KR101929253B1 - Solar Cell Panel with Heatsink Layer - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a photovoltaic panel with a heat dissipation layer to increase generating efficiency. The photovoltaic panel comprises a photovoltaic cell layer (15), an upper portion sealing layer (13), a glass layer (12), a lower portion sealing layer (16), a back sheet layer (17), and a heat dissipation layer (20).

Description

A solar panel having a heat dissipation layer (Solar Cell Panel with Heatsink Layer)

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a solar panel that generates electricity using solar light, and more particularly, to a solar panel that efficiently discharges heat of a solar cell, To a solar panel having a heat dissipation layer for improving power generation efficiency.

Energy is derived from fossil fuels worldwide, but its reserves are limited and environmental pollution is occurring due to the increase of carbon dioxide or acid pollutants resulting from the use of fossil fuels. Due to the disadvantages of these fossil energies, we are developing alternative energies centered on developed countries, and we are spreading the use of renewable energy, which is infinite and renewable energy among alternative energies. Among them, solar energy, which is attracting attention, is actively conducting research on solar power generation systems in various countries with high density of solar power generation. As a result of these research activities, the supply of renewable energy has been abused and the PV system is installed in many countries and is in operation.

Recently, the research direction for utilization of PV system is to reduce system price and improve efficiency. In consumer aspect, it is interested in improvement of power generation efficiency and stable operation. One of the factors affecting efficiency in such photovoltaic systems is fever.

Generally, the output of the solar cell is higher and the terminal voltage of the solar cell is increased as the irradiation amount of sunlight is higher at the same temperature of the solar cell. When the operating temperature of the solar cell increases, the output of the solar cell decreases and the voltage across the solar cell decreases.

Specifically, the change in the power generation capacity of the solar panel according to the temperature change is shown in Table 1 below.

That is, when the temperature of the solar panel is 25 ° C, the electricity generation capacity per hour is the maximum, and then the electricity generation capacity per hour decreases every time the temperature rises. In other words, when the temperature of the solar panel increases to 50 ° C, the power generation capacity per hour decreases by 5.56%, and when the temperature of the solar panel reaches 80 ° C, the power generation capacity per hour decreases by about 11.95% It is very important to keep the panel temperature at an appropriate level.

In addition, even under the same conditions, there is a characteristic that the terminal voltage of the maximum output point must be maintained in order to obtain the maximum output under the same conditions because the output voltage changes as shown in Fig. 1 depending on the terminal voltage. This control is called "Maximun Power Point Tracking (MPPT)" and various controls including MPPT control are performed to increase the power generation efficiency of the solar power generation system.

However, in spite of various control for improving the efficiency of such solar cell, in the case of summer or sunny noon, the light amount is the maximum, but the temperature is high and the actual generation amount can not be avoided.

Therefore, it is necessary to efficiently emit heat generated from the solar panel to prevent the temperature from rising.

For reference, Figure 1 is a diagram showing the temperature and the characteristic curve of a solar cell according to the amount of light, temperature 80 ℃, 25 ℃, about -20 ℃ each dose ^{1000W / m 2 ~ 100W / m} 2 to the green is divided into 10 steps will be. Referring to FIG. 1, it can be seen that the power generation increases as the solar power increases and the temperature decreases.

Meanwhile, as a result of investigation of the prior art related to the present invention, a large number of patent documents have been searched and some of them will be described as follows.

Patent Document 1 discloses a structure in which a main body is mounted on a roof; A solar cell panel disposed on a bottom surface of the main body; A temperature sensor installed on the solar panel to measure temperature; And a cooling means for cooling the solar panel by forcing the cooling fluid to flow between the solar panel and the bottom surface of the main body, and a solar energy collector using the solar panel module.

Patent Documents 2 and 3 disclose a solar cell module comprising: a coolant supply unit for supplying coolant to a cooling channel of a solar cell panel; A thermoelectric conversion cooling unit for cooling the refrigerant through heat exchange with the thermoelectric element; And a controller for controlling the temperature of the high-temperature refrigerant to be supplied to the refrigerant supply unit when the temperature of the high-temperature refrigerant heated and discharged from the cooling channel of the solar cell panel is lower than the reference temperature, A solar panel cooling system capable of minimizing the energy consumed in cooling the solar panel and improving the power generation efficiency of the power generation system using the solar panel,

Patent Document 4 proposes a structure in which a heat radiating plate having a good thermal conductivity is attached to a solar cell module to form a structure for quickly performing a heat flow or a cooling plate is attached to a solar cell module to utilize the heat absorbing and generating operation of the cooling plate And the temperature of the solar cell module can be lowered by the combined operation of the heat sink and the cooling plate or by the individual operation of the solar cell module cooling device.

KR 10-0867655 B1 KR 10-1651651 B1 KR 10-2016-0144842 A KR 10-1600554 B1

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above problems occurring in the prior art, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a solar cell module, Which can stabilize the power generation efficiency of the solar panel by suppressing the temperature rise of the solar panel, and significantly improve the power generation amount.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a solar cell module comprising: a solar cell layer including a plurality of solar cells electrically connected to produce electricity using solar light; An upper sealing layer formed on the solar cell layer and made of a transparent material so as to protect the solar cell; A glass layer laminated on the upper sealing layer so as to transmit sunlight and protect the upper sealing layer; A lower sealing layer laminated on the lower portion of the solar cell layer to protect the solar cell; A back sheet layer laminated on the lower portion of the lower sealing layer to protect the solar cell from external environment; And a heat dissipation layer formed on a bottom surface of the back sheet layer to emit heat generated in the solar cell,

The heat dissipation layer is formed by spraying or printing a carbonaceous material on the bottom surface of the back sheet layer,

Wherein the carbonaceous material comprises 1 to 20 wt% of carbon nanotubes having a particle size of 10 to 30 nm, 1 to 20 wt% of graphene having a particle size of 2 to 20 nm, 5 to 20 wt% of an organic modified polysiloxane (AFCONA) And 50 to 80 wt%. These compositions are mixed, homogenized through liquefied nitrogen and dispersed by ultrasonic waves, and then condensed while stirring. Then, a thermosetting resin and a curing agent are added to the condensed material, followed by mixing In addition,

A through hole is formed in the back sheet layer at a position corresponding to the solar cell of the solar cell layer, a carbonaceous material forming the heat dissipation layer is filled in the through hole to form a columnar heat transfer portion, Layer and the heat transfer part are integrated so that the heat of the solar cell is transferred to the heat dissipation layer through the plurality of heat transfer parts.

According to the solar panel having the heat-radiating layer of the present invention, the heat-curing of the heat-radiating layer is performed by one of room temperature curing, ultraviolet curing, and thermosetting.

According to the solar panel having the heat dissipation layer of the present invention, a plurality of through holes corresponding to the through holes formed in the back sheet layer are formed in the bottom seal layer, and the heat transfer portion is formed in the through- As shown in FIG.

In addition, according to the solar panel having the heat-radiating layer of the present invention, the carbon-based material may further include a water-proofing material to prevent moisture from flowing into the bottom sealing layer.

The solar panel having the heat-radiating layer according to the present invention discharges the heat generated from the solar cells in the solar cell during the solar power generation to the outside through the heat-releasing layer, so that the temperature of the solar cell layer Of the solar cell can be prevented from rising sharply and the stability and the power generation efficiency of the solar cell can be remarkably improved.

According to the solar panel having the heat-radiating layer of the present invention, the carbon-based material obtained by mixing the carbon nanotubes with the graphene, the organic modified polysiloxane, and the ethyl alcohol, and then adding the thermosetting resin and the curing agent, The heat radiation effect is improved as well as the heat radiation layer is easily formed on the back sheet layer.

In addition, according to the solar panel having the heat dissipation layer of the present invention, since the column-shaped heat transfer portions provided in the back sheet layer and the lower seal layer are integrally connected to the heat dissipation layer, heat generated in the solar battery cells is dissipated So that it is possible to prevent the temperature of the solar cell layer including the solar cells from rising excessively.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a view showing solar cell characteristic curves according to temperature and light amount. FIG.
2 is an exploded perspective view of a solar panel according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a side cross-sectional view of the solar panel of Fig. 2 when viewed in the A direction after being cut at line AA in Fig.
4 is an exploded perspective view showing a modification of the solar panel according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a side cross-sectional view of the solar panel of Fig. 4 when viewed in the A direction after being cut at line AA in Fig.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings showing embodiments of the present invention.

In the following description of the present invention, detailed description of known functions and configurations incorporated herein will be omitted when it may make the subject matter of the present invention rather unclear.

Embodiments in accordance with the concepts of the present invention can make various changes and have various forms, so that specific embodiments are illustrated in the drawings and described in detail in this specification or application. It should be understood, however, that the embodiments according to the concepts of the present invention are not intended to be limited to any particular mode of disclosure, but rather all variations, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the present invention.

It is to be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "connected" to another element, it may be directly connected or connected to the other element, . On the other hand, when an element is referred to as being "directly connected" or "directly connected" to another element, it should be understood that there are no other elements in between. Other expressions that describe the relationship between components, such as "between" and "between" or "neighboring to" and "directly adjacent to" should be interpreted as well.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In this specification, the terms "comprises ", or" having ", or the like, specify that there is a stated feature, number, step, operation, , Steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof, as a matter of principle.

FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the solar panel according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of the solar panel of FIG. 2 viewed from the direction A after cutting along line A-A of FIG.

2 and 3, a solar cell panel 1 having a heat-radiating layer according to the present invention has a solar cell layer 15 positioned at an intermediate portion of the frame 11 as a center, The lower sealing layer 16 and the back sheet layer 17 are laminated on the lower side and the heat radiation layer 20 is formed on the lower side of the back sheet layer 17, .

The solar cell layer 15 is formed by electrically connecting a plurality of solar cells 14 that produce electricity using solar light, and a plurality of solar cells 14 form a group and are connected in series And is electrically connected to the junction box 30 for outputting the generated power to the outside.

The glass layer 12 transmits sunlight to the solar cell layer 15 and protects the solar panel 1 as well as foreign substances such as pollutants and moisture are introduced into the inside of the solar panel 1 It is preferable to be made of a heat-resistant tempered glass plate so as not to be damaged by impact and to be deformed by heat.

The upper sealing layer 13 and the lower sealing layer 16 are provided to protect the solar cell layer 15 from external impact and smoothly absorb sunlight to improve power generation efficiency. It is necessary to have a high adhesive property for the adhesion with the layer 17, a high light transmittance as well as flexibility. Therefore, it is preferable to use ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) which satisfies these properties.

The back sheet layer 17 is a material for forming the rear surface of the solar panel 1 and is formed by covering the solar cell layer 15 including a plurality of solar cells 14 with a cold weather, . ≪ / RTI > The EVA forming the upper sealing layer 13 and the lower sealing layer 16 of the solar panel 1 is highly reactive with water and reacts with water when exposed to moisture. As a result, the light transmittance of the upper sealing layer 13 and the lower sealing layer 16 is lowered, and the efficiency is lowered because there is less light reaching the solar cell 14. Further, the strength of the upper sealing layer 13 and the lower sealing layer 16 which have reacted with water is weakened, so that they are exposed to an external impact, and moisture may penetrate and corrosion of the wiring may occur. Accordingly, the back sheet layer 17 is made of polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), which is a water-resistant fluorine-based film, on both sides of a PET (polyethylene terephthalate) material so as to have a waterproof property for blocking moisture such as moisture introduced from the outside. Vinyl fluoride resin) film are adhered to each other to produce a single back sheet product. Here, the PVF has an excellent electrical property and prevents power loss due to unnecessary resistance.

The heat dissipation layer 20 is formed on the bottom surface of the back sheet layer 17 so as to emit heat generated in the solar cell 14 and is formed on the bottom surface of the back sheet layer 17 Spray coating or printing, and then cured. Here, the thickness of the heat dissipation layer 20 is preferably 20 to 50 占 퐉. If the thickness of the heat dissipation layer 20 is less than 20 占 퐉, the heat dissipation effect is weak, and even if the thickness exceeds 50 占 퐉, the increase in the heat dissipation effect is weak. When the heat dissipation layer 20 is cured, various methods such as room temperature curing, ultraviolet curing or thermal curing may be used.

In addition, through holes 17 'are formed in the back sheet layer 17 at positions corresponding to the solar cell 14 of the solar cell layer 15, and carbon-based It is preferable that the material is filled in each of the through holes 17 'to form the heat transfer portion 25 in a columnar shape. Accordingly, the heat dissipation layer 20 and the heat transfer portion 25 are integrated to transfer the heat of the solar cell 14 to the heat dissipation layer 20 through the plurality of heat transfer portions 25.

The heat transfer parts 25 are formed by laminating the lower sealing layer 16 on the upper side of the lower sealing layer 16 and the back sheet layer 17 and then drilling the position where the heat transfer parts 25 are to be formed, A solar cell layer 15, an upper sealing layer 13 and a glass layer 12 are sequentially stacked on the lower sealing layer 16 and laminated to form a solar cell panel. Then, It is preferable that the panel 3 is formed by spraying or printing a carbonaceous material on the bottom surface of the back sheet layer 20 by vibrating the panel 3 and then curing it by one of ordinary temperature, ultraviolet ray or thermosetting Do.

On the other hand, the carbon-based material may include 1 to 20 wt% of carbon nanotubes having a particle size of 10 to 30 nm, 1 to 20 wt% of graphene having a particle size of 2 to 20 nm, 5 to 20 wt% of organic modified polysiloxane, 80 wt%. The carbon-based material is prepared by mixing these compositions, homogenizing them through a liquefied nitrogen, dispersing them by ultrasonication, condensing them with stirring, adding a thermosetting resin and a curing agent to the condensed material, mixing them in an adhesive mixer . At this time, it is preferable that the carbon-based material is further mixed with a waterproof material so as to prevent water from flowing into the lower sealing layer 16.

The carbon nanotube is a spiral material having a net structure in which six carbon atoms are formed into a hexagonal shape and then formed into a tube shape, and has a three-dimensional structure. When the particle size of the carbon nanotubes for forming the heat dissipation layer 20 is less than 10 nm, the heat conduction in the heat dissipation layer is not properly performed and the heat dissipation effect is improved. Fall off.

This will be described in detail as follows. The carbon nanotubes having a particle size of less than 10 nm are not sufficiently dispersed by the organic modified polysiloxane and ethyl alcohol as dispersing materials, and the material itself remains in a lump shape. If the carbon nanotubes are left in a lump shape without being dispersed, the heat conduction is not properly performed. Therefore, it is preferable that the particle size of the carbon nanotubes is 10 nm as the lower limit. When the particle size of the carbon nanotubes exceeds 30 nm, the intergranular spacing becomes large and the thermal conductivity lowers and the heat dissipation effect deteriorates. Therefore, the upper limit of the particle size is preferably 30 nm.

When the carbon nanotube is added in an amount of less than 1 wt%, the heat radiation effect is weak, so that the lower limit is preferably 1 wt%. As the amount of carbon nanotubes increases, the heat radiation effect is improved. However, when the amount of carbon nanotubes is more than 20 wt%, the heat radiation effect is lowered. This is because the amount of dispersant composed of organic modified polysiloxane and ethyl alcohol is reduced due to the content of carbon nanotubes, and carbon nanotubes are not dispersed properly. Therefore, the amount of the carbon nanotubes to be added is preferably 20 wt% as the upper limit.

The graphene is a material having six carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal honeycomb shape and arranged in a two-dimensional planar shape, and is characterized in that it is much thinner than the carbon nanotubes described above. The smaller the particle size of the added graphene is, the better the heat dissipation effect is. However, if the graphene particle size is less than 2 nm, the heat conduction in the heat dissipation layer is not properly performed and the heat dissipation effect is lowered.

This will be described in detail as follows. Graphene having a particle size of less than 2 nm is not sufficiently dispersed by the organic modified polysiloxane and ethyl alcohol as dispersing materials, and the material itself remains in a lump form. If the graphene is not dispersed and remains in the form of a lump, the heat conduction is not properly performed. Therefore, it is preferable that the grain size of graphene is 2 nm as the lower limit. When the grain size of the graphene exceeds 20 nm, the gap between the grains increases, the thermal conductivity decreases, and the heat dissipation effect deteriorates. Therefore, the upper limit of the grain size is preferably 20 nm.

When graphene is added in an amount of less than 1 wt%, the heat radiation effect is weak, so the lower limit is 1 wt%. As the amount of graphene added increases, the heat radiation effect is improved. However, when the amount of the graphene added exceeds 20 wt%, the heat radiation effect is lowered. This is because the content of graphene reduces the amount of the dispersing agent composed of organic modified polysiloxane and ethyl alcohol, and the graphene dispersion is not properly performed. Therefore, the amount of graphene added is preferably 20 wt% as the upper limit.

The above-mentioned organic modified polysiloxane is formed by replacing a hydrogen atom of a polysiloxane with a methyl group or the like, and then modifying a part of the methyl groups with a polyether or the like. On the other hand, most of the silicon used in paints is an organically modified polysiloxane, and polysiloxane is a compound in which silicon atoms and oxygen atoms alternately combine to form a chain structure. Examples of the organically modified polysiloxane include polyether-modified polydimethylsiloxane and polymethylalkylsiloxane, and are used as dispersion auxiliary materials. When the organic modified polysiloxane is added in an amount less than 5 wt%, the adhesion is low and the carbon-based material does not adhere well to the back sheet layer 17. When the amount exceeds 20 wt%, the viscosity becomes too high, It is difficult to apply the system-based material. Therefore, the content of the organic modified polysilicon is preferably 5 to 20 wt%.

When the content of the ethyl alcohol is less than 50 wt% as the dispersion auxiliary material, the other components constituting the carbon-based element are not dispersed evenly. When the content exceeds 80 wt%, the content of the other components constituting the carbon- Can not be obtained.

In order to verify the reliability of the heat dissipation layer according to the present invention, the heat dissipation effect was measured while varying the content of each component constituting the carbon-based material, and the following Tables 2 and 3 were obtained.

Table 2 below shows the temperature of the solar panel when the ambient temperature is 35 ° C. When the heat dissipation layer 20 is not provided and when the heat dissipation layer 20 is provided, carbon nanotubes and graphene And the case where the particle size of the carbon material is smaller or larger than the standard and the case where the carbon material content exceeds the standard. Table 3 shows the results of measuring the heat radiation effect while varying the particle size and content of the carbon-based material for forming the heat-radiating layer 20, respectively.

Meanwhile, in the solar panel having the above-described structure, various structural changes can be performed to improve the heat generating performance.

FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view showing a modified example of the solar panel according to the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a side sectional view of the solar panel of FIG. 4 viewed from the direction A after cutting along line A-A of FIG.

4 and 5, the heat transfer part 25 integrally formed with the heat dissipation layer 20 is extended to the lower seal layer 16, and the solar cell 15 of the solar cell layer 15 So that heat generated in the cell 14 is discharged more quickly. That is, a plurality of through-holes 16 'corresponding to the through-holes 17' of the back sheet layer 17 are formed in the lower sealing layer 16 so that the heat- To the through-hole 16 'of the base 16.

The heat dissipation layer 20 is formed on the bottom surface of the back sheet layer 17 and the column heat transfer layer 20 integrated with the heat dissipation layer 20 is formed on the back sheet layer 17 and the bottom sealing layer 16, The heat transfer part 25 may not be formed when the thickness of the back sheet layer 17 and the lower sealing layer 16 is very thin.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments, but, on the contrary, It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that numerous changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. And all such modifications and changes as fall within the scope of the present invention are therefore to be regarded as being within the scope of the present invention.

10 ... solar panel
11 ... frame
12 ... glass layer
13 ... upper sealing layer
14 ... solar cell
15 ... solar cell layer
16 ... Lower sealing layer
17 ... back sheet layer
20 ... heat radiating layer
25 ... heat transfer part
30 ... Junction box

Claims (4)

A solar cell layer (15) in which a plurality of solar cells (14) producing electricity using solar light are electrically connected;
An upper sealing layer 13 formed on the upper portion of the solar cell layer 15 so as to protect the solar cell 14 and made of a transparent material;
A glass layer (12) laminated on top of the upper sealing layer (13) so that sunlight is transmitted and the upper sealing layer (13) is protected;
A lower sealing layer 16 stacked on the lower portion of the solar cell layer 15 to protect the solar cell 14;
A back sheet layer (17) laminated on the lower part of the lower sealing layer (16) to protect the solar cell (14) from external environment; And
And a heat dissipation layer (20) formed on a bottom surface of the back sheet layer (17) so as to emit heat generated in the solar cell (14)
The heat dissipation layer 20 is formed by spraying or printing a carbonaceous material on the bottom surface of the back sheet layer 17,
Wherein the carbonaceous material comprises 1 to 20 wt% of carbon nanotubes having a particle size of 10 to 30 nm, 1 to 20 wt% of graphene having a particle size of 2 to 20 nm, 5 to 20 wt% of an organic modified polysiloxane (AFCONA) And 50 to 80 wt%. These compositions are mixed, homogenized through liquefied nitrogen and dispersed by ultrasonic waves, and then condensed while stirring. Then, a thermosetting resin and a curing agent are added to the condensed material, followed by mixing In addition,
Through holes 17 'are formed in the back sheet layer 17 at positions corresponding to the solar cell 14 of the solar cell layer 15 and the carbonaceous material forming the heat dissipation layer 20 And the heat transfer portion 25 is integrated with the heat transfer layer 20 so that the heat of the solar cell 14 is transferred to the plurality of heat transfer portions 25 through the through holes 17 ' Is transferred to the heat dissipation layer (20) through the heat dissipation layer (25).
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the heat radiation layer (20) is cured by one of room temperature curing, ultraviolet curing, and thermosetting.
The method according to claim 1,
A plurality of through holes 16 'corresponding to the through holes 17' formed in the back sheet layer 17 are formed in the lower sealing layer 16 and the heat conducting portions 25 are formed in the lower sealing layer 16. The solar panel as claimed in claim 1,
4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
Wherein the carbon-based material is further mixed with a waterproof material so as to prevent moisture from flowing into the lower sealing layer (16).

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