KR101941525B1 - Stereoscopic image display device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a stereoscopic image display apparatus of a pattern retarder type in which a light shielding control layer is formed. A stereoscopic image display apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of subpixels arranged in a matrix, a black matrix for partitioning the subpixels, a plurality of subpixels arranged in parallel with the black matrix formed in the horizontal direction, And a light shielding control layer formed to have a width wider than the width of the black matrix formed, wherein the light shielding control layer is formed to overlap with a part of each of the sub pixels by a predetermined distance, The light is transmitted in the 2D mode in which the image data is supplied, and the light is blocked in the 3D mode in which the 3D image data is supplied.

Description

[0001] STEREOSCOPIC IMAGE DISPLAY DEVICE [0002]

The present invention relates to a stereoscopic image display apparatus of a pattern retarder type in which a light shielding control layer is formed.

The stereoscopic image display device is divided into a stereoscopic technique and an autostereoscopic technique. The binocular parallax method uses parallax images of right and left eyes with large stereoscopic effect, and both glasses and non-glasses are used, and both methods are practically used. In the spectacle method, there is a patterned retarder method in which a polarizing direction of a left-right parallax image is displayed on a direct-view type display device or a projector, and stereoscopic images are displayed using polarizing glasses. The eyeglass system has a shutter glasses system in which right and left parallax images are displayed in a time-division manner on a direct view type display device or a projector, and a stereoscopic image is implemented using liquid crystal shutter glasses. In the non-eyeglass system, an optical plate such as a parallax barrier or a lenticular lens is generally used to separate the optical axes of the right and left parallax images to realize a stereoscopic image.

1 is an exploded perspective view showing a stereoscopic image display apparatus of a pattern retarder system. 1, the pattern retarder stereoscopic image display apparatus uses a polarizing characteristic of a pattern retarder PR disposed on a display panel DIS and a polarizing characteristic of a polarizing glasses (PG) worn by a user Thereby realizing a stereoscopic image. The pattern retarder type stereoscopic image display apparatus displays a left eye image on odd (odd) lines L1 and L3 of the display panel DIS and displays a right eye image on even lines (L2 and L4) do. The left eye image of the display panel DIS passes through the left eye retarder PRL of the pattern retarder PR and is converted into the left eye polarized light and the right eye image passes through the right eye retarder PRR of the pattern retarder PR It is converted into right-eye polarized light. The left eye polarizing filter of the polarizing glasses PG passes only the left eye polarized light and the right eye polarizing filter passes only the right eye polarized light. Therefore, the user sees only the left eye image through the left eye, and only the right eye image through the right eye.

In order for the user to view an optimal stereoscopic image, the left eye image displayed on the odd number lines L1 and L3 must pass through the left eye retarder (PRL), and the right eye images displayed on the even number lines L2 and L4, The retarder (PRR) must pass. However, when the user views the stereoscopic image at an angle larger than a predetermined upper and lower viewing angles, the user will see an image going to the right eye retarder (PRR) among the left eye images displayed on the odd lines L1 and L3, (PRR) of the right-eye images displayed on the right and left eyes L2 and L4. In this case, the user sees both the left eye image and the right eye image through the left eye polarizing filter of the polarizing glasses (PG), and the left eye image and the right eye image are both viewed through the right eye polarizing filter. That is, the user feels a 3D crosstalk in which the left eye image and the right eye image overlap each other. As a result, the stereoscopic image display device of the pattern retarder method has a problem that the angle of view up and down which enables the user to view stereoscopic images due to 3D crosstalk is narrow.

On the other hand, this problem can be solved by forming a black stripe between the left eye retarder (PRL) and the right eye retarder (PRR) of the pattern retarder (PR). The black stripe interrupts the image proceeding to the right eye retarder PRR among the left eye images displayed on the odd number lines L1 and L3 and the right eye retarder PRR ) Of the image. Therefore, even if the user views the stereoscopic image at an angle larger than a predetermined upper / lower viewing angle, the stereoscopic image can be viewed without feeling 3D crosstalk. However, when the user views the 2D image, a part of the 2D image is blocked by the black stripe, so that the brightness of the 2D image is greatly reduced. That is, when the user views the 2D image, the 3D crosstalk does not matter, but the brightness of the 2D image is degraded due to the black stripe.

The present invention provides a stereoscopic image display device capable of reducing 3D crosstalk without degrading the luminance of a 2D image.

The stereoscopic image display apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of subpixels arranged in a matrix, a black matrix for partitioning the subpixels, a plurality of subpixels arranged in parallel with the black matrix formed in the horizontal direction, And a light shielding control layer formed to have a width wider than the width of the black matrix formed, wherein the light shielding control layer is formed to overlap with a part of each of the sub pixels by a predetermined distance, The light is transmitted in the 2D mode in which the image data is supplied, and the light is blocked in the 3D mode in which the 3D image data is supplied.

The present invention forms a light blocking layer for transmitting light in a 2D mode and blocking light in a 3D mode so as to have a width wider than a width of the black matrix in a lateral direction. As a result, since the light blocking layer is transparent in the 2D mode, the reduction of the brightness of the 2D image can be minimized. In addition, since the light blocking layer is blocked in the 3D mode, the present invention plays a role of a black stripe. Accordingly, even when a user views a stereoscopic image at an angle larger than a predetermined upper and lower viewing angles by a pattern retarder method, the stereoscopic image can be viewed without feeling 3D crosstalk.

1 is an exploded perspective view showing a three-dimensional image display device of a pattern retarder type.
2 is a block diagram schematically showing a stereoscopic image display apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is an exploded perspective view showing the display panel, pattern retarder, and polarizing glasses of FIG. 2 in detail;
4 is a plan view showing in detail a part of a display panel according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a plan view showing in detail a part of a display panel according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a plan view showing in detail a part of a display panel according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
7 is a sectional view taken along the line I-I 'of FIG. 4;
8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the light blocking layer of FIG. 7 in detail;
9 is a graph showing the light transmittance of the light blocking layer in the 2D mode and the 3D mode.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Reference will now be made in detail to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Like reference numerals throughout the specification denote substantially identical components. In the following description, a detailed description of known functions and configurations incorporated herein will be omitted when it may make the subject matter of the present invention rather unclear. The component name used in the following description may be selected in consideration of easiness of specification, and may be different from the actual product name.

2 is a block diagram schematically showing a stereoscopic image display apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing the display panel, pattern retarder, and polarizing glasses of FIG. 2 in detail. A stereoscopic image display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a liquid crystal display (LCD), a field emission display (FED), a plasma display panel (PDP), an organic light emitting diode (Organic Light Emitting Diode, OLED). Although the present invention has been described in the following embodiments, the stereoscopic image display device is implemented as a liquid crystal display device, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

2 and 3, the stereoscopic image display apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a display panel 10, polarizing glasses 20, a pattern retarder 30, a gate driving circuit 110, A timing controller 130, a host system 140, a voltage supply unit 150, and the like. The display panel 10 includes an upper substrate and a lower substrate facing each other with a liquid crystal layer interposed therebetween. The display panel 10 is formed with a pixel array including liquid crystal cells arranged in a matrix by the intersection structure of the data lines D and the gate lines G (or scan lines). Each of the liquid crystal cells of the pixel array drives the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal layer by a voltage difference between a pixel electrode through which a data voltage is charged through a TFT (Thin Film Transistor) and a common electrode to which a common voltage is applied, .

On the upper substrate of the display panel 10, a black matrix, a color filter, a light shielding control layer, and the like are formed. The common electrode is formed on the upper substrate in the case of a vertical electric field driving method such as a TN (Twisted Nematic) mode and a VA (Vertical Alignment) mode. The common electrode may be formed in the IPS (In-Plane Switching) mode and the FFS And is formed on the lower substrate together with the pixel electrode in the case of the horizontal electric field driving method. The liquid crystal mode of the display panel 10 may be implemented in any liquid crystal mode as well as a TN mode, a VA mode, an IPS mode, and an FFS mode. Although the present invention has been described by focusing on the liquid crystal mode of the display panel 10 being the IPS mode in the following embodiments, it should be noted that the present invention is not limited thereto.

The display panel 10 of the present invention can be implemented in any form such as a transmissive liquid crystal display panel, a transflective liquid crystal display panel, and a reflective liquid crystal display panel. In a transmissive liquid crystal display panel and a transflective liquid crystal display panel, a backlight unit is required. The backlight unit may be implemented as a direct type backlight unit or an edge type backlight unit.

An upper polarizer 11A is attached to the upper substrate of the display panel 10, and a lower polarizer 11B is attached to the lower substrate. An alignment film for setting a pre-tilt angle of liquid crystal is formed on the upper substrate and the lower substrate. A spacer is formed between the upper substrate and the lower substrate of the display panel 10 to maintain a cell gap of the liquid crystal layer.

As shown in FIG. 4, the display panel 10 displays 2D images on odd lines and even lines in 2D mode. The display panel 10 displays the left eye image (or the right eye image) on the odd number lines in the 3D mode and the right eye image (or the left eye image) on the even lines. In the 2D mode, a 2D image is displayed on the display panel 10, and a 3D image is displayed on the display panel 10 in the 3D mode. The image displayed on the pixels of the display panel 10 is incident on the patterned retarder 30 disposed on the display panel 10 through the upper polarizing film.

The pattern retarder 30 includes a first retarder 31 formed on the odd-numbered lines and a second retarder 32 formed on the even-numbered lines. The odd lines of the display panel 10 are opposed to the first retarder 31 and the even lines of the display panel 10 are opposed to the second retarder 32. [ The first retarder 31 converts light incident from the display panel 10 into first circularly polarized light. The second retarder 32 converts the light incident from the display panel 10 into second circularly polarized light. The polarizing glasses 20 transmit the second circularly polarized light converted by the first polarizing filter F1 and the second retarder 32 passing the first circularly polarized light converted by the first retarder 31 And a second polarizing filter F2.

For example, in the case of the three-dimensional image display device of the pattern retarder type, the left eye image displayed on the odd number lines of the display panel 10 is converted into the first circular polarized light by the first retarder 31, The right eye image displayed on the pixels of the second retarder 32 can be converted into the second circular polarized light. In this case, the first circularly polarized light passes through the first polarizing filter F1 of the polarizing glasses 20 to reach the left eye of the user, the second circularly polarized light reaches the second polarizing filter F2 of the polarizing glasses 20, And reaches the user's right eye. Therefore, the user sees only the left eye image through the left eye, and only the right eye image through the right eye.

The data driving circuit 120 includes a plurality of source drive integrated circuits (ICs). The source drive ICs convert the 2D image data (RGB2D) or the 3D image data (RGB3D) to the positive / negative gamma compensation voltages under the control of the timing controller 130 to generate positive / negative analog data voltages. Positive / negative polarity analog data voltages output from the source drive ICs are supplied to the data lines D of the display panel 10.

The gate driving circuit 110 sequentially supplies gate pulses to the gate lines G of the display panel 10 under the control of the timing controller 130. The gate driver 110 may be composed of a plurality of gate drive integrated circuits each including a shift register, a level shifter for converting an output signal of the shift register into a swing width suitable for TFT driving of the liquid crystal cell, have.

The timing controller 130 receives 2D image data (RGB2D) or 3D image data (RGB3D), timing signals, and a mode signal (MODE) from the host system 140. The timing signals may include a vertical synchronization signal, a horizontal synchronization signal, a data enable signal, a clock signal, and the like. The mode signal MODE is a signal indicating the 2D mode or the 3D mode.

The timing controller 130 supplies a gate control signal GCS for controlling the gate driving circuit 110 based on the 2D image data RGB2D or 3D image data RGB3D, the timing signals, and the mode signal MODE And generates a data control signal DCS for controlling the data driving circuit 120. The timing controller 130 supplies the gate control signal GCS to the gate driving circuit 110. [ The timing controller 130 supplies the 2D video data RGB2D or the 3D video data RGB3D and the data control signal DCS to the data driving circuit 120. [

The host system 140 has a scaler for converting the 2D image data RGB2D or 3D image data RGB3D input from the external video source device into a data format suitable for display on the display panel 10 And may include an embedded System on Chip. In addition, the host system 140 may include a 3D formatter for converting the 3D image data (RGB3D) in the 3D mode according to the 3D format of the stereoscopic image. For example, the 3D formatter may be configured to arrange left eye image data in odd number lines according to a pattern retarder method, and to output right eye image data in even number lines.

The host system 140 supplies the 2D image data RGB2D or the 3D image data RGB3D to the timing controller 130 through an interface such as a Low Voltage Differential Signaling (LVDS) interface or a TMDS (Transition Minimized Differential Signaling) interface . In addition, the host system 140 supplies timing signals, a mode signal (MODE), and the like to the timing controller 130. In addition, the host system 140 supplies the mode signal MODE to the voltage supply unit 150.

The voltage supply unit 150 supplies the common voltage Vcom to the common electrode of the display panel 10 and supplies the light blocking control voltage Vlc to the light blocking control layer in accordance with the mode signal MODE. The voltage supplier 150 supplies the light interception control voltage Vlc to the light interception control layer in the 2D mode and does not supply the light interception control voltage Vlc to the light interception control layer in the 3D mode. Hereinafter, the light blocking layer will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 4 to 9. FIG.

4 is a plan view showing a part of a display panel according to the first embodiment of the present invention in detail. 4 shows a part of the sub pixels 211, 212 and 213 of the display panel 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 4, each of the pixels 210 of the display panel 10 includes a first sub-pixel 211, a second sub-pixel 212, and a third sub-pixel 213. For example, the first subpixel 211 may be implemented as a red subpixel, the second subpixel 212 as a green subpixel, and the third subpixel 213 as a blue subpixel. Each of the first to third sub-pixels 211, 212 and 213 is partitioned by a black matrix 220. The black matrix 220 formed in the horizontal direction (x-axis direction) divides sub-pixels neighboring each other in the vertical direction (y-axis direction). For example, the first sub-pixel 211 of the odd numbered line Lodd and the first sub-pixel 211 of the even numbered line Leven are partitioned by the black matrix 220 formed in the horizontal direction (x-axis direction) . In addition, the black matrix 220 formed in the longitudinal direction (y-axis direction) divides sub-pixels neighboring each other in the horizontal direction (x-axis direction). For example, the first sub-pixel 211 and the second sub-pixel 212 are partitioned by a black matrix 220 formed in the vertical direction (y-axis direction).

The light blocking layer 230 is formed in parallel with the black matrix 220 formed in the lateral direction (x-axis direction). The width W1 of the light shielding control layer 230 is formed to be wider than the width W2 of the black matrix 220 formed in the lateral direction (x axis direction). The light shielding control layer 230 is formed to overlap with a part of each of the subpixels by a predetermined distance. In particular, the light blocking layer 230 is formed to overlap with a part of any one of the sub-pixels adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction (y-axis direction) by a predetermined distance. For example, the light blocking control layer 230 may be formed to overlap with a part of upper sub-pixels adjacent to each other in the vertical direction (y-axis direction) by a predetermined distance as shown in FIG. That is, the light shielding control layer 230 is disposed between the first subpixel 211 of the odd-numbered line Lodd and the first subpixel 211 of the odd-numbered line Lodd which is the upper subpixel of the first subpixel 211 of the even- And is formed to overlap with a part of the subpixel 211 by a predetermined distance. On the other hand, the predetermined interval can be predetermined in consideration of the aperture ratio of the sub-pixel, 3D crosstalk, and the like. For example, there is a disadvantage that the aperture ratio of the subpixel becomes smaller in the 3D mode as the predetermined interval is wider, but the 3D crosstalk can be further reduced.

As a result, since the light shielding control layer 230 is in the transmission state in the 2D mode, the reduction of the luminance of the 2D image can be minimized. In addition, the light shielding control layer 230 blocks an image progressing to the second retarder 32 of the left eye image (or right eye image) displayed on odd-numbered lines such as a black stripe in the 3D mode, (Or the left eye image) of the displayed right eye image (or the left eye image) to the first retarder 31. Therefore, even when a user views a stereoscopic image at an angle larger than a predetermined upper and lower viewing angles by a pattern retarder method, the stereoscopic image can be viewed without feeling 3D crosstalk.

5 is a plan view showing in detail a part of a display panel according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The light blocking layer 230 may be formed to overlap with a portion of the lower sub-pixels adjacent to each other in the vertical direction (y-axis direction) by a predetermined distance as shown in FIG. That is, the light shielding control layer 230 is disposed between the first subpixel 211 of the odd line Lodd and the first subpixel 211 of the even line (Leven) And is formed to overlap with a part of the subpixel 211 by a predetermined distance. In addition to this, another description of the light-shielding control layer 230 is as described with reference to FIG.

6 is a plan view showing a part of a display panel according to a third embodiment of the present invention in detail. The light shielding control layer 230 may be formed to overlap with a part of each of the sub-pixels adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction (y-axis direction) by a predetermined distance as shown in FIG. That is, the light blocking layer 230 is formed to overlap with the first sub-pixel 211 of the odd line Lodd and the first sub-pixel 211 of the even line Leven by a predetermined distance. In addition to this, another description of the light-shielding control layer 230 is as described with reference to FIG.

7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line I-I 'of FIG. 7, the display panel 10 includes a lower substrate 301, an upper substrate 310, and a liquid crystal layer 320 interposed between the lower substrate 301 and the upper substrate 310. A gate metal pattern such as a gate line 302 is formed on the lower substrate 301 and a gate insulating film 303 is formed to cover the lower substrate 301 and the gate metal pattern. A thin film transistor (not shown) is formed on the gate insulating film 303 by patterning a semiconductor pattern (not shown) and a source drain metal pattern (not shown). A protective film 304 covering the gate insulating film 303, the semiconductor pattern (not shown), and the source drain metal pattern (not shown) is formed. A pixel electrode 305 and a common electrode 306 are formed on the protective film 304 in parallel with each other. 7, the liquid crystal mode is implemented in the IPS mode. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. In the IPS mode, a horizontal electric field is formed by forming the pixel electrode 305 and the common electrode 306 on the same plane.

A black matrix 311 is patterned on the upper substrate 310 and color filters 312 are formed on the upper substrate 310 and the black matrix 311. In addition, a planarizing layer 313 covering the color filters 312 is formed. On the planarization layer 313, a light blocking layer 314 is formed. The width W1 of the light shielding control layer 314 is formed to be wider than the width W2 of the black matrix 220 formed in the lateral direction (x-axis direction).

8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the light blocking layer of FIG. 7 in detail. 8, the light shielding control layer 314 includes a transparent electrode layer 401, an ion storage layer 402, a solid electrolyte layer 403, an ion implantation layer 404, and a light blocking switching layer 405 . The light blocking control layer 314 maintains the transmission state in the 2D mode and the blocking state in the 3D mode by using the principle of electrochromism. The electrochromism refers to a phenomenon in which the color reversibly changes in the direction of the electric field when a voltage is applied to the light blocking layer 314. The light blocking layer 314 switches the transmissive state and the blocking state using a colorless cathodic coloration in which a color appears in a reduced state and a color disappears in an oxidized state.

The transparent electrode layer 401 is supplied with the light blocking control voltage Vlc from the voltage supplier 150. The transparent electrode layer 401 may be formed of a transparent conductive layer having electrical conductivity such as ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) or IZO (Indium Zinc Oxide). An ion storage layer 402 is formed on the transparent electrode layer 401. The ion storage layer 402 includes an electrochromic material capable of reversibly changing the optical characteristics of the material by electrochemical oxidation and reduction reactions. The electrochromic material of the ion storage layer 402 is ion-decomposed by the light shielding control voltage Vlc of the transparent electrode layer 401. [ The electrochromic material may be implemented in any one of H _x WO ₃ , H _x MoO ₃ , and H _x TiO ₃ . For example, when the electrochromic material is H _x WO ₃ , H _x WO ₃ is ion-decomposed by the light blocking control voltage Vlc of the transparent electrode layer 401 as shown in Formula (1).

Referring to Formula 1, H _x WO ₃ is a reduced state in which a color appears, and WO ₃ is an oxidation state in which a color disappears. As a result, the electrochromic material of the ion storage layer 402 becomes an oxidized state when the light shielding control voltage Vlc is supplied to the transparent electrode layer 401, Vlc) is not supplied, a reduced state appears and a color appears. That is, when the light shielding control voltage Vlc is supplied to the transparent electrode layer 401 in the 2D mode, the electrochromic material of the ion storage layer 402 becomes an oxidized state and becomes colorless, so that it becomes a transparent state for transmitting light . If the light shielding control voltage Vlc is not supplied to the transparent electrode layer 401 in the 3D mode, the electrochromic material of the ion storage layer 402 becomes a reduced state, and a color appears, do.

A solid electrolyte layer 403 is formed on the ion storage 402 layer. The solid electrolyte layer 403 transfers ionized hydrogen ions from the ion storage layer 402 to the ion implantation layer 404. The solid electrolyte layer 403 may be formed of a Ta ₂ O ₅ film. An ion implantation layer 404 is formed on the solid electrolyte layer 403. [ The ion implantation layer 404 injects hydrogen ions transferred through the solid electrolyte layer 403 into the light blocking switching layer 405. The ion implantation layer 404 may be formed of a Pd (Palladium) thin film. A light blocking switching layer 405 is formed on the ion implanted layer 404. The light blocking switching layer 405 may be formed of a Mg-Ti thin film or a Mg-Ni thin film. For example, when the light blocking switching layer 405 is formed of a Mg-Ti thin film, a reaction occurs in which Mg and Ti bond to hydrogen ions in the Mg-Ti thin film as shown in Chemical Formula 2 and Chemical Formula 3.

Referring to Formula 2, when a hydrogen ion (H ⁺ ) is implanted into a Mg-Ti thin film, Mg _y Ti _{1 -y} of the Mg-Ti thin film is combined with a hydrogen ion (H ⁺ ) to form a hydride Mg _y Ti _{1 - y} H _x . Referring to Formula (3), when a hydrogen ion (H ⁺ ) is implanted into a Mg-Ti thin film, Mg of the Mg-Ti thin film is combined with a hydrogen ion (H ⁺ ) to form a hydride Mg ₂ H ₂ . As a result, when the hydrogen ion (H ⁺ ) is implanted into the Mg-Ti thin film, Mg and Ti of the Mg-Ti thin film become hydrides due to the reaction with the hydrogen ion (H ⁺ The film is in a transmissive state transmitting light. In addition, when hydrogen ion (H ⁺ ) is not injected into the Mg-Ti thin film, Mg and Ti are formed by the reaction of hydrogen ion (H ⁺ ) separation from the hydride of the Mg- The thin film becomes a blocking state for blocking light. As a result, when hydrogen ions are implanted from the ion-implanted layer 404, the metal materials of the light-blocking switching layer 405 are combined with hydrogen ions to form hydrides, so that the light-blocking switching layer 405 is in a transmissive state . In addition, if hydrogen ions are not implanted from the ion-implanted layer 404, the metal materials of the light-blocking switching layer 405 do not bond with hydrogen ions, so that the light-blocking switching layer 405 is shielded by metal materials .

On the other hand, when the light-shielding switching layer 405 is formed of a Mg-Ti thin film, it is preferable that Mg is composed of 83% to 93% and Ti is composed of 7% to 17%. In this case, the sum of the ratios of Mg and Ti should be 100%. When the Mg-Ti thin film is formed within the above-mentioned ratio range, the transmittance of the transmissive state is higher than other numerical values, and the switching speed between the transmissive state and the cut-off state can be increased. In particular, the higher the ratio of Mg is, the higher the transmittance of the transparent state is, and the higher the ratio of Ti is, the more the switching speed between the transparent state and the blocking state can be increased. The ratio of Mg to Ti in the Mg-Ti thin film can be determined in advance through a preliminary experiment in consideration of the transmissivity of the transmissive state and the switching speed between the transmissive state and the blocking state.

When the light-shielding switching layer 405 is formed of a Mg-Ni thin film, it is preferable that Mg and Mg are 80% and 20%, respectively. When the Mg-Ni thin film is formed at the above ratio, the transmittance is higher in the transparent state than in the other numerical values.

On the other hand, a buffer layer (not shown) may be formed between the solid electrolyte layer 403 and the ion implantation layer 404. The buffer layer (not shown) functions to block a material capable of oxidizing the metal materials of the light blocking switching layer 405. The buffer layer (not shown) may be formed of an Al thin film.

9 is a graph showing the light transmittance of the light blocking layer in the 2D mode and the 3D mode. Referring to FIG. 9, the x-axis represents time (seconds), and the y-axis represents the transmittance (%) of the transmissive state of the light blocking control layer 314. In Fig. 9, the 10s to 70s period is implemented in 2D mode, and the 70s to 120s period is implemented in 3D mode. When the light shielding control voltage Vlc is supplied to the transparent electrode layer 401 of the light blocking layer 314 in the 2D mode, the electrochromic material of the ion storage layer 402 is oxidized to lose color, And the metal materials of the light shielding switching layer 405 are combined with hydrogen ions to form a hydride, thereby being in a transmitting state. That is, in the 2D mode, the light blocking layer 314 is in the transmitting state for transmitting light. If the light shielding control voltage Vlc is not supplied to the transparent electrode layer 401 of the light blocking layer 314 in the 3D mode, the electrochromic material of the ion storage layer 402 is in a reduced state, And the metal materials of the light shielding switching layer 405 are not bonded to the hydrogen ions, so that they are in a blocking state. That is, in the 3D mode, the light blocking layer 314 becomes a blocking state for blocking light.

9, this light blocking switching layer 405 was carried out an experiment using the Mg _{0 .88} Ti _{0 .12 0 .80} Ni thin film and the Mg _{0 .20} thin film. Mg _{0 .88} Ti _{0 .12} thin film means that Mg is composed of 88% and Ti is composed of 12%, Mg _{0 .80} Ni _{0 .20} thin film has a ratio of Mg 80% and Ni 20% . The Mg _{0 .88} Ti _{0 .12} thin film showed a transmittance of about 36% in the 2D mode and completely blocked the light at 0% transmittance in the 3D mode. The Mg _{0 .80} Ni _{0 .20} thin film showed a transmittance of about 46% in the 2D mode and almost blocked the light with a transmittance of less than 2% in the 3D mode.

As described above, according to the present invention, a light blocking layer for transmitting light in a 2D mode and blocking light in a 3D mode is formed in parallel with a black matrix formed in a lateral direction, The width of the black matrix is larger than the width of the black matrix formed of the second electrode. As a result, since the light blocking layer is transparent in the 2D mode, the reduction of the brightness of the 2D image can be minimized. Also, since the light blocking layer is blocked in the 3D mode, the present invention plays a role of a black stripe. Accordingly, even when a user views a stereoscopic image at an angle larger than a predetermined upper and lower viewing angles by a pattern retarder method, the stereoscopic image can be viewed without feeling 3D crosstalk.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention should not be limited to the details described in the detailed description, but should be defined by the claims.

10: display panel 20: polarizing glasses
30: pattern retarder 31: first retarder
32: second retarder 110: gate drive circuit
120: Data driving circuit 130: Timing controller
140: host system 150: voltage supply unit
210: pixel 211: first sub-pixel
212: second subpixel 213: third subpixel
220: black matrix 230, 314: light blocking control layer
401: transparent electrode layer 402: ion storage layer
403: solid electrolyte layer 404: ion implantation layer
405: light blocking switching layer

Claims (14)

A liquid crystal display device comprising: a lower substrate including a plurality of sub-pixels arranged in a matrix; a black matrix partitioning the sub-pixels; And a top substrate having a light shielding control layer formed to have a width,
Wherein the light shielding control layer is formed to overlap with a part of each of the subpixels in the upper substrate by a predetermined distance and maintains a transmissive state for transmitting light in a 2D mode in which a 2D image is displayed on the display panel, A blocking state for blocking the light is maintained in a 3D mode in which a 3D image is displayed on a display panel,
A transparent electrode layer receiving a light blocking control voltage only in the 2D mode;
An ion storage layer in which the electrochromic material is ion-decomposed when the light blocking control voltage is supplied to the transparent electrode layer;
A solid electrolyte layer for transferring ion-decomposed hydrogen ions from the ion storage layer;
An ion implantation layer for implanting the hydrogen ions transferred from the solid electrolyte layer;
When the hydrogen ions are injected from the ion-implanted layer, the metal materials are combined with the hydrogen ions to form hydrides, thereby maintaining the permeation state. If the hydrogen ions are not injected from the ion-implanted layer, And a light blocking switching layer for maintaining the cut-off state. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the light blocking layer comprises:
Wherein switching between the transmissive state and the blocking state is performed by using a reductive coloring in which a color appears in a reduced state and a color disappears in an oxidized state. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the light blocking layer comprises:
Pixels are overlapped with a part of any one of the subpixels adjacent to each other in the vertical direction by a predetermined interval. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the light blocking layer comprises:
Pixels are overlapped with a part of each of sub-pixels adjacent to each other in a longitudinal direction by a predetermined distance. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the light blocking layer comprises:
Wherein the black matrix is formed on the planarization layer covering the black matrix and the color filters in the upper substrate. 3. The method of claim 2,
And a voltage supply unit for supplying the light blocking control voltage to the light blocking control layer in the 2D mode and not supplying the light blocking control voltage to the light blocking control layer in the 3D mode. delete The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the ion storage layer comprises:
When the light blocking control voltage is supplied to the transparent electrode layer, the electrochromic material becomes an oxidized state and becomes colorless to be in the transparent state. If the light blocking control voltage is not supplied to the transparent electrode layer, And the color is displayed in the cutoff state. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the light blocking layer comprises:
And a buffer layer formed between the solid electrolyte layer and the ion-implanted layer to block the oxidizable substance. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the electrochromic material is one of H _x WO ₃ , H _x MoO ₃ , and H _x TiO ₃ . The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the light blocking switching layer is formed of a Mg-Ti thin film or a Mg-Ni thin film. 12. The method of claim 11,
Wherein the ratio of Mg to Ti is 83% to 93%, Ti is 7% and 17%, and the sum of Mg and Ti is 100%. 12. The method of claim 11,
Wherein a ratio of Mg is 80% and Ni is 20%. The method according to claim 1,
A first retarder that is opposed to the subpixels arranged in odd-numbered lines of the display panel and converts light incident from the display panel into first circularly polarized light; And a second retarder opposed to the pixels and converting light incident from the display panel into second circular polarized light; And
And a polarizing glass including a first polarizing filter for passing the first circularly polarized light and a second polarizing filter for passing the second circularly polarized light.

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