KR102033113B1 - 금속복합체, 이를 포함하는 양극활물질, 이차전지 및 이들의 제조방법 - Google Patents
금속복합체, 이를 포함하는 양극활물질, 이차전지 및 이들의 제조방법 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 title claims description 22
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 139
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 139
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims description 99
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 75
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 71
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 24
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Natural products N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 29
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 description 11
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 9
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 241000080590 Niso Species 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- -1 for example Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MXRIRQGCELJRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O.O.O.[Al] Chemical compound O.O.O.[Al] MXRIRQGCELJRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+) sulfate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 2
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007780 powder milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910021503 Cobalt(II) hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000012766 Growth delay Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010053759 Growth retardation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910015030 LiNiCoO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 1
- UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt dinitrate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001981 cobalt nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ASKVAEGIVYSGNY-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(ii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Co+2] ASKVAEGIVYSGNY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000001 growth retardation Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- BFDHFSHZJLFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(ii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ni+2] BFDHFSHZJLFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003016 phosphoric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003746 solid phase reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenegermanium Chemical compound [Te]=[Ge] JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/80—Compounds containing nickel, with or without oxygen or hydrogen, and containing one or more other elements
- C01G53/82—Compounds containing nickel, with or without oxygen or hydrogen, and containing two or more other elements
-
- C01G53/006—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/485—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00177—Controlling or regulating processes controlling the pH
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- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
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- C01P2004/61—Micrometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 micrometer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
Description
도 7 내지 9는 본 발명의 일 실시예를 통해 제조된 양극활물질에 대한 도면들이다.
도 10 내지 도 13은 본 발명의 일 실시예를 통해 제조된 코인셀에 대한 도면들이다.
구분 | C-rate | 충방전용량 (mAh/g) |
쿨롱효율 (%) |
Rate 효율(%) (4C vs. 0.1C) |
Cycle 효율(%) (50th vs. 1st) |
실시예1 양극재 |
0.1C/0.1C | 219/202 | 92.2 | 71.2 | 96.7 |
0.5C/0.1C | 198/208 | 105.1 | |||
0.5C/0.2C | 202/199 | 98.5 | |||
0.5C/0.5C | 196/190 | 96.9 | |||
0.5C/1.0C | 188/183 | 97.3 | |||
0.5C/2.0C | 182/174 | 95.6 | |||
0.5C/4.0C | 173/148 | 85.5 | |||
실시예2 양극재 |
0.1C/0.1C | 225/195 | 86.7 | 74.1 | 92.6 |
0.5C/0.1C | 196/201 | 102.6 | |||
0.5C/0.2C | 202/196 | 97.0 | |||
0.5C/0.5C | 196/188 | 95.9 | |||
0.5C/1.0C | 189/182 | 96.3 | |||
0.5C/2.0C | 182/169 | 92.9 | |||
0.5C/4.0C | 170/149 | 87.6 | |||
비교예1 양극재 |
0.1C/0.1C | 207/176 | 85.0 | 77.3 | 68.5 |
0.5C/0.1C | 175/172 | 98.3 | |||
0.5C/0.2C | 171/163 | 95.3 | |||
0.5C/0.5C | 163/155 | 95.1 | |||
0.5C/1.0C | 156/150 | 96.2 | |||
0.5C/2.0C | 151/144 | 95.4 | |||
0.5C/4.0C | 145/133 | 91.7 |
Claims (17)
- 금속복합체의 제조 방법으로서,
제1 금속염 용액을 반응기에 투입하는 제1 단계;
서로 농도가 다른 두 가지 나노콜로이드 용액이 혼합된 제2 금속염 용액을 상기 반응기에 투입하는 제2 단계;
상기 반응기 내에 상기 제1 금속염 용액 및 상기 제2 금속염 용액을 혼합하여 혼합 용액을 제조하는 제3 단계;
상기 반응기 내에 상기 혼합 용액의 수소이온농도를 pH 10 이상으로 조절하는 제4 단계; 및
상기 제4 단계 후, 상기 혼합 용액을 거르고 세척 및 건조하는 제5 단계;를 포함하고,
상기 제1 금속염 용액은 니켈(Ni), 망간(Mn) 및 코발트(Co) 중에서 적어도 하나 이상을 포함하고,
상기 제2 금속염 용액은 알루미늄(Al), 게르마늄(Ge), 갈륨(Ga) 및 인듐(In) 중에서 적어도 하나 이상을 포함하며, 상기 두 가지 나노콜로이드 용액은 중심부 형성용 용액과 표면부 형성용 용액으로 나뉘며, 금속 복합체의 중심부로부터 표면부까지 상기 중심부 형성용 용액과 상기 표면부 형성용 용액의 혼합 비율이 100wt% : 0wt%에서 0wt% : 100wt%까지 변화하도록 상기 두 가지 나노콜로이드 용액을 혼합하여 상기 제 2 금속염 용액의 원소의 농도가 중심부로부터 표면부까지 연속적인 농도 구배를 갖는,
금속복합체의 제조 방법.
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 제1 금속염 용액 내의 금속염 농도는 1.5 M 내지 2.5 M 인 것을 특징으로 하는,
금속복합체의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 제2 금속염 용액 내의 금속염 농도는 0.01 M 내지 2.0 M 인 것을 특징으로 하는,
금속복합체의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 반응기 내부로 상기 제1 금속염 용액 및 상기 제2 금속염 용액을 투입하는 속도를 조절함으로써, 상기 반응기 내부에 상기 혼합 용액의 몰비를 조절하는 것을 특징으로 하는,
금속복합체의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 제4 단계는 수산화나트륨 용액 및 암모니아 수용액을 이용하는 것을 특징으로 하는,
금속복합체의 제조 방법.
- 금속복합체의 제조 방법으로서,
니켈(Ni) 및 코발트(Co)를 포함하는 제1 금속염 용액을 반응기에 투입하는 제1 단계;
상기 반응기에 알루미늄(Al)을 포함하며 서로 농도가 다른 두 가지 나노콜로이드 용액이 혼합된 제2 금속염 용액을 투입하는 제2 단계;
상기 반응기 내에 상기 제1 금속염 용액 및 상기 제2 금속염 용액을 혼합하여 혼합 용액을 제조하는 제3 단계;
수산화나트륨 용액 및 진한 암모니아 수용액을 이용하여 상기 반응기 내에 상기 혼합 용액의 수소이온농도를 pH 10 내지 pH 12로 조절하는 제4 단계; 및
상기 제4 단계 이후, 상기 혼합 용액을 거르고, 증류수 세척 및 120 ℃에서 건조하는 제5 단계를 포함하고,
상기 두 가지 나노콜로이드 용액은 중심부 형성용 용액과 표면부 형성용 용액으로 나뉘며, 금속 복합체의 중심부로부터 표면부까지 상기 중심부 형성용 용액과 상기 표면부 형성용 용액의 혼합 비율이 100wt% : 0wt%에서 0wt% : 100wt%까지 변화하도록 상기 두 가지 나노콜로이드 용액을 혼합하여 Al의 농도가 중심부로부터 표면부까지 연속적인 농도 구배를 갖는,
금속복합체의 제조 방법.
- 제8항에 있어서,
상기 제1 금속염 용액 및 제2 금속염 용액을 일정한 속도로 주입하여 상기 반응기 내부에 상기 혼합 용액의 몰비를 조절하는 것을 특징으로 하는,
금속복합체의 제조 방법.
- 상기 제1항, 제4항 내지 제9항 중 어느 한 항의 제조방법을 통해서 제조된 금속복합체를 준비하는 단계;
연속적인 금속 농도 구배를 갖는 상기 금속복합체를 리튬염과 혼합하여 혼합물을 제조하는 단계; 및
상기 혼합물을 500 ℃ 이상의 고온에서 5 시간 이상 소성시키는 단계;를 포함하는,
양극활물질의 제조 방법. - 삭제
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