KR101788752B1 - BOG Re-liquefaction Apparatus and Method for Vessel - Google Patents
BOG Re-liquefaction Apparatus and Method for Vessel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR101788752B1 KR101788752B1 KR1020150042508A KR20150042508A KR101788752B1 KR 101788752 B1 KR101788752 B1 KR 101788752B1 KR 1020150042508 A KR1020150042508 A KR 1020150042508A KR 20150042508 A KR20150042508 A KR 20150042508A KR 101788752 B1 KR101788752 B1 KR 101788752B1
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- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- mixer
- heat exchanger
- liquid separator
- pipe
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
- B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
- B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
- B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
- B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
- F17C5/02—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with liquefied gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
- F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
- F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
- F17C2270/0105—Ships
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
Disclosed is a liquefaction device using evaporation gas as a cooling fluid for re-liquefying evaporative gas generated in a liquefied natural gas storage tank installed in a ship.
The ship evaporating gas re-liquefying apparatus includes a compressor for compressing evaporative gas discharged from the storage tank; A heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the evaporated gas compressed by the compressor and the evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank; A decompression device for decompressing the evaporated gas that has been compressed by the plurality of compressors and passed through the heat exchanger; A gas-liquid separator which separates the partially re-liquefied liquefied natural gas passing through the plurality of compressors, the heat exchanger and the decompression device, and the evaporated gas remaining in a gaseous state; And a mixer for mixing the evaporated gas separated by the gas-liquid separator and the evaporated gas passing through the heat exchanger after being discharged from the storage tank, wherein the re-liquefied liquefied natural gas among the evaporated gas sent to the gas- And is returned to the storage tank, and the mixer is installed at the rear end of the heat exchanger.
Description
The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for re-liquefying evaporative gas generated in a liquefied natural gas storage tank applied to a ship.
Natural gas is usually liquefied and transported over a long distance in the form of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG). Liquefied natural gas is obtained by cooling natural gas at a cryogenic temperature of approximately -163 ° C at normal pressure. It is suitable for long distance transportation through the sea because its volume is significantly reduced as compared with the gas state.
Even if the liquefied natural gas storage tank is insulated, there is a limit to completely block external heat. Liquefied natural gas continuously vaporizes in the storage tank due to the heat transferred to the liquefied natural gas. Liquefied natural gas vaporized in the storage tank is called Boil-Off Gas (BOG). When the pressure of the storage tank becomes higher than the set safety pressure due to the generation of the evaporation gas, the evaporation gas is discharged to the outside of the storage tank through the safety valve.
In the case of ships carrying LNGC (LNG Carrier) and LNG Floating Production Storage Offloading (LNG Floating Production Storage Offloading), the amount of liquefied natural gas that can be transported to users is directly linked to the economic efficiency. Accordingly, suppressing the generation of evaporative gas as much as possible and re-liquefying the generated evaporative gas as much as possible is an important goal common to vessels storing liquefied natural gas.
1 and 2 are schematic block diagrams of a conventional evaporation gas re-liquefying apparatus for a ship.
Referring to FIG. 1, a conventional evaporation gas re-liquefying apparatus for a ship includes a plurality of
Fig. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of a part (X of Fig. 1) of a conventional evaporation gas re-liquefying apparatus for ships.
1 and 4, the conventional evaporation gas for ship has a structure in which a line (line A1 in FIG. 1 and FIG. 4) for sending the gaseous evaporative gas separated from the gas-
Referring to FIG. 2, the conventional evaporation gas remelting apparatus of another construction is similar to the conventional evaporation gas remelting apparatus for a ship shown in FIG. 1 except that it is separated by a gas-
That is, in the conventional evaporation gas re-liquefying apparatus for vessels shown in FIG. 1, the evaporated gas passed through the
2, the vaporized gas mixed in the
1 and 2, a mixer is installed on a rear end line of a heat exchanger for sending an evaporative gas from a heat exchanger to a compressor so as to overcome the disadvantage of the evaporative gas re-liquefying apparatus for a ship, Liquid separator for separating the vaporized gas from the gas-liquid separator, and a gas-liquid separator for separating the gas-liquid separator from the gas-liquid separator.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a liquefaction apparatus using a vaporized gas as a cooling fluid to re-liquefy a vapor generated in a liquefied natural gas storage tank installed in a ship, A compressor for compressing the evaporated gas to be discharged; A heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the evaporated gas compressed by the compressor and the evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank; A decompression device for decompressing the evaporated gas that has been compressed by the plurality of compressors and passed through the heat exchanger; A gas-liquid separator which separates the partially re-liquefied liquefied natural gas passing through the plurality of compressors, the heat exchanger and the decompression device, and the evaporated gas remaining in a gaseous state; And a mixer for mixing the evaporated gas separated by the gas-liquid separator and the evaporated gas passing through the heat exchanger after being discharged from the storage tank, wherein the re-liquefied liquefied natural gas among the evaporated gas sent to the gas- And the mixer is installed at the rear end of the heat exchanger.
The mixer may be located above the gas-liquid separator, and the pipe connecting the mixer and the gas-liquid separator may be connected to the lower end of the mixer at one side and the upper end of the gas-liquid separator.
The piping connecting between the mixer and the gas-liquid separator may be positioned below the piping connecting the mixer and the heat exchanger, and the partially re-liquefied evaporated gas may be returned to the gas-liquid separator within the mixer .
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an evaporative gas mixing system installed in a re-liquefying apparatus that uses an evaporation gas as a cooling fluid to re-liquefy the evaporation gas generated in a liquefied natural gas storage tank installed in a ship, A mixer for mixing the evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank through the heat exchanger and the evaporated gas separated from the gas-liquid separator; A first pipe connecting the mixer and the heat exchanger; A second pipe connecting the mixer and the compressor; And a third piping connecting the mixer and the gas-liquid separator.
The cross sections of the first to third pipes may be located on the same plane as the surface of the mixer.
The first pipe and the second pipe may be positioned in a straight line.
The diameter of the third pipe may be 1/4 to 1 times the diameter of the first pipe.
A portion of the first conduit may be introduced into the mixer.
The length of the portion of the first pipe that is introduced into the mixer may be 1/4 to 3/4 of the inner diameter of the mixer when the mixer is spherical. When the mixer is spherical, And may be 1/4 to 3/4 times the shorter side inner diameter of the mixer. When the mixer is a rectangular parallelepiped, it may be 1/4 to 3/4 times the shortest side of the mixer.
And an opening formed in a part of the first pipe which is penetrated into the mixer.
The end of the first pipe may be clogged.
The mixer may be any one of a spherical shape, an elliptical spherical shape, a cylindrical shape, and a rectangular parallelepiped shape.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a re-liquefaction method for re-liquefying an evaporative gas generated from a liquefied natural gas storage tank installed on a ship, The evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank is mixed with the evaporated gas passed through the heat exchanger and the evaporated gas separated by the gas-liquid separator, and in the mixer, The mixed vaporized gas is compressed by a compressor, a part of the compressed vaporized gas is returned to the heat exchanger, and circulated. After the compressed vaporized gas is passed through the heat exchanger, the vaporized gas is decompressed by the decompressor and sent to the gas- , Among the evaporated gas sent to the gas-liquid separator, the re-liquefied liquefied natural gas is recovered to the storage tank , Boil-off gas remaining in the gas state is, for ships boil-off gas re-liquefaction processes are sent to the mixer rotation is provided.
According to the present invention, since the gas-liquid separator is located in the same direction as the mixer with respect to the heat exchanger, the piping for sending the evaporation gas from the gas-liquid separator to the mixer is short and the pipe is not bent, There is no need to connect pipes. Therefore, the installation of the piping is simple and economical.
According to the apparatus and method for liquefaction of marine vaporized gas for ship according to the present invention, the vaporized gas mixed in the mixer and the vaporized gas separated from the gas-liquid separator are simultaneously sent to the heat exchanger, The capacity of the heat exchanger can be reduced as compared with the conventional evaporation gas re-liquefying apparatus for a ship shown in Fig. 1 as well as the use of a small heat exchanger.
1, the evaporative gas discharged from the storage tank and the evaporative gas separated by the gas-liquid separator are combined and sent to the heat exchanger, while the evaporative gas re-liquefying apparatus and method of the present invention Since the evaporated gas separated by the gas-liquid separator is sent to the mixer at the rear end of the heat exchanger, only the evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank is sent to the heat exchanger.
The apparatus and method for liquefying the vaporized gas for ship according to the present invention are particularly effective when the amount of fuel consumed in the engine is large and the amount of evaporated gas generated in the storage tank is small. When the amount of fuel consumed by the engine increases, the amount of the evaporated gas sent to the heat exchanger after being compressed by the plurality of compressors is small. Therefore, it is sufficient to use a heat exchanger having a small capacity. At least because there is not a shortage of evaporation gas to re-liquefy the compressed evaporated gas.
Since the apparatus and method for liquefying the vaporized gas for ship according to the present invention can use a heat exchanger having a small capacity, there is a margin in the space around the heat exchanger, so that the piping connected to the heat exchanger can be arranged in a fluid manner. Further, the diameter of the pipe connected to the heat exchanger can be sufficiently secured, the speed of the evaporating gas passing through the heat exchanger can be reduced, and the speed of the evaporating gas passing through the heat exchanger can be reduced. The efficiency of the heat exchange can be increased. In addition, if the diameter of the pipe increases, the failure rate due to the inflow of foreign matter also decreases.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The evaporation gas re-liquefying apparatus and method of the present invention can simplify the installation of piping and reduce the capacity of the heat exchanger. Especially, when the size of the equipment is increased, the marine transportation is inevitably selected, and the transportation cost is increased. The apparatus and method for liquefying the vaporized gas for ship according to the present invention can reduce the size of equipment and enable land transportation.
1 is a schematic view of a conventional evaporation gas re-liquefying apparatus for a ship.
2 is a schematic diagram of a conventional evaporation gas re-liquefying apparatus for a ship.
3 is a schematic block diagram of an evaporative gas re-liquefaction apparatus for a ship according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of a part (X of Fig. 1) of a conventional evaporation gas re-liquefying apparatus for ships.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of a part (Y in Fig. 3) of an apparatus for liquefying evaporative gas for a lathe according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a side
7 is a side
8 is a side
9 is a side
10 is a side
11 is a graph comparing the amount of liquefied liquefied natural gas recovered when a conventional liquefaction device for liquefying a ship vaporized gas and a liquefaction device for liquefying gas for a ship of the present invention are applied to a ship.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The apparatus and method for liquefying the vaporized gas for ship according to the present invention can be applied to various applications on ships equipped with liquefied natural gas cargo holds and onshore. In addition, the following examples can be modified in various forms, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
3 is a schematic block diagram of an evaporative gas re-liquefaction apparatus for a ship according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to FIG. 3, the apparatus for liquefying vaporized marine vessels according to the present embodiment includes a plurality of
The
A plurality of compressors (31, 32, 33, 34, 35) of the present embodiment compresses the evaporated gas discharged from the liquefied natural
In the present embodiment, five compression stages including the five
A part of the evaporated gas which has undergone the compression process by the plurality of
The
The
The gas-
The gas-
The
When a high temperature evaporated gas flowing from the
Referring to FIG. 3, the flow of liquefied natural gas and evaporative gas in the evaporative gas re-liquefying apparatus for a ship according to the present embodiment will now be described.
The liquefied natural gas discharged from the
5 is an enlarged schematic view of a part (Y in Fig. 3) of an evaporative gas re-liquefaction apparatus for a ship according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
5, the piping connected to the upper end of the gas-
6 is a side
3 and 6, the
The cross section of the pipe connected to the
6) connected to the
6) is mixed with the evaporation gas (line B3 in FIG. 6) coming from the gas-
On the other hand, the amount of the evaporation gas flowing into the
In addition, when the diameter of the pipe increases, the flow of the evaporation gas flowing inside the pipe is slowed, so that the hot gas and the low-temperature evaporation gas can be mixed in the
Specifically, the diameter of the pipe (line B3 in FIG. 6) connected to the gas-
7 is a side
3 and 7, the
Of the piping connected to the
It should be noted that the cross section of the pipe (line B12 in FIG. 7) connected to the
According to the
7) and the gas-liquid separator 60 (line B12 in Fig. 7) supplied from the
The depth of the piping (line B12 in FIG. 7) connected to the
7) and the pipe connected to the compressor 31 (line B2 in Fig. 7) connected to the
The evaporation gas that has entered the
The amount of the evaporation gas flowing into the
7) connected to the
8 is a side
3 and 8, the
The cross section of the pipe connected to the compressor 31 (the line B2 in FIG. 8) and the pipe connected to the gas-liquid separator 60 (the line B3 in FIG. 8) , And is located on the same plane as the surface of the
The end of the pipe (line B13 in FIG. 8) connected to the
According to the
8 (B13 in Fig. 8) supplied from the
However, the pipe (line B13 in Fig. 8) connected to the
The end portion of the pipe penetrated into the
The depth of the piping (line B13 in FIG. 8) connected to the
The pipe connected to the
The evaporated gas that has entered the
The amount of the evaporation gas flowing into the
8) connected to the
9 is a side
Referring to Figs. 3 and 9, the
The cross section of the pipe connected to the
However, unlike the
It is preferable that the piping (line B1 in FIG. 9) connected to the
9), the evaporated gas entering the
The amount of the evaporation gas flowing into the
9), which is connected to the
10 is a side
3 and 10, the
The cross section of the pipe connected to the
However, unlike the
It is preferable that the piping (line B1 in Fig. 10) connected to the
The evaporation gas that has entered the
The amount of the evaporation gas flowing into the
10) connected to the
The
FIG. 11 is a graph showing the relationship between the liquefied liquefied liquefied gas recovered when applied to a ship equipped with an ME-GI engine, It is a graph comparing the amount of natural gas.
11, when the speed of the ship is slower than 16 knots, the amount of natural gas to be re-liquefied in the conventional evaporative gas remelting apparatus for marine vessel is larger, but when the speed of the ship is higher than 16 knots, It can be seen that the amount of natural gas to be re-liquefied in the evaporative gas remelting device is larger.
That is, as described above, if the speed of the ship is high and the engine uses a large amount of natural gas, it can be confirmed that it is efficient to use the apparatus for liquefying the ship vaporized gas according to the present invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is.
10:
31, 32, 33, 34, 35: compressor 40: engine
50: decompression device 60: gas-liquid separator
71, 72: mixer B1, B2, B3: piping
Claims (13)
A compressor for compressing the evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank;
A heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the evaporated gas compressed by the compressor and the evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank;
A decompression device for decompressing the evaporated gas that has been compressed by the plurality of compressors and passed through the heat exchanger;
A gas-liquid separator which separates the partially re-liquefied liquefied natural gas passing through the plurality of compressors, the heat exchanger and the decompression device, and the evaporated gas remaining in a gaseous state; And
And a mixer for mixing the evaporated gas separated by the gas-liquid separator and the evaporated gas passing through the heat exchanger after being discharged from the storage tank,
Liquid reclaimed liquefied natural gas among the evaporated gas sent to the gas-liquid separator is recovered to the storage tank,
The mixer is installed at a rear end of the heat exchanger,
Wherein the pipe connecting the mixer and the gas-liquid separator is located below the pipe connecting the mixer and the heat exchanger,
And the partially re-liquefied evaporated gas in the mixer is returned to the gas-liquid separator.
The mixer is located above the gas-liquid separator,
The piping connecting the mixer and the gas-liquid separator has one side connected to the lower end of the mixer and the other side connected to the upper end of the gas-liquid separator.
A first pipe connecting the mixer and the heat exchanger;
A second pipe connecting the mixer and the compressor; And
And a third pipe connecting the mixer and the gas-liquid separator.
And a part of the first pipe is penetrated into the mixer.
Wherein the mixer is any one of a sphere, an elliptic sphere, a cylinder, and a rectangular parallelepiped.
Wherein a length of a portion of the first pipe, which is inserted into the mixer,
And when the mixer is spherical, it is 1/4 to 3/4 times the inner diameter of the mixer,
And when the mixer is an elliptical sphere, it is 1/4 to 3/4 times the inner diameter of the short side of the mixer,
And when the mixer is a rectangular parallelepiped, it is 1/4 to 3/4 times the shortest side of the mixer.
Wherein cross-sections of the first to third pipes are located on the same plane as the surface of the mixer.
Wherein the first pipeline and the second pipeline are located on a straight line.
Wherein the diameter of the third pipe is 1/4 to 1 times the diameter of the first pipe.
And an opening formed in a portion of the first pipe which is penetrated into the mixer.
And the end of the first pipe is clogged.
Priority Applications (1)
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KR1020150042508A KR101788752B1 (en) | 2015-03-26 | 2015-03-26 | BOG Re-liquefaction Apparatus and Method for Vessel |
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KR1020150042508A KR101788752B1 (en) | 2015-03-26 | 2015-03-26 | BOG Re-liquefaction Apparatus and Method for Vessel |
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KR101788752B1 true KR101788752B1 (en) | 2017-10-20 |
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KR102066632B1 (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2020-01-15 | 대우조선해양 주식회사 | BOG Re-liquefaction System and Method for Vessel |
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KR101289212B1 (en) * | 2013-05-30 | 2013-07-29 | 현대중공업 주식회사 | A treatment system of liquefied gas |
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KR101289212B1 (en) * | 2013-05-30 | 2013-07-29 | 현대중공업 주식회사 | A treatment system of liquefied gas |
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