KR101420974B1 - Feed additives for livestock - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to feed additives for livestock. Disclosed are feed additives for livestock, which comprises, as active components, 10-40 wt% of Portulaca oleracea, 10-50 wt% of alum, 3-10 wt% of ginger, and 3-10 wt% of cinnamon, additionally comprises one or more diluting agents selected from rice bran, soybean cake, and wheat shorts if necessary, and further comprises jasmine and aloe in order to neutralize the smell of the active components as necessary. The feed additives of the present invention can prevent side effects from conventional chemical antibiotics and can be used as feed additives to replace the chemical antibiotics by obtaining a comparable effect at a raising rate (survival rate), average weight (gain rate), and a feed conversion rate, compared with the chemical antibiotics.

Description

{Feed additives for livestock}

The present invention relates to a feed additive for livestock, and more particularly to a feed additive for replacing an antibiotic composed of only natural substances without chemical antibiotics.

As poultry farms, pig farms, and small farms are modernized, industrialized, and large, they are used as livestock feeds from feed mills rather than self-feeds. In addition to compound feeds, they are also used separately to increase the immunity of livestock, Of feed additives are mixed. As a conventional feed additive, various chemical antibiotics such as tetracycline antibiotics such as chlor tetracycline and quaternary ammonium quaternary ammonium tetracycline, and sulfamic antibiotics have been mainly used. Since these chemical antibiotics remain in the animal body, Accumulate and become a health threat.

For this reason, the use of antibiotics for livestock feed is strictly restricted in developed countries. According to statistics of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection of Korea, the total amount of antibiotics for livestock use decreased by about 40% from 9595 tons in 2011 to 1,595 tons in 2001.

Recently, as consumers' interest in proper food has increased, researches on feed additives to replace chemical antibiotics have been actively conducted.

Betaglucan, an extract of propolis yeast extracted from beeswax, and immunoglobulin (IGY), which is produced by injecting an antigen into an egg, are known as antibacterial or immunity enhancers. However, since the price is high, There is a difficulty in.

Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 10-2005-0078620 discloses a feed additive containing alfalfa or alum and an adult.

Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2011-0103080 discloses a feed additive comprising an excipient selected from the group consisting of persimmon extract, ginger, soybean meal and wheat bran, rice bran, and degreasing steel.

Korean Patent Registration Nos. 10-0850263 and 10-0872134 disclose a feed additive prepared by pulverizing yellow peach, yellow peony, golden, hwanggeum, hwanggi, sunchina, and dermis.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a feed additive composed of a natural substance that can replace conventional chemical antibiotics. It is another object of the present invention to provide a natural substance feed additive superior in the growth rate (survival rate), average body weight (rate of growth), and feed conversion ratio of livestock.

In order to attain the above object, the present invention provides a feed additive for livestock containing mashinhye, alum, ginger and cinnamon as an effective ingredient. It is preferable that the content of the feed additive is 8 to 40% by weight, 10 to 50% by weight of alum, 2 to 10% by weight of ginger and 2 to 10% by weight of cinnamon.

The feed additive of the present invention may further include at least one selected from the group consisting of rice bran, soybean meal and horse meal as an excipient. It is preferable that the content of the feed additive is 4 to 40% by weight, 5 to 50% by weight of alum, 1 to 10% by weight of ginger, 1 to 10% by weight of cinnamon, and 10 to 70% by weight of excipient.

In addition, the feed additive of the present invention can be prepared by further containing jasmine and aloe to neutralize the smell of the active ingredient. The content of the feed additive is 4 to 40% by weight, 5 to 50% by weight of alum, 1 to 10% by weight of ginger, 1 to 10% by weight of cinnamon, 10 to 64% by weight of excipient, 2 to 5% by weight of jasmine, To 5% by weight.

Since the feed additive comprising mashinhyeol, alum, ginger and cinnamon as an active ingredient according to the present invention is composed of only natural substances, there is no side effect according to the conventional chemical antibiotics, and the growth rate (survival rate) Average body weight (weight gain), and feed conversion ratio, and thus can be used as an antibiotic replacement feed additive.

In addition, in the case of a feed additive in which the active ingredient further contains jasmine and aloe to neutralize the peculiar smell of marigold, ginger and cinnamon, not only the feed amount of the feed is improved, but also the growth rate (survival rate) (Rate of growth) and feed conversion ratio are significantly improved.

1 is a photograph of a result of an antibacterial test on a feed additive (Example 1) according to the present invention to Pseudomonas aeruginosa . (Sample 1: Example 1, Sample 2: Ogphy, Sample 3:
Fig. 2 is a test result of the viable cell count of Pseudomonas aeruginosa against the feed additive (Example 1) according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a photograph of a result of an antibacterial test on a feed additive (Example 1) according to the present invention to E. coli (Sample 1: Example 1, Sample 2: Ogphy, Sample 3: .
Fig. 4 is a test result of the number of live cells of E. coli against the feed additive (Example 1) according to the present invention.

The feed additive of the present invention is added to livestock feed such as compound feed in small amounts as an additive in order to improve the livestock feeding rate.

In the present invention, the livestock includes all kinds of poultry, livestock, and pets as well as chicken, duck, pig, and cattle.

The feed additives of the present invention are used as a means to replace conventional chemical antibiotics. The feed additive of the present invention is also used as means for improving the growth rate (fattening) of livestock.

As a result of intensive efforts to develop a feed additive for natural ingredients capable of replacing the conventional chemical antibiotics, the feed additive of the present invention has excellent antibiotic and growth effects when producing feed additives including mashin, alum, ginger and cinnamon The present invention has been completed.

The feed additive of the present invention is characterized in that it is a composition in which the plant ingredients are marjoram, ginger, cinnamon and alum, which is a natural mineral, as an active ingredient, and rice bran, soybean meal, horse meal and the like are pulverized and mixed as an excipient.

The active ingredients of the present invention are as follows.

Portulaca oleracea L. is a name given to the shape of a leaf similar to a horse's tooth, often called a pair of leggings. Mahi-hyun is very strong in vitality, it grows wherever there is a lot of water and the supply of nitrogen is smooth, it is strong in drying as a fleshy body, and is able to change four generations in a year. It is known that Machidae inhibits pathogenic fungi such as Typhus, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus.

Alum is a natural mineral of colorless or white crystals. It refers to aluminum potassium sulfate and is also called white alum. It is known that alum has no odor but has a slight taste and has a germicidal action. A product that is dehydrated by heating (a small white liquor) is used as a hemostatic agent and a branching agent, and some is also used as a food additive.

The main ingredient of Cinnamon is essential oil called cinnamon oil. The main function of these ingredients is medically stimulating the mucous membrane of the stomach to stimulate the secretion, suppress gastrointestinal pain, stimulate gastrointestinal movement, Good absorption. It is known that there is a preservative effect that promotes blood circulation, warms the body and inhibits abnormal fermentation in the intestines.

Ginger is recorded according to the Dong-bo-gyoge to eliminate the coldness of the body, help digestion and eliminate vomiting. Ginger and sparkling ingredients of ginger-specific pungency keep the warmth out of the body and keep the warmth, coughing, It is known to relieve pain in the neck.

The feed additive of the present invention is preferably composed of 8 to 40% by weight of marjoram, 10 to 50% by weight of alum, 2 to 10% by weight of ginger, and 2 to 10% by weight of cinnamon.

The feed additive of the present invention may further include excipients such as rice bran, soybean meal, horse meal and the like. Rice, corn, soybean meal, and horse meal are excipients to facilitate the intake of feed additives. It contains high quality protein, dietary fiber and various vitamins and minerals to supplement nutrients. When the feed additive of the present invention contains excipients such as rice bran, soybean meal, horse meal, etc., it is preferable that 4 to 40% by weight of marigold, 5 to 50% by weight of alum, 1 to 10% by weight of ginger, 1 to 10% By weight to 70% by weight.

In addition, the feed additive of the present invention may further include jasmine and aloe to neutralize the smell of the active ingredient.

The active ingredient of the present invention has a characteristic odor similar to that of fish, the ginger has a pungent flavor and unique flavor, and cinnamon also has a unique flavor. Although the amount of the feed additive is smaller than that of the compounded feed, The present inventors have found that the intake of the active ingredient is reduced and the intake of the active ingredient is reduced. In order to neutralize the odor, the present inventors have added and studied various natural ingredients. Then, the active ingredient is mixed with jasmine and aloe, It was confirmed that the specific odor of the active ingredient was significantly reduced. It is considered that the mucolytic component of aloe is neutralized by reaction or coating with the active ingredient.

The feed additive of the present invention contains, as an active ingredient, 4 to 40% by weight of marigold, 5 to 50% by weight of alum, 1 to 10% by weight of ginger, and 1 to 10% by weight of cinnamon, 10 g of rice bran, To 64% by weight of the active ingredient, 2 to 5% by weight of jasmine and 2 to 5% by weight of aloe for neutralizing the odor of the active ingredient.

In case of using the raw material, the first crushing of the cinnamon is first carried out for effective crushing, and then the crushed ginger, alum and ginger are added. It is preferable to carry out secondary pulverization.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by way of examples. The following examples are illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Example  1. Preparation of feed additive and mixed livestock feed

1 kg of cinnamon was added to the pulverizer, and the mixture was first pulverized. Then, 7 kg of alum powder, 7 kg of gum arabic and 1 kg of ginger were added and pulverized. Then, 4 kg of rice bran was added and mixed as an excipient.

The mixture was naturally dried to prepare a feed additive.

As broiler feed, 0.2kg and 0.5kg of feed additive per 100kg of chick mixed feed produced by CJ Co., Ltd. were mixed in a feed mixer to prepare two types of broiler feed.

For pig feed, 1kg of feed additive per 100kg of pig compound feed (crude protein 21%, crude fiber 6%) produced by CJ Co., Ltd. were mixed in a feed mixer to prepare pig feed.

Example  2. Preparation of feed additive and mixed livestock feed

1 kg of cinnamon was added to 1 kg of cinnamon, and the mixture was subjected to primary pulverization. Then, 7 kg of alum powder, 7 kg of gum arabic and 1 kg of ginger were added to the mixture to make secondary pulverization. Then, 4 kg of rice bran as an excipient, 0.5 kg of jasmine and 0.5 kg of aloe Respectively.

The mixture was naturally dried for 3 days and then pulverized again to prepare a feed additive.

As feed for broiler chow and duck, 0.1kg and 0.2kg of feed additive per 100kg of mixed feed produced by CJ Co., Ltd. were mixed in a feed mixer to prepare two compounded feeds mixed together.

Comparative Example  One. Tetracycline system  Livestock feed containing antibiotics

For broiler chow and duck feed, 0.1 kg and 0.2 kg of tetracycline antibiotics were mixed in a feed mixer per 100 kg of chick fed diets produced by CJ Co., Ltd. to prepare two kinds of broiler diets mixed together.

Experimental Example  1: Experiment of antimicrobial activity of the feed additive of the present invention.

Antibacterial activity assay was conducted by Taesung Bio Co., Ltd., Gumi City, Gyeongbuk Province.

Sample 1 is a hot-water extract of the composition from which the excipient (rice bran) was excluded in Example 1; Sample 2 is a hot-water extract of Acanthopanax senticosus; Sample 3 is a Pseudomonas aeruginosa of these samples to a hot-water extract of Portulaca Oleracea (Pseudomonas acids, Pseudomonas aeruginosa , and E. coli.

The sample was subjected to hot water extraction (3 times volume of distilled water was added and the sample was extracted at 100 ° C for 40 minutes), the solid was removed from the filter, and 10-fold concentrated solution was prepared by concentration under reduced pressure. As a positive control, The diluted solution was subjected to two methods of solid culture and liquid culture based on a general antibacterial test culture method using sterilized distilled water as a negative control.

In the solid culture method, the culture medium of the test strain is plated on the NR agar medium, which is a microorganism nutrient medium, and the paper disc on which the test sample is impregnated is placed on the upper surface. After incubation for 30 hours at 30 ° C., an inhibition zone And antimicrobial activity was observed. All tests were repeated 3 times.

In the liquid culture method, the inoculated NR liquid medium was inoculated simultaneously with 1% (v / v) of the test strain culture medium and 1% (v / v) of the treated sample and incubated for 30 hours at 30 ° C with stirring at 180 rpm. After incubation at 30 ° C for 30 hours, the number of viable cells was counted and compared with that of the control group. The number of viable cells was counted after sterilization with sterilized distilled water. All tests were repeated 3 times.

The medium used was NR (Nutrient Rich) medium. The medium composition was 3.0 g of beef extract, 5.0 g of peptone and 15.0 g of Agar.

Fig. 1 is a graph showing the results of Pseudomonas sp. aeruginosa) and the destination to the sample 1, 2, 3 and a positive control (flux) and a negative control (culture photographs showing the activity of sterile water), Figure 2 shows the results of measuring the number of viable cells of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

FIG. 3 is a photograph showing the activity of the samples 1, 2 and 3, the positive control (lactose) and the negative control (sterilized water) in E. coli, and FIG. 4 is the result of measuring the number of viable cells of Escherichia coli.

The experimental results are summarized in Table 1 below.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa ) E. coli Sample 1 (Maechian + Alum + Ginger + Cinnamon) ++++ +++ Sample 2 (ogapi) - - Sample 3 (Marchian) + +

As shown in Figs. 1 and 3, the sterilized water and the sample 2 (ogapi) showed no growth inhibition on both Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli, and the number of P. aeruginosa was significantly increased as shown in Figs. 2 and 4, On the other hand,

In the case of Sample 1 (feed additive according to Example 1) of the present invention, the growth inhibition was well formed, the growth inhibition size was large, the activity was similar to that of the positive control (lactose) .

In the case of the marjoram alone extract (sample 3), the activity was slightly lower than that in Example 1 (sample 1: marjoram + alum + ginger + cinnamon) although it has some antimicrobial inhibitory effect.

It was confirmed that the active ingredient of Example 1 of the present invention (Sample 1: mashinhyeon + alum + ginger + cinnamon) has remarkably excellent activity effect on Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli.

Experimental Example  2. Experiments on broiler chickens

Three days after hatching, broiler chickens (Cheriburo, Korea) were consigned to the poultry farms in Gimpo without breeding and groomed for 33 days (October 15 - November 17, 2012).

Table 1 summarizes the results of the experiment. The results of the experiment are shown in Table 2 below. [Table 2] < tb > ______________________________________ < tb > ______________________________________ < tb > ______________________________________ < tb >

Enforce Number of shipment Growth rate
(%) Shipping weight
(kg) Average weight
(kg) Feed quantity
(kg) feed
Demand rate Remarks Example 1
(0.1% added) 200 195 97.5 347 1.78 551 1.59 Machijin, alum, ginger, cinnamon Example 2
(0.1% added) 200 196 98.1 355 1.82 582 1.52 Smell neutralization
(Jasmine, aloe) Comparative Example 1
(0.1% added) 200 196 97.6 349 1.79 548 1.59 Antibiotics (tetracycline) Control
(No additives) 200 190 95.3 314 1.65 531 1.69 -

As shown in Table 2, the growth rate (survival rate) was increased by 2.2%, the average weight was increased by 0.13 kg, the feed conversion rate (amount of feed (kg) / Weight gain (kg)] decreased by 0.10, indicating that various factors of production were improved. The improvement value is a significant significant value in broiler breeding. In addition, it can be seen that the feed additive of Example 1 has an equal effect in terms of growth rate, body weight, feed conversion ratio, etc. in comparison with the tetracycline antibiotic of Comparative Example 1.

On the other hand, in the case of the feed additive in which the characteristic odor of antibiotic active ingredients (mashin, ginger, cinnamon) was neutralized with jasmine and aloe components as in Example 2, the daily feed amount of broiler chickens significantly increased, and the growth rate was 2.8 (Kg) / body weight gain (kg)] was 0.17, which was significantly improved compared to the control. The above results are expected to shorten the shipment time of the broiler chickens by about two to three days on the average of 33 days.

Experimental Example  3. Duck demonstration experiment

One-week-old ducks were hatched at the duck farm in Yeongam without breeding for a period of 42 days (September 10 - October 23, 2012).

Table 1 summarizes the results of the experiment. The results of the experiment are shown in Table 2 below. [Table 2] < tb > ______________________________________ < tb > ______________________________________ < tb > ______________________________________ < tb >

Enforce Number of shipment Growth rate
(%) Shipping weight
(kg) Average weight
(kg) Feed quantity
(kg) feed
Demand rate Remarks Example 1
(0.1% added) 100 99 99 356 3.60 678 1.90 Machijin, alum, ginger, cinnamon Example 2
(0.1% added) 100 100 100 362 3.62 669 1.85 Smell neutralization
(Jasmine, aloe) Comparative Example 1
(0.1% added) 100 99 99 357 3.61 683 1.91 Antibiotics (tetracycline) Control
(No additives) 100 97 97 337 3.48 712 2.11 -

As shown in Table 3, the feed additive comprising mashinhyeol, alum, ginger and cinnamon increased the growth rate (survival rate) by 2%, the average weight by 0.12 kg, the feed conversion rate / Weight gain (kg)] decreased by 0.21, indicating that various factors of production were significantly improved. The improvement value is a significant significant value in duck breeding. In addition, it can be seen that the feed additive of Example 1 has an equal effect in terms of growth rate, body weight, feed conversion ratio, etc. in comparison with the tetracycline antibiotic of Comparative Example 1.

On the other hand, in the case of the feed additive in which the specific odor of antibiotic active ingredients (mashin, ginger, cinnamon) was neutralized with jasmine and aloe components as in Example 2, the daily feed amount of duck was significantly increased and the growth rate was 3 (Kg) / weight gain (kg)] was 0.26, which was significantly higher than that of the control. The result is expected to shorten the shipment date of the duck by about 4 to 5 days on the average of 42 days.

Experimental Example  4. Experiments on laying hens

Feed additives prepared in Example 2 were fed to poultry farms in Gyeongju, Kyungsangbuk-do, and feeding experiments were conducted on the laying hens.

A total of 15,000 46-week-old laying hens were fed for 41 days (from August 17 to September 27, 2012) until 51 weeks of age. Diets supplemented with 0.2% by weight of feed additives were fed. The experimental results are summarized in Table 4 below.

Weekly 46 47 48 49 50 51 Egg production (%) 86.8 86.9 89.4 91.3 91.1 91.3 Number of employees / week 62 66 33 35 30 24 Percentage of blue (%) 5.2 5.1 4.1 4.1 3.5 3.1 King's special rate (%) 76.5 76.2 80.7 82.9 84.5 84.9

As shown in Table 4, the egg production rate was improved by 4.5%. The number of weekly deaths decreased from 62 weeks to 46 weeks, decreased by 0.25% during the 6 weeks at 24 weeks, and decreased by 1.9% It can be seen that the peculiarity rate is improved by 8.4%.

The improvement values in Table 4 above are of significant significance in laying hens.

As described in Experimental Examples 1 to 4, the feed additive of the present invention comprising mashinhyeol, alum, ginger, and cinnamon as active ingredients showed remarkable effects on the growth rate (survival rate), average body weight (growth rate) And can be used as an antibiotic replacement feed additive because it has a comparable effect on the growth rate (survival rate), the average weight (growth rate), and the feed conversion ratio as compared with the conventional tetracycline antibiotics of the conventional chemical antibiotics.

In addition, as in Example 2, in the case of a feed additive neutralized by adding jasmine or aloe to the characteristic odor of the antibiotic active ingredients mashii, ginger and cinnamon, the feed amount of the feed was improved and the growth rate (survival rate ), Average body weight (weight gain), and feed conversion ratio.

Claims (6)

Feed additive for livestock containing mashin, alum, ginger, cinnamon, jasmine and aloe as active ingredients.
delete The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the feed additive further comprises at least one excipient selected from the group consisting of rice bran, soybean meal, and horse meal.
delete delete 3. The method of claim 2,
1 to 10 wt% of ginger, 1 to 10 wt% of cinnamon, 10 to 64 wt% of excipient, 2 to 5 wt% of jasmine and 2 to 5 wt% of aloe Feed additives for livestock characterized by.

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