KR101720684B1 - Extruding System for filament in 3D printer - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is an apparatus capable of carrying out three-dimensional printing operations while producing filaments using pellet-like raw materials. According to the present invention, since raw material insertion and filament formation can be conducted in a single apparatus, the production of three-dimensional articles while directly producing the filaments is possible through direct insertion of pellets (raw materials) for producing the filaments without involvement of additional filament production processes, instead of using filaments which are applied to three-dimensional printers.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to an extruding system for filament in 3D printer,

The present invention relates to a technique having a device for realizing a 3D printing operation simultaneously with the production of a filament by using a pellet-shaped raw material.

3D printers have been developed for the purpose of making prototypes before a product is commercialized by a company but have developed in the early stages of the process, limited to plastic materials, expanded to nylon and metal materials, .

In general, it is divided into a 3D printer method (additive type or rapid prototyping method) and a cutting type machining method (computer numerically controlled engraving method) in which a large lump is cut by stacking up a layer by a method of forming a three-dimensional form. The object can be determined in various ways.

The FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling) method is typical in the laminated type, and is called a FFF (Fused Filament Fragment). A plastic wire called a filament is used as a material.

The material is similar to the glue gun used in home applications in the form of melting the melt while passing through a heated extruder and laminating the material flowing through the nozzle onto the output plate to shape the required shape.

The material of such a 3D printer is realized by using a thin plastic yarn called a filament as described above, and melting the filaments and stacking them from the bottom up.

These filaments have been developed and commercialized by manufacturers, and the quality of the filaments is different according to the materials, so it is very difficult to apply individual temperature control.

Such a filament is made of a thin synthetic resin material, which is obtained by melting a pellet as a raw material as shown in FIG. 1A and implementing a structure in which a filament is wound on a bobbin as shown in FIG. 1B. In the case of a separate filament structure, since the filament structure is stored in a wound state and loaded into the apparatus, the operation time becomes long in the case of a large workpiece, The process of stopping the work in the middle and replacing the filament should be repeated frequently. This process lowers the process yield and increases the probability of failure of the process due to breakage in the process of importing and storing the filament structure in large quantities.

Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1502342 Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1441030

The embodiments of the present invention have been devised to solve the above-described problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a method of manufacturing a three-dimensional printer in which a filament is applied to a 3D printer, The filaments can be directly manufactured without the separate filament manufacturing operation by directly injecting the pellets (raw material) for producing the filaments, and the 3D stereoscopic material realization can be performed. In the case of the precise work requiring a large number of workpieces or filament structures, So that it is possible to provide an integrated filament extrusion system capable of maximizing the manufacturing efficiency.

As a means for solving the above-mentioned problems, in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, a raw material loading module 100 for loading a synthetic resin raw material in the form of particles and loading the raw material into the receiving portion 130, A filament forming module 200 including a screw portion 220 coupled to a lower portion of the receiving portion 130 of the raw material loading module 100 to guide the raw material supplied from the receiving portion downward; And a driving module 300 coupled to the upper portion of the receiving part 130 to move the nozzle unit 240 of the filament forming module 200.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, the introduction of raw materials and the formation of filaments can be realized in a single apparatus. As a result, pellets (raw materials) for manufacturing filaments can be directly introduced without using filaments applied to a 3D printer, It is possible to manufacture a filament directly without a separate filament manufacturing operation and to perform a 3D stereoscopic realization work.

Therefore, in the case of a precise work requiring a large amount of work or a filament structure, the process of replacing the filament is eliminated, thereby realizing the advantage of maximizing the manufacturing efficiency.

In addition, since the filament is not required for the conventional 3D printer, there is no process failure due to hardening or breakage of the filament, defects in the process, and the like, and the process speed is also increased.

In addition, since a process for producing filaments is not required, not only the process cost is reduced but also the use of only pellets results in a significant reduction in material cost.

Figures 1a and 1b show pellet and filament images.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the essential part of the integrated filament extrusion sheath according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a side view of Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 is a rear perspective view of Fig.

Hereinafter, the configuration and operation according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same elements regardless of the reference numerals, and redundant description thereof will be omitted. The terms first, second, etc. may be used to describe various components, but the components should not be limited by the terms. The terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the essential part of the integrated filament extrusion system (hereinafter referred to as "the present system") according to the embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a side view of Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 is a rear perspective view of Fig.

2 to 4, the present system includes a raw material loading module 100 for loading a raw material of synthetic resin in the form of particles and loading the raw material into a receiving part 130, a receiving part 130 of the raw material loading module 100, A filament forming module 200 coupled to a lower portion of the receiving portion 130 and including a screw portion 220 guiding a raw material supplied from the receiving portion in a downward direction, And a driving module 300 for moving the position of the nozzle unit 240 of the nozzle unit 200.

Unlike the conventional 3D printer which performs 3D printing using a filament as a material, the structure of the present system is such that pellets (particulate structure), which is a raw material of filaments, are directly introduced, and filament type extrudates And 3D printing operation can be performed in real time.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the raw material loading module 100 of the present system includes an input unit 110 for inputting the raw material so that pellets (synthetic resin material) in the form of particles can be directly introduced . 1A, the PLA pellets and the ABS pellets can be mainly applied. In general, PLA filaments can be used for industrial use, and ABS filaments can be used for industrial use. .

The raw material loading module 100 includes a guide part 120 for guiding a raw material passing through the charging part 110 to the receiving part 130. The raw material passing through the guide part 120 is guided to the guide part 120. [ And a receiving part 130 for receiving the separated space between the screw part and the screw part.

The pellet moves along the inclined surface 122 of the guide portion 120 and is accommodated in the accommodating portion 130 communicating with the guide portion 120 . The receptacle 130 functions to temporarily store the pellets in order to provide a predetermined amount of pellets into the filament forming module 200 to be described later.

The filament forming module 200 may be disposed at a lower portion of the accommodating portion 130 and functions to extrude the melted pellets stored in the accommodating portion 130 into a filament type structure do.

For this purpose, the filament forming module 200 is disposed in a structure that passes through the receiving part 130 and includes a main shaft part 210 coupled with the driving module 300 described above. In this case, a screw portion 220 including a screw implemented on the surface of the main shaft portion is provided, and further, the screw portion 220 is spaced apart from the structure of the screw portion 220, And a heating unit 230 to be melted. When the pellets provided in the accommodating part 130 are inserted, the screw part 220 rotates the main shaft and functions to move the pellet downward along the threads. At the same time, the melt of the pellet melted in the heating part 230 is also subjected to a constant downward pressing force by the rotation of the screw part, so that the melt can be extruded into the filament shape through the nozzle part 240 do.

The heating unit 230 is heated to a temperature at which the pellet can be melted according to a control operation of an external control circuit. In this system, it is preferable that the heating mechanism of the heating unit can be controlled to a temperature of 180 ° C to 260 ° C.

 In addition, the present system may include a nozzle unit 240 coupled to a distal end of the heating unit 230 and configured to extrude the molten raw material in a filament form in the heating unit. The nozzle unit 240 allows the molten material melted by the heating unit 230 to be extruded downward by the rotation mechanism and the gravity of the screw, and can be formed into a filament type structure.

The nozzle unit 230 of the present system may be realized as a detachable structure that can be engaged with or separated from the distal end of the heating unit 230 so as to be extruded into a filament structure having various thicknesses (diameters) It is more preferable to form the interchangeable type.

The nozzle unit 230 may adjust the thickness of the filament structure in a range of 0.4 mm to 2 mm. In one embodiment, the diameter of the nozzle may be set to 0.4 mm (the height of the stacking height is 0.2 mm) for precision output, and the diameter of the nozzle may be set to 0.8 mm (maximum height of the stacking height is 0.6 mm) for high speed output.

1 to 3, a first spaced portion spaced apart from the lower portion of the receiving portion and an upper end of the heating portion 230 is formed, and the screw portion exposed to the first spaced portion, And a guide pipe 225 for sealing the outer circumferential surface of the guide pipe 220. The guide tube 225 functions to separate a predetermined distance from the accommodating portion to prevent thermal deformation of the accommodating portion by the heating operation of the heating portion 230, To guide the pellet to the pellet. Of course, when the receiving part 130 is formed of a material having a low thermal conductivity, the guide part may be removed, and the heating part and the receiving part may be bonded directly.

1 to 3, the present system includes a driving module 300 (not shown) coupled to an upper portion of the receiving portion 130 to move the position of the nozzle portion 240 of the filament forming module 200, ). ≪ / RTI >

The driving module 300 includes a gear portion 330 coupled to one end of a main shaft portion 210 passing through the receiving portion 130 and a pair of gears constituting the gear portion 330 And a driving unit 320 for applying a driving voltage.

That is, the driving module 300 is configured so that the nozzle unit 230 can be directly connected to the main shaft of the filament forming module 200, Axis, the Y-axis, and the Z-axis in the reference direction.

2, the gear unit 330 includes a first gear 332 coupled to one end of the main shaft 210 and a second gear 332 coupled to one end of the first gear 332 And a second gear 334 for transmitting the second gear 334 to the second gear 334.

As shown in the figures, the first gear and the second gear are applicable to a bevel gear structure, and the size of the first gear is larger than that of the second gear so that the increase in torque through 2: 1 deceleration You can deploy it to implement. This is to make it possible to switch the moving direction of the nozzle part of the present system structurally.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, the second gear 334 receives a driving force from the driving unit 320 at the rear of the second gear 334, and the driving unit 320 It can be implemented as a step motor. A system block 310 for X-axis movement may be disposed on the driving unit 320 and a supporting unit 310 for coupling the system block 310, the filament forming module 200, (Y). The support portion (Y) changes the plate shape of the bent structure, which can smoothly move the X and Y axes of the driving portion. Further, a through hole through which the main shaft part 210 passes is formed on the surface of the support part Y so that the end of the main shaft can be engaged with the first gear 332, And a coupling hole for coupling the second gear and the drive shaft of the step motor to the surface may be implemented. 2, a cover member 340 may be further disposed between the accommodating portion 130 and the support portion Y to prevent breakage of the accommodating portion and to realize a more stable connection structure have.

FIG. 6 illustrates only the raw material loading module 100, the screw part 220, the heating part 230, and the nozzle part 240 described above with reference to FIG. As described above, the main shaft portion 210 is provided with a screw portion 220 on the surface of which a thread is formed at regular intervals and intervals, and is wrapped around the screw portion 220 at a position spaced apart from the surface of the screw portion 220. So that the portion 230 can be disposed. The above-described pellet structure is lowered into the spacing space S, and the pellet is melted by the heat of the heating portion.

The rotating operation of the screw unit 220 can provide a lowering force for pushing down the pellets and the molten material to the nozzle unit 230.

According to the above-described system, the introduction of the raw material and the formation of the filaments can be realized in a single apparatus. Thus, without using the filament applied to the 3D printer, the pellets (raw material) It is possible to manufacture the filament directly without the filament manufacturing operation and to realize the 3D stereoscopic material realizing the advantage that the working efficiency can be maximized.

Accordingly, in the case of a precise work requiring a large number of workpieces or filament structures, the process of replacing filaments can be eliminated and the manufacturing efficiency can be increased. In addition, since the filament is not required for a conventional 3D printer, , Process defects due to defects in the process do not occur, and the process speed becomes very fast.

In particular, in the case of 3D printers produced at present, there are many problems due to difficulties in supply and management of extrusion nozzles and filaments, and production troubles are increasing. Particularly, in order to reach large-sized equipment, limitation of 3D printing using filament as raw material The system must overcome this limitation.

In the foregoing detailed description of the present invention, specific examples have been described. However, various modifications are possible within the scope of the present invention. The technical idea of the present invention should not be limited to the embodiments of the present invention but should be determined by the equivalents of the claims and the claims.

100: Raw material loading module
110:
120: guide portion
130:
200: filament forming module
210: main shaft portion
220: screw part
230:
240: nozzle portion
300: drive module
310: Transfer system block
320:
330: gear portion

Claims (8)

A raw material loading module 100 for loading a synthetic resin raw material in the form of particles and loading the raw material into the receiving portion 130 and the lower portion of the receiving portion 130 of the raw material loading module 100, A filament forming module (200) including a screw part (220) guiding a raw material in a downward direction; And a driving module 300 coupled to an upper portion of the receiving portion 130 to move a position of the nozzle portion 240 of the filament forming module 200,
The filament forming module (200) comprises: a main shaft portion (210) coupled with the driving module and passing through the receiving portion; A screw part 220 including a screw mounted on a surface of the main shaft part; A heating part 230 spaced apart from the screw part 220 to surround the screw part 220, the heating part 230 being heated by a temperature control field to melt the raw material; And a nozzle unit 240 coupled to a distal end of the heating unit 230 and configured to extrude the molten raw material from the heating unit into a filament type extrudate,
A guide pipe 225 for sealing the outer circumferential surface of the screw part 220 exposed to the first spacing part is formed in the first spaced part and the lower part of the accommodating part and the upper end of the heating part 230 are spaced apart from each other, And the lower portion of the guide tube and the upper surface of the heating portion 230 are in direct contact with each other,
The nozzle unit 240 may be configured to directly perform a 3D printing operation on the filament type extrudate to be extruded from the nozzle unit 240,
Integrated filament type molding extrusion system.
delete The method according to claim 1,
The nozzle unit 240,
And is coupled to a detachable structure detachable from a distal end of the heating unit (230).
delete The method of claim 3,
The raw material loading module (100)
An input unit 110 for inputting the raw material;
A guide part 120 for guiding the raw material passing through the charging part 110 to the accommodating part 130;
And a receiving part (130) for injecting the raw material passed through the guide part (120) into a space separated between the guide pipe and the screw part,
The raw material loading module 100 is disposed in a lateral direction of the guide portion 120 so that a raw material to be introduced into the accommodating portion 130 flows into the side of the screw portion, And a guide surface (122)
Wherein the extruding system comprises an extruder.
delete The method of claim 5,
The driving module (300)
A gear portion 330 coupled to one end of the main shaft portion 210 passing through the receiving portion 130,
A driving unit 320 for applying a driving force to a pair of gears constituting the gear unit 330;
Wherein the extruding system comprises an extruder.
The method of claim 7,
The gear portion (330)
A first gear 332 coupled to one end of the main shaft portion 210,
And a second gear (334) for transmitting the driving force transmitted from the driving unit to the first gear (332).
Integrated filament type molding extrusion system.

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