocharger comprising a high pressure turbine and a high pressure compressor and a low pressure turbocharger comprising a low pressure turbine and a low pressure compressor, wherein the bypass line is a flow of boost air. In the direction downstream from the low pressure compressor and / or downstream of the high pressure compressor and / or the bypass line is downstream of the low pressure turbine and / or downstream of the high pressure turbine in the flow direction of the exhaust gas. But upstream of the SCR catalyst are connected to the exhaust gas line. Thus, the production of ammonia in clean charge air and the provision of ammonia into the exhaust gas stream upstream of the SCR catalyst can be optimally adapted to the design of the internal combustion engine.

According to a second aspect of the present invention the problem is solved through the internal combustion engine according to claim 6. According to this, the urea solution can be provided in the exhaust gas by the nozzle of the ammonia generator and in the hydrolysis catalyst of the ammonia generator, installed downstream of the nozzle, it is decomposed into water vapor, carbon dioxide and ammonia in the exhaust gas so that the exhaust gas is accompanied by ammonia. The upstream of the SCR catalyst can be led through one or more turbines.

According to a second aspect of the present invention one or more turbines of one or more turbochargers are used for mixing exhaust gas and ammonia. This can achieve an optimal distribution of ammonia in the exhaust gas.

According to one advantageous refinement of the second aspect of the invention, the supercharging device has a high pressure turbocharger comprising a high pressure turbine and a high pressure compressor and a low pressure turbocharger comprising a low pressure turbine and a low pressure compressor, the ammonia generator being in the flow direction of the exhaust gas. And is assigned to a bypass line branching from the exhaust gas line upstream of the high pressure turbine, which bypass line is connected to the exhaust gas line downstream of the low pressure turbine in the flow direction of the exhaust gas. Such production of ammonia in the exhaust gas stream is preferred.

Advantageous improvements of the invention are derived from the dependent claims and the following detailed description. Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail with reference to the drawings, without being limited thereto.

1 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of an internal combustion engine of the present invention according to the first aspect of the present invention;
2 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of an internal combustion engine of the present invention according to the first aspect of the present invention;
3 is a schematic view of a third embodiment of an internal combustion engine of the present invention according to the first aspect of the present invention;
4 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of an internal combustion engine of the present invention according to a second aspect of the present invention;
5 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of an internal combustion engine of the present invention according to the second aspect of the present invention;
6 is a schematic view of a third embodiment of an internal combustion engine of the present invention according to the second aspect of the present invention;
7 is a schematic view of a fourth embodiment of an internal combustion engine of the present invention according to the second aspect of the present invention.
8 is a schematic view of a fifth embodiment of an internal combustion engine of the present invention according to the second aspect of the present invention;

The present invention relates to an internal combustion engine, in particular a marine diesel engine, operated with heavy oil.

1 shows a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of an internal combustion engine 10 of the present invention operated with heavy oil in accordance with a first aspect of the present invention, wherein the internal combustion engine 10 comprises a plurality of cylinders 12. The branch includes the engine 11.

In the cylinders 12 of the internal combustion engine 10, heavy oil is burned as fuel, and for this, the cylinders 12 of the internal combustion engine 10 are provided with compressed air 13 which is further compressed in addition to the heavy oil. Exhaust gas 14 generated during the combustion of heavy oil is discharged from the cylinders 12 of the internal combustion engine 10.

The internal combustion engine 10 shown in FIG. 1 is provided with a charging device 15 including a turbocharger 16. The exhaust gas 14 leaving the cylinders 12 of the internal combustion engine 10 via the exhaust gas line 22 reaches the region of the turbine 17 of the turbocharger 16. Since the exhaust gas 14 expands in the turbine 17 of the turbocharger 16 and the energy obtained at this time is used, the boost air 13 can be compressed in the compressor 18 of the turbocharger 16, This boost air is supplied to the cylinders 12 via the boost air line 23. The turbocharger 19 is arranged downstream of the compressor 18 of the turbocharger 16.

In addition, the internal combustion engine shown in FIG. 1 includes an exhaust gas purification apparatus 20, wherein the exhaust gas purification apparatus includes one or more SCR catalysts 21. The exhaust gas purification apparatus 20 may comprise other assemblies, for example a particle filter. SCR catalyst 21 uses ammonia as the reducing agent, where ammonia is provided by ammonia generator 24. The ammonia generator 24 includes a nozzle 25 and a hydrolysis catalyst 26 capable of injecting an aqueous urea solution, so that the urea solution can be decomposed or evaporated into ammonia, water vapor and carbon dioxide.

According to the first aspect of the invention, the boost air can be supplied to the ammonia generator 24 by a bypass line 27 branching from the boost air line 23, where it is branched by the bypass line 27. The urea solution may be provided via the nozzle 25 of the ammonia generator 24 into the charged charge air. The urea solution may decompose into water vapor, carbon dioxide and ammonia in the boost air induced by the bypass line 27, in the hydrolysis catalyst 26 of the ammonia generator 24, connected downstream of the nozzle 25.

The bypass line 27 is connected to the exhaust gas line 22 upstream of the SCR catalyst 21 when viewed in the flow direction of the exhaust gas, so that the boost air induced by the ammonia generator 24 is exhausted along with the ammonia. When viewed in the flow direction of the gas, it may be mixed with the exhaust gas upstream of the SCR catalyst 21. In this case, in the embodiment of FIG. 1, the bypass line 27 is connected to the exhaust gas line 22 between the turbine 17 and the SCR catalyst 21.

In contrast, the bypass line 21 may be connected to the exhaust gas line 22 upstream of the turbine 17 when viewed in the flow direction of the exhaust gas. In that case the exhaust gas and ammonia will be optimally mixed in the turbine 17 upstream of the SCR catalyst 21.

Preferably, a heating device 28 is installed in front of the ammonia generator 24 and the boost air induced by the bypass line 27 is optimally decomposed for the urea solution by the heating device 28 before the injection of the urea solution. Can be heated to temperature. This heating device 28 may be an electric heating device or an exhaust gas heat exchanger.

The boost air guided by the bypass line 27 is up to 5% of the boost air guided by the boost air line 23 and compressed by the compressor 18 of the turbocharger 15. The bypass line branches from the boost air line 23 between the downstream of the compressor 18 and the upstream of the boost air cooling device 19 in the flow direction of the boost air.

A second embodiment of the internal combustion engine 10 of the present invention according to the first aspect of the invention is shown in FIG. 2, wherein like reference numerals are used for the same assembly to avoid unnecessary repetitive description of the embodiment of FIG. have.

In the embodiment of Figure 2, the charging device 15 comprises a high pressure turbocharger 16 'and a low pressure turbocharger 16 ". The high pressure turbocharger 16' includes a high pressure turbine 17 'and a high pressure compressor 18. Low pressure turbocharger 16 "includes a low pressure turbine 17" and a low pressure compressor 18 ". The exhaust gas 14 leaving the cylinders 12 of the engine 11 first reaches the region of the high pressure turbine 17 'of the high pressure turbocharger 16' and then the low pressure of the low pressure turbocharger 16 ". Reach the area of the turbine 17 ". Since the energy obtained from these turbines 17 'and 17 "is used in the corresponding compressors 18' and 18", the charge air can be continuously compressed and the supercharge downstream of the low pressure compressor 18 ". A charge air cooling device 19 ′ downstream of the air cooling device 19 ″ and the high pressure compressor 18 ′ is integrated into the charge air line 23.

According to the solid line in FIG. 2, an ammonia generator 24 is integrated in the bypass line, which bypass line 27 is located downstream of the high pressure compressor 18 ′ and upstream of the boost air cooling device 19 ′. Branched from the charge air line 23, it is connected to the exhaust gas line 22 between the high pressure turbine 17 'and the low pressure turbine 17 ". The SCR catalyst 21 is viewed in the flow direction of the exhaust gas. It is located downstream of the low pressure turbine 17 ".

As the dashed line of FIG. 2 shows, alternatively or additionally, the bypass line 27 branches from the charge air line 23 between the low pressure compressor 18 "and the high pressure compressor 18 ', but with the flow of the charge air. Upstream of the boost air cooling device 19 ″ in the direction shown, it may branch off from the boost air line 23, and / or the bypass line 27 is low pressure in the flow direction of the exhaust gas 14. It may be connected to the exhaust gas line 22 downstream of the turbine 17 ". If the bypass line 27 is connected to the exhaust gas line 22 downstream of the low pressure turbine 17", the low pressure turbine 17 In the exhaust gas and ammonia are not mixed.

As described above, the dashed line in FIG. 2 may be used as an alternative to or in addition to the solid line for the bypass line 27.

A third embodiment of the internal combustion engine 10 of the present invention in accordance with the first aspect of the invention is shown in FIG. 3, with respect to the same assemblies in order to avoid unnecessary repetitive description of FIG. 3 as in FIGS. 1 and 2. The same reference numerals are used.

As a difference between the internal combustion engine 10 of FIG. 3 and the internal combustion engine 10 of FIG. 2, the SCR catalyst 21 is connected to the exhaust gas line 22 between the high pressure turbine 17 ′ and the low pressure turbine 17 ″. The bypass line 27 is an exhaust gas line upstream of the SCR catalyst 21 between the high pressure turbine 17 ′ and the low pressure turbine 17 ″ in the flow direction of the exhaust gas 14. Is connected to (22). In such a case no mixing of ammonia and exhaust gas takes place in the low pressure turbine 17 ". Although not shown, the bypass line 27 in FIG. 3 is the high pressure turbine 17 when viewed in the flow direction of the exhaust gas 14. Upstream of ') may be connected to the exhaust gas line 22. In such a case, mixing of the ammonia and the exhaust gas will take place in the high pressure turbine 17'.

Therefore, in common with the embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 3 of the internal combustion engine 10 according to the first aspect of the invention, the boost air is supplied to the ammonia generator 24, which is charged from the boost air line 23. Branched by the bypass line 27, the aqueous urea solution can be transferred into the boost air through the nozzle 24 in clean boost air rather than in the exhaust gas so that urea decomposes to ammonia in the region of the hydrolysis catalyst 26. . Since the heating device 28 is preferably installed in front of the ammonia generator 24, the charge air can be heated to the optimum decomposition temperature for the urea before the urea is injected.

The advantage of using clean supercharged air in the ammonia generator 24 is that the hydrolysis catalyst 26 of the ammonia generator 24 does not tend to be clogged so that relatively fine structures of metal carriers to the hydrolysis generator 26 are used. It can be. As a result, a relatively small volume of hydrolysis catalyst 26 can be used in the ammonia generator 24.

4 shows a first embodiment of an internal combustion engine 30 according to the second aspect of the invention. The internal combustion engine 30 is provided with an engine 31 comprising a plurality of cylinders 32. In these cylinders 32 heavy fuel oil is burned as fuel, and in addition to the heavy fuel oil, the compressed air 33 is further compressed. Exhaust gas 34 is generated upon combustion of heavy oil, and the exhaust gas is discharged from the cylinders 32 of the internal combustion engine 30.

The internal combustion engine 30 of FIG. 4 has a turbocharger 35, which includes a turbocharger 36. The exhaust gas 34 leaving the cylinders 32 of the internal combustion engine 30 via the exhaust gas line 42 reaches the region of the turbine 37 of the turbocharger 36. Since the exhaust gas 34 expands in the turbine 37 of the turbocharger 36 and the energy obtained at this time is used, the boost air 33 can be compressed in the compressor 38 of the turbocharger 36 so that the supercharge It is supplied to the cylinders 32 via an air line 43. Downstream of the compressor 38 of the turbocharger 36, a boost air cooling device 39 is integrated in the boost air line 43.

In addition, the internal combustion engine 30 of FIG. 4 has an exhaust gas purification device 40, which includes one or more SCR catalysts 41. In the embodiment of FIG. 4, the SCR catalyst 41 is disposed downstream of the turbine 37 of the turbocharger 36 when viewed in the flow direction of the exhaust gas 34. Exhaust gas purification apparatus 40 may include other assemblies in addition to SCR catalyst 41, ie, a particle filter.

The SCR catalyst 41 uses ammonia as the reducing agent, which is supplied by the ammonia generator 44. The ammonia generator 44 also has a nozzle 45 and a hydrolysis catalyst 46, in which the urea solution supplied by the nozzle 45 is decomposed or evaporated into water vapor, carbon dioxide and ammonia in the hydrolysis catalyst 46.

Since the ammonia generator 44 is integrated in the internal combustion engine 30 according to the second aspect of the invention, the exhaust gas 34 leaving the cylinders 32 is supplied to the ammonia generator 44, where the ammonia generator A nozzle 45 of 44 provides an aqueous urea solution into the exhaust gas 34 to be evaporated or decomposed into water vapor, carbon dioxide and ammonia in the exhaust gas through a hydrolysis catalyst 46 connected downstream of the nozzle 45. Exhaust gas may be induced by the one or more turbines of the turbocharger upstream of the SCR catalyst 41 with ammonia, and in FIG. It is induced by. Before the exhaust gas reaches the region of the SCR catalyst 41 together with the ammonia, the turbine 37 is used as a mixer to optimally distribute the ammonia in the exhaust gas. As a result, a separate mixer does not need to be used. One other advantage of decomposing urea with ammonia upstream of the turbine 37 of the turbocharger 36 is that enthalpy can be fully utilized upstream of the turbine 37 of the exhaust gas charger 36, so that urea solution It can be effectively decomposed into ammonia, carbon dioxide and water vapor. In such a case the ammonia release is independent of the operating point or load point of the internal combustion engine 30. For example, special coating of the metal carrier of the hydrolysis catalyst 46 with TiO ₂ or Al ₂ O ₃ can be ruled out, as already mentioned. This is because it is sufficiently large or high upstream of the turbine 37 of the turbocharger 36.

FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment of the internal combustion engine 30 according to the second aspect of the invention, in which the same reference numerals are used as in FIG. 4 to avoid unnecessary repetitive description of the embodiment of FIG. 5. Hereinafter, only the differences between the embodiment of FIG. 5 and the embodiment of FIG. 4 will be described in detail.

In the embodiment of FIG. 5, the supercharging device 35 comprises a high pressure turbocharger 36 ′ comprising a high pressure turbine 37 ′ and a high pressure compressor 38 ′ and a low pressure turbine 37 ″ and a low pressure compressor 38 ″. Including a low pressure turbocharger 36 ". Two charge air cooling devices 39 'and 39" are integrated in the charge air line 43, i.e., the charge air downstream of the low pressure compressor 38 ". The cooling device 39 "is integrated and the boost air cooling device 39 'is integrated downstream of the high pressure compressor 38'.

As in the embodiment of FIG. 4, in the embodiment of FIG. 5, the ammonia generator 44 is integrated into the internal combustion engine 30 so that the exhaust gas 34 leaving the cylinders 32 of the engine 31 is exhaust gas. Is led past the ammonia generator 44 before it expands in either the turbine 37 'or 37 ".

At this time, according to FIG. 5, the ammonia generator 44 is integrated into the exhaust gas line 34 upstream of the high pressure turbine 37 ′ of the high pressure turbocharger 36 ′ when viewed in the flow direction of the exhaust gas 34. It is. Therefore, ammonia is generated upstream of the high pressure turbine 37 ', and then the ammonia is led through both turbines 37' and 37 "with the exhaust gas, and then the exhaust gas together with the ammonia of the SCR catalyst 41 Reaching the zone, the SCR catalyst is arranged downstream of the low pressure turbine 37 ″ in the flow direction of the exhaust gas according to FIG. 5.

Another variant of the internal combustion engine 30 of the present invention according to the second aspect of the invention is shown in FIG. 6, which is also the same as in the embodiments of FIGS. 4 and 5 for the same assembly in connection with FIG. 6. Reference numerals are used and only the differences between the embodiment of FIG. 6 and the embodiment of FIG. 5 will be described below.

In the embodiment of FIG. 6, the exhaust gas 34 leaving the cylinders 32 is supplied to the ammonia generator 44 by a bypass line 47 branching from the exhaust gas line 42, in which case FIG. 6. According to the exhaust gas line 42 between the high pressure turbine 37 'and the low pressure turbine 37 "with the ammonia generated in the same place by the exhaust line 47, the exhaust gas passing through the high pressure turbine 37'. ), So that it can mix with the exhaust gas upstream of the low pressure turbine 37 "in the flow direction of the exhaust gas. The low pressure turbine 37 " is then again used as a mixer for exhaust gas and ammonia, so that the SCR catalyst 41 located downstream of the low pressure turbine 37 " as seen in the flow direction of the exhaust gas in accordance with FIG. Exhaust gases that are uniformly mixed with ammonia can be provided.

The exhaust gas branching from the exhaust gas line 34 by the bypass 47 is at most 5% of the exhaust gas leaving the cylinder 32 by the exhaust gas line 34.

Another embodiment of the internal combustion engine 30 of the present invention according to the second aspect of the present invention is shown in FIG. 7, in which like reference numerals are used for the same assemblies to avoid unnecessary repetitive descriptions. Only details the differences between the embodiment of FIG. 7 and the embodiment of FIG. 5.

In the embodiment of FIG. 7, the ammonia generator 44 comprising the nozzle 45 and the hydrolysis catalyst 46 is shown downstream of the high pressure turbine 37 ′ and of the low pressure turbine 37 ″ when viewed in the flow direction of the exhaust gas. It is integrated upstream into the exhaust gas line 42. Therefore, in this embodiment, the urea solution provided in the exhaust gas by the nozzle 45 of the ammonia generator 44 is decomposed into ammonia, water vapor and carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas. Since the exhaust gas is guided together with ammonia through one or more turbines, ie through the low pressure turbine 37 "of the low pressure turbocharger 36" according to Figure 7, a good mixture of ammonia and exhaust gas After ensuring in the region of the low pressure turbine 37 ", the exhaust gas reaches the region of the SCR catalyst 41 together with ammonia.

8 shows another embodiment of the internal combustion engine 30 of the present invention according to the second aspect of the present invention, in which the practice of FIGS. 4 to 7 is avoided in order to avoid unnecessary repetitive descriptions with respect to the embodiment of FIG. 8. The same reference numerals are used for the same assemblies as for the example. In the embodiment of FIG. 8, the SCR catalyst 41 is downstream of the high pressure turbine 37 ′ of the high pressure turbocharger 36 ′ and the low pressure turbine 37 ″ of the low pressure turbocharger 36 ″ in the flow direction of the exhaust gas. Is integrated into the exhaust gas line 42 upstream of the ammonia generator 44, where an ammonia generator 44 is integrated into the exhaust gas line 42 upstream of the high pressure turbine 37 ′. Therefore, even in the embodiment of FIG. 8, urea is decomposed into water vapor, carbon dioxide and ammonia upstream of the turbine, ie upstream of the high pressure turbine 37 ′, thus leading to the SCR catalyst 41 via the high pressure turbine 37 ′ before feeding. Can be. Decomposition of the urea into ammonia is effected effectively when the enthalpy in the exhaust gas is high, in addition, good mixing of the ammonia and the exhaust gas is achieved through the high pressure turbine 37 'upstream of the SCR catalyst 41.

10 Internal combustion engine 11 Engine 12 cylinder
13 Supercharged air 14 Exhaust gas 15 Supercharger
16 turbocharger 16 'high pressure turbocharger 16 "low pressure turbocharger
17 Turbine 17 'High Pressure Turbine 17 "Low Pressure Turbine
18 Compressor 18 'High Pressure Compressor 18 "Low Pressure Compressor
19, 19 ', 19 "Supercharged Air Cooling System 20 Exhaust Fume Filter 21 SCR Catalyst
22 Exhaust gas line 23 Supercharged air line 24 Ammonia generator
25 Nozzle 26 Hydrolysis Catalyst 27 Bypass Line
28 Heating devices 30 Internal combustion engines 31 Engines
32 Cylinder 33 Supercharged Air 34 Exhaust
35 Supercharger 36 Turbocharger 36 'High Pressure Turbocharger
36 "low pressure turbocharger 37 turbine 37 'high pressure turbine
37 "Low Pressure Turbine 38 Compressor 38 'High Pressure Compressor
38 "Low Pressure Compressor 39, 39 ', 39" Supercharged Air Cooling System
40 Exhaust Gas Filter 41 SCR Catalyst 42 Exhaust Gas Line
43 Supercharged air line 44 Ammonia generator 45 Nozzle
46 Hydrolysis Catalyst 47 Bypass Line

Claims (10)

An internal combustion engine, ie an internal combustion engine operated with heavy oil, comprising: an engine (11) having a plurality of cylinders (12), a charging device (15) having at least one turbocharger (16, 16'16 "), an SCR catalyst ( An internal combustion engine comprising an exhaust gas purification apparatus 20 having a 21 and an ammonia generator 24 for generating from a urea solution ammonia used as a reducing agent for the SCR catalyst 21,
By-pass line 27 branching from the charge air line 23 allows the boost air to be supplied to the ammonia generator 24 and the urea solution in the boost air branched by the bypass line 27 to the ammonia generator. It can be provided through the nozzle 25, this urea solution in the hydrolysis catalyst 26 of the ammonia generator, installed downstream of the nozzle 25, steam in the charge air induced by the bypass line 27, It is decomposed into carbon dioxide and ammonia, and the bypass line 27 is connected to the exhaust gas line 22 upstream of the SCR catalyst 21 in the flow direction of the exhaust gas, so that it is induced by the ammonia generator 24. The boost air can be mixed with the exhaust gas upstream of the SCR catalyst 21 in the flow direction,
An internal combustion engine, characterized in that a heating device (28) is assigned to the bypass line (27) for heating the charge air induced by the bypass line (27) before the injection of the urea solution. delete The internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the boost air induced by the bypass line (27) is at most 5% of the boost air induced by the boost air line (23). The charging device (15) according to claim 1, wherein the charging device (15) comprises a high pressure turbocharger (16 ') including a high pressure turbine (17') and a high pressure compressor (18 ') and a low pressure turbine (17 ") and a low pressure compressor (18"). A low pressure turbocharger 16 " comprising a bypass line 27 downstream of the low pressure compressor 18 " or downstream of the high pressure compressor 18 'in the flow direction of the charge air. 23) an internal combustion engine characterized in that it branches off. The charging device (15) according to claim 1, wherein the charging device (15) comprises a high pressure turbocharger (16 ') including a high pressure turbine (17') and a high pressure compressor (18 ') and a low pressure turbine (17 ") and a low pressure compressor (18"). Having a low pressure turbocharger 16 ", and the bypass line 27 is downstream of the low pressure turbine 17 " or downstream of the high pressure turbine 17 " And an exhaust gas line (22) upstream of (21). An internal combustion engine, ie an internal combustion engine operated with heavy oil, comprising: an engine (31) having a plurality of cylinders (32), a charging device (35) having at least one turbocharger (36, 36 ', 36 "), an SCR catalyst An internal combustion engine comprising an exhaust gas purification device 40 having a 41 and an ammonia generator 44 for generating from a urea solution ammonia used as a reducing agent for the SCR catalyst 41,
The urea solution can be provided in the exhaust gas by the nozzle 45 of the ammonia generator, and in the hydrolysis catalyst 46 of the ammonia generator, installed downstream of the nozzle, it is decomposed into water vapor, carbon dioxide and ammonia in the exhaust gas and exhausted. At least one gas used with the ammonia to operate the compressors 38, 38 ′, 38 ″ for compressing the charge air 33 supplied to the cylinders 32 upstream of the SCR catalyst 41. Can be guided through turbines 37, 37 ', 37 ",
An ammonia generator 44 is assigned to the exhaust gas line 42 coming out of the cylinders 32 so that urea solution can be provided directly into the exhaust downstream of the cylinder 32 when viewed in the flow direction of the exhaust gas. Internal combustion engine. delete 7. The supercharger (35) according to claim 6 further comprises a high pressure turbocharger (36 ') comprising a high pressure turbine (37') and a high pressure compressor (38 ') and a low pressure turbine (37 ") and a low pressure compressor (38"). A low pressure turbocharger 36 " including an ammonia generator 44 assigned to a region of the exhaust gas line 42, between the high pressure turbine 37 'and the low pressure turbine 37 ". An internal combustion engine, characterized by an extension. 7. The supercharger (35) according to claim 6 further comprises a high pressure turbocharger (36 ') comprising a high pressure turbine (37') and a high pressure compressor (38 ') and a low pressure turbine (37 ") and a low pressure compressor (38"). Bypass line 47 having a low pressure turbocharger 36 ", wherein the ammonia generator 44 branches from the exhaust gas line 42 upstream of the high pressure turbine 37 'in the flow direction of the exhaust gas. And a bypass line (47) connected to the exhaust gas line (42) upstream of the low pressure turbine (37 ") in the flow direction of the exhaust gas. 10. An internal combustion engine according to claim 9, characterized in that the exhaust gas induced by the bypass line (47) is at most 5% of the exhaust gas induced by the exhaust gas line (42).

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