KR101231640B1 - Method for constructing underground silo - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for constructing large-scale cylindrical silos underground. In the underground silo construction method according to the present invention, a step of forming a first entry path and a second entry path from the ground to the first point of the silo to be built in the basement and the second point disposed below from the first point, the first entry path And digging a rock at each of the second entrance roads to form an upper space at an upper side and a lower space at a lower side of the silo to be constructed, and forming a boundary path connected to the first entrance path spirally along an outer surface of the silo to be constructed. And excavating the rock between the bottom surface of the upper space of the silo and the ceiling surface of the lower space.

Description

Method for constructing underground silo

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for constructing an underground reservoir, and more particularly to a method for constructing a large volume cylindrical silo for storing high pressure fluids such as compressed air or compressed natural gas.

Recently, interest in compressed air storage systems for the purpose of storing large amounts of energy is increasing. Compressed Air Energy Storage System (CAES) is a system that compresses air by using spare power at night and holidays and stores it in storage facilities such as underground rock. Is burned together with fuel for use in gas turbine power generation.

In addition, power generation through renewable energy such as wind power, tidal power, and solar power has recently emerged, and this renewable energy is stable due to the variability in power generation due to the variability of sunlight and wind according to time and weather. Development is impossible. In this regard, power generation through renewable energy should be linked to the energy storage system. The pumped power station, which has been operated for a long time for energy storage, is not easy to construct due to environmental problems. Compressed air can be replaced. Storage systems are getting more and more attention.

Since compressed air has a pressure of approximately 50-75 bar, a reservoir for storing compressed air is formed in the basement rather than the ground, thereby securing pressure resistance and stability through the restraint pressure of the surrounding rock. More specifically, compressed air reservoirs are formed by excavating a cavity at a certain depth in the basement, utilizing aquifers confined within a rock, or injecting hot water into a rock salt layer to form a cavity. Considering this, the most practical way to dig a cavity underground is the most realistic.

Until now, large-scale underground reservoirs have been constructed such as oil storage bases, but most of them are tunnel-type, and the pressure of the fluid in the reservoir is low compared to compressed air, so it is not preferable to directly use tunnel-type reservoirs for compressed air storage.

The cylindrical silo, which is considered to be excellent in pressure resistance, is suitable for storing compressed air, but there is no example of installing a large-capacity cylindrical silo having a diameter of approximately 50 to 60 m and a height of approximately 70 to 80 m in the underground core. This is a problem.

However, the downward excavation method and the upward excavation method are theoretically proposed for the cylindrical silo construction method, and these theoretical methods are shown in FIGS. 1 to 3. 1 to 3 are schematic views for explaining a top down drilling method as a theoretical construction method of a cylindrical silo.

Referring to FIG. 1, in the top-down excavation method, access paths 1 and 2 are respectively formed in the upper and lower parts from the ground, and the upper and lower surfaces are respectively excavated from the access paths 1 and 2. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 2, a vertical sphere 3 is formed in the central portion between the upper drilling surface 4 and the lower drilling surface 8.

And while the equipment (5) moves along the upper access path (1), the rock blast step by step blasting down, and the baggage (7) according to the blast falls through the vertical sphere (3) to lower the lower access path (2) The equipment (6) is a way to discharge the barrel (7) to the outside.

However, in this downward digging method, as the excavation progresses, as shown in FIG. 3, the upper access path 1 and the excavation surface 4 are separated, so that the equipment 5 moves to the upper access path 1. It is not possible to enter, the equipment 5 can not be evacuated at the time of blasting for the excavation, practical application is difficult.

Conversely, in the case of digging from the bottom to the top in the form of only a downward ramp, the equipment can be evacuated at any time along the lower entry path, but as the excavation proceeds, the distance between the equipment and the excavation surface becomes far, which makes the excavation itself impossible. There is a problem that the degradation, the upward excavation method is also practical construction is impossible.

The present invention is to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an underground silo construction method that can easily and safely form a cylindrical silo in the basement.

Underground silo construction method according to the present invention for achieving the above object, (a) from the ground to the first point of the silo scheduled to be built and the second point of the silo disposed below from the first point to the first entry path And forming a second entry path, (b) digging a rock in the first entry path and the second entry path, respectively, to form an upper space on the upper side and a lower space on the lower side of the silo to be constructed, (c) Forming a boundary road connected to the first entry path in a spiral manner along the outer surface of the silo to be constructed, and (d) digging a rock between the floor surface of the upper space and the ceiling surface of the lower space. .

According to the present invention, after dividing the rock between the upper space and the lower space into a plurality of layers, the boundary road is set to the outer limit to blast and excavate the rock step by step in each of the floor units, the worker at the time of blasting And the equipment enter and evacuate to the boundary formed in the lower part of the floor where blasting is performed for safety.

And forming a discharge gang between the bottom surface of the upper space and the ceiling surface of the lower space so as to discharge the waste-rock to be generated by the blasting.

In order to form the discharge pit, a plurality of blast holes for blasting are drilled between the bottom surface of the upper space and the ceiling surface of the lower space, and the blasting is performed step by step a plurality of times upward from the bottom of the blast holes. .

In addition, in performing the blasting on the discharge gang, the blast hole is installed in the upper and lower portions of the gunpowder, respectively, so that either blasting can be performed smoothly.

In addition, in performing the blasting on the discharge gangster simply, after closing the lowermost part of the blasting hole in each step, the whole material is dropped and filled from the top of the blasting hole to color the lower part, and after blasting, subsequent blasting is performed. For the purpose of public blasting, public blasts are carried out.

In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, so as to discharge the waste-rock to be generated by the blasting, to form a discharge gang between the bottom surface of the upper space and the ceiling surface of the lower space, to perform the blasting for each layer partitioned In this case, the rock between the inner circumferential surface of the discharge gang and the outer surface of the silo to be constructed is excavated to form a free surface, and then the rock is excavated along the circumferential direction of the silo to be constructed from the free surface.

In addition, the spiral boundary is formed by excavating upward from the second entry path toward the first entry path to facilitate the discharge of groundwater.

The silo constructed according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a cylindrical space portion having the same diameter along the vertical direction, and a dome-shaped space portion whose diameter gradually decreases toward the upper side may be formed in the upper portion of the cylindrical space portion.

Silo construction method according to the present invention, by providing a method for excavating a large-size cylindrical silo in the basement to provide electricity in the compressed air storage, compressed natural gas storage for energy storage.

In addition, in the present invention, by forming a spiral boundary in order to build a large-scale cylindrical silo, there is an advantage that the blasting work for the rock can be safely performed.

In addition, by forming a spiral boundary path in advance, the blast limit line can be visually confirmed at the time of rock excavation, which facilitates work and copes with changes in the condition of the rock.

1 to 3 are schematic views for explaining a top down drilling method as a theoretical construction method of a cylindrical silo.
4 is a schematic flowchart of a silo construction method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a view for explaining an excavation route to the first and second entry paths and the boundary.
6 is a view for explaining a method of excavating a boundary road.
7 is a cross-sectional view of a silo to be constructed in a state where upper and lower gangs and discharge gangs are formed.
8 is a view for explaining a blasting process for forming the discharge gang.
9 is a view for explaining the arrangement of the blast hole for the blasting of the discharge gang.
10 is a view for explaining a blasting process forming a free surface.
11 is a view for explaining the process of blasting rock for each layer.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, a silo construction method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail.

Figure 4 is a schematic flowchart of a silo construction method according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5 is a view for explaining the excavation path to the first and second entry path and the boundary, Figure 6 is a method for excavating the boundary road It is a figure for demonstrating, FIG. 7 is sectional drawing of the silo to be built in the state which formed the upper shaft, the lower shaft, and the discharge shaft.

4 to 7, in the silo construction method according to an embodiment of the present invention, after first surveying the area of the underground where the silo will be constructed, the first point which is the upper point of the area and the lower point of the area The first entry path 10 and the second entry path 20 are excavated to the second point, respectively. Although the first entry path 10 and the second entry path 20 may be formed separately from the ground, as shown in FIG. 5, the second entry path 20 is excavated from the ground to the second point. The first entry path 10 which is branched from a specific point above the second entry path 20 and connected to the first point may be excavated.

Since various equipments are moved through the first entry path 10 and the second entry path 20, the first and second entry paths 10 and 20 should be formed with a gentle slope as a whole. For example, in the case of a dump truck, the climbing angle should be formed at about 6 to 8 ° or less, and in the case of a road vehicle, the climbing angle is not greatly affected. Therefore, when digging the first and second entry paths 10 and 20, the climbing angles of the above devices should be considered. Thus, although the silos may form the first and second entry paths smoothly and linearly from a point horizontally far from the area to be constructed, as shown in FIG. 5, the first and second entry paths 10 and 20 spirally from the ground. ) Can be excavated to achieve the proper climbing angle. The waste stones generated while digging the first and second entry paths 10 and 20 are disposed of after disposal to the ground using a dump truck or the like.

Since the first point is closer to the ground than the second point, the first entry path 10 may be completed to be excavated earlier than the second entry path 20. When the first entry path 10 is excavated, the upper space of the silo 100 is formed from the first entry path 10.

As in this embodiment, when the silo 100 to be constructed is the body portion (b) is cylindrical, but the upper space is formed in a dome shape, the cylindrical body of the silo 100 is the first point at which the first entrance 10 ends And the boundary between the top of the dome shape. Accordingly, the dome part 11 of the upper side of the silo 100 is excavated from the first point. When the height of the dome portion 11 is not high and the equipment is accessible from the first point to the upper surface of the dome portion 11, the excavation may be performed upward using the equipment.

However, since the size of the silo is large and the height of the dome part 11 is high, as in this embodiment, the equipment is limited. As shown in FIG. 5, the dome boundary 35 is spiraled upward from the first point. Excavate) Since the dome boundary 35 is formed along the outer circumferential surface of the dome part 11 to be excavated, it functions as an excavation limit line when excavating the dome part 11. Excavation method of the dome boundary 35 is the same as the main boundary 30 to be described later will be replaced by the description of the main boundary 30 to be described later. As described above, after the dome boundary 35 is formed, the rock is excavated downward from the upper portion of the dome boundary 35 to form the dome part 11.

Meanwhile, when the excavation of the second entry path 20 is completed, the lower space 12 and the main boundary path 30 of the silo 100 are excavated together from the second point. Of course, the main boundary road 30 may be excavated first and the lower space 20 may be excavated, or the lower space 20 may be excavated first, but in a condition where the equipment and the manpower are sufficiently secured, the excavation together shortens the air. There is an advantage to this.

The main boundary road 30 may be formed by excavating downward from the first point, but is preferably formed by excavating upward from the second point under the silo as in the present embodiment. This is due to the drainage of the ground water coming out when excavating the main boundary road (30). That is, when the excavation of the main boundary road 30 upward from the bottom upwards, the groundwater may be drained to the main boundary road 30 which has already been excavated. There is a problem that must be forcibly drained using.

The main boundary road 30 is formed spirally along the outer circumferential surface of the silo 100 to be constructed. As a result, when the main boundary road 30 excavates the rock to form the silo 100, it functions as an outer boundary line (excavation limit line).

 In addition, as will be described later, the main boundary road 30 functions as an evacuation that equipment can be evacuated when blasting for rock excavation, and thus the inclination angle of the main boundary road 30 is 6 to 8 ° as in the above-mentioned access road. It is good to maintain the inclination angle.

When excavating to form the spiral main boundary 30, as shown in FIG. 6, the circumferential curve of the main boundary 30 is divided into a plurality of short straight intervals l, and this linear interval ( l) is further divided into detailed sections s, and blasted by the divided sections s to continuously excavate the main boundary 30. Here, as the distance between the straight sections 1 is shorter, the main boundary 30 may be formed in a complete spiral.

However, if the straight section l is divided too short, the distance excavated by one blasting (drilling field, detailed section s) becomes too short and is not efficient. However, since the silo 100 constructed by the present embodiment reaches approximately 50 to 60 m in diameter, the straight section l may be set to a predetermined length or more, thereby ensuring a minimum amount of excavation due to blasting. have. As a result, the air delay does not occur as the main boundary 30 is formed spirally.

In the above manner, the spiral main boundary 30 is divided into a straight section and a subdivided section s, and excavated through blasting, and the dome boundary 35 is also excavated in the same manner.

Meanwhile, when the lower space 12 is excavated together under the silo 100 while the main boundary 30 is excavated, as shown in FIG. 7, the dome part 11 is formed on the upper side of the silo 100. The lower space 12 is formed in the lower side.

In the above state, a perforation is formed between the bottom surface of the dome portion 11 and the ceiling surface of the lower space 12 to form the discharge shaft 40 as shown in FIG. 7. The discharge gang 40 is for discharging the waste-rock (block) generated when excavating a rock between the bottom surface of the dome portion 11 and the ceiling surface of the lower space 12 toward the lower space 12. That is, the rock between the bottom surface of the dome portion 11 and the ceiling surface of the lower space 12 is excavated downward from the top, at which time the waste-rock generated by the blasting is discharged from the lower space 12 through the discharge shaft 40. When falling to, the waste stone can be transported to the ground through the second entry path 20 from the bottom.

A method of forming the discharge gang 40 is illustrated in FIGS. 8 and 9. 8 is a view for explaining the blasting process for forming the discharge gang, Figure 9 is a view for explaining the arrangement of the blast hole for the blasting of the discharge gang.

8 and 9, the discharge shaft 40 is excavated through blasting up from the bottom. First, the blast hole, that is, the charge hole 51, is drilled in the pattern as shown in FIG. Shim is in the form of a bun cut, as shown in Figure 9, puncturing two to three armed holes 52 according to the situation. However, the blasting pattern may use different blasting patterns according to the type of rock and the surrounding conditions. The medicated holes 51 and the armed holes 52 are formed over the entire length in which the discharge gang 40 is to be formed.

Subsequently, the discharge gang 40 is formed by blasting the rock several times from the bottom by dividing it into sections of about 6-8 m. As shown in the enlarged portion of FIG. 8, for every blasting, first, the filler (51) is dropped by dropping a color matter () such as sand or moist clay from the upper side in the state of blocking the lowermost part of the charge hole (51). In the lower part of), color it with a thickness of approximately 30 ~ 50Cm.

In order to prevent the bottom of the charge hole 51, a cap (not shown) for closing the charge hole 51 by using the equipment from the lower space 12 of the silo 100 may be installed, and in the dome part 11 upside down Using a rope or the like to lower the cap through the charge hole to close the lower portion of the charge hole and then may be used to cut the rope. In particular, in the case of installing the cap from the dome part 11, when the cap penetrates the charging hole, a structure that can be closed and expanded from the bottom to close the charging hole may be adopted.

After the lower part of the charging hole 51 is transferred, the lower primer 62 and the gunpowder 63 are sequentially installed from the dome part 11, and the upper primer 64 is also installed on the upper part of the gunpowder 63 again. Finally, on the upper primer 64, as in the lower portion, it is colored with a color material 65 such as sand. Placing the primers on the top and bottom together is to ensure that the blasting is carried out successfully even if one primer fails.

As shown in FIG. 8, after excavating the lower part of the discharge gang 40 through one blasting in the state (a) to make a state as shown in (b), the second blasting is finally performed again in FIG. 8. The discharge gang 40 is formed as shown in (d). After one blasting is finished, problems such as clogging of the upper part of the charge hole 51 may occur due to the effect of the extraction, so that the subsequent blasting is performed after the public cleaning of the charge hole 51 using a perforator. desirable.

As described above, when the excavation shaft 40 is excavated, the rock between the bottom surface of the dome portion 11 and the ceiling surface of the lower space 12 is excavated. And the waste-rock generated by the excavation is dropped through the discharge gang 40 and in the lower space 12 transfers the waste-rock to the outside through the second entry path (20).

10 and 11 illustrate a process of excavating a rock between the bottom surface of the dome portion 11 and the ceiling surface of the lower space 12. FIG. 10 is a view for explaining a blasting process for forming a free surface, and FIG. 11 is a view for explaining a process of blasting rock for each layer.

First, as shown in FIG. 7, the rock between the bottom surface of the dome portion 11 and the ceiling surface of the lower space 12 is divided into a plurality of layers.

In addition, after dividing the rock into each layer as described above, the rock is blasted and excavated in subdivided units, and the order of blasting one layer is as shown in FIG. 10. That is, similarly to the form of open-air mining, the blast is sequentially blasted from the inner circumferential surface of the discharge shaft 40 toward the radial direction as shown in (a)-(c). Since the main boundary road 30 is a limit line of excavation along the radial direction, workers can easily perform blasting work while visually checking the limit line.

The charge hole 71 is installed in a plurality of rows along the radial direction of the cylindrical direction, that is, the cylindrical silo 100. At this time, since the minimum resistance line may vary depending on the puncturing form of the charge hole 71, the space gap of the charge hole may be made constant and the charge amount may be changed for each charge hole, and the space amount may be adjusted while the ball is constant. This allows excavation to be performed to a desired degree by one blasting. At this time, the amount of blasting in the vertical direction (up and down direction) is equal to the thickness of one layer (sublevel).

As described above, when blasting is performed along the radial direction from the inner circumferential surface of the discharge gangster 40, it becomes a shape as shown in FIG. Surfaces designated by reference numerals 72 and 73 in FIG. 10C serve as free surfaces in subsequent blasting.

In the state as shown in FIG. 10C, blasting is performed stepwise as shown in FIGS. 11A to 11C along the circumferential direction of the silo 100. Since the free surfaces 72 and 73 are formed on both sides, air can be shortened by blasting along the clockwise and counterclockwise directions.

And when blasting the rock equipment and personnel can enter the lower along the main boundary 30 to escape from the danger of scattering of waste-rock during blasting.

As described above, when the excavation is completed in each floor unit from the bottom surface of the dome part 11 to the bottom and finally the excavation is completed to the ceiling surface of the lower space 12, the excavation of the cylindrical silo 100 is completed. The lower part of the silo 100 may be formed in a slightly smaller diameter as shown in FIG. 7.

As described above, in the present invention, by forming a spiral boundary 30 to build a large-scale cylindrical silo 100, not only can the blasting work for the rock mass, but also the silos 100 Since the outer boundary line is excavated in advance, the blast limit line can be visually checked at the time of rock excavation, and thus the work is easy, and it is easy to cope with changes in the condition of the rock.

Although described and illustrated as a dome-shaped space is formed on the upper portion of the silo so far, it is not necessarily limited thereto, and the dome portion is not formed on the upper portion of the silo, and the silo may be formed only in a cylindrical shape. In this case, the first entry path leads to the first point of the uppermost part of the cylindrical silo. In this case, the cylindrical body may be divided into a plurality of layers along the vertical direction and then excavated in each layer unit.

In addition, in the blasting in each layer unit up to now, as described in Figure 11 to perform the blasting along the circumferential direction of the silo, it is not necessary to blast along the circumferential direction, but blasting parallel to the free surface May be performed differently depending on conditions.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is clearly understood that the same is by way of illustration and example only and is not to be taken by way of limitation and that those skilled in the art will recognize that various modifications and equivalent arrangements may be made therein. It will be possible. Accordingly, the true scope of protection of the present invention should be determined only by the appended claims.

100 ... silos 10 ... first entry
11 ... Dome (upper space) 12 ... Lower space
20 ... 2nd entrance 30 ... to the main boundary
35 ... 40 to the dome boundary
51,71 ... Loader 52 ... Armed Pharmacy

Claims (13)

(a) forming a first entry path and a second entry path from the ground to a first point of the silo to be built underground and to a second point of the silo disposed below the first point;
(b) digging a rock in each of the first entry path and the second entry path to form an upper space on an upper side and a lower space on a lower side of the silo to be constructed;
(c) forming a boundary road spirally connected to the first entry path along an outer surface of the silo to be constructed;
(d) excavating a rock between the ceiling surface of the lower space from the bottom surface of the upper space of the silo; silo construction method comprising a. The method of claim 1,
After partitioning the rock between the upper space and the lower space of the silo into a plurality of layers,
Silo construction method characterized in that the blast path and excavation step by step in the partitioned layer of rock between the upper space and the lower space of the silo by setting the boundary road to the outer limit. The method of claim 2,
When blasting is performed on each floor unit,
Silo construction method for the operator and the equipment to enter and evacuate the boundary road formed in the lower portion of the floor where the blasting is performed for safety. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Silo construction method further comprising the step of forming a discharge pit between the bottom surface of the upper space and the ceiling surface of the lower space to discharge the waste stone to be generated by the blasting. 5. The method of claim 4,
In order to form the discharge gang,
Drilling a plurality of blasting holes for blasting between the bottom surface of the upper space and the ceiling surface of the lower space,
Blasting by the gunpowder silo construction method characterized in that it is carried out step by step in a plurality of times upward from the bottom of the blast hole. The method of claim 5,
In performing blasting on the discharge gang,
Silo construction method characterized in that the blast holes are installed in the upper and lower primers, respectively. The method of claim 5,
In performing blasting on the discharge gang,
After closing the lowermost part of the blasting hole in each step, the silo construction method characterized in that the blasting hole is colored by dropping and filling the whole material from the top of the blasting hole. The method of claim 5,
When blasting the discharge shaft in stages,
After the blasting, silo construction method characterized in that public cleaning for the blasting hole for subsequent blasting. The method of claim 2,
And forming a discharge gang between the bottom surface of the upper space and the ceiling surface of the lower space so as to discharge waste rock to be generated by blasting.
In performing the blasting for each of the partitioned layers, after excavating the rock between the inner circumferential surface of the discharge gang and the outer surface of the silo to be constructed to form a free surface,
Silo construction method characterized in that the excavation of the rock in the circumferential direction of the silo to be constructed from the free surface. The method of claim 1,
Spiral construction method characterized in that the spiral boundary is formed by excavating upward from the second entry path toward the first entry path. The method of claim 1,
Spiral construction method characterized in that the spiral boundary is formed at an inclination angle of 6 ~ 8 ° with respect to the horizontal plane. The method of claim 1,
The silo construction method characterized in that it comprises a cylindrical space portion having the same diameter along the vertical direction. The method of claim 12,
Silo construction method characterized in that the silo to be constructed is formed in the upper portion of the cylindrical space portion, the dome-shaped space portion is gradually reduced toward the upper side.

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