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KR101766192B1 - Light controlling device, transparent display device including the same, and method for fabricating the same - Google Patents

Light controlling device, transparent display device including the same, and method for fabricating the same Download PDF

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Publication number
KR101766192B1
KR101766192B1 KR1020150157679A KR20150157679A KR101766192B1 KR 101766192 B1 KR101766192 B1 KR 101766192B1 KR 1020150157679 A KR1020150157679 A KR 1020150157679A KR 20150157679 A KR20150157679 A KR 20150157679A KR 101766192 B1 KR101766192 B1 KR 101766192B1
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
electrode
base film
barrier ribs
liquid crystal
light
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KR1020150157679A
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Korean (ko)
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KR20170054918A (en
Inventor
김기한
안지영
김재현
지석원
Original Assignee
엘지디스플레이 주식회사
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Priority to KR1020150157679A priority Critical patent/KR101766192B1/en
Priority to CN201610865399.9A priority patent/CN106873209B/en
Priority to US15/282,566 priority patent/US10078240B2/en
Publication of KR20170054918A publication Critical patent/KR20170054918A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of KR101766192B1 publication Critical patent/KR101766192B1/en

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    • H01L51/56—
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1334—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • G02F1/133711—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by organic films, e.g. polymeric films
    • G02F1/133723—Polyimide, polyamide-imide
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G02F1/13725—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on guest-host interaction
    • H01L27/3232—
    • H01L27/3248—
    • H01L51/5203—
    • H01L51/5237—
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2202/00—Materials and properties
    • G02F2202/28—Adhesive materials or arrangements
    • H01L2227/32—

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)

Abstract

An embodiment of the present invention provides a light control device capable of preventing a decrease in light transmittance in a transmission mode, a transparent display device including the same, and a method of manufacturing the same.
A light control device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a first base film and a second base film facing each other, a first electrode provided on one surface of the first base film facing the second base film, A second electrode provided on one side of the second base film facing the film, liquid crystal cells provided between the first electrode and the second electrode, partitions for holding the cell gap of the liquid crystal cells, And a second alignment layer provided on one surface of the second electrode and including an adhesive material, wherein an upper portion of each of the barrier ribs is bonded to the second alignment layer, Is provided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a light control device, a transparent display device including the light control device, and a method of manufacturing the same. BACKGROUND ART [0002]

An embodiment of the present invention relates to a light control device, a transparent display device including the light control device, and a method of manufacturing the same.

Recently, as the information age is approaching, a display field for processing and displaying a large amount of information has been rapidly developed, and various display devices have been developed in response to this. Specific examples of such a display device include a liquid crystal display device (LCD), a plasma display panel (PDP), a field emission display device (FED), an electroluminescent display device An electroluminescence display device (ELD), and an organic light emitting diode (OLED).

In recent years, display devices have been made thinner, lighter, and lower in power consumption, and the application fields of display devices are continuously increasing. In particular, display devices are used as one of the user interfaces in most electronic devices and mobile devices.

In recent years, studies have been made actively on a transparent display device which allows a user to view an object or a background located on the back side of the display device. The transparent display device has advantages of space utilization, interior and design, and can have various application fields. The transparent display device realizes the functions of information recognition, information processing, and information display in a transparent electronic device, thereby solving the spatial and visual restrictions of the existing electronic device. For example, the transparent display device may be implemented as a smart window that is applied to a building or a car window to display a background or display an image.

The transparent display device can be realized as an organic light emitting display device. In this case, the power consumption is small. However, the contrast ratio is not problematic in a dark environment, but the contrast ratio is lowered in a light environment. The contrast ratio of the dark environment can be defined as dark room contrast ratio, and the contrast ratio of light environment can be defined as bright room contrast ratio. That is, since the transparent display device has a transmissive area in order to make it possible to see an object or a background located on the rear surface, there is a problem that the bright-room contrast ratio is lowered. Therefore, when the transparent display device is implemented as an organic light emitting display device, a light control device capable of implementing a light shielding mode for intercepting light and a transmissive mode for transmitting light is needed in order to prevent the bright room contrast ratio from lowering.

The light control device may include a first base film, a second base film, a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first base film and the second base film, and barrier ribs for keeping the gap of the liquid crystal layer constant .

However, when an external force is applied to such a conventional light control device, warping may occur between the first base film and the second base film. In this case, the first base film and the second base film can be separated from each other, and the liquid crystal cells provided in the liquid crystal layer move, and the light shielding and transmission characteristics may be deteriorated. That is, the light transmittance of the light control device in the transmission mode may be lowered.

The present invention provides a light control device capable of preventing a decrease in light transmittance in a transmission mode, a transparent display device including the same, and a method of manufacturing the same.

A light control device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a first base film and a second base film facing each other, a first electrode provided on one surface of the first base film facing the second base film, A second electrode provided on one side of the second base film facing the film, liquid crystal cells provided between the first electrode and the second electrode, partitions for holding the cell gap of the liquid crystal cells, And a second alignment layer provided on one surface of the second electrode and including an adhesive material, wherein an upper portion of each of the barrier ribs is bonded to the second alignment layer, Is provided.

A transparent display device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a transparent display panel including a transmissive region and a light emitting region that displays an image, and a light control device disposed on at least one side of the transparent display panel. In this case, the light control device may include a first base film and a second base film facing each other, a first electrode provided on one surface of the first base film facing the second base film, A second electrode provided on one surface of the second base film, liquid crystal cells provided between the first electrode and the second electrode, barrier ribs for holding the cell gap of the liquid crystal cells, one surface of the first electrode, A first alignment layer provided on a side surface of the barrier ribs and a second alignment layer provided on one surface of the second electrode and including an adhesive material, wherein an upper portion of each of the barrier ribs is bonded to the second alignment layer .

A method of manufacturing a light control device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes forming a first electrode on one surface of a first base film and forming a second electrode on one surface of the second base film facing the first base film Forming barrier ribs on one surface of the first electrode, forming a first alignment layer on one surface of the first electrode and the barrier ribs, forming a first alignment layer on one surface of the second electrode facing the first base film, Forming liquid crystal cells in regions partitioned by the barrier ribs, and curing the barrier ribs by inserting the barrier ribs into the second alignment film and then curing the first base film and the second base film, And adhering the film.

According to the means for solving the above problems, since the respective barrier ribs are inserted into the second orientation film including the adhesive material and then adhered, the adhesion force between the second orientation film and the barrier ribs can be increased. Accordingly, when the first base film and the second base film are attached together, it is possible to prevent the first base film and the second base film from being separated by an external impact. Further, it is possible to improve the phenomenon that the liquid crystal cells move due to the external pressure and the light transmittance decreases in the transmissive mode.

In addition to the effects of the present invention mentioned above, other features and advantages of the present invention will be described below, or may be apparent to those skilled in the art from the description and the description.

1 is a perspective view showing a transparent display device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
2 is a plan view showing a transparent display panel, a gate driver, a source drive IC, a flexible film, a circuit board, and a timing controller of a transparent display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is an exemplary view showing a pixel of the display area of FIG. 2;
4 is a sectional view taken along the line I-I 'of Fig. 3;
5 is a perspective view showing a light control device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a cross-sectional view showing one side section of the light control device of Fig. 5;
7 is a flow chart showing a method of manufacturing a light control device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
8A to 8E are cross-sectional views illustrating a method of manufacturing a light control device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The meaning of the terms described herein should be understood as follows.

The word " first, "" second," and the like, used to distinguish one element from another, are to be understood to include plural representations unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. The scope of the right should not be limited by these terms. It should be understood that the terms "comprises" or "having" does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof. It should be understood that the term "at least one" includes all possible combinations from one or more related items. For example, the meaning of "at least one of the first item, the second item and the third item" means that the first item, the second item or the third item, as well as the first item, the second item, Means any combination of items that can be presented from more than one. The term "on" means not only when a configuration is formed directly on top of another configuration, but also when a third configuration is interposed between these configurations.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a light control device, a transparent display device including the light control device, and a manufacturing method thereof according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, like reference numerals are used to denote like elements throughout the drawings, even if they are shown on different drawings. In the following description of the present invention, a detailed description of known functions and configurations incorporated herein will be omitted when it may make the subject matter of the present invention rather unclear.

1 is a perspective view showing a transparent display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a plan view showing a transparent display panel, a gate driver, a source drive IC, a flexible film, a circuit board, and a timing controller of a transparent display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. 3 is an exemplary view showing pixels of the display area of FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line I-I 'of Fig.

Hereinafter, a transparent display device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4. FIG. In FIGS. 1 to 4, the X-axis represents the direction parallel to the gate lines, the Y-axis represents the direction parallel to the data lines, and the Z-axis represents the height direction of the transparent display device.

1 to 4, a transparent display device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a transparent display panel 100, a gate driver 120, a source driver IC (integrated circuit) 130 A flexible film 140, a circuit board 150, a timing control unit 160, a light control device 200, and an adhesive layer 300. [

Although the transparent display device according to the embodiment of the present invention has been described as being implemented with an organic light emitting display, it may be implemented as a liquid crystal display (LCD) or an electrophoresis display .

The transparent display panel 100 includes a lower substrate 111 and an upper substrate 112. The upper substrate 112 may be an encapsulating substrate. The lower substrate 111 is formed to be larger than the upper substrate 112 so that a part of the lower substrate 111 can be exposed without being covered by the upper substrate 112.

Gate lines and data lines are formed in the display area DA of the transparent display panel 100, and light emitting parts may be formed in the intersecting areas of the gate lines and the data lines. The light emitting portions of the display area DA can display an image.

The display area DA includes a transmissive area TA and a light-emitting area EA as shown in Fig. The transparent display panel 100 can see an object or a background located on the back side of the transparent display panel 100 due to the transmissive areas TA and can display an image due to the light emitting areas EA . In FIG. 3, the transmissive area TA and the light emitting area EA are elongated in the gate line direction (X-axis direction). However, the present invention is not limited thereto. That is, the transmissive area TA and the light emitting area EA may be formed long in the data line direction (Y-axis direction).

The transmissive area TA is an area through which the incident light almost passes. The light emitting region EA is a region for emitting light. The light emitting region EA may include a plurality of pixels P and each of the pixels P may include a red light emitting portion RE, a green light emitting portion GE, and a blue light emitting portion BE, But the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, each of the pixels P may further include a white light emitting portion in addition to the red light emitting portion RE, the green light emitting portion GE, and the blue light emitting portion BE. Alternatively, each of the pixels P may include a red light emitting portion RE, a green light emitting portion GE, a blue light emitting portion BE, a yellow light emitting portion, a magenta light emitting portion, and a cyan light emitting portion At least two light emitting portions may be included in the portion.

The red light emitting portion RE is a region for emitting red light, the green light emitting portion GE is a region for emitting green light, and the blue light emitting portion BE is a region for emitting blue light. The red light emitting portion RE, the green light emitting portion GE, and the blue light emitting portion BE of the light emitting region EA emit predetermined light and correspond to a non-transmissive region that does not transmit incident light.

(T), an anode electrode (AND), an organic layer (EL), and a cathode electrode (CAT) are provided in each of the red light emitting portion RE, the green light emitting portion GE and the blue light emitting portion BE .

The transistor T includes an active layer ACT provided on the lower substrate 111, a first insulating film I1 provided on the active layer ACT, a gate electrode GE provided on the first insulating film I1, A second insulating film I2 provided on the electrode GE and a source electrode connected to the active layer ACT through the first and second contact holes CNT1 and CNT2 provided on the second insulating film I2 SE and a drain electrode DE. In FIG. 4, the transistor T is formed in a top gate manner. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. The bottom gate type in which the gate electrode GE is disposed under the active layer ACT may be formed.

The anode electrode AND is connected to the drain electrode DE of the transistor T through the third contact hole CNT3 passing through the interlayer insulating film ILD provided on the source electrode SE and the drain electrode DE . A bank W is provided between the adjacent anode electrodes (AND), whereby the adjacent anode electrodes (AND) can be electrically isolated.

An organic layer EL is provided on the anode electrode AND. The organic layer EL may include a hole transporting layer, an organic light emitting layer, and an electron transporting layer. A cathode electrode (CAT) is provided on the organic layer (EL) and the barrier rib (W). When a voltage is applied to the anode electrode (AND) and the cathode electrode (CAT), the holes and electrons move to the organic light emitting layer through the hole transporting layer and the electron transporting layer, respectively.

In FIG. 4, the transparent display panel 100 is implemented by a top emission method. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and it may be implemented by a bottom emission method. In the top emission type, since the light of the organic layer EL emits in the direction of the upper substrate, the transistor T may be provided broadly below the bank W and the anode electrode AND. Accordingly, the front emission type has an advantage that the design area of the transistor T is wider than that of the back emission type. In the front emission type, it is preferable that the anode electrode (AND) is formed of a metal material having a high reflectivity such as aluminum, a laminate structure of aluminum and ITO, and the cathode electrode (CAT) is formed of a transparent metal material such as ITO or IZO.

As described above, each of the pixels P of the transparent display device according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a transmissive area TA through which incident light is almost passed, and a light emitting area EA that emits light . As a result, embodiments of the present invention can view objects or backgrounds located behind the transparent display device through the transmission areas TA of the transparent display device.

The gate driver 120 supplies the gate signals to the gate lines according to the gate control signal input from the timing controller 160. In FIG. 2, the gate driver 120 is formed on the outside of one side of the display area DA of the transparent display panel 100 in a gate driver in panel (GIP) manner, but the present invention is not limited thereto. That is, the gate driver 120 may be formed on the outside of both sides of the display area DA of the transparent display panel 100 by a GIP method, or may be mounted on a flexible film, To the transparent display panel 100 as shown in FIG.

The source driver IC 130 receives the digital video data and the source control signal from the timing controller 160. The source driver IC 130 converts the digital video data into analog data voltages according to the source control signal and supplies the analog data voltages to the data lines. When the source drive IC 130 is fabricated from a driving chip, the source drive IC 130 may be mounted on the flexible film 140 using a chip on film (COF) method or a chip on plastic (COP) method.

Since the size of the lower substrate 111 is larger than that of the upper substrate 112, a part of the lower substrate 111 can be exposed without being covered by the upper substrate 112. Pads such as data pads are provided on a part of the lower substrate 111 that is not covered by the upper substrate 112 and is exposed. Wires connecting the pads and the source drive IC 130 and wirings connecting the pads and the wirings of the circuit board 150 may be formed in the flexible film 140. The flexible film 140 is adhered to the pads using an anisotropic conducting film, whereby the pads and the wirings of the flexible film 140 can be connected.

The circuit board 150 may be attached to the flexible films 140. The circuit board 150 may be implemented with a plurality of circuits implemented with driving chips. For example, the timing control unit 160 may be mounted on the circuit board 150. [ The circuit board 150 may be a printed circuit board or a flexible printed circuit board.

The timing controller 160 receives digital video data and a timing signal from an external system board (not shown). The timing controller 60 generates a gate control signal for controlling the operation timing of the gate driver 120 and a source control signal for controlling the source driver ICs 130 based on the timing signal. The timing controller 60 supplies a gate control signal to the gate driver 120 and a source control signal to the source driver ICs 30. [

The light control device 200 can block the light incident in the light shield mode and transmit the light incident in the light transmission mode. In the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the light control device 200 has implemented a light blocking mode and a transmissive mode by using a liquid crystal layer having a dynamic scattering mode. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and a PDLC layer a light-shielding mode and a transmissive mode may be implemented using a polymer network liquid crystal layer (PNLC). A detailed description of the light control device 200 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be given later with reference to FIGS. 5 to 6. FIG.

The adhesive layer (300) bonds the transparent display panel (100) and the light control device (200). The adhesive layer 300 may be a transparent adhesive such as OCA (optically clear adhesive) or a transparent adhesive such as OCR (optically clear resin). In this case, the adhesive layer 300 may have a refractive index of 1.4 to 1.9 for refractive index matching between the transparent display panel 100 and the light control device 200.

5 is a perspective view showing a light control device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing one side section of the light control device of Fig. 5;

5 and 6, a light control device 200 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a first base film 210, a second base film 220, a first electrode 230, a second electrode 230, 240, and a liquid crystal layer 250.

The first base film 210 and the second base film 220 may be plastic films. For example, the first base film 210 and the second base film 220 may be formed of a cellulose resin such as TAC (triacetyl cellulose) or DAC (diacetyl cellulose), a cycloolefin (COP) such as Norbornene derivatives, polyolefin such as poly (polycarbonate), PE (polyethylene) or PP (polypropylene), PVA (polyvinyl alcohol), PES polyether sulfone, polyether sulfone, polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyetherimide (PEI), polyethylenenaphthalate (PEN), and polyethyleneterephthalate (PET); polyimide; polysulfone; or fluoride resin But is not limited thereto.

The first electrode 230 is provided on one surface of the first base film 210 facing the second base film 220. The second electrode 240 is provided on one surface of the second base film 220 facing the first base film 210. Each of the first and second electrodes 230 and 240 may be a transparent electrode. For example, each of the first and second electrodes 230 and 240 may include an oxide (e.g., AgO or Ag2O or Ag2O3), an aluminum oxide (e.g., Al2O3), a tungsten oxide (e.g., WO2 or WO3 or W2O3) (Eg, MgO), molybdenum oxide (eg MoO3), zinc oxide (eg ZnO), tin oxide (eg SnO2), indium oxide (eg In2O3), chromium oxide (eg CrO3 or Cr2O3) Oxides such as Sb2O3 or Sb2O5, titanium oxides such as TiO2, nickel oxides such as NiO, copper oxides such as CuO or Cu2O, vanadium oxides such as V2O3 or V2O5, CoO), iron oxide (eg Fe2O3 or Fe3O4), niobium oxide (eg Nb2O5), indium tin oxide (eg ITO), indium zinc oxide (eg Indium Zinc Oxide, IZO) Aluminum doped zinc oxide (ZAO), aluminum-doped tin oxide (eg, aluminum tin oxide, TAO) or antimony tin oxide (eg, antimony tin oxide, ATO), but is not limited thereto.

The liquid crystal layer 250 may be a dynamic scattering mode liquid cyrstal layer comprising liquid crystals, dichroic dyes, and ionic materials. In the dynamic scattering mode, when voltages are applied to the first and second electrodes 230 and 240, liquid crystals and dichroic dyes are randomly moved by ionic materials. In this case, since the light incident on the liquid crystal layer 250 can be scattered by the liquid crystals moving randomly or absorbed by the dichroic dyes, a light shielding mode can be realized. Alternatively, the liquid crystal layer 250 may be a guest host liquid crystal layer comprising liquid crystals and dichroic dyes. In this case, the liquid crystals may be a host material and the dichroic dyes may be a guest material. Alternatively, the liquid crystal layer 250 may be a polymer network liquid crystal layer comprising liquid crystals, dichroic dyes, and a polymer network. In this case, the liquid crystal layer 250 can increase the scattering effect of light incident due to the polymer network. When a polymer network is included, the light shielding ratio can be increased as compared with the case where the polymer network is not shielded. 6 to 7 illustrate that the liquid crystal layer 250 is implemented as a dynamic scattering mode liquid crystal layer for convenience of explanation.

Specifically, the liquid crystal layer 250 may include liquid crystal cells 251, barrier ribs 252, a first alignment layer 253, and a second alignment layer 254, as shown in FIG. The liquid crystal cells 251 include liquid crystals 251a, dichroic dyes 251b, and ionic materials 251c. The long axis direction of the liquid crystal 251a is arranged in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction) by the first and second alignment films 253 and 254 even if no voltage is applied to the first and second electrodes 230 and 240 May be positive liquid crystals. Even if a voltage is not applied to the first and second electrodes 230 and 240 as in the case of the liquid crystal 251a, the long axis direction of the dichroic dyes 251b may be perpendicularly oriented by the first and second alignment films 253 and 254, (Z-axis direction). Accordingly, the light control device 200 can operate in the transmission mode even when no voltage is applied, so that the transmission mode can be realized without power consumption.

The dichroic dyes 251b may be dyes that absorb light. For example, the dichroic dye 251b absorbs light other than a black dye or a specific color (for example, red) that absorbs all of light in a visible light wavelength band, and absorbs light of a specific color ) ≪ / RTI > In the embodiment of the present invention, the dichroic dyes 251b are black dyes. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the dichroic dyes 251b may be dyes having a color of any one of red, green, blue, and yellow, or a mixture thereof. have. In other words, the embodiment of the present invention can shield the back background while expressing various colors in the light shielding mode. Accordingly, the embodiment of the present invention can provide various colors in the light shielding mode, so that the user can feel aesthetic sense. For example, the transparent display device according to an embodiment of the present invention can be used in a public place, and when applied to a smart window or a public window requiring a transmission mode and a light-shielding mode, So that the light can be shielded.

The ionic material 251c serves to allow liquid crystals and dichroic dyes to move randomly. The ionic material 251c may have a predetermined polarity so that the first electrode 230 or the second electrode 240 may be formed in accordance with the polarity of the voltage applied to the first electrode 230 and the second electrode 240. [ . ≪ / RTI > For example, when the ionic material 251c has a negative polarity, when a positive voltage is applied to the first electrode 230 and a negative voltage is applied to the second electrode 240, 1 electrode (230). When the ionic material 251c has a negative polarity, when a positive voltage is applied to the second electrode 240 and a negative voltage is applied to the first electrode 230, (240). When the ionic material 251c has a positive polarity and a positive voltage is applied to the first electrode 230 and a negative voltage is applied to the second electrode 240, And moves to the electrode 240. When the ionic material 251c has a positive polarity and a positive voltage is applied to the second electrode 240 and a negative voltage is applied to the first electrode 230, (230). Therefore, when a voltage is applied to the first and second electrodes 230 and 240, the ion material 251c travels from the first electrode 230 to the second electrode 240 at a predetermined period, 230). ≪ / RTI > In this case, the liquid crystal 251a and the dichroic dyes 251b are randomly moved since the ionic materials 251c move to hit the liquid crystals 251a and the dichroic dyes 251b. The voltage applied to the first and second electrodes 230 and 240 may be an alternating voltage.

Alternatively, the ion materials 251c may exchange electrons with each other according to the polarity of the voltage applied to the first electrode 230 and the second electrode 240. [ Therefore, when an AC voltage having a predetermined period is applied to the first and second electrodes 230 and 240, the ion material 251c exchanges electrons with a predetermined period. In this case, the electrons move to hit the liquid crystal 251a and the dichroic dyes 251b, so that the liquid crystals 251a and the dichroic dyes 251b move randomly. The voltage applied to the first and second electrodes 230 and 240 may be an alternating voltage.

Since the liquid crystal cells 251 are in a liquid state, partition walls 252 for maintaining the cell gaps of the liquid crystal cells 251 are required. The barrier ribs 252 may be disposed on one side of the first electrode 230 facing the second base film 220. The barrier ribs 252 may be spaced apart at predetermined intervals, and the liquid crystal cells 251 may be partitioned by the barrier ribs 252. The ratio of the liquid crystals 251a to the dichroic dyes 251b per liquid crystal cell 251 can be kept almost similar due to the barrier ribs 252. [

The upper portion of each of the barrier ribs 252 is bonded to the second alignment film 254. In this case, the upper portion of each of the partition walls 252 may be partially inserted into the second capping membrane 254. That is, the upper portion of each of the barrier ribs 252 is inserted into the second orientation film 254 and then hardened, so that the second orientation film 254 and the barrier ribs 252 can be adhered to each other. Accordingly, an adhesion region 255 may be provided between the barrier ribs 252 and the second alignment layer 254. In this case, the adhesive region 255 may include a first alignment layer 253 remaining on each of the barrier ribs 252.

The barrier ribs 252 are for maintaining a cell gap of the liquid crystal layer 250. Since the barrier ribs 252 are formed, when the external force is applied, the inside of the liquid crystal layer 250 can be protected. The barrier ribs 252 may be formed of a transparent material. In this case, the barrier ribs 252 may be formed of any one of photo resist, photo-curable polymer, and polydimethylsiloxane, but are not limited thereto.

Alternatively, the barrier ribs 252 may include a material capable of absorbing light. For example, each of the partitions 252 may be implemented as a black partition. In this case, the barrier ribs 252 can absorb the light scattered by the liquid crystal 251a in the light shielding mode, so that the light shielding ratio of the light shielding mode can be increased. Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the barrier ribs 252 are provided corresponding to the light emitting area EA of the transparent display panel 100, so that even if each of the barrier ribs 252 is implemented as a black barrier rib, It does not.

Alternatively, the barrier ribs 252 may include scattering particles capable of scattering light. The scattering particles can be beads or silica balls. In this case, the partition walls 252 can scatter the light scattered by the liquid crystal 251a in the light shielding mode, thereby making the light path longer. When the light path is long, the probability of light being absorbed by the dichroic dyes 251b is increased, so that the light shielding ratio of the light shielding mode can be increased.

On the other hand, the barrier ribs 252 actively pass light or can not block light as the liquid crystal cells 251. That is, when the barrier ribs 252 are formed of a transparent material, they only pass light and do not function to block light. In addition, when the barrier ribs 252 include a material that absorbs light or a material that scatters light, it only scatters or blocks light, and does not pass light. Therefore, when the barrier ribs 252 are formed in the region corresponding to the transmissive area TA of the transparent display device, light leakage occurs in the barrier ribs 252 in the light shielding mode and the light transmittance is increased, There is a problem in that the light transmittance is lowered by intercepting the light. 6, the barrier ribs 252 are arranged corresponding to the emission regions EA of the transparent display panel 100, and the liquid crystal cells 251 are arranged in the transmissive regions TA of the transparent display panel 100 It is preferable to arrange them correspondingly. The barrier ribs 252 may be arranged in a stripe shape, but are not limited thereto, and may be arranged in a honeycomb shape or p (p is a positive integer of 3 or more) square shape.

The first alignment layer 253 is provided on the first electrode 230 and the barrier ribs 252 facing the second base film 220. The first alignment layer 253 may be formed to a thickness of several hundreds of angstroms (A) or less, for example, 200 angstroms or less. Accordingly, a first alignment layer 253 having a small thickness may be formed on the upper surface of each of the barrier ribs 252. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and a portion where the first alignment layer 253 is not formed may be formed on the upper surface of each of the barrier ribs 252 according to a process variation. A part of the first alignment layer 253 provided on the barrier ribs 252 may be separated from the barrier ribs 252 during the process of inserting the barrier ribs 252 into the second alignment layer 254. The adhesive region 255 may be a portion where the first alignment layer 253 and the second alignment layer 254 remaining on the partition walls 252 and the partition walls 252 are physically bonded. For example, polyimide (PI) may be used as the first alignment layer 253, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

The second alignment layer 254 is provided on one surface of the second electrode 240 facing the first base film 210. The barrier ribs 252 may be inserted into the second alignment layer 254. In this case, the first alignment film 253 provided on the barrier ribs 252 may also be inserted into the second alignment film 254. Accordingly, the thickness of the second alignment layer 254 may be thicker than the thickness of the first alignment layer 253. The barrier ribs 252 are inserted into the second alignment layer 254 and then hardened so that an adhesion area 255 is provided between the second alignment layer 254 and the barrier ribs 252. [ The adhesion region 255 may include a first alignment layer 253 and a second alignment layer 254 remaining on the barrier ribs 252 and the barrier ribs 252, respectively.

The second alignment layer 254 may be a polyimide (PI) containing an adhesive material. As the adhesive material, an epoxy resin, a polyolefin resin, an acrylic resin, or the like may be used, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Since the second alignment layer 254 includes an adhesive material, the upper portion of each of the barrier ribs 252 can be adhered to the second alignment layer 254.

One side of the second alignment film can be subjected to a hydrophobic treatment. Here, one surface of the second alignment film is defined as a surface facing the first base film. The liquid crystal cells 251 provided between the second alignment layer 254 and the first alignment layer 253 may be bonded to one surface of the second alignment layer 254 because the second alignment layer 254 includes an adhesive material . However, in the embodiment of the present invention, since one surface of the second alignment layer 254 is subjected to hydrophobic treatment, adhesion of the liquid crystal cells 251 to the second alignment layer 254 can be prevented.

On the other hand, in order to increase the adhesion of the second alignment film 254, it is preferable that the thickness of the second alignment film 254 is increased. However, when the thickness of the second alignment layer 254 is increased, there is a problem that the voltage applied to the second electrode 240 must be increased to properly apply the vertical electric field to the liquid crystal layer 250. The embodiment of the present invention may be implemented such that the second alignment layer 254 includes nano particles having a high dielectric constant in order to lower the voltage applied to the second electrode 240. [ Nanoparticles can be silicon dioxide nanoparticles, indium tin oxide nanoparticles (eg, ITO nano particles), or titanium oxide nanoparticles (eg, TiO 2 nano particles). When the second alignment layer 254 includes nanoparticles, the dielectric constant of the second alignment layer 254 can be increased. Therefore, even if the voltage applied to the second electrode 240 is not increased, a vertical electric field is generated in the liquid crystal layer 250 It can be properly authorized.

The first and second alignment layers 253 and 254 are formed so that the longitudinal axes of the liquid crystals 251a and the dichroic dyes 251b are aligned in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction).

As the area of the barrier ribs 255 is wider, the adhesion area between the barrier ribs 255 and the second orientation film 254 is increased, so that the adhesion between the barrier ribs 255 and the second orientation film 254 can be increased. When the first and second base films 210 and 220 are plastic films, it is difficult to attach the first and second base films 210 and 220 using a separate adhesive. Therefore, It is preferable to widen the adhesion area between the barrier ribs 255 and the second alignment layer 254 in order to increase the adhesion between the alignment layers 254. [ However, since the area of the liquid crystal cells 251 becomes narrower as the area of the barrier ribs 255 becomes wider, the shading ratio of the shading mode can be lowered. Therefore, the area of the barrier ribs 255 can be appropriately set in consideration of the adhesion between the barrier ribs 255 and the second orientation film 254 and the light shielding ratio of the light shielding mode.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, since the barrier ribs 252 are inserted and adhered to the second orientation film 254 including the adhesive material, the adhesion between the second orientation film 254 and the barrier ribs 252 is increased . Accordingly, when the first base film 210 and the second base film 220 are attached together, the first base film 210 and the second base film 220 can be prevented from being separated due to an external impact . Further, it is possible to improve the phenomenon that the liquid crystal cells 251 move due to the external pressure, and the light transmittance decreases in the transmissive mode.

7 is a flowchart illustrating a method of manufacturing a light control device according to an embodiment of the present invention. 8A to 8E are cross-sectional views illustrating a method of manufacturing a light control device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Hereinafter, a method for fabricating a light control device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 7 and FIGS. 8A to 8E.

8A, a first electrode 230 is formed on one surface of a first base film 210 and a second electrode 230 is formed on one surface of a second base film 220 facing the first base film 210 The second electrode 240 is formed. (S101 in Fig. 7)

Secondly, the barrier ribs 252 are formed on one surface of the first electrode 230 as shown in FIG. 8B. The barrier ribs 252 may be formed by an imprinting method or a photolithography method.

When the barrier ribs 252 are formed by imprinting, the material for forming the barrier ribs 252 may be coated on one surface of the first electrode 230 facing the second base film 220, The barrier ribs 252 can be formed by pressing them with a mold made of a polymer material. In this case, it is preferable that the barrier ribs 252 are arranged to correspond to the emission regions EA of the transparent display panel 100, so that the width of the barrier ribs 252 is preferably equal to or smaller than the width of the emission regions EA Do.

When the barrier ribs 252 are formed by a photolithography method, the material for forming the barrier ribs 252 is coated on one surface of the first electrode 230 facing the second base film 220, The barrier ribs 252 can be formed.

When the barrier ribs 252 are formed of a transparent material, they may be formed of any one of a photoresist, a photocurable polymer, and polydimethylsiloxane. Alternatively, the barrier ribs 252 may include a material capable of absorbing light. For example, each of the partitions 252 may be implemented as a black partition. Alternatively, the barrier ribs 252 may include scattering particles capable of scattering light. The scattering particles can be beads or silica balls.

6, the barrier ribs 252 are arranged corresponding to the emission regions EA of the transparent display panel 100, and the liquid crystal cells 251 are arranged in the transmissive regions TA of the transparent display panel 100 Can be disposed correspondingly. (S102 in Fig. 7)

8C, a first alignment layer 253 is formed on one side of the first electrode 230 and the barrier ribs 252, and the second alignment layer 253 is formed on the second electrode 252 facing the first base film 210. [ A second alignment layer 254 is formed on one side of the first alignment layer 240. The thickness of the second alignment layer 254 may be thicker than the thickness of the first alignment layer 253 because the barrier ribs 252 must be inserted into the second alignment layer 254. As the first and second alignment films 253 and 254, polyimide (PI) may be used. In this case, the second alignment layer 254 may include an adhesive material for increasing the adhesion between the barrier ribs 252 and the second alignment layer 254. [ The first and second alignment layers 253 and 254 are formed so that the longitudinal axes of the liquid crystals 251a and the dichroic dyes 251b are aligned in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction).

In addition, the surface of the second alignment layer 254 may be subjected to hydrophobic treatment. Accordingly, the liquid crystal cells 251 formed in the subsequent process can be prevented from adhering to the surface of the second alignment layer 254. [ (S103 in Fig. 7)

Fourth, liquid crystal cells 251 are formed by filling liquid crystal material in regions partitioned by barrier ribs 252 as shown in FIG. 8D. The liquid crystal cell 251 is formed such that the height of the upper surface of the liquid crystal cell 251 is lower than the height of the upper surface of the barrier rib 252 because the barrier rib 252 must be inserted into the second alignment film 254 . The process of filling the regions partitioned by the barrier ribs 252 with the liquid crystal material may be performed by an inkjet method. The liquid crystal material may include liquid crystals 251a, dichroic dyes 251b, and ionic materials 251c. (S104 in Fig. 7)

8E, the first base film 210 and the second base film 220 are bonded together by inserting the barrier ribs 252 into the second alignment film 254 and curing the same. In this case, the first alignment layer 253 formed on the barrier ribs 252 and the barrier ribs 252 may be inserted into the second alignment layer 254. In this case, since the thickness of the first alignment film 253 is thin, the barrier ribs 252 can be exposed to the outside of the first alignment film 253. Accordingly, the second alignment layer 254 and the barrier ribs 252 can be bonded to each other, and the adhesion region 255 can be provided between the second alignment layer 254 and the barrier ribs 252. (S105 in Fig. 7)

According to the embodiment of the present invention, the barrier ribs 252 can be adhered to the second orientation film 254 by inserting the barrier ribs 252 into the second orientation film 254 including the adhesive material and curing the barrier ribs. As a result, when the first base film 210 and the second base film 220 are attached together, the adhesive force between the second alignment film 254 and the barrier ribs 252 can be increased, It is possible to prevent the film 210 and the second base film 220 from being separated from each other. Further, it is possible to improve the phenomenon that the liquid crystal cells 251 move due to the external pressure, and the light transmittance decreases in the transmissive mode.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the general inventive concept as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. Will be clear to those who have knowledge of. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims, and all changes or modifications derived from the meaning and range of the claims and their equivalents should be interpreted as being included in the scope of the present invention.

100: Transparent display panel
111: lower substrate 112: upper substrate
120: Gate driver 130: Source drive IC
140: flexible film 150: circuit board
160: timing control unit 200: light control device
210: first base film 220: second base film
230: first electrode 240: second electrode
250: liquid crystal layer 251: liquid crystal cell
252: barrier rib 253: first alignment film
254: second alignment layer 300: adhesive layer

Claims (12)

A first base film and a second base film facing each other;
A first electrode provided on one surface of the first base film facing the second base film;
A second electrode provided on one surface of the second base film facing the first base film;
Liquid crystal cells provided between the first electrode and the second electrode;
Barrier ribs for holding the cell gap of the liquid crystal cells and partitioning the liquid crystal cells;
A first alignment layer provided on one surface of the first electrode and on a side surface of the barrier ribs; And
And a second alignment layer provided on one side of the second electrode and including an adhesive material,
And an adhesive region in which an upper portion of each of the partition walls is adhered to an adhesive material of the second alignment film is provided. The method according to claim 1,
And the first alignment film remains in the adhesion area. The method according to claim 1,
And an upper portion of each of the partition walls is partially inserted into the second alignment film. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the thickness of the second alignment film is thicker than the thickness of the first alignment film. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the first and second alignment layers comprise polyimide (PI). The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the adhesive material comprises an epoxy resin, a polyolefin resin, or an acrylic resin. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein each of the liquid crystal cells comprises:
A light control device comprising liquid crystals and dichroic dyes that absorb light. 8. The method of claim 7,
Wherein each of the liquid crystal cells comprises:
Further comprising ionic materials for moving the liquid crystals and the dichroic dyes when voltages are applied to the first electrode and the second electrode in alternating current. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein each of the liquid crystal cells comprises:
Further comprising a polymer network that scatters incident light. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the second alignment layer comprises nanoparticles. A transparent display panel including a transmissive region and a light-emitting region for displaying an image; And
And a light control device disposed on at least one surface of the transparent display panel,
The light control device includes:
A first base film and a second base film facing each other;
A first electrode provided on one surface of the first base film facing the second base film;
A second electrode provided on one surface of the second base film facing the first base film;
Liquid crystal cells provided between the first electrode and the second electrode;
Barrier ribs for holding the cell gap of the liquid crystal cells and partitioning the liquid crystal cells;
A first alignment layer provided on one surface of the first electrode and on a side surface of the barrier ribs; And
And a second alignment layer provided on one side of the second electrode and including an adhesive material,
An adhesive region where an upper portion of each of the barrier ribs is adhered to an adhesive material of the second alignment film is provided,
Wherein the liquid crystal cells overlap the transmissive region and the barrier ribs overlap the light emitting region. Forming a first electrode on one surface of the first base film and forming a second electrode on one surface of the second base film facing the first base film;
Forming barrier ribs on one surface of the first electrode;
Forming a first alignment layer on one surface of the first electrode and on the barrier ribs and forming a second alignment layer including an adhesive material on one surface of the second electrode facing the first base film;
Forming each of the liquid crystal cells in regions partitioned by the partition walls; And
Bonding the first base film and the second base film by adhering the barrier ribs to the adhesive material, inserting the barrier ribs into the second orientation film, and curing the barrier ribs.
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