KR101301702B1 - Reduction apparatus of revolution using friction drive - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A deceleration device using the friction drive increases torque while decelerating the rotation of an output shaft by using a frictional force due to rolling contact. CONSTITUTION: A deceleration device includes a line roller connected to an input shaft, multiple planetary rollers (1320), and a ring roller (1120). The planetary rollers are in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the line roller and arranged in the circumferential direction. The ring roller the inner circumferential surface of which is in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the planetary roller and connected to an output shaft in a ring shape. The internal diameter of the inner circumferential surface of the ring roller contact with the planetary roller becomes smaller toward one side.

Description

REDUCTION APPARATUS OF REVOLUTION USING FRICTION DRIVE}

The present invention relates to a power transmission device, and more particularly to a speed reduction device having a structure that can increase the torque while reducing the rotation of the output shaft by using the frictional force by the rolling contact.

In general, a reducer is used as a major component throughout various industrial machines by reducing the high speed rotation input to the input shaft by a plurality of gearing combinations, and increasing the output on the other side.

As such a reducer, various reducers such as worm reducers, cyclo reducers, planetary gear reducers are used. The worm reducer or cyclo reducer is mainly used in robot joint reducers, rotary tables, or welding positioners that require a high degree of precision, but the planetary gear reducer is mainly used because the rotation moment transmitted is small and the price is high.

1 is a conceptual diagram of such a planetary gear reducer of the prior art.

The planetary gear reducer is formed in a ring shape and is formed in a ring shape and teeth are formed on an inner circumferential side thereof, and a sun gear disposed at a center of the ring gear 10 and connected to an input shaft to rotate by a power source ( 20) and a plurality of planetary gears 30 arranged to be engaged between the sun gear 20 and the ring gear 10, respectively.

The ring gear 10 is connected to a predetermined output shaft, and is arranged to substantially coincide with the input shaft.

When a predetermined driving force is transmitted from the input shaft, the sun gear 20 rotates to rotate and revolve the planet gear 30 by a force transmitted to the gear in which the planet gear 30 is engaged. Accordingly, the ring gear 10 meshed with the planetary gear 30 is rotated, and the output force connected to the ring gear 10 is decelerated relative to the input shaft and a rotational force for increasing torque is output.

Such a conventional planetary gear reducer has a problem in that noise and vibration are generated due to a separation distance between gears due to manufacturing and assembly tolerances, and these noises and vibrations are intensified due to wear due to operation.

In addition, since there is an inevitable backlash in the structure of the gear, an operation error due to such backlash occurs when switching between forward and reverse rotations or starting. Therefore, it is a cause of error in equipment requiring precise operation. In particular, when applied to the device is repeated the forward / reverse operation, it is difficult to set the initial position and the error occurs between the operation may cause a problem of reducing the efficiency of the device operation.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a deceleration device using a friction drive that can prevent backlash while achieving the purpose of deceleration and torque, thereby improving accuracy.

In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a deceleration device using a friction drive that can prevent vibration and operation errors by having a structure that can correct wear due to use.

Reduction device using a friction drive of the present invention, the sun roller connected to the input shaft, a plurality of planetary rollers in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the sun roller and disposed in the circumferential direction and the inner peripheral surface is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the planetary roller made of a ring shape And a ring roller connected to the output shaft, wherein the ring roller provides a speed reduction device using a friction drive having an inner circumferential surface in contact with the planetary roller toward one side. Therefore, since the rotational force is transmitted by the frictional force, there is no backlash, accurate rotational transmission is possible, and compensation due to wear is possible.

In addition, in the reduction device using the friction drive of the present invention, the planetary roller may be made so that the radius of the cross section becomes smaller toward both ends. Thus, transmission of rotation can be made accurately even in wear due to use while the contact surface changes.

In addition, the speed reduction device using the friction drive of the present invention, the planetary roller may be disposed so that the planetary shaft of the rotation center is inclined to one side. Therefore, the joining and maintenance are improved and the wear compensation by use is possible.

In addition, the reduction device using the friction drive of the present invention, the planetary roller is made to be movable to one side to compensate for the wear caused by use. Therefore, since the frictional force between the ring roller and the planetary roller is maintained, the operation reliability is improved.

In addition, the speed reduction device using the friction drive of the present invention, the outer roller is made in a shape that the radius of the outer peripheral surface which is in contact with the planetary roller toward the one side becomes smaller. Thus, compensation of wear is possible.

In addition, the speed reduction device using the friction drive of the present invention, the sun roller is made to be movable to one side to compensate for the wear caused by use. Therefore, since the frictional force between the sun roller and the planetary roller is maintained, the operation reliability is improved.

In addition, the reduction apparatus using the friction drive of the present invention, by providing a pressure to the planetary roller to one side to increase the frictional force of the ring-shaped roller and the planetary roller, it may further include a pressing member for compensating for errors due to wear. . Therefore, the certainty of the power transmission is improved by the pressing member, and appropriate compensation of wear is possible.

In addition, the deceleration device using the friction drive of the present invention, the pressure member provides a pressure to the sun roller to one side to increase the friction force between the planetary roller and the sun roller, it is possible to compensate for the error due to wear.

In addition, the reduction device using the friction drive of the present invention, the housing is arranged in a shape surrounding the ring roller to support the rotation and the rear housing disposed on the other end side of the housing, the pressing member is other An end side is provided with a deceleration device using a friction drive, characterized in that supported on the rear housing. Thus, the pressing member can effectively provide pressure.

In addition, the deceleration device using the friction drive of the present invention, the pressing member is formed in a ring shape, the plate portion through which the input shaft penetrates to the central portion, the pressing portion extending in the radial direction inclined to one side from the plate portion and the pressing portion Is disposed on the end side may be made of a contact surface portion for transmitting an elastic force to the planetary roller. Therefore, the contact surface can be effectively maintained by the elastic force.

In addition, the deceleration device using the friction drive of the present invention, the pressing member may provide an elastic force together in one direction to the planetary roller and the sun roller via the connecting member. Therefore, the friction force can be accurately maintained as a simple structure.

In addition, the speed reduction device using the friction drive of the present invention, the input shaft is connected to the drive is transmitted power, can be moved to one side by the pressing member according to the wear of the sun roller. Thus, power can be transmitted accurately even if wear of the members occurs.

In the reduction device using the friction drive of the present invention, a planetary roller is interposed between the ring-type roller and the sun roller, and the speed is reduced while transmitting the rotational force by the friction force. There is an advantage that it is significantly reduced.

In addition, since the shape and arrangement of the ring roller, the sun roller and the planetary roller are inclined toward the output side, the coupling and maintenance are easy, and the wear due to the friction can be compensated through the pressing means. There is an advantage that the operational reliability is improved.

1 is a view showing the concept of a planetary gear reducer of the prior art.
2 is a conceptual diagram of a reduction device using a friction drive of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a plan sectional view of the reduction device using a friction drive according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 4 is a perspective view of the roller portion of the reduction device using a friction drive in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention from the rear side.
Figure 5 is a perspective view of the roller portion of the reduction device using a friction drive in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention from the front side.
Figure 6 is a perspective view showing a pressing member of the speed reduction device using a friction drive of the present invention.
Figure 7 is a perspective view showing the input shaft portion of the speed reduction device using a friction drive of the present invention.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail a deceleration device using a friction drive of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a conceptual diagram showing a speed reduction device using a friction drive of the present invention.

Reduction device using a friction drive according to the concept of the present invention can be applied to a device that requires a variety of power transmission, it is possible to transmit power interposed between the power transmission means as well as the device for directly transmitting the power of the power unit.

Configurations of the present invention to be described below are defined as one side and the other side or the axial direction or the longitudinal direction on the basis of the illustrated in Figure 2, the rotation direction is defined and used as the front and rear direction of the rotation of the respective roller members.

The reduction apparatus of the present invention basically includes a sun roller 1220 connected to the input shaft 1200, a plurality of planetary rollers 1320 contacting the outer circumferential surface of the sun roller 1220 and disposed in the circumferential direction, and the planetary rollers ( The outer circumferential surface of the 1320 is in contact with the inner circumferential surface and is made of a ring-shaped roller connected to the output shaft 1120.

In the basic concept of the present invention, the power transmission between the input shaft and the output shaft is made by the frictional force in two stages from the sun roller 1220 to the planetary roller 1320, and the planetary roller 1320 to the ring roller 1120. You lose.

In the case of the planetary gear type reduction apparatus of the prior art, the backlash is inevitably generated due to the gear structure of the gear, and in particular, there is a problem in that an error and an impact due to the change of the forward / reverse rotation are generated.

In the concept of the present invention, since the deceleration and the power transmission are made by friction driving, there is no backlash, and thus, the accurate power transmission is possible.

However, in the case of friction driving, slip may occur due to factors such as wear due to use. In order to prevent this, the rollers 1120, 1220, and 1320 are in contact with each other to transmit power or receive power by friction. As the members to which rotation is transmitted, a surface to be contacted may be combined with a material for enhancing friction or surface treatment may be performed.

In addition, since the frictional force is proportional to the load applied to the surface, pressing means for pressing in the contacting direction may be further disposed to increase the frictional force by improving the adhesion force, which will be described later.

The diameters of the rollers 1120, 1220 and 1320 and the number of the planetary rollers 1320 may be variously selected according to a selection. In this case, the diameter may be related to the reduction ratio and the number disposed may be related to the area to be rubbed.

The present invention further proposes a concept in which the sun roller 1220 and the ring roller 1120 are formed to be inclined in the output shaft direction.

Specifically, the ring roller 1120 is formed in a ring shape, but the inner circumferential surface is formed to form a part of the corn (corn) shape. The vertex of the virtual cone shape is oriented in the direction of the output axis and coincides with the output axis. In addition, the radiation angle θ1 of the vertex portion of the virtual cone shape may be made according to a selection.

In addition, the sun roller 1220 may be connected to the input shaft 1200, and preferably, the sun roller 1220 may be formed as part of one end of the input shaft 1200.

In this case, the sun roller 1220 may also be made in a cone shape or as part of a cone shape, and the angle θ2 that forms the inclination of the outer surface of the cone shape of the sun roller 1220 may also be made according to a selection. .

However, it is preferable that the angle θ1 at which the ring roller 1120 is formed is equal to or greater than the angle θ2 at which the sun roller 1220 is formed. That is, since the input shaft 1200 can be coupled to the center between the plurality of planetary rollers 1320 in close contact with the inner circumferential surface of the ring-shaped roller 1120 in the axial direction from the other side, the ease of insertion and adhesion It is made of a shape inclined in one direction to ensure.

Such a shape may further improve the frictional force in a manner in which the other side is pressed by the pressing means as described below, such a pressing means may function to compensate for errors due to wear as well as to improve the frictional force. .

According to such a concept, the planetary roller 1320 is interposed between the ring roller 1120 and the sun roller 1220 to move a predetermined distance in the axial direction. The planetary roller 1320 also includes the ring roller 1120. And the sun roller 1220, but may be formed in a substantially conical shape, but the radius of the cross section of the central side is preferably made of a shape in which the radius of the cross section gradually decreases toward both sides.

In this case, the planetary shaft 1321 constituting the rotation center of the planetary roller 1320 may also be disposed to be inclined in the output shaft direction.

Although not shown in the drawing, the output shaft connected to the ring roller 1120 is located at one side of the line extending from the input shaft 1200 and is connected to the ring roller 1120.

3 is a plan sectional view showing a reduction apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

The output shaft 1100 disposed at one side is connected to the ring roller 1120 as described above, the ring roller 1120 is connected to the output shaft 1100 by a plate-shaped plate portion 1110 at one end. Specifically, the plate portion 1110 has an output shaft 1100 protrudes from the central side of one side, the ring roller 1120 protrudes into a substantially cylindrical or conical column shape on the outer peripheral side of the other side.

As described above, the ring-shaped roller 1120 has an inner circumferential surface inclined in the direction of the output shaft 1100. The ring-shaped roller 1120 may have an inclined shape only in the inner circumferential surface, and both the inner and outer circumferential surfaces are inclined. Of course, it may be made in a shape.

A plurality of planetary rollers 1320 are disposed to contact the inner circumferential surface of the ring roller 1120, and the planetary rollers 1320 are partially contacted with the ring-shaped roller 1120 to transmit rotational force by friction.

Since the ring-shaped roller 1120 is formed in a shape inclined toward the output shaft 1100, the planetary roller 1320 may be formed in a cylindrical or conical column shape, but in order to ensure coupling and frictional force, the radius of the cross section is the most at the center. It is preferable that it consists of a large shape as mentioned above.

According to this concept, the planetary roller 1320 has an outer circumferential surface having a substantially curved shape in the axial direction in the drawing. Curvature of the curved surface may be selectively made in consideration of the size and arrangement of the other roller member.

Since the planetary shaft 1321 of the planetary roller 1320 is made to be inclined in the direction of the output shaft 1100 like the ring roller 1120, the arrangement state of the planetary rollers 1320 has a shape that is radiated toward the other side. You lose.

At this time, one end side of the planetary shaft 1321 may be rotationally supported by the plate portion 1110, and the third bearing 1350 may be disposed in the rotationally supported portion to reduce the rotational friction force.

The cone-shaped sun roller 1220 is disposed on the center where the planetary roller 1320 is arranged so that the outer circumferential surface is in close contact with a part of the outer circumferential surface of the planetary roller 1320.

The sun roller 1220 is connected to the input shaft 1200 serves to transfer the driving force to the planetary roller 1320, preferably the sun roller 1220 is formed in a shape forming one end of the input shaft 1200. .

As the sun roller 1220 rotates, the planetary roller 1320 revolves at the same time as the rotation of the planetary roller 1320. As the ring roller 1120 rotates together according to the rotational movement of the planetary roller 1320, power is transferred to the output shaft 1100. Is done. In this case, the planetary roller 1320 and the ring-shaped roller 1120 are rotated together so that the planetary shaft 1321 of the planetary roller 1320 is similarly rotated about the central axis where the output shaft 1100 and the input shaft 1200 are connected. Is done.

The other side of the ring roller 1120 and / or the planetary roller 1320 may be rotatably supported by a housing 1010 forming an outer shape.

The housing 1010 is formed in a shape surrounding the outer circumferential surface of the ring-shaped roller 1120, one side is coupled to the rear housing 1020 is inserted and supported by the input shaft 1200, the other side the output shaft 1100 to the outside Is extended.

As described above, the ring-shaped roller 1120 and / or the planetary roller 1320 may be supported by rotation by the housing 1010 or the rear housing 1020. In this case, the bearing may be formed at a site where undesirable rotational friction occurs. The members can be arranged.

As in the embodiment shown in the drawing, the ring-shaped roller 1120 extends to the other side, and the ring-shaped roller 1120 or the planetary roller 1320 and the housing 1010 in an end side adjacent to one side of the rear housing 1020. The first bearing 1150 is interposed therebetween to reduce the frictional force, and the second bearing 1250 which can reduce the frictional force between the other end side of the ring-shaped roller 1120 and the input shaft 1200 therethrough. This can be arranged.

3 and 4 are perspective views for illustrating in more detail the arrangement of the roller members in the above-mentioned speed reduction apparatus, FIG. 3 is shown in the other direction in which the input shaft is arranged, and FIG. 4 is shown in one direction in which the output shaft is arranged. .

As described above, the input shaft 1200 penetrates the rear housing 1020 and is inserted and coupled in one direction in such a manner that the sun roller 1220 is interposed between the planetary rollers 1320.

At this time, three planetary rollers 1320 may be arranged at equal intervals along the outer circumferential surface of the sun roller 1220, the number of the arrangement may be made of course.

The fourth bearing 1360 may be coupled to reduce the frictional force with the rotating support portion at the other end portion of the planetary roller 1320, that is, at the other end portion of the ring-shaped roller 1120. .

The bearing members are formed in a ball bearing manner in which a plurality of balls are disposed between the inner ring and the outer ring and the inner ring and the outer ring to which the predetermined rotating members are coupled on the center, but is not necessarily limited thereto.

In addition, in the above example, the ring roller 1120 is rotatably supported by the housing 1010 on one side, and the planetary roller 1320 is rotatably supported by the plate portion 1110 coupled with the ring roller 1120 on one side. Of course, the other side may be made in an open shape.

The output shaft 1100, the plate portion 1110 and the ring roller 1120 may be formed integrally, preferably made of an injection molded product. At this time, the plate portion 1110 and the ring-shaped roller 1120 is shown an example consisting of a substantially columnar shape with the other side open.

Figure 6 is a perspective view showing a pressing member for improving the friction force of the speed reduction apparatus of the present invention.

As described above, the ring roller 1120 and the sun roller 1220 are formed as a part of a conical shape inclined in the direction of the output shaft 1100, and the planetary shaft 1321 of the planetary roller 1320 is also inclined in the direction of the output shaft, thereby providing frictional force. In order to improve the pressure member 1400 is to transmit the force to one side.

The pressing member 1400 may be disposed to provide pressure to the one side to the planetary roller 1320, in the embodiment of the present invention by pressing the other end side of the planetary roller 1320 as a kind of leaf spring ring-shaped roller Close to 1120.

Note that since the planetary roller 1320 and the ring-shaped roller 1120 are formed or arranged to be inclined toward the output side according to the concept of the present invention, a part of the horizontal force is converted into the normal direction of the contact surface to improve the frictional force. shall.

The pressing member 1400 may transmit an elastic force together with the planetary roller 1320 directly or through a predetermined member as a plate-shaped member, but are disposed at the other end of each planetary roller 1320. Of course, it may be made of an elastic means.

According to this concept, one end of the pressing member 1400 may press the planetary roller 1320 and the other end of the pressing member 1400 may be supported by the housing 1010 or the rear housing 1020.

Specifically, the pressing member 1400 is formed in a ring shape and the plate portion 1410 through which the input shaft 1200 penetrates to the center side, and the pressing portion 1420 extending in a radial direction inclined to one side from the plate portion 1410. ) And a contact surface portion 1430 disposed at an end side of the pressing portion 1420 to transmit an elastic force to the planetary roller 1320.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the other surface of the plate portion 1410 is in contact with the inner surface of the rear housing 1020, the pressing portion 1420 is elastic to the other side in the state in which the rear housing 1020 and the housing 1010 is fastened. It is deformed to provide an elastic force, and as described above, the play is gradually generated by wear caused by the use of the ring-shaped roller 1120 or the planetary roller 1320 or the sun roller 1220 and to compensate for the play. The roller 1320 and the sun roller 1220 must move a predetermined distance in one direction, that is, in the direction of the output shaft 1100. At this time, the pressing member 1400 is also deformed by the moving distance to provide a continuous adhesion, therefore, the housing 1010 or the rear housing 1020 to the one side of the planetary roller 1320 and the pressing member 1400 It is preferable that a space is formed to ensure the deformation of).

In addition, there is a necessity to move the sun roller 1220 together with the movement of the planetary roller 1320. The pressing member 1400 is a sun roller 1220 via a predetermined connecting member (not shown). ) And the planetary roller 1320 may be provided with an elastic force in one direction. However, the pressing means of the sun roller 1220 may be formed separately.

7 is a perspective view showing the input shaft portion of the speed reduction apparatus of the present invention.

As described above, a sun roller 1220 is disposed at one end of the input shaft 1200, and the sun roller 1220 is in contact with the planetary roller 1320 while being inclined to one side.

The input shaft 1200 of the sun roller 1220 may be connected to a predetermined driving unit 1500, but the input shaft 1200 may be connected in such a manner as to be interposed in the middle of the power transmission means without being connected to the driving unit 1500. .

Herein, the input shaft 1200 connected to the sun roller 1220 may be disposed to move together as the sun roller 1220 moves in one direction. The flow of the input shaft 1200 may be made inside the driving unit 1500, or the input shaft 1200 may be coupled to be moved between each other in a manner in which two members are connected.

The driving unit 1500 is a device that generates a rotational force by an external predetermined control signal, and a rotation shaft is connected to the input shaft 1200.

The reduction ratio of the reduction apparatus 1000 of the present invention may be determined by the outer diameter of the sun roller 1220 and the inner diameter of the ring roller 1120, and more precisely, the sun roller at the portion in contact with the planetary roller 1320. It can be determined by the ratio of the radius of the cross section of the 1220, and the inner diameter of the ring-shaped roller 1120 in the contact with the planetary roller 1320.

In this case, when the ratio is large, it means that the reduction ratio is large, and that the torque on the output shaft is further improved. Thus, the driving unit 1500 can exert a large force with a relatively small output.

In the reduction device using the friction drive of the present invention described above, the planetary roller 1320 is interposed between the ring-shaped roller 1120 and the sun roller 1220, and decelerates while transmitting rotational force by the frictional force. It is possible to transmit the correct rotation and to reduce the occurrence of errors.

In addition, since the shape and arrangement of the ring-shaped roller 1120, the sun roller 1220, and the planetary roller 1320 are inclined toward the output side, the ring roller 1120 and the roller roller 1320 are easy to engage or maintain with each other. Since the wear can be compensated for, the durability is improved.

Since the outer surface of the planetary roller 1320 is formed in the shape of a curved surface in the axial direction, the contact surface is fine according to the wear of the ring-shaped roller 1120 and / or the planetary roller 1320 and / or the sun roller 1220. Will change.

That is, when the planetary roller 1320 moves to one side, the portion of the planetary roller 1320 in contact with the ring roller 1120 moves a predetermined distance to the other side. Similarly, when the sun roller 1220 moves to one side with respect to the planetary roller 1320, the portion of the planetary roller 1320 in contact with the sun roller 1220 moves to a side by a predetermined distance.

It should be noted that this means a change in the friction surfaces or frictional areas and leads to the advantage that the durability can be further improved.

In the case of the planetary gear type reduction apparatus of the prior art, there was a problem in that precise control was virtually impossible due to the presence of a backlash due to a gear. Even in the precise rotation amount control has the advantage that can be.

In the foregoing, the present invention has been described in detail based on the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments and drawings, and the scope of the present invention will be limited only by the content of the following claims.

1000 ... Reduction gear 1010 ... Housing
1020 Rear housing 1100 Output shaft
1110 ... plate section 1120 ... ring roller
1150 ... 1st Bearing 1200 ... Input Shaft
1220 ... Sun Roller 1250 ... Second Bearing
1320 ... planetary roller 1321 ... planetary shaft
1350 ... 3rd Bearing 1360 ... 4th Bearing
1400 ... Pressure element 1410 ... Plate part
1420 ... Pressure part 1430 ... Contact face part
1500 ... Drive

Claims (12)

A sun roller connected to the input shaft and having a shape of a portion of a cone or cone shape whose radius is reduced toward one side thereof;
A plurality of planetary rollers which are in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the sun roller and are disposed in the circumferential direction and whose outer circumferential surface is curved in the axial direction so that the radius of the central portion is largest;
A ring roller having an inner circumferential surface in contact with the planetary roller and forming a part of a cone shape whose inner diameter decreases toward one side, and having an inner circumferential surface in contact with an outer circumferential surface of the planetary roller and connected to an output shaft; And
A plate portion supported on the other inner surface of the housing disposed on the other end side and through which the input shaft penetrates, a plurality of pressing portions extending in a radial direction so as to be inclined from the plate portion to one side, and disposed on an end side of the pressing portion, It includes; a pressing member consisting of a contact surface portion for transmitting an elastic force,
The pressing member is a leaf spring consisting of a plate-like member to press the other end side of the planetary roller to be in close contact with the ring-shaped roller,
The sun roller and the planetary roller are arranged to move in the direction of the output shaft in the ring roller to compensate for the play caused by the wear, and the contact portion between the ring roller and the sun roller and the planetary roller is worn according to the wear of the contact portion. Reduction device using a friction drive, characterized in that changing. delete The method of claim 1,
The pressing member is a deceleration device using a friction drive, characterized in that to provide an elastic force in one direction to the sun roller and the planetary roller via a connecting member. delete delete delete The method of claim 1,
The planetary roller, the speed reduction device using a friction drive, characterized in that the rotational planetary shaft is arranged to be inclined to one side.
delete delete delete delete delete

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