KR101849372B1 - Fabric sheet with high thermal stability - Google Patents

Abstract

With respect to the purpose of designing and developing a fabric sheet in a manner that has high heat and light stability after low cost production, is recyclable, has high mechanical load-bearing capacity, and is elastically flexible, one or more ply 2, (1, 1 ', 1 ", 1 "') comprising at least one ply (2, 3) comprises a first fiber comprising a first polymer (10) Wherein the first polymer comprises a second polymer comprising a first polymer and the second polymer comprises a first polymer or wherein at least one ply comprises a first or second fiber containing first and second polymers, (8) of the second polymer (11) is equal to the softening temperature (7) of the second polymer (11) or less than the softening temperature (7) of the second polymer (11).

Description

[0001] FABRIC SHEET WITH HIGH THERMAL STABILITY [0002]

The present invention relates to a sheet product, preferably a high heat-stable sheet product, and also its use in the manufacture of components for a conveying means.

Sheet products of the type referred to in the introduction are already known from the prior art and are used in a number of fields, for example the transport industry. Sheet products of this type typically contain a wide variety of materials, for example, glass fibers, polyurethanes or polyesters.

US 3 966 526 describes a method for manufacturing components for interior trim of a motor vehicle. They consist of a multiple foam-like layer comprising a polystyrene resin. The disadvantage here is that these components are not recyclable and accordingly their disposal is associated with high costs.

Additional components for the automotive industry, headliners, are shown in US 4 840 832. The headlide includes a bicomponent fiber of polyester having a low-melt binder component and a high-melt stabilized polymer.

US 5 275 865 discloses an additional headliner for automotive interior trim, a headliner containing partially oriented polyester fibers and no binder.

US 4 119 749 describes a lightweight headliner for automotive interior trim. It has a multilayer structure. The layer of polyurethane foam is used as a core member, wherein one side of the polyurethane foam layer is provided with an additional polyurethane foam layer. The other side is impregnated with an elastomeric solution. The individual layers need to be separated for placement of the headliner. This increases the cost of disposal. Recycling of the foam is also not possible due to the selected material.

US 4 211 590 discloses a thermoformable laminate comprising a thermoplastic foam-like core. After thermoforming, the laminate is hardened by cooling. This type of laminate is used as a headliner, particularly for trimming the interior of a car.

Additional headliners for in-car trim are known from US 5 660 908. It is composed of polyethylene terephthalate and has a reinforcing rib. The disadvantage here is the lack of thermal stability. Sufficient thermal stability is achievable through a complicated structure. This requires a costly and inconvenient recipe.

Sheet products of the type referred to in the introduction typically have low levels of flexural stiffness at elevated temperatures and are not recyclable or have a high level of rigidity coupled with low elasticity / formability. This interferes with the processing of such sheet products; In particular, machining such sheet products into automotive interior trim is associated with considerable difficulty. Achieving sufficient stability while maintaining the elasticity of the sheet product requires a multi-layered design. It also requires a costly and inconvenient recipe.

Therefore, the present invention solves the problem of refining and developing sheet products of the type mentioned in the introduction section so as to be flexible, mechanically rigid, and resiliently elastic with a high level of flexural stiffness at elevated temperatures after inexpensive fabrication do. Such a sheet product will achieve its use particularly as a component for transportation.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems by the features of claim 1.

Accordingly, the sheet product referred to in the introduction includes a main body of one or more ply, wherein the at least one ply comprises a first fiber comprising a first polymer and a second fiber comprising a second polymer, Wherein the at least one ply comprises integral fibers containing the first and second polymers wherein the cold crystallization temperature of the first polymer is equal to or lower than the softening temperature of the second polymer.

Cold crystallization should be understood to mean crystallization occurring after softening and / or heating above the glass transition temperature.

The cold crystallization temperature should be understood to mean the temperature at which the first exothermic peak of free enthalpy occurs. The pyrogenicity should be understood to mean the release of energy.

It should be understood that the softening temperature, also known as the glass transition temperature, refers to the temperature at which all or a portion of the amorphous polymer migrates from a high viscosity or rubbery elastic, flexible state to a free-form or hard elastomeric state. In the present invention, the softening temperature is measured in accordance with DIN 53765.

An integrated fiber is meant to mean that the fiber has the same polymer and the same fiber type.

The present inventors have recognized that the stabilization of the second polymer by cold crystallization of the first polymer occurs at the softening temperature of the second polymer or below the softening temperature of the second polymer. This results in sheet products having sufficiently high mechanical strength at high temperatures. Sheet products are further noted for their excellent acoustic properties and low weight.

This solves the problem mentioned in the introduction.

Preferably, the cold crystallization of the first polymer occurs at a softening temperature of the second polymer in the range of 70 to 150 캜, preferably in the range of 80 to 140 캜, more preferably in the range of 90 to 130 캜. These conditions result in sheet products having high flexibility and elastic yieldingness at high temperatures.

At this temperature, crystallization of the first polymer results in stabilization of the second polymer.

Preferably, there is no difference between the cold crystallization temperature of the first polymer and the softening temperature of the second polymer. However, the difference between the cold crystallization temperature of the first polymer and the softening temperature of the second polymer may also be in the range of 1 to 100 占 폚, preferably in the range of 2 to 80 占 폚, more preferably in the range of 3 to 60 占 폚 have. This condition results in a particularly good stabilization of the second polymer due to the cold crystallization of the first polymer.

In one preferred embodiment, the softening temperature and / or melting temperature of the second polymer is above the softening temperature and / or melting temperature of the first polymer. The particular choice of polymer with respect to the softening temperature and also the melting temperature ensures an especially good stabilization of the first polymer due to the second polymer below the softening temperature of the second polymer. The particular choice of polymer and its arrangement due to the cold crystallization of the first polymer additionally imparts a level of thermal stability to the sheet product which certainly exceeds the softening and melting temperatures of either polymer.

The difference in softening temperature as measured by DIN 53765 for the first and second polymers may vary within wide limits. Advantageously, the difference in softening temperatures of the first and second polymers is at least 15 캜, preferably at least 20 캜, more preferably at least 25 캜. It is preferable to use a polymer having a temperature difference of 15 to 450 캜, more preferably 20 to 150 캜, still more preferably 25 to 100 캜. These values have been demonstrated in practical tests to provide sheet products with a particularly high level of thermal stability.

In one preferred embodiment, the difference in melting temperatures of the first and second polymers is at least 5 占 폚, preferably at least 10 占 폚, more preferably at least 15 占 폚. It is preferable to use a polymer having a temperature difference of 5 to 200 占 폚, more preferably 10 to 150 占 폚, still more preferably 15 to 120 占 폚. This melting temperature difference between the two polymers results in excellent thermal stability and excellent load-deflection characteristics for the sheet product.

A wide variety of materials can be used as polymers. Preferably, the polymer is melt spinnable. Preferably, at least one of the polymers is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene terephthalate, polytetramethylene terephthalate, poly (decamethylene) terephthalate, poly-l, 4-cyclohexylene dimethyl terephthalate, Terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polyglycolic acid, polylactide, polycaprolactone, polyethylene adipate, polyhydroxyalkanoate, polyhydroxybutyrate, poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3- Polytetramethylene terephthalate, vectran, polyethylene naphthalate, copolymers thereof, and / or mixtures thereof. ≪ RTI ID = 0.0 > Sheet products comprising the above-mentioned polymers are readily recyclable.

The first polymer may be selected from the group consisting of polypropylene terephthalate, polytetramethylene terephthalate, poly (decamethylene) terephthalate, poly-l, 4-cyclohexylene dimethyl terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate, Polypropylene terephthalate, polytetramethylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate, copolymers thereof, and / or mixtures thereof.

Further, the second polymer may be selected from the group consisting of poly (decamethylene) terephthalate, poly-1,4-cyclohexylene dimethyl terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, more preferably polyethylene naphthalate, Terephthalate, copolymers thereof, and / or mixtures thereof. The proper choice of the polymer used can be used to influence the thermal stability of the sheet product as well as its mechanical properties, in particular elasticity, formability and strength. Thereby, custom-tailoring of the sheet product as a cladding material for the outer surface as well as for the inner trimming of the conveying means for various applications, preferably for the application of the sheet product, is possible.

The first polymer may be selected from the group consisting of polyglycolic acid, polylactide, polycaprolactone, polyethylene adipate, polyhydroxyalkanoate, polyhydroxybutyrate, poly-3-hydroxybutyrate- But are not limited to, terephthalate, polypropylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, Vectran, polytetramethylene terephthalate, poly (decamethylene) terephthalate, poly-1,4-cyclohexylene dimethyl terephthalate , Polyethylene naphthalate, copolymers thereof and / or mixtures thereof, and the second polymer comprises polyethylene naphthalate.

In a preferred embodiment, the first polymer contains polyethylene terephthalate and / or co-polyethylene terephthalate and the second polymer contains polyethylene naphthalate.

Preferably, the first polymer has a cold crystallization temperature in the range of 70 to 150 캜, more preferably in the range of 80 to 140 캜, and most preferably in the range of 90 to 130 캜. These polymers have high levels of thermal stability and result in excellent load-deformation characteristics for sheet products.

In a further preferred embodiment, the second polymer has a softening temperature in the range of 70 to 150 占 폚, more preferably in the range of 80 to 140 占 폚, and most preferably in the range of 90 to 130 占 폚. This results in a particularly good stabilization of the second polymer through the cold crystallization of the first polymer.

In practice, particularly high stiffness has been demonstrated to be achieved when the first polymer has a lower modulus of elasticity than the second polymer. The elastic modulus is a physical parameter from engineering materials science and describes the relationship between the strain and the strain rate as the solid body undergoes strain in the linear elastic region. The first polymer may have an elastic modulus in the range of 400 to 1300 MPa, preferably in the range of 500 to 1200 MPa, more preferably in the range of 700 to 1000 MPa.

The second polymer may have a high modulus of elasticity. The second polymer preferably has an elastic modulus in the range of 1400 to 3000 MPa, more preferably in the range of 1600 to 2500 MPa, and still more preferably in the range of 2000 to 2200 MPa. This provides a significant degree of flexural stiffness at elevated temperatures.

Preferably, the at least one fiber contains two or more polymers, wherein the first polymer is in the form of at least one segment that is embedded in the second polymer and / or at least partially in contact with the second polymer. This allows the second polymer to stabilize the first polymer at high temperature until the first polymer undergoes a cold crystallization.

Advantageously, the segment of the first polymer is present in the form of a sheet of circular, elliptical or n-angular, triangular or polygonal cross-section, embedded in the second polymer and / or at least partially in contact with the second polymer. An alternative arrangement of discrete segments is to have the best uniform arrangement of the first polymer be in the form of a segment that is embedded in the second polymer and / or at least partially in contact with the second polymer. Circular segments are preferred, and coaxial arrangements thereof are particularly preferred. The force absorption is excellent as a result of this isotropic arrangement.

The fibers may have a sheath-core geometry. In the cis-core geometry, the first polymer in the core of the filament strand is surrounded by the second polymer. Preferably, the core is selected from the group consisting of polypropylene terephthalate, polytetramethylene terephthalate, poly (decamethylene) terephthalate, poly-l, 4-cyclohexylene dimethyl terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate Preferably, polypropylene terephthalate, polytetra-methylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate, copolymers thereof and / or mixtures thereof, wherein the sheath is preferably selected from the group consisting of poly (decamethylene) terephthalate, poly- 4-cyclohexylene dimethyl terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, more preferably polyethylene naphthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, copolymers thereof and / or mixtures thereof. In such a geometric structure, the first polymer is advantageously embedded in the second polymer in a particularly uniform manner, and this geometric structure leads in particular to a dense structure.

The fibers are advantageously comprised of short fibers. In this connection, it is advantageous to adhere the second polymer to the first polymer, wherein the first polymer acts as the binder fiber and creates an adhesive bond between the fibers of the first and second polymers. This serves to improve the mechanical strength of the sheet product.

In a further preferred embodiment, the fibers have a cis-core geometry in which the fibers contain only one polymer. Preferably, no polymer is present in the core. In this case, hollow fibers are involved. This is advantageous in providing sheet products of low weight and high mechanical strength.

In addition, the polymer of the hollow fibers may be selected from the group consisting of polypropylene terephthalate, polytetramethylene terephthalate, poly (decamethylene) terephthalate, poly-1,4-cyclohexylene dimethyl terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, , Polypropylene terephthalate, polytetramethylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, copolymers thereof, and / or a mixture thereof. It is highly desirable that the polymer of the hollow fibers contains polyethylene naphthalate.

It is highly desirable for the polymer of the hollow fibers to have a softening temperature in the range of 70 to 150 캜, more preferably in the range of 80 to 140 캜, and very preferably in the range of 90 to 130 캜. This provides a particularly stable sheet product of low weight.

In a preferred embodiment, the weight ratio of first polymer to second polymer is in the range of 50:50 to 95: 5, preferably in the range of 60:40 to 95: 5, more preferably 65:35 to 90:10 Range. Advantageously, even a small fraction of the polymer with a higher softening and / or melting temperature is sufficient to achieve optimal stabilization of the polymer with lower softening and / or melting temperatures. In addition, since the second polymer is typically a more expensive component, it is possible to reduce the fabrication cost by having a low proportion of the second polymer.

The fiber diameter is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 20 dtex, more preferably in the range of 1 to 15 dtex, and even more preferably in the range of 3 to 12 dtex. It is particularly preferred to use the second polymer as a minor constituent. The advantage of this is that typically the expensive second polymer component can be used in a material-saving manner to improve the stability of the sheet product.

The stability of the sheet product can further be improved by using a first polymer to partially or fully fill voids between the fibers.

In a preferred embodiment, the main body does not contain any additional fibers. Possibly, the main body may comprise additional fibers. Such fibers are preferably included as short fibers. The proportion of additional fibers to the total weight of the main body is preferably in the range of 1 to 80 wt%, preferably 10 to 70 wt%, more preferably 20 to 60 wt%.

In a preferred embodiment, the additional fibers are polyester, polyolefin, polyamide, Nylon 66 (Nylon ^®), nylon 6 (Perlon ^®), preferably polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene terephthalate, and their copolymers and / or And mixtures thereof.

The fibers may be included as binder fibers. Binder fibers create adhesive bonds that serve to improve the strength of the sheet product.

The main body ply, preferably one or more ply and / or additional ply may be included as a non-crimped fabric, as a fabric, as a knit fabric, as a film, as a foil, as a batt, or as a nonwoven fabric. As a result, a sheet product having mechanical strength is obtained.

The main body may comprise a composite material containing one or more plies. As a result, the mechanical strength of the sheet product is improved.

The sheet product may include a reinforcing ply. Preferably, the sheet product does not include any reinforcing ply. This provides high mechanical strength and low weight sheet products.

Contrary to this background, the sheet product can be used for finishing or treatment of a chemical type, for example, as needed or desired, for improving hydrophilicity, antistatic treatment, improving fire resistance or light stability and / And / or to modify the appearance, such as dyeing or printing.

Basis weight can vary between wide limits. The sheet product is preferably in the range of 50 to 4000 g / m ² , preferably in the range of 80 to 3000 g / m ² , more preferably in the range of 100 to 2500 g / m ² , as measured in accordance with DIN EN 29073-1 ^{2 &lt}; / RTI &^gt; The above-mentioned basis weight sheet products have excellent stability.

In a preferred embodiment, the sheet product is used as a headliner substrate. In such applications, the sheet product preferably has a basis weight in the range of 500 to 2500 g / m ² , more preferably in the range of 100 to 1000 g / m ² , very preferably in the range of 200 to 800 g / m ² I have.

In a preferred embodiment, the sheet product has a DIN EN 9073-2 thickness of from 0.5 to 300 mm, more preferably from 1 to 200 mm, even more preferably from 1 to 150 mm. This type of sheet product has particularly good processing properties due to its low thickness and good formability.

The present invention further provides a bicomponent fiber containing first and second polymers wherein the cold crystallization temperature of the first polymer is equal to or lower than the softening temperature of the second polymer.

In a preferred embodiment, the sheet product is subjected to a thermoforming operation to obtain a thermoformed sheet product. Thermoforming is a molding operation that is carried out on thermoplastics. Thermoformed sheet products

a) heating the sheet product,

b) introducing the sheet product into a mold,

c) compression molding in a mold, and

d) removing the sheet product from the mold

≪ / RTI >

The mold may be heated to a temperature in the range of 20 to 300 캜, preferably in the range of 20 to 250 캜. The mold advantageously has two halves. The two halves of the mold may be the same or differently spaced apart at various locations of the compression-molding surface during the compression-molding step. It has been proved by practical tests that thermoformable sheet products under these conditions are given an improved level of bending stiffness at elevated temperatures.

The flexural stiffness of the sheet product can vary between wide limits. The sheet product is preferably used as a base for the headliner, particularly in the manufacture of components for transportation means. This type of sheet product is preferably in the range of 1 to 40 N / mm ² , more preferably in the range of 1 to 25 N / mm ² , more preferably in the range of 1 to 40 N / mm ² , as measured in DIN EN ISO 14125 at the maximum bending stress Advantageously the range of from 2 to 20 N / mm ^2, very preferably have the flexural rigidity in the range of 4 to 15 N / mm ^2. A sheet product having the above-mentioned flexural stiffness is combined with sufficient stability and excellent moldability.

The flexural stiffness of thermoformed sheet products can also be measured in accordance with DIN / EN 310. When the test speed is set to 20 mm / min, the sample size is set to 90 mm x 75 mm, the fulcrum separation is set to 80 mm, and the initial force is set to 3 N, a range of 1 to 40 N, preferably 5 to 35 N , In particular 10 to 30 N, of flexural rigidity. The thermoformed sheet product included as a substrate for the headliner is further characterized in that it has a tensile strength in the range of 20 to 350 MPa, preferably in the range of 30 to 280 MPa, more preferably, (E-modulus) in the range of 40 to 250 MPa. The elastic modulus is a physical parameter from engineering materials science and describes the relationship between the strain and the strain rate as the solid body undergoes strain in the linear elastic region.

The modulus of elasticity of thermoformed sheet products can also be measured in accordance with DIN EN ISO 178. When the test speed is set to 20 mm / min, the sample size is set to 90 mm x 75 mm, the fulcrum separation is set to 80 mm and the initial force is set to 3 N, 20 to 600 MPa, preferably 30 to 500 MPa, It is possible to obtain an elastic modulus in the range of 40 to 450 MPa.

In a further preferred embodiment, the sheet product included as a substrate for the headliner has a maximum flexural stress and a tensile strength in the range of 10 to 350 MPa, preferably in the range of 10 to 350 MPa when measured in EN ISO 14125 or DIN EN ISO 178 at a temperature of 120 캜 (E-modulus) in the range of 15 to 250 MPa, more preferably in the range of 20 to 200 MPa. Here, it is advantageous for the sheet product to have an improved level of mechanical strength at high temperatures. Because the aging process is basically very slow, the sheet product is able to withstand the high requirements that components are expected to meet in the automotive industry. For example, the surface should not exhibit any color change or marks after a few months of photoaging at 120 ° C.

In a preferred embodiment, the sheet product has a multi-ply structure. Preferably, the sheet product contains additional ply in addition to the main body. The additional ply may be included as a radially-bonded ply or as a staple fiber ply. Additional plies are different in their function, manufacturing process, fiber type, containing polymer and / or their color. The combination of staple fiber ply and radially-bonded ply results in a massive sheet product for the same basis weight. The sheet product may further have additional ply included as radially bonded or staple fiber ply. This improves the acoustic characteristics.

In a further preferred embodiment, the thermoformed sheet product comprises a sandwich structure wherein the outer ply contains the sheet product of the present invention. The center ply may include staple fiber ply or additional radiating ply. Advantageously, the sandwich-like structure improves flexural stiffness and imparts excellent strength to the sheet product. The following additional sequence can be considered. Hereinafter SF denotes staple fiber ply and SL denotes radial binding ply: SF / SL / SF; SF / SL; SL / SF.

This sequence may also be combined with the plies as described above.

The sheet product of the present invention has high flexural stiffness at elevated temperatures, low weight and sound absorption, and is therefore useful for making components for transportation means. The sheet product is a substrate for internal equipment of the conveying means, more preferably a substrate for a headliner, a substrate for an interior door trim panel, as a substrate for a compartment shelf and / , More preferably as a substrate for an underbody and as a substrate for a wheel box. The means of transport should be understood to refer to an automobile, a truck, a coach, a motor vehicle, an airplane, a ship, a leisure vehicle, an agricultural machine and / or a camper.

In one preferred embodiment, the sheet product is used as a substrate for internal trim paneling of buses, camper, leisure vehicles, boats, airplanes or motor vehicles. The base product is suitable for the above-mentioned applications due to its mechanical strength and its low weight.

It is also possible to use the sheet product as a substrate for a ship's cabin and / or an internal part of an airplane cabin due to its low weight.

The sheet product may further be used in the production of components for construction, preferably as a substrate for a removable separating wall or partition in construction. This application is based on the low weight of the sheet product and its excellent acoustic properties.

The present invention will now be described more specifically with reference to a number of embodiments which are not intended to limit the invention.

Example  1: Production of sheet product of the present invention

The PEN pellets (Advanite 71001 from SASA) and copolyester pellets (CS 123 N from FENC) were dried and then melt spun into a mixture of short and bicomponent fibers.

The processing temperature was 300 ° C for Advanite and 270 ° C for CS 123 N.

The spinneret die used was a 195-hole die with a 60% bicubic fiber fraction. PEN only enters into the sheath of the bicomponent fiber, and the copolyester enters into the short fiber core as well as the bicomponent fiber.

Three different ratios of PEN / copolyester were produced in bicomponent fibers.

1. 30% PEN (cis) 70% copolyester (core)

2. 25% PEN (cis) 85% copolyester (core)

3. 20% PEN (cis) 80% copolyester (core)

An optical microscope photograph of a section through the bicomponent fiber 1-3 is shown in Figs. 7a-c.

Example  2: Measurement of related fiber parameters

For the spun bicomponent fibers, some related fiber properties were measured as follows.

Fineness: 8.5 dtex

Adhesion: 21.54 cN / tex

Elongation: 10.19%

Boiling shrinkage: 3.25%

The thermal stability under the coercive temperature was also tested as follows:

An 8 cm length of bicomponent fiber was stretched by 4 cm between two metal blocks and loaded at a center height of 1 g. The fibers became taut.

Thereafter, the temperature was increased to 100 DEG C, which was higher than the Tg of the copolyester used and lower than the Tg of PEN. No sagging was observed in bicomponent fibers. The temperature was then increased by 125 ° C, which was within the softening temperature of PEN. Again, sagging was not observed. Finally, the temperature was increased to 140 占 폚. This temperature was higher than the softening temperature of the polyester. Only minimal sagging was observed at this temperature.

Since the copolyester is already softened in the range of 55 to 65 占 폚, a standard polyester short fiber (PET) was used as a reference. The tests carried out proved that a clear sagging of the PET staple fibers was observed at just 100 ° C.

Example  3: Production of multi-ply hybrid materials

The radial bonding produced in Example 1 was combined with a staple fiber ply as a reinforcing ply comprised of bicomponent fibers (LMF50 from Huvis, PET / CoPET, 4.4 dtex, 64 mm) to form a 2-ply as well as a 3-ply hybrid material Respectively.

For this purpose, one or two radial couplings were combined with a single staple fiber ply by a needle loom. In the 3-ply hybrid material, the staple fiber bats were placed in the center in each case.

Six different hybrid materials were prepared using the following settings for the needle room:

The obtained hybrid material

After needling, the hybrid material was hardened using a belt dryer.

Belt dryer setting:

The resulting hardened hybrid material:

A test specimen of 90 mm x 75 mm in size was die-cut from the obtained hybrid material, compression-molded at a temperature of less than 180 DEG C to a thickness of 2.1 to 2.5 mm, and then subjected to an initial force of 3 N and a test speed of 20 mm The bending force was measured with DIN / EN 310 and the E-factor was measured with DIN EN ISO 178 at the same initial force and test speed.

Figure 1 shows a sheet product comprising a main body of one ply containing fibers from two polymers.
Figure 2 shows a schematic arrangement of a thermoformable sheet product.
Figure 3 shows a further schematic arrangement of a thermoformable sheet product.
Figure 4 shows a schematic arrangement of a two-ply thermoformable sheet product.
Figure 5 shows a diagram comparing the heating curves of the first polymer and the second polymer.
Figure 6a shows a cross section of a triangular fiber.
Figure 6b shows a cross section of additional triangular fibers.
Figures 7a-c show optical micrographs of cross-sections through three bicomponent fibers.

Figure 1 shows a sheet product 1 comprising a main body of one ply 2 containing fibers from two polymers.

The ply 2 has a single-ply structure.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic arrangement of a thermoformable sheet product 1 '. The sheet product 1 'has a multi-ply structure containing additional layers in addition to the ply 2. The ply 2 is included as a radially-coupled ply. The sheet body 1 'includes the ply 3 of staple fibers as the lowermost layer. The ply 2 is arranged on top of this ply 3. An additional ply 3 of staple fibers is placed on top of the ply 2.

Figure 3 shows a further schematic arrangement of a thermoformable sheet product 1 ". The sheet product 1 "has a under-ply structure containing additional plys in addition to the ply 2. The sheet product 1 "includes the ply 2 as the bottom layer. The ply 3 of staple fibers is arranged on top of this ply 2. The additional ply 2 is made of the staple fiber ply 3 And is disposed at the top.

Figure 4 also shows another further schematic arrangement of the thermoformable 2-ply sheet product 1 "'. The sheet product 1' '' comprises the ply 2 as the lowest layer. The staple fiber ply 3 is arranged on top of this ply 2.

Figure 5 shows a diagram comparing the heating curves of the first and second polymers with temperature.

The upper curve 4 shows the heating behavior of the first polymer and the lower curve 5 shows the heating behavior of the second polymer. The softening temperature (6) of the first polymer is lower than the softening temperature (7) of the second polymer.

The cold crystallization temperature (8) of the first polymer is lower than the softening temperature (7) of the second polymer. The cold crystallization temperature (9) of the second polymer is higher than the cold crystallization temperature (8) of the first polymer.

Figure 6a shows a cross-section through triangular fibers containing two polymers, wherein the first polymer 10 is in the form of one or more segments embedded in the second polymer 11.

Figure 6b shows a cross-section through triangular fibers containing two polymers, wherein the first polymer is in the form of one or more segments that partially or totally abut the second polymer (11).

Claims (17)

(1, 1 ', 1 ", 1 "') comprising a main body of one or more ply (2, 3), wherein at least one ply (2, 3) comprises a first polymer Wherein the at least one ply (2, 3) comprises an integral fiber containing a first and a second polymer (10, 11), and the second fiber comprises a second fiber comprising a second polymer , The cold crystallization temperature 8 of the first polymer 10 is equal to the softening temperature 7 of the second polymer 11 or less than the softening temperature 7 of the second polymer 11,
Characterized in that the at least one fiber comprises at least two polymers and the first polymer (10) is in the form of one or more segments embedded in the second polymer (11) and / or partially or totally in contact with the second polymer (11) Sheet products. The sheet product according to claim 1, characterized in that the softening temperature (7) and / or the melting temperature of the second polymer (11) is above the softening temperature (6) and / or the melting temperature of the first polymer (10). Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the difference between the softening temperatures (6, 7) of the first and second polymers (10, 11) is at least 15 ° C product. The sheet product according to claim 2, characterized in that the difference between the melting temperatures of the first and second polymers (10, 11) is at least 5 ° C. 3. The composition of claim 1 or 2, wherein at least one of the polymers (10, 11) is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene terephthalate, polytetramethylene terephthalate, poly (decamethylene) terephthalate, poly- Polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polyglycolic acid, polylactide, polycaprolactone, polyethylene adipate, polyhydroxyalkanoate, polyhydroxybutyrate, poly-3-hydroxycarboxylate Characterized in that it is a polyester selected from the group consisting of ricinbutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, vectran, copolymers thereof and / or mixtures thereof. The sheet product according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first polymer (10) has a cold crystallization temperature (8) in the range of from 70 to 150 ° C. 3. The sheet product according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the second polymer (11) has a softening temperature (7) in the range of from 70 to 150 DEG C. delete The method of claim 1, wherein the segment of the first polymer (10) is present in a sheet product of circular, elliptical or n-angular, triangular or polygonal cross-section, embedded in the second polymer (11) 11. The sheet product as claimed in claim 1, The sheet product according to claim 1, characterized in that the fibers have a sheath-core geometry. The sheet product according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the weight ratio of the first polymer to the second polymer (10, 11) is in the range of 50:50 to 95: 5. 3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the at least one ply (2, 3) is characterized as a non-crimped fabric, as a fabric, as a knit, as a film, as a foil, as a batt, Sheet products. 3. A sheet product according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the main body comprises a composite material containing at least one ply (2, 3). 3. The sheet product according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the basis weight is in the range of from 50 to 4000 g / m < ² >, when measured according to DIN EN 29073-1. 3. The sheet product according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the sheet product is a thermoformed sheet product. Wherein the cold crystallization temperature (8) of the first polymer (10) is equal to the softening temperature (7) of the second polymer (11) or the second crystallization temperature Is lower than the softening temperature (7) of the polymer (11)
Characterized in that the fibers comprise two or more polymers and the first polymer (10) is in the form of one or more segments embedded in the second polymer (11) and / or partly or wholly in contact with the second polymer (11) Bicomponent fiber. A method of using the sheet product as claimed in any one of claims 1 or 2 in the manufacture of components for a carrier.

Images