KR101674642B1 - Liquid crystal display including encapsulated liquid crystal - Google Patents

Abstract

A liquid crystal display device according to the present invention includes a first substrate, a first electrode formed on the first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, a second electrode formed on the second substrate, A plurality of liquid crystal capsules formed between the first electrode and the second electrode and including a liquid crystal and a capsule film surrounding the liquid crystal; and a liquid crystal layer having a plurality of nanoparticles dispersed between the liquid crystal capsules, The diameter of the capsule may have a deviation of +/- 6.5%.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display (LCD)

The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device including a liquid crystal capsule.

2. Description of the Related Art A liquid crystal display (LCD) is one of the most widely used flat panel displays, and is composed of two substrates on which electrodes are formed and a liquid crystal layer interposed therebetween. And rearranges the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer to adjust the amount of light transmitted.

When the liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal display device is formed of a plurality of liquid crystal capsules, the screen distortion occurring when the liquid crystal display device is warped or pressure is applied to the surface of the liquid crystal display device can be minimized.

These liquid crystal capsules are generally prepared by agitating liquid crystal and capsule material using a stirrer. However, in this case, it is difficult to uniformize the size of the liquid crystal capsule. The electro-optical characteristics of the liquid crystal display device using the liquid crystal capsules of unequal sizes vary depending on the size of the liquid crystal capsules. Since the size of the liquid crystal capsules is uneven, scattering occurs due to the difference in refractive index between the liquid crystal capsules, The characteristics are degraded.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a liquid crystal display device including a liquid crystal capsule of a uniform size.

A liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a first substrate, a first electrode formed on the first substrate, a second substrate facing the lower substrate, a second electrode formed on the second substrate, A plurality of liquid crystal capsules formed between the first electrode and the second electrode and including a liquid crystal and a capsule film surrounding the liquid crystal; and a liquid crystal layer having a plurality of nanoparticles dispersed between the liquid crystal capsules, The diameter of the plurality of liquid crystal capsules may have a deviation of +/- 6.5%.

The liquid crystal capsule may be a cholesteric liquid crystal capsule including a cholesteric liquid crystal and a cholesteric capsule film surrounding the cholesteric liquid crystal.

Wherein the liquid crystal capsule comprises a left-handed cholesteric liquid crystal capsule and a left-handed cholesteric liquid crystal capsule surrounding the left-handed cholesteric liquid crystal and the left-handed cholesteric liquid crystal, a primary cholesteric liquid crystal, And a preferential cholesteric liquid crystal capsule including a primary cholesteric capsule film surrounding the liquid crystal.

The plurality of left-handed cholesteric liquid crystal capsules constitute a left-handed cholesteric liquid crystal capsule layer, and the plurality of priority cholesteric liquid crystal capsules may constitute a primary cholesteric liquid crystal capsule layer.

The liquid crystal capsule may be a nematic liquid crystal capsule including a nematic liquid crystal and a nematic capsule film surrounding the nematic liquid crystal.

The liquid crystal capsules of the liquid crystal capsule layer may be dispersed.

The liquid crystal capsule of the liquid crystal capsule layer may comprise at least one layer.

The nanoparticles may have a dielectric constant different from that of the capsule membrane.

The diameter of the liquid crystal capsule may be 10 nm to 100 탆, and the thickness of the capsule film may be 1 nm to 10 탆.

According to the present invention, it is possible to manufacture liquid crystal capsules of uniform size by introducing the liquid crystal and the capsule film material into the first oil tube and the second oil tube, respectively, and controlling the flow rate and flow rate of the liquid crystal and the capsule film material.

Further, by forming a liquid crystal layer including liquid crystal capsules of a uniform size, a liquid crystal display device having a constant electro-optical characteristic and excellent optical characteristics can be manufactured.

1 is a schematic view of a liquid crystal capsule manufacturing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
2 is an enlarged view of a portion A in Fig.
FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are views sequentially showing a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal capsule using the apparatus for manufacturing a liquid crystal capsule according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a schematic view of a liquid crystal capsule manufacturing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention
6 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
9 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
10 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
11 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein.

In order to clearly illustrate the present invention, parts not related to the description are omitted, and the same or similar components are denoted by the same reference numerals throughout the specification.

In addition, since the sizes and thicknesses of the respective components shown in the drawings are arbitrarily shown for convenience of explanation, the present invention is not necessarily limited to those shown in the drawings.

Hereinafter, a liquid crystal capsule manufacturing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a liquid crystal capsule manufacturing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion A in Fig.

1 and 2, the apparatus for manufacturing a liquid crystal capsule according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a first oil pipe 1 through which a liquid crystal 13 flows, a second oil pipe 2 through which a capsule material 14 flows 2, a third oil pipe 3 connected to an outlet of the first oil pipe 1 and an outlet of the second oil pipe 2.

The liquid crystal 13 may be a cholesteric liquid crystal or a nematic liquid crystal. And, the encapsulating membrane material 14 may be a silica-based or fluorine-based photo-curable surfactant or other type of curable surfactant. In addition, the capsule material 14 may be a water-soluble polymer material such as ionized gelatin, polyvinyl alcohol, latex, or the like.

The first to third oil pipes 1, 2 and 3 may be a tube pattern formed on a frame T such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), silicone, glass, or the like. The diameters of the first to third oil conduits 1, 2 and 3 may be in the order of micrometers (占 퐉).

The first inlet pipe 5 for introducing the liquid crystal 13 into the first oil pipe 1 is connected to the inlet port of the first oil pipe 1 and the capsule pipe material 14 Is connected to the inflow portion of the second oil pipe (2). The first inlet 5 regulates the pressure to regulate the flow rate and the flow rate of the liquid crystal 13 flowing through the first oil pipe 1 and the second inlet 6 regulates the pressure, The flow rate and the flow rate of the capsule membrane material 14 flowing through the capsule membrane material 2 are controlled.

A liquid crystal droplet generating portion 4 is formed at a portion where the outflow portion of the first oil pipe 1, the outflow portion of the second oil pipe 2, and the inflow portion of the third oil pipe 3 meet at the same time. The second oil pipe 2 and the third oil pipe 3 are located on the same straight line and the first oil pipe 1 is connected to the second oil pipe 2 and the third oil pipe 3 and the liquid crystal capsule generating portion 4 And the positions of the first oil pipe 1 and the second oil pipe 2 can be changed. In the liquid crystal droplet generating section 4, the liquid crystal 13 and the capsule film material 14 are mixed to form the liquid crystal droplet 10.

When the liquid crystal 13 and the capsule film are injected into the first oil line 1 and the second oil line 2 each having a micrometer-unit size, the liquid crystal capsule generating unit 4 The liquid crystal 13 and the capsule film material 14 are mixed by the hydrodynamic instability in the liquid crystal droplet 10 to generate the liquid crystal droplet 10. The capsule film material 14 surrounds the periphery of the liquid crystal by a self-assembly effect.

A curing unit 8 for curing the liquid crystal droplet 10 is provided at a predetermined distance from the first to third oil pipes 1, 2, 3. The curing unit 8 irradiates the liquid crystal droplet 10 with ultraviolet light to cure the capsule film material 14 of the liquid crystal droplet 10 into the capsule film 15 to form the liquid crystal droplet 10 in the liquid crystal capsule 30. [ .

At this time, the size of the liquid crystal droplet 10 or the liquid crystal capsule 30 can be adjusted by adjusting the surface tension, viscosity, flow rate and flow rate (or flow pressure) of the liquid crystal 13 and the capsule material 14.

The diameter of the liquid crystal capsules 30 flowing through the third oil pipe 3 is also in the order of micrometers (占 퐉) because the diameters of the first to third oil pipes 1, 2 and 3 are in units of micrometers (占 퐉) Size, and specifically, the diameter of the liquid crystal capsule 30 may be 10 nm to 100 탆

The sizes of the plurality of liquid crystal capsules 30 manufactured by the liquid crystal capsule manufacturing apparatus are uniform, and the size of the liquid crystal capsules 30 may be within the range of 6.5%.

When a liquid crystal capsule is manufactured using a conventional liquid crystal capsule manufacturing apparatus using an agitator, when the liquid crystal is 1 ml, the capsule film material is 100 ml, and the stirrer is rotated at 500 rpm for one hour, the maximum diameter Has a diameter of 4.62 mu m, the liquid crystal capsules having the smallest diameter have a diameter of 1.68 mu m, and the average value of the diameters of the liquid crystal capsules is 2.67 mu m. Therefore, such a liquid crystal capsule has a large deviation of ± 50% or more based on the diameter of the liquid crystal capsule having the average value. Therefore, the liquid crystal display device using such a liquid crystal capsule having the uneven size has different electrooptical characteristics depending on the size of the liquid crystal capsule Since the size of the liquid crystal capsules is uneven, scattering occurs due to the difference in refractive index between the liquid crystal and the capsule film, which are the liquid crystal capsules, and the optical characteristics are deteriorated.

However, when the liquid crystal capsule is manufactured using the liquid crystal capsule manufacturing apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the flow rate of the liquid crystal 13 is 37 μl / min and the flow rate of the capsule film material 14 is 5000 μl / min, the liquid crystal capsules 30 having the largest diameter among the liquid crystal capsules 30 to be manufactured have a diameter of 56.1 mu m, the liquid crystal capsules 30 having the smallest diameter have a diameter of 49.4 mu m, The average value of the diameters of the first electrode 30 and the second electrode 30 is 52.9 占 퐉. Therefore, it can be seen that such a liquid crystal capsule 30 has a uniform diameter within an error range of ± 6.5% based on the diameter of the liquid crystal capsule 30 having an average value.

By manufacturing the liquid crystal display device having the liquid crystal layer including the liquid crystal capsules 30 having such a uniform size, it is possible to prevent screen distortion due to external pressure such as brushing and pooling.

Next, a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal capsule using the liquid crystal capsule manufacturing apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention shown in Figs. 1 and 2 will be described in detail with reference to Figs. 2 to 4. Fig.

FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are views sequentially showing a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal capsule using the liquid crystal capsule manufacturing apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

3, the liquid crystal 13 is injected into the first oil pipe 1 by the first inlet 5 and the liquid crystal 13 is injected into the second oil pipe 2 by the second inlet 6, Material 14 is injected. At this time, the capsule film material 14 in contact with the liquid crystal 13 in the liquid crystal capsule generating portion 4 adheres to the surface of the liquid crystal 13.

Next, as shown in Fig. 4, the liquid crystal 13 and the capsule film material 14 introduced into the liquid crystal capsule generating section 4 are mixed. That is, the capsule film material 14 in contact with the liquid crystal 13 in the liquid crystal capsule generating portion 4 is attached to the surface of the liquid crystal 13 to enclose the liquid crystal 13. At this time, the liquid crystal 13 is separated into a droplet shape by the flow pressure of the capsule film material 14.

Next, as shown in FIG. 2, the capsule film material 14 surrounds the droplet-shaped liquid crystal 13 by the self-aligning effect to form the liquid crystal droplet 10.

The liquid crystal droplet 10 is irradiated with ultraviolet light to cure the capsule film material 14 of the liquid crystal droplet 10 into the capsule film 15 to make the liquid crystal droplet 10 into the liquid crystal capsule 30 do. This liquid crystal capsule 30 flows along the third oil pipe 3.

On the other hand, after the liquid crystal droplet 10 encapsulating the droplet-shaped liquid crystal 13 flows out from the third flow tube 3, the liquid crystal droplet 10 is irradiated with ultraviolet rays to form the liquid crystal droplet 10 ). At this time, the size of the liquid crystal capsule 30 can be adjusted by adjusting the surface tension, viscosity, flow rate and flow rate (or flow pressure) of the liquid crystal 13 and the capsule material 14.

Such a manufacturing process can be repeated to produce a plurality of liquid crystal capsules 30, and such liquid crystal capsules 30 can be manufactured in a uniform size. The size of the liquid crystal capsule 30 may have a diameter within an error range of - ± 6.5%.

By manufacturing the liquid crystal display device having the liquid crystal layer including the liquid crystal capsules 30 of the uniform size as described above, it is possible to prevent screen distortion due to external pressure.

In the first embodiment, the second oil pipe 2 through which the capsule material 14 flows and the third oil pipe 3 through which the liquid crystal capsule 30 flows are located on the same straight line, and the first oil pipe 2, In order to optimize the size and the manufacturing conditions of the liquid crystal capsule 30, the first and second oil pipes 2 and 3 and the liquid crystal capsule generating unit 4 are arranged in the first oil pipe 2 and the third oil pipe 3, Three pipes (1, 2, 3) can be placed in various positions.

Hereinafter, a liquid crystal capsule manufacturing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

5 is a schematic view of a liquid crystal capsule manufacturing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

The second embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment shown in Figs. 1 and 2 except for the positions of the first to third oil pipes.

5, the apparatus for manufacturing a liquid crystal capsule according to the second embodiment of the present invention includes a first oil pipe 1 through which a liquid crystal 13 flows, a second oil pipe 2 through which a capsule film material 14 flows, And a third oil pipe 3 to which the inflow portion is connected to the outflow portion of the first oil pipe 1 and the outflow portion of the second oil pipe 2. The first oil pipe 1 and the third oil pipe 3 are located on the same straight line and the second oil pipe 2 is connected to the upper second oil pipe 21 and the lower second oil pipe 22 ). The upper second oil pipe 21 and the lower second oil pipe 22 are orthogonal to the first oil pipe 1 and the third oil pipe 3 and the liquid crystal capsule generating unit 4.

The first inlet pipe 5 for introducing the liquid crystal 13 into the first oil pipe 1 is connected to the inlet of the first oil pipe 1 and the capsule water The upper second inlet 61 for introducing the capsule membrane material 14 into the lower second oil pipe 22 is connected to the inlet of the upper second oil pipe 21 and the lower second inlet (62) is connected to the inflow portion of the lower second oil pipe (22).

The liquid crystal 13 flowing through the first oil pipe 1 is mixed with the capsule film material 14 flowing through the upper second oil pipe 21 and the lower second oil pipe 22 and the liquid crystal capsule producing unit 4. At this time, the liquid crystal 13 is separated into a droplet shape by the flow pressure of the capsule film material 14 directed to the liquid crystal capsule generating portion 4 at the upper portion and the lower portion. Then, the capsule film material 14 surrounds the liquid crystal 13 in a droplet shape by the self-aligning effect, thereby forming the liquid crystal droplet 10. At this time, ultraviolet rays (UV) are irradiated to the liquid crystal droplets 10 from the curing unit 8 to cure the capsule film material 14 of the liquid crystal droplets 10 with the capsule film 15 to form the liquid crystal droplets 10, (30). This liquid crystal capsule 30 flows along the third oil pipe 3.

On the other hand, after the liquid crystal droplet 10 enclosing the liquid crystal 13 of the capsule film material 14 flows out of the third oil pipe 3, the liquid crystal droplet 10 is irradiated with ultraviolet rays from the curing unit 8, May be made into liquid crystal capsules (30).

This manufacturing process can be repeated to produce a plurality of liquid crystal capsules of uniform size.

Next, an apparatus for manufacturing a liquid crystal capsule according to the first and second embodiments of the present invention and a liquid crystal display including the liquid crystal capsule manufactured by the method will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

6 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

6, the liquid crystal display according to the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a first substrate 110 and a second substrate 210 facing each other, and a liquid crystal layer 130 interposed between the two substrates 110 and 210 And a cholesteric liquid crystal layer 310. A first electrode 190 is formed on the first substrate 110 and a second electrode 270 is formed on the second substrate 210 to form a gap between the first electrode 190 and the second electrode 270 An electric field can be formed. A spacer may be disposed between the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 210 to control the thickness of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 310.

The first substrate 110 and the second substrate 210 are made of an insulating substrate such as transparent glass or plastic.

A plurality of uniformly sized cholesteric liquid crystal capsules 31 are dispersed in the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 310. The cholesteric liquid crystal capsules 31 are arranged in the cholesteric capsule film 31a, And a steric liquid crystal 31b. The cholesteric liquid crystal 31b has a helical pitch that reflects light having a wavelength of 380 nm to 770 nm, which is a visible light ray, and the thickness of the cholesteric capsule film 31a may be 1 nm to 10 탆. When the thickness of the cholesteric capsule film 31a is too small, the cholesteric liquid crystal capsule 31 is easily broken. When the thickness of the cholesteric capsule film 31a is too large, So that the screen distortion may occur when an external pressure is generated. The thickness of the cholesteric capsule film 31a may vary depending on the physical properties of the cholesteric capsule membrane material.

The size of the plurality of cholesteric liquid crystal capsules 31 is 10 nm to 100 탆, which are uniform with each other and can have a diameter within a deviation of 占 .6%.

The cholesteric liquid crystal layer 310 has two stable states, that is, a planar state and a focal conic state. The cholesteric liquid crystal layer 310 can maintain two stable states without applying a constant voltage from the outside. In the planar state, the cholesteric liquid crystal 31b has a helical structure and reflects light of a specific wavelength according to a helical pitch. In a focal conic state, a helical axis is reflected by the first electrode 190 and the second electrode 270 so as to transmit light.

Thus, by forming the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 310 including the cholesteric liquid crystal capsules 31, the color shift according to the viewing angle can be minimized, and the liquid crystal display device is warped, It is possible to minimize a screen distortion occurring when pressure is applied to the surface, thereby maintaining the bistability of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 310.

Further, by forming the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 310 including the cholesteric liquid crystal capsules 31 of a uniform size, screen distortion due to external pressure can be prevented, and the electrooptical characteristics are constant, A liquid crystal display device can be manufactured.

Although the first electrode 190 and the second electrode 270 are formed to apply a vertical electric field in the above description, the first electrode 190 and the second electrode 270 may be formed on the first substrate 110 ), Or three or more electrodes may be formed to apply both the vertical electric field and the horizontal electric field.

In addition, by forming the red reflective cholesteric liquid crystal, the green reflective cholesteric liquid crystal, and the blue reflective cholesteric liquid crystal, each of which reflects red, green, and blue light, into cholesteric liquid crystal capsules 31 of uniform size, Color can be realized while preventing screen distortion caused by pressure.

Meanwhile, in the above case, when the cholesteric liquid crystal capsule 31 of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 310 is either left-handed or priority, the left-handed cholesteric liquid crystal capsule and the preferred cholesteric liquid crystal capsule 312 may be mixed with the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 310.

Hereinafter, a liquid crystal display according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

7 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

The second embodiment is substantially similar to the first embodiment shown in Fig. 6 except that the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 310 includes both a left-handed cholesteric liquid crystal capsule and a preferred cholesteric liquid crystal capsule The same description will not be repeated.

As shown in FIG. 7, a plurality of homogeneous-sized left-handed cholesteric liquid crystal capsules 311 and a preferred cholesteric liquid crystal capsules 312 are dispersed in the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 310. The left-handed cholesteric liquid crystal capsule 311 and the preferred cholesteric liquid crystal capsule 312 have a uniform size and can have a diameter within a deviation of 占 .6%. Therefore, screen distortion caused by external pressure can be prevented, and a liquid crystal display device having a constant electro-optical characteristic and excellent optical characteristics can be manufactured.

The left-handed cholesteric liquid crystal capsule 311 includes a left-handed cholesteric liquid crystal 311b inside the left-handed cholesteric capsule film 311a. The first-order cholesteric liquid crystal capsule 312 has priority And the cholesteric liquid crystal 312b is included in the cholesteric capsule film 312a. The left-handed cholesteric liquid crystal 311b reflects the left-handed circularly polarized light L, and the primary cholesteric liquid crystal 312b reflects the right-handed circularly polarized light R. [

Since only one of the left-handed cholesteric liquid crystal capsule 311 and the preferred cholesteric liquid crystal capsule 312 is included in the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 310 in the liquid crystal display device of the first embodiment, 310) can not exceed a maximum of 50%. However, in the liquid crystal display device according to the second embodiment of the present invention, since the left cholesteric liquid crystal capsule 311 and the primary cholesteric liquid crystal capsule 312 are mixed in the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 310, Can be maximized.

In the second embodiment, the left cholesteric liquid crystal capsule 311 and the primary cholesteric liquid crystal capsule 312 are randomly mixed to form the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 310. However, The rick liquid crystal capsules 311 and the preferred cholesteric liquid crystal capsules 312 may be formed in a layered structure.

Hereinafter, a liquid crystal display according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

8 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

The third embodiment differs from the second embodiment shown in Fig. 7 in that the left-handed cholesteric liquid crystal capsules 311 and the prioritized cholesteric liquid crystal capsules 312 of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 310 are layered Substantially the same repetitive description will be omitted.

As shown in Fig. 8, the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 310 includes a left cholesteric liquid crystal capsule layer 313 and a preferred cholesteric liquid crystal capsule layer 314 disposed thereon.

The left-handed cholesteric liquid crystal capsule layer 313 is composed of a plurality of uniform-sized left-handed cholesteric liquid crystal capsules 311, and the first-order cholesteric liquid crystal capsule layer 314 has a plurality of uniform- And a priority cholesteric liquid crystal capsule 312. The left-handed cholesteric liquid crystal capsule 311 and the preferred cholesteric liquid crystal capsule 312 have a uniform size and can have a diameter within a deviation of 占 .6%. Therefore, screen distortion caused by external pressure can be prevented, and a liquid crystal display device having a constant electro-optical characteristic and excellent optical characteristics can be manufactured.

In addition, the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 310 is formed by the left-handed cholesteric liquid crystal capsule layer 313 that reflects left-handed circularly polarized light and the primary cholesteric liquid crystal capsule layer 314 that reflects right-handed circularly polarized light, (L) and the right-handed circularly polarized light (R) can be reflected, so that the reflectance can be maximized.

Meanwhile, the liquid crystal display according to the first embodiment may form the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 310 including the cholesteric liquid crystal capsules, but may form the nematic liquid crystal layer including the nematic liquid crystal capsules.

Hereinafter, a liquid crystal display according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

9 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

The fourth embodiment is substantially the same as the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 9, except that the nematic liquid crystal layer is formed.

9, a liquid crystal display device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention includes a first substrate 110 and a second substrate 21 facing each other, and a liquid crystal layer 130 interposed between the two substrates 110 and 210 And a nematic liquid crystal layer (320). A first electrode 190 is formed on the first substrate 110 and a second electrode 270 is formed on the second substrate 210 to form a gap between the first electrode 190 and the second electrode 270 An electric field can be formed. A first polarizing plate 111 and a second polarizing plate 211 are formed below the first substrate 110 and on the second substrate 210, respectively. The transmission axes of the first polarizing plate 111 and the second polarizing plate 211 may be perpendicular to each other or may be horizontal and may be arranged to form a predetermined angle. Retardation film may be additionally formed on the first polarizing plate 111 and the second polarizing plate 211 to improve the viewing angle.

A plurality of nematic liquid crystal capsules 32 of a uniform size are dispersed in the nematic liquid crystal layer 320. The nematic liquid crystal capsules 32 include a nematic liquid crystal 32b in the nematic capsule film 32a . The size of the nematic liquid crystal capsule 32 may have an error of +/- 6.5% in diameter. Therefore, screen distortion caused by external pressure can be prevented, and a liquid crystal display device having a constant electro-optical characteristic and excellent optical characteristics can be manufactured.

The nematic liquid crystal 32b may include a twisted nematic (TN) liquid crystal, a horizontally aligned nematic liquid crystal, an axially symmetrically arranged nematic liquid crystal, or the like, and may be a positive dielectric anisotropic liquid crystal or a negative dielectric anisotropic liquid crystal have. A TN liquid crystal is shown in Fig.

Although the first electrode 190 and the second electrode 270 are formed to apply a vertical electric field in the above description, the first electrode 190 and the second electrode 270 may be formed on the first substrate 190 Or three or more electrodes may be formed to apply both the vertical electric field and the horizontal electric field.

In addition, by forming an opening pattern in the first electrode or the second electrode to form a multi-domain, it is possible to minimize the color variation according to the viewing angle .

Meanwhile, by adding nanoparticles to the nematic liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal display device according to the fourth embodiment, the rise of the driving voltage by the capsule film can be minimized.

Hereinafter, a liquid crystal display according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

10 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

The fifth embodiment is substantially the same as the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 9 except for the addition of nanoparticles to the nematic liquid crystal layer.

9, a liquid crystal display device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention includes a first substrate 110 and a second substrate 21 facing each other, and a liquid crystal layer 130 interposed between the two substrates 110 and 210 And a nematic liquid crystal layer (320).

A plurality of uniformly sized nematic liquid crystal capsules 32 are dispersed in the nematic liquid crystal layer 320 and a plurality of nanoparticles 40 are dispersed in the nematic liquid crystal capsules 32.

The nanoparticles 40 may have a diameter of 10 nm to 1 μm, and the nanoparticles 40 may be any one selected from gold, silver, carbon nanotubes, and ferroelectric materials.

The nematic liquid crystal capsule 32 includes a nematic liquid crystal 32b inside the capsule film 32a. In Fig. 10, a horizontally oriented nematic liquid crystal is shown. The plurality of nematic liquid crystal capsules 32 have a uniform size and can have a diameter within a deviation of +/- 6.5%. Therefore, screen distortion caused by external pressure can be prevented, and a liquid crystal display device having a constant electro-optical characteristic and excellent optical characteristics can be manufactured.

By dispersing the nanoparticles 40 in the nematic liquid crystal layer 320, the dielectric constant of the nematic capsule film 32a can be increased. In Equation (1) below, a formula relating to the permittivity of a mixture of the nematic capsule membrane 32a and the nanoparticles 40 is described.

? 1 is the permittivity of the capsule film 32a,? 2 is the permittivity of the nanoparticle 40, B1 is the permeability of the nematic capsule membrane 32a ), And B2 is the volume of the nanoparticles (40).

The dielectric constant epsilon m of the mixture of the nematic capsule film 32a and the nanoparticles 40 can be obtained by adding nanoparticles 40 having a predetermined volume and dielectric constant to the nematic liquid crystal layer 320, Can be increased.

Therefore, it is possible to prevent the voltage decrease by the nematic capsule film 32a, and to prevent the increase of the driving voltage. In the liquid crystal display device according to the fifth embodiment, nanoparticles 40 are dispersed in the nematic liquid crystal layer 320, but nanoparticles 40 may be dispersed in the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 310 have.

In the liquid crystal display device according to the fifth embodiment, the nematic liquid crystal capsules 32 and the nanoparticles 40 are separated from each other and dispersed in the nematic liquid crystal layer 320, but the plurality of nematic liquid crystal capsules 32 Is formed as a single layer, the nanoparticles 40 may be in contact with the nematic liquid crystal layer 320.

Hereinafter, a liquid crystal display according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

11 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

The sixth embodiment differs from the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 10 in that a plurality of nematic liquid crystal capsules are formed as one layer so that the nanoparticles 40 are substantially the same except for the structure in which the nanoparticles 40 are in contact with the nematic liquid crystal layer Repeated explanations are omitted.

11, a liquid crystal display device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention includes a first substrate 110 and a second substrate 21 facing each other, and a liquid crystal layer 130 interposed between the two substrates 110 and 210 And a nematic liquid crystal layer (320).

A plurality of uniformly sized nematic liquid crystal capsules 32 are in contact with each other in the nematic liquid crystal layer 320 and a plurality of nanoparticles 40 are attached between the nematic liquid crystal capsules 32.

The nematic liquid crystal capsule 32 includes a nematic liquid crystal 32b inside the nematic capsule film 32a. A TN liquid crystal is shown in Fig. The size of the plurality of nematic liquid crystal capsules 32 is uniform and can have a diameter within a deviation of +/- 6.5%. Therefore, screen distortion caused by external pressure can be prevented, and a liquid crystal display device having a constant electro-optical characteristic and excellent optical characteristics can be manufactured.

The dielectric constant epsilon m of the mixture of the nematic capsule film 32a and the nanoparticles 40 can be increased by adding nanoparticles 40 having a predetermined volume and dielectric constant to the nematic liquid crystal layer 320. [ Therefore, it is possible to prevent the voltage decrease by the nematic capsule film 32a, and to prevent the increase of the driving voltage.

While the invention has been shown and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the following claims. Those who are engaged in the technology field will understand easily.

1: first conduit 2: second conduit
3: third oil line 4: liquid crystal capsule generating unit
310: cholesteric liquid crystal layer 31: cholesteric liquid crystal capsule
320: nematic liquid crystal layer 32: nematic liquid crystal capsule
40: nanoparticles

Claims (10)

The first substrate,
A first electrode formed on the first substrate,
A second substrate facing the first substrate,
A second electrode formed on the second substrate,
A plurality of liquid crystal capsules formed between the first and second electrodes and including a liquid crystal and a capsule film surrounding the liquid crystal; and a liquid crystal layer having a plurality of nanoparticles dispersed between the liquid crystal capsules,
And the diameter of the plurality of liquid crystal capsules has a deviation of +/- 6.5%. The method of claim 1,
Wherein the liquid crystal capsule is a cholesteric liquid crystal capsule including a cholesteric liquid crystal and a cholesteric capsule film surrounding the cholesteric liquid crystal. The method of claim 1,
The liquid crystal capsule
A left-handed cholesteric liquid crystal capsule comprising a left-handed cholesteric liquid crystal and a left-handed cholesteric capsule film surrounding the left-handed cholesteric liquid crystal,
And a primary cholesteric liquid crystal capsule including a primary cholesteric liquid crystal and a primary cholesteric capsule film surrounding the primary cholesteric liquid crystal. 4. The method of claim 3,
Wherein the plurality of left-handed cholesteric liquid crystal capsules constitute a left-handed cholesteric liquid crystal capsule layer,
Wherein the plurality of priority cholesteric liquid crystal capsules constitute a primary cholesteric liquid crystal capsule layer. The method of claim 1,
Wherein the liquid crystal capsule is a nematic liquid crystal capsule comprising a nematic liquid crystal and a nematic capsule film surrounding the nematic liquid crystal. The method of claim 1,
And the liquid crystal capsules of the liquid crystal layer are dispersed. The method of claim 1,
Wherein the liquid crystal capsule of the liquid crystal layer comprises at least one layer. The method of claim 1,
Wherein the nanoparticles have a dielectric constant different from that of the capsule film. The method of claim 1,
Wherein the liquid crystal capsules have a diameter of 10 nm to 100 μm. The method of claim 9,
Wherein the capsule film has a thickness of 1 nm to 10 占 퐉.

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