KR101116209B1

KR101116209B1 - An air conditioner for multi-step driving

Info

Publication number: KR101116209B1
Application number: KR1020040037160A
Authority: KR
Inventors: 서무교; 노현일
Original assignee: 삼성전자주식회사
Priority date: 2004-05-25
Filing date: 2004-05-25
Publication date: 2012-06-12
Also published as: KR20050112233A; CN1702393A; CN1324274C

Abstract

The present invention is to provide a multi-stage operating air conditioner capable of operating with various cooling and heating capabilities by appropriately controlling each component in connection with operations for a plurality of compressors, a plurality of heat exchangers, and a plurality of discharge ports. The present invention for this purpose; A plurality of opening and closing devices for opening and closing the plurality of discharge ports; A plurality of compressors connected in parallel; A plurality of heat exchangers for heat exchange with indoor air; And opening one or more discharge ports of the plurality of discharge ports to discharge the air heat-exchanged by any one or more of the plurality of heat exchangers to the room according to a heating and cooling load, and driving one or more compressors among the plurality of compressors. It includes a control unit.

Description

An air conditioner for multi-step driving}

도1은 본 발명의 일실시예에 따른 공기 조화기의 냉매유로를 도시한 도면이다.1 is a view showing a refrigerant passage of an air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention.

도2는 도1의 공기 조화기의 실내기를 도시한 사시도이다.FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the indoor unit of the air conditioner of FIG.

도3은 도1의 공기 조화기의 실내기를 도시한 단면도이다.3 is a cross-sectional view showing the indoor unit of the air conditioner of FIG.

도4는 도1의 공기 조화기에서 다단 운전시 각 장치들의 작동상태를 나타낸 도표이다.Figure 4 is a diagram showing the operating state of each device in the multi-stage operation in the air conditioner of FIG.

도 5a는 본 발명에 따라 1단운전시 제1토출구만을 통해 냉기를 토출하는 것을 도시한 단면도이고, 도 5b는 2단운전시 제2토출구만을 통해 냉기를 토출하는 것을 도시한 단면도이고, 도 5c는 3단운전시 제1토출구 및 제2토출구를 통해 냉기를 토출하는 것을 도시한 단면도이다.Figure 5a is a cross-sectional view showing the discharge of cold air through only the first discharge port in the first stage operation in accordance with the present invention, Figure 5b is a cross-sectional view showing the discharge of cold air only through the second discharge port in the second stage operation, Figure 5c Is a cross-sectional view showing the discharge of cold air through the first discharge port and the second discharge port during the three-stage operation.

*도면의 주요 기능에 대한 부호의 설명*[Description of the Reference Numerals]

10 : 실내기 11 : 제1열교환기10: indoor unit 11: first heat exchanger

12 : 제2열교환기 16 : 열교환기밸브12 second heat exchanger 16 heat exchanger valve

20 : 실외기 21 : 제1압축기20: outdoor unit 21: first compressor

22 : 제2압축기 41 : 제1토출구22: second compressor 41: first discharge port

42 : 제2토출구 42: second discharge outlet

본 발명은 다단 운전 공기 조화기에 관한 것으로, 더욱 상세하게는 다양한 냉난방용량으로 운전할 수 있는 다단 운전 공기 조화기에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a multi-stage operational air conditioner, and more particularly, to a multi-stage operational air conditioner capable of operating with various cooling and heating capacity.

일반적으로, 종래의 공기 조화기는 1대의 실내기와 1대의 실외기로 이루어지고, 실내기에는 실내공기의 열교환을 위한 실내열교환기와, 냉각된 실내공기를 실내기 외부로 토출하기 위한 토출구가 마련된다. 또한, 실외기에는 냉매를 압축하는 압축기와, 실외공기와 열교환을 하기 위한 실외열교환기와, 냉매를 팽창시키는 전자팽창밸브가 마련된다.In general, a conventional air conditioner includes one indoor unit and one outdoor unit, and the indoor unit is provided with an indoor heat exchanger for heat exchange of indoor air, and a discharge port for discharging the cooled indoor air to the outside of the indoor unit. In addition, the outdoor unit is provided with a compressor for compressing the refrigerant, an outdoor heat exchanger for heat exchange with the outdoor air, and an electronic expansion valve for expanding the refrigerant.

이러한 종래의 공기 조화기에서 사용자에 의해 운전명령이 입력되면 마이컴은 각종 센서들에서 입력된 데이터를 기초로 하여 압축기의 회전수를 제어하거나(로터리압축기의 경우임), 전동변의 개도 및 송풍팬의 회전수 등을 제어하여 실내온도가 설정온도에 도달하도록 하였다. 즉, 사용자에 의해 토출풍량이 많은 고단운전이 설정된 경우 마이컴은 압축기의 회전수 및 송풍팬의 회전수를 크게 하여 냉난방능력을 증가시키고, 저단운전이 설정된 경우 압축기의 회전수 및 송풍팬의 회전수를 작게 하여 냉난방능력이 감소되도록 하였다.In the conventional air conditioner, when the operation command is input by the user, the microcomputer controls the rotation speed of the compressor based on the data input from the various sensors (in the case of a rotary compressor), or the opening of the electric valve and the blower fan. The rotation speed and the like were controlled so that the room temperature reached the set temperature. That is, when the high speed operation with a large amount of discharge air is set by the user, the microcomputer increases the cooling and heating capacity by increasing the speed of the compressor and the speed of the blowing fan, and when the low speed is set, the speed of the compressor and the speed of the blower fan. To make the cooling and heating capacity decrease.

그러나 이와 같은 종래의 공기 조화기는 압축기의 회전수 또는 송풍팬의 회전수 변경을 통한 냉난방능력의 변화정도가 작아 냉난방부하의 변경에 따른 적절한 냉난방을 수행할 수 없는 문제점이 있었다. 예를 들어 3개의 방과 1개의 거실로 이 루어진 실내공간에서 거실만의 냉난방이 정격부하인 공기 조화기를 설치하여 사용하다가 2개 방의 출입문을 모두 개방하여 사용하는 경우 공기 조화기의 냉난방능력을 최대로 하여 운전하더라도 실내온도의 변화폭이 작아 쾌적한 공조상태를 얻을 수 없게 된다.However, such a conventional air conditioner has a problem in that proper cooling and heating may not be performed due to a change in cooling and heating load because the degree of change in the cooling and heating capacity is changed by changing the rotation speed of the compressor or the rotation speed of the blower fan. For example, in an indoor space consisting of three rooms and one living room, the air conditioner with the rated load of the living room is installed and used, and when the doors of both rooms are opened and used, the air conditioning capacity of the air conditioner is maximized. Even in the case of operating in the low temperature range, the change in the room temperature is small and a pleasant air-conditioning state cannot be obtained.

이와 달리, 1실의 냉난방을 위해 공기 조화기를 설치하여 사용하다가 1실을 2실로 구획하여 구획된 2실 중 1실의 냉난방만을 수행하는 공기 조화기는 요구되는 압축용량 보다 큰 압축용량을 가지는 압축기 및 요구되는 열교환능력 보다 큰 열교환능력을 가지는 열교환기를 사용함에 따라 불필요한 에너지가 낭비되는 문제점이 있었다. On the contrary, an air conditioner that installs and uses an air conditioner for air conditioning of one room and divides one room into two rooms and performs only air conditioning of one of the two compartments divided into a compressor having a compression capacity larger than the required compression capacity; There was a problem in that unnecessary energy is wasted by using a heat exchanger having a heat exchange capacity larger than the required heat exchange capacity.

본 발명은 전술한 문제점을 해결하기 위한 것으로, 본 발명의 목적은 복수 압축기와 복수 열교환기 및 복수 토출구에 대한 동작과 연계하여 각 구성 장치들을 적절하게 제어함으로써 다양한 냉난방능력으로 운전할 수 있는 다단 운전 공기 조화기를 제공함에 있다.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a multi-stage operating air capable of operating with various cooling and heating capabilities by appropriately controlling each component in connection with operations of a plurality of compressors, a plurality of heat exchangers, and a plurality of discharge ports. In providing a harmonic.

상기 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명은, 복수의 토출구; 상기 복수의 토출구를 개폐하는 복수의 개폐장치; 병렬 접속된 복수의 압축기; 실내 공기와 열교환하는 복수 열교환기; 및 냉난방부하에 따라 상기 복수 열교환기 중 어느 하나 이상의 열교환기에 의해 열교환된 공기를 실내로 토출하기 위해 상기 복수의 토출구 중 어느 하나 이상의 토출구를 개방하고, 상기 복수의 압축기 중 어느 하나 이상의 압축 기를 구동하는 제어부를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다.The present invention for achieving the above object, a plurality of discharge ports; A plurality of opening and closing devices for opening and closing the plurality of discharge ports; A plurality of compressors connected in parallel; A plurality of heat exchangers for heat exchange with indoor air; And opening one or more discharge ports of the plurality of discharge ports to discharge the air heat-exchanged by any one or more of the plurality of heat exchangers to the room according to a heating and cooling load, and driving one or more compressors of the plurality of compressors. It characterized in that it comprises a control unit.

상기 제어부는 저냉난방부하 운전시 상기 복수 토출구 중 어느 하나만을 개방하고 상기 복수 압축기 중 어느 하나만을 구동하여 운전하고, 고냉난방부하 운전시 상기 복수 토출구를 모두 개방하고 상기 복수 압축기를 모두 구동하여 운전한다.The control unit opens and operates any one of the plurality of compressors during low-cooling load operation, and drives only one of the plurality of compressors. .

상기 복수 토출구는 제1토출구와 제1토출구보다 큰 제2토출구이고, 상기 복수 압축기는 제1압축기와 상기 제1압축기 보다 큰 용량의 제2압축기이며, 상기 복수 열교환기는 제1열교환기와 상기 제1열교환기 보다 큰 열교환능력의 제2열교환기이다.The plurality of discharge ports are a first discharge port and a second discharge port larger than the first discharge port, the plurality of compressors are a first compressor and a second compressor having a larger capacity than the first compressor, and the plurality of heat exchangers are the first heat exchanger and the first compressor. A second heat exchanger having a greater heat exchange capacity than the heat exchanger.

상기 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명은, 냉매를 압축하는 제1압축기; 상기 제1압축기의 구동시 개방되는 제1토출구; 상기 제1토출구를 개폐하는 제1개폐장치; 상기 제1압축기의 구동시 열교환하는 제1열교환기; 상기 제1압축기 보다 큰 압축용량을 갖는 제2압축기; 상기 제2압축기의 구동시 개방되고, 상기 제1토출구 보다 큰 크기로 형성된 제2토출구; 상기 제2토출구를 개폐하는 제2개폐장치; 상기 제2압축기의 구동시 열교환하고 상기 제1열교환기 보다 큰 열교환능력의 제2열교환기; 상기 제1 및 제2압축기의 구동에 연계하여 상기 제1토출구 및 제2토출구를 개방함으로써 냉방능력이 다른 다단 운전을 제어하는 제어부를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다.The present invention for achieving the above object, a first compressor for compressing the refrigerant; A first discharge opening which is opened when the first compressor is driven; A first opening and closing device for opening and closing the first discharge port; A first heat exchanger configured to heat exchange when the first compressor is driven; A second compressor having a larger compression capacity than the first compressor; A second discharge opening that is opened when the second compressor is driven and has a size larger than that of the first discharge opening; A second opening and closing device for opening and closing the second discharge port; A second heat exchanger for exchanging heat during operation of the second compressor and having a heat exchange capacity greater than that of the first heat exchanger; And a control unit for controlling the multi-stage operation having different cooling capacities by opening the first discharge port and the second discharge port in connection with driving of the first and second compressors.

상기 다단 운전은 상기 제1압축기를 구동하고 상기 제2압축기의 구동을 방지하며 상기 제1토출구를 개방하고 상기 제2토출구를 폐쇄하는 1단운전과, 상기 제2 압축기를 구동하고 상기 제1압축기의 구동을 방지하며 상기 제2토출구를 개방하고 상기 제1토출구를 폐쇄하는 2단운전과, 상기 제1압축기 및 제2압축기를 구동하고 상기 제1토출구 및 제2토출구를 개방하는 3단운전을 포함한다.The multi-stage operation includes a first stage operation of driving the first compressor, preventing driving of the second compressor, opening the first discharge port and closing the second discharge port, and driving the second compressor and the first compressor. A two-stage operation for preventing the driving of the second outlet and opening the second outlet and closing the first outlet, and a three-stage operation for driving the first compressor and the second compressor and opening the first outlet and the second outlet. Include.

상기 공기 조화기는 상기 2단운전 및 3단운전에서는 폐쇄하고, 상기 1단운전에서는 상기 제1압축기의 토출냉매를 상기 제1압축기의 흡입측으로 우회시키기 위한 바이패스관과, 상기 바이패스관에 설치된 바이패스밸브를 더 포함한다.The air conditioner is closed in the two-stage operation and the three-stage operation, and in the first-stage operation, a bypass pipe for bypassing the discharge refrigerant of the first compressor to the suction side of the first compressor, and installed in the bypass pipe. It further includes a bypass valve.

상기 제1열교환기는 상기 제1토출구에 이웃하여 설치되고, 상기 제2열교환기는 상기 제2토출구에 이웃하여 설치한다.The first heat exchanger is installed adjacent to the first discharge port, and the second heat exchanger is installed adjacent to the second discharge port.

상기 공기 조화기는 상기 제1열교환기의 입구와 상기 제2열교환기의 입구 사이에 연결된 냉매관에 설치되어 상기 제2열교환기로 공급되는 냉매의 흐름을 조절하는 열교환기 밸브를 더 포함한다.The air conditioner further includes a heat exchanger valve installed at a refrigerant pipe connected between the inlet of the first heat exchanger and the inlet of the second heat exchanger to regulate the flow of the refrigerant supplied to the second heat exchanger.

상기 제어부는 1단운전인 경우 상기 열교환기 밸브를 폐쇄하여 제1열교환기에만 냉매를 흐르게 하고, 2단운전 및 3단운전인 경우 상기 열교환기 밸브를 개방하여 제1 및 제2열교환기에 모두 냉매를 흐르게 한다.The control unit closes the heat exchanger valve in the first stage operation so that the refrigerant flows only in the first heat exchanger, and opens the heat exchanger valve in the second stage operation and the third stage operation to cool the refrigerant in both the first and second heat exchangers. To flow.

상기 제1 및 제2열교환기의 일측과 타측에 각각 설치되는 제1댐퍼와 제2댐퍼를 더 구비하며, 제1 및 제2댐퍼는 열교환된 공기의 흐름과 실내 공기의 흐름을 각각 통제한다.A first damper and a second damper are respectively provided on one side and the other side of the first and second heat exchangers, and the first and second dampers respectively control the flow of heat exchanged air and the flow of indoor air.

상기 제1댐퍼는 상기 제1열교환기와 상기 제2열교환기가 이웃하는 지점과 본체 전면 사이에 설치하며, 상기 제2댐퍼는 상기 제1열교환기와 상기 제2열교환기가 이웃하는 지점과 본체 후면 사이에 설치한다. The first damper is installed between the point where the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are adjacent to the front surface of the body, and the second damper is installed between the point where the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are adjacent to the rear surface of the body. do.

상기 제어부는 1단운전인 경우 상기 제1댐퍼 및 제2댐퍼를 폐쇄하며, 2단운전 및 3단운전인 경우 상기 제1댐퍼 및 제2댐퍼를 개방한다.The controller closes the first damper and the second damper in the first stage operation, and opens the first damper and the second damper in the second stage and the third stage.

이하에서는 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 본 도면을 참조하여 상세하게 설명하도록 한다. Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

도1에 도시한 바와 같이 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 공기 조화기는 실내기(10)와, 실내기(10)에 연결된 실외기(20)를 구비한다.As shown in FIG. 1, an air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an indoor unit 10 and an outdoor unit 20 connected to the indoor unit 10.

실내기(10)는 실내공기와 열교환하기 위한 제1열교환기(11) 및 제2열교환기(12)와, 실내기(10)의 외부에서 실내공기가 흡입되어 제1열교환기(11) 및 제2열교환기(12)를 거친 후 다시 실내기(10)의 외부로 토출되도록 하는 실내팬(13)과, 실내팬(13)을 회전시키는 실내팬 모터(14)를 포함한다. The indoor unit 10 includes a first heat exchanger 11 and a second heat exchanger 12 for exchanging heat with indoor air, and indoor air is sucked from the outside of the indoor unit 10 so that the first heat exchanger 11 and second After passing through the heat exchanger 12 includes an indoor fan 13 for discharging to the outside of the indoor unit 10 again, and an indoor fan motor 14 for rotating the indoor fan 13.

실내기(10)는 제1열교환기(11)의 입구에 연결한 제1냉매관(15a)에서 분기되어 상기 제2열교환기(12)의 입구에 연결하는 제2냉매관(15b)에 상기 제2열교환기(12)로 흐르는 냉매의 흐름을 조절하는 열교환기밸브(16)를 포함한다.The indoor unit 10 is branched from the first refrigerant pipe 15a connected to the inlet of the first heat exchanger 11 and connected to the second refrigerant pipe 15b connected to the inlet of the second heat exchanger 12. It includes a heat exchanger valve 16 for regulating the flow of the refrigerant flowing to the two heat exchanger (12).

열교환기밸브(16)를 개방하면 냉매의 일부는 제1냉매관(15a)을 거쳐 제1열교환기(11)에 보내지고 나머지 냉매는 제2냉매관(15b)을 거쳐 제2열교환기(12)에 보내진다. 한편 열교환기밸브(16)를 폐쇄하면 냉매는 제1열교환기(11)에만 보내진다.When the heat exchanger valve 16 is opened, part of the refrigerant is sent to the first heat exchanger 11 via the first refrigerant pipe 15a and the remaining refrigerant is passed through the second refrigerant pipe 15b to the second heat exchanger 12. Sent to). On the other hand, when the heat exchanger valve 16 is closed, the refrigerant is sent only to the first heat exchanger 11.

제1열교환기(11)의 배관에 설치되어 제1열교환기(11)에 흐르는 냉매의 온도를 측정하는 제1열교환기 온도센서(17) 및 제2열교환기(12)의 배관에 설치되어 제2열교환기(12)에 흐르는 냉매의 온도를 측정하는 제2열교환기 온도센서(18)를 포함한다. 또한, 제1열교환기(11) 및 제2열교환기(12)의 입구측에는 모세관(19)이 연 결된다.It is installed in the pipe of the first heat exchanger 11 and installed in the pipes of the first heat exchanger temperature sensor 17 and the second heat exchanger 12 for measuring the temperature of the refrigerant flowing in the first heat exchanger 11. A second heat exchanger temperature sensor 18 for measuring the temperature of the refrigerant flowing in the second heat exchanger 12 is included. In addition, a capillary tube 19 is connected to the inlet side of the first heat exchanger 11 and the second heat exchanger 12.

제2열교환기(12)는 제1열교환기(11)에 비해 넓은 면적의 냉매배관을 가지고, 그에 따라 제2열교환기(12)의 열교환능력은 제1열교환기(11)의 열교환능력 보다 크다. The second heat exchanger 12 has a larger area of refrigerant piping than the first heat exchanger 11, and thus the heat exchange capacity of the second heat exchanger 12 is greater than that of the first heat exchanger 11. .

실외기(20)는 냉매를 압축하는 제1 및 제2압축기(21,22)와, 제1 및 제2압축기(21,22)에 연결되어 각 압축기(21,22)에서 압축된 냉매를 전달받아 외부공기와 열교환하는 제3열교환기(23)와, 제3열교환기(23)로 강제 송풍하는 실외팬(24)과, 실외팬(24)을 회전시키는 실외팬 모터(25)를 포함한다.The outdoor unit 20 is connected to the first and second compressors 21 and 22 for compressing the refrigerant and the first and second compressors 21 and 22 to receive the refrigerant compressed by the compressors 21 and 22. And a third heat exchanger 23 for exchanging heat with external air, an outdoor fan 24 forcibly blown by the third heat exchanger 23, and an outdoor fan motor 25 for rotating the outdoor fan 24.

실외기(20)는 제3열교환기(23)에서 전달된 냉매를 팽창시킴과 아울러 제3열교환기(23)에서 토출되는 냉매의 흐름을 조절하는 전자팽창밸브(26)와, 제1압축기 또는 제2압축기(21,22)에서 토출되는 냉매의 일부를 제1압축기 또는 제2압축기(21,22)의 흡입측으로 우회시키는 바이패스관(27)과, 바이패스관(27)에 설치된 바이패스밸브(28)와, 제1 및 제2열교환기(11,12)에서 토출된 냉매를 가스상태로 각 압축기(21,22)에 전달하기 위한 어큐물레이터(29)와, 각 열교환기(11,12)에서 제1 및 제2압축기(31,32)로 전송되는 냉매의 온도를 측정하는 토출온도센서(30)를 포함한다. The outdoor unit 20 expands the refrigerant transferred from the third heat exchanger 23 and controls the flow of the refrigerant discharged from the third heat exchanger 23, and the first compressor or the first compressor. Bypass valve 27 for bypassing a part of the refrigerant discharged from the two compressors 21 and 22 to the suction side of the first compressor or the second compressors 21 and 22, and a bypass valve provided in the bypass pipe 27. 28, an accumulator 29 for transferring the refrigerant discharged from the first and second heat exchangers 11 and 12 to each of the compressors 21 and 22 in a gaseous state, and each heat exchanger 11, 12, the discharge temperature sensor 30 for measuring the temperature of the refrigerant transmitted to the first and second compressors (31, 32).

제2압축기(22)는 제1압축기(21)에 비해 큰 압축용량을 가지도록 하고, 제1 및 제2압축기(21,22)의 토출측에는 제1 및 제2체크밸브(31,32)를 설치한다. 제1및 제2체크밸브(31,32)는 두 개의 압축기(21,22) 중 하나만 구동되다가 나머지 하나를 구동하려고 할 때 이미 구동되고 있는 압축기의 토출압력에 의해 나중에 구동하려 는 압축기의 기동불량이 발생하는 것을 방지하기 위함이다.The second compressor 22 has a larger compression capacity than the first compressor 21, and the first and second check valves 31 and 32 are disposed on the discharge side of the first and second compressors 21 and 22. Install. When the first and second check valves 31 and 32 are driven by only one of the two compressors 21 and 22 and then try to drive the other one, the compressor may not be started later due to the discharge pressure of the compressor which is already driven. This is to prevent this from happening.

토출온도센서(30)는 제1 및 제2열교환기 온도센서(17,18)와 함께 과열도 제어에 이용된다. 과열도는 열교환기의 배관온도와 열교환기 토출측의 온도와의 차이를 나타낸다. The discharge temperature sensor 30 is used to control the superheat degree together with the first and second heat exchanger temperature sensors 17 and 18. The superheat degree represents the difference between the piping temperature of the heat exchanger and the temperature of the heat exchanger discharge side.

과열도가 너무 낮으면 열교환기에 액냉매의 유입가능성이 높아지고, 과열도가 너무 높으면 압축기의 과열 및 효율저하를 초래하므로 과열도를 적절한 수준으로 유지하는 것이 시스템의 효율측면에서 중요하다. 따라서 제1 및 제2열교환기 온도센서(17,18)와 토출온도센서(30)와의 온도차이가 설정값(예를 들면 5?)과 같지 않으면 과열도가 적절하지 않으므로 전자팽창밸브(26)의 개도를 수정하여 과열도를 조절하는 것이 바람직하다.If the superheat is too low, the possibility of liquid refrigerant entering the heat exchanger is high, and if the superheat is too high, overheating and deterioration of the compressor are caused, so maintaining the superheat at an appropriate level is important in terms of efficiency of the system. Therefore, if the temperature difference between the first and second heat exchanger temperature sensors 17 and 18 and the discharge temperature sensor 30 is not equal to the set value (for example, 5?), The superheat is not appropriate, so the electromagnetic expansion valve 26 It is desirable to control the degree of superheat by modifying the opening degree of.

실내기(10)와 실외기(20)를 연결하는 배관에는 실외기(20)에 인접한 지점에 연결용 밸브(33)가 마련되어 실내기(10)와 실외기(20)의 배관을 연결하기 쉽도록 한다.In the pipe connecting the indoor unit 10 and the outdoor unit 20, a connection valve 33 is provided at a point adjacent to the outdoor unit 20 so as to easily connect the pipe of the indoor unit 10 and the outdoor unit 20.

도2 및 도3에 도시한 바와 같이 본 발명의 일실시예에 따른 공기 조화기의 실내기(10)는 본체(40)의 전면에 마련된 제1토출구(41)와, 본체(40)의 상부측면 양측에 마련되고, 크기가 제1토출구(41) 보다 큰 제2토출구(42)를 구비한다.2 and 3, the indoor unit 10 of the air conditioner according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a first discharge port 41 provided at the front of the main body 40, and an upper side surface of the main body 40. As shown in FIG. It is provided in both sides, and is provided with the 2nd discharge port 42 larger in size than the 1st discharge port 41. As shown in FIG.

본체내부의 상부에는 제1 및 제2열교환기(11,12)가 위치하는데, 제1 및 제2열교환기(11,12)는 동일한 설치플레이트(43)에 고정설치된다. 제1열교환기(11)와 제2열교환기(12)가 이웃하는 지점과 본체전면 사이에는 열교환된 공기의 유동을 통제하기 위한 제1댐퍼(44)가 마련되고, 제1열교환기(11)와 제2열교환기(12)가 이웃 하는 지점과 본체후면 사이에는 실내팬(13)에 의해 송풍되는 실내 공기의 유동을 통제하기 위한 제2댐퍼(52)가 마련된다. First and second heat exchangers 11 and 12 are positioned on an upper portion of the main body, and the first and second heat exchangers 11 and 12 are fixed to the same installation plate 43. A first damper 44 is provided between the point where the first heat exchanger 11 and the second heat exchanger 12 are adjacent and the front surface of the main body to control the flow of heat-exchanged air, and the first heat exchanger 11 is provided. And a second damper 52 for controlling the flow of indoor air blown by the indoor fan 13 between the neighboring point of the second heat exchanger 12 and the main body rear surface.

제1토출구(41)에는 제1토출구(41)를 개폐하기 위한 제1블레이드(45)가 설치되고, 제1블레이드(45)는 제1모터(47)의 회전에 의해 열림각이 조절된다. 또한, 제2토출구(42)에는 제2토출구(42)를 개폐하기 위한 제2블레이드(46)가 설치되고, 제2블레이드(46)는 제2모터(48)에 의해 열림각이 조절된다. A first blade 45 for opening and closing the first discharge port 41 is installed at the first discharge port 41, and the opening angle of the first blade 45 is adjusted by the rotation of the first motor 47. In addition, a second blade 46 for opening and closing the second discharge port 42 is installed at the second discharge port 42, and the opening angle of the second blade 46 is adjusted by the second motor 48.

제1토출구(41)의 하부에는 제어명령을 입력하기 위한 입력부(49)와, 공기 조화기의 작동상태를 표시하기 위한 표시부(50)가 마련되며, 본체(40)의 하부측면 양측에는 실내공기를 흡입하기 위한 흡입구(51)가 마련된다.An input unit 49 for inputting a control command and a display unit 50 for displaying an operating state of the air conditioner are provided below the first discharge port 41, and indoor air is provided on both sides of the lower side of the main body 40. A suction port 51 is provided for sucking the gas.

도4를 참조하여 도1에 도시한 공기 조화기의 동작을 설명한다. 사용자가 입력부(49)를 통해 운전종류(예를 들면 1단운전인지, 2단운전인지)를 입력하면 마이컴(미도시)은 입력된 운전종류를 판단한다.The operation of the air conditioner shown in FIG. 1 will be described with reference to FIG. When the user inputs an operation type (eg, 1st stage operation or 2nd stage operation) through the input unit 49, the microcomputer (not shown) determines the input operation type.

사용자가 1단운전을 입력하였다면 마이컴은 압축용량이 작은 제1압축기(21)에서만 냉매를 압축하도록 제1압축기(21)를 온 시키고 제2압축기(22)는 오프상태를 유지한다.If the user inputs the first stage operation, the microcomputer turns on the first compressor 21 to compress the refrigerant only in the first compressor 21 having a small compression capacity, and the second compressor 22 maintains the off state.

또한, 열교환기 밸브(16)는 폐쇄하여 냉매를 제1열교환기(11)에만 보내고 제1댐퍼(44) 및 제2댐퍼(52)를 폐쇄하여서 제1열교환기(11)에서만 열교환이 이루어지도록 한다. 이와 함께, 제1열교환기(11)에서 열교환된 공기는 제1토출구(41)로 토출되도록 제1모터(47)를 구동하여 제1토출구(41)를 개방하고 제2토출구(42)는 폐쇄한다. In addition, the heat exchanger valve 16 is closed so that the refrigerant is sent only to the first heat exchanger 11 and the first damper 44 and the second damper 52 are closed so that heat exchange is performed only in the first heat exchanger 11. do. In addition, the air heat-exchanged in the first heat exchanger 11 drives the first motor 47 to be discharged to the first discharge port 41 to open the first discharge port 41 and close the second discharge port 42. do.

본 실시예의 냉매유로에는 제1열교환기(11) 및 제2열교환기(12)에서 열교환이 수행되기에 적절한 양의 냉매가 들어있다. 따라서 제1압축기(21)만을 구동하고, 제1열교환기(11)에서만 열교환을 수행할 때는 냉매유로를 순환하는 냉매의 양이 너무 많으므로 바이패스밸브(28)를 열어 바이패스관(27)을 통해 제1압축기(21)에서 토출된 냉매의 일부를 우회시킨다.The refrigerant flow path of the present embodiment contains an amount of refrigerant suitable for performing heat exchange in the first heat exchanger 11 and the second heat exchanger 12. Therefore, when only the first compressor 21 is driven, and the heat exchange is performed only in the first heat exchanger 11, the amount of the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant passage is too large, so the bypass valve 28 is opened to open the bypass pipe 27. Bypassing a part of the refrigerant discharged from the first compressor 21 through.

위와 같이 각종 장치들을 세팅하여 1단운전을 수행하면, 도 5a와 같이, 제1댐퍼(44) 및 제2댐퍼(52)를 폐쇄하므로 흡입구(51)를 통해 흡입된 실내공기는 제1열교환기(11)에만 공급되며 아울러, 열교환기 밸브(16) 및 2토출구(42)가 폐쇄된 상태이므로 제1열교환기(11)에서만 열교환된 공기는 제1토출구(41)로 토출된다.When the first stage operation is performed by setting various devices as described above, as shown in FIG. 5A, since the first damper 44 and the second damper 52 are closed, the indoor air sucked through the suction port 51 may be the first heat exchanger. Since only the heat exchanger valve 16 and the second discharge port 42 are closed, the air heat-exchanged only in the first heat exchanger 11 is discharged to the first discharge port 41.

사용자가 2단운전을 입력하였다면 마이컴은 압축용량이 제1압축기(21) 보다 큰 제2압축기(22)에서만 냉매를 압축하도록 제2압축기(22)를 온 시키고 제1압축기(21)는 오프한다.If the user inputs the two-stage operation, the microcomputer turns on the second compressor 22 and turns off the first compressor 21 so that the refrigerant is compressed only in the second compressor 22 having a compression capacity larger than that of the first compressor 21. .

또한, 열교환기 밸브(16)를 개방하여 냉매를 제1 및 제2열교환기로 보내고 제1댐퍼(44) 및 제2댐퍼(52)를 개방하여 제 1 및 제2열교환기(11)(12)에서 모두 열교환이 이루어지도록 한다. 이와 함께 제1 및 제2열교환기(12)에서 열교환된 공기는 제2토출구(42)로만 토출되도록 제2모터(48)를 구동하여 제2토출구(42)를 개방하고 제1토출구(41)는 폐쇄한다. In addition, the heat exchanger valve 16 is opened to send the refrigerant to the first and second heat exchangers, and the first damper 44 and the second damper 52 are opened to open the first and second heat exchangers 11 and 12. Allow all heat exchange to take place. In addition, the air heat-exchanged in the first and second heat exchangers 12 drives the second motor 48 to be discharged only to the second discharge port 42 to open the second discharge port 42 and to open the first discharge port 41. Closes.

이처럼 각종 장치들을 세팅하여 2단운전을 수행하면, 도 5b와 같이, 흡입구(51)를 통해 흡입된 실내공기는 제1 및 제2열교환기(11,12)로 공급되어 열교환된 후 제1토출구(41)가 폐쇄된 상태이므로 제2토출구(42)로만 토출된다. When the two-stage operation is performed by setting the various devices as described above, as shown in FIG. Since 41 is closed, it is discharged only to the second discharge port 42.

이 때 제2압축기(22)의 압축용량이 제1압축기(21)의 압축용량 보다 크고, 제1 및 제2열교환기(11)(12)의 열교환능력을 전부 활용하며, 제2토출구(42)가 제1토출구(41) 보다 크므로 1단운전시보다 같은 시간에 많은 양의 냉기를 실내로 공급할 수 있게 된다. At this time, the compression capacity of the second compressor 22 is larger than the compression capacity of the first compressor 21, and utilizes all of the heat exchange capacity of the first and second heat exchangers 11 and 12, and the second discharge port 42. ) Is larger than the first discharge port 41, it is possible to supply a large amount of cold air into the room at the same time than in the first stage operation.

사용자가 고냉난방부하시의 운전인3단운전을 입력하였다면 마이컴은 공기 조화기가 저냉난방부하시의 운전인 1단운전 및 2단운전에 비해 높은 냉방능력을 가지도록 제1압축기(21) 및 제2압축기(22)를 온 시킨다.If the user inputs three-stage operation, which is the operation under high heating and cooling load, the microcomputer has the first compressor 21 and the first compressor so that the air conditioner has a higher cooling capacity than the one-stage operation and the two-stage operation which are the operation under low heating and cooling load. 2 Compressor 22 is turned on.

또한, 열교환기 밸브(16)를 개방하여 냉매를 제1 및 제2열교환기로 보내고 제1댐퍼(44) 및 제2댐퍼(52)를 개방하여 제 1 및 제2열교환기(11)(12)에서 모두 열교환이 이루어지도록 한다. 이와 함께 제1토출구(41) 및 제2토출구(42)에서 냉기가 토출되도록 제1모터(47) 및 제2모터(48)를 구동하여 제1토출구(41) 및 제2토출구(42)를 개방한다.In addition, the heat exchanger valve 16 is opened to send the refrigerant to the first and second heat exchangers, and the first damper 44 and the second damper 52 are opened to open the first and second heat exchangers 11 and 12. Allow all heat exchange to take place. In addition, the first discharge port 41 and the second discharge port 42 are driven by driving the first motor 47 and the second motor 48 to discharge cold air from the first discharge port 41 and the second discharge port 42. Open.

이처럼 각종 장치들을 세팅하여 3단운전을 수행하면, 도 5c와 같이, 흡입구(51)를 통해 흡입된 실내공기는 제1 및 제2열교환기(11,12)로 공급되고, 열교환된 냉기가 제1토출구 및 제2토출구(41,42)를 통해 토출된다.When the three-stage operation is performed by setting various devices as described above, as shown in FIG. 5C, the indoor air sucked through the inlet 51 is supplied to the first and second heat exchangers 11 and 12, and the heat-exchanged cold air is discharged. Discharges through the first discharge port and the second discharge ports 41 and 42.

3단운전은 제1압축기 및 제2압축기(21,22)와, 제1열교환기 및 제2열교환기(11,12)를 모두 사용하므로 냉방능력이 커서 고냉난방부하시에도 실내온도를 적절하게 조절할 수 있다.The three-stage operation uses both the first and second compressors 21 and 22, and the first and second heat exchangers 11 and 12, so that the cooling capacity is large. I can regulate it.

1단 내지 3단운전이 결정되면 마이컴은 실내팬(13)의 분당회전수 또는 전자팽창밸브(26)의 개도를 조절하여 실내온도를 조절한다. 예를 들어 사용자에 의해 3단운전이 입력되면 마이컴은 도4에 도시된 도표와 같이 장치들을 세팅하고 실내팬의 회전수를 크거나 작게 하여 토출풍량을 조절함으로써 실내온도를 조절할 수 있다. When the first stage to the third stage operation is determined, the microcomputer adjusts the room temperature by adjusting the revolutions per minute of the indoor fan 13 or the opening degree of the electromagnetic expansion valve 26. For example, when the three-stage operation is input by the user, the microcomputer may adjust the indoor temperature by setting the devices as shown in the diagram of FIG. 4 and adjusting the discharge air volume by increasing or decreasing the rotation speed of the indoor fan.

이상과 같이 본 발명에 따르면 요구하는 냉난방부하에 맞게 복수 압축기의 압축 능력과 복수 실내 열교환기의 열교환능력 그리고 냉기의 토출 위치와 토출량을 적절하게 조절함으로써 다양한 냉난방능력으로 운전할 수 있어 적절한 공기조화를 수행할 수 있는 냉난방부하의 범위가 확대된다. 또한, 변화하는 냉난방부하에 부합하는 냉난방능력으로 운전을 할 수 있어 불필요한 에너지의 낭비를 막을 수 있다.As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to operate with various cooling and heating capabilities by appropriately adjusting the compression capacity of the plurality of compressors, the heat exchange capacity of the plurality of indoor heat exchangers, and the discharge position and discharge amount of the cold air according to the required heating and cooling load, thereby performing proper air conditioning. The range of heating and cooling loads can be expanded. In addition, it is possible to operate with the cooling and heating capacity corresponding to the changing heating and cooling load can prevent unnecessary waste of energy.

Claims

A plurality of discharge ports;

A plurality of opening and closing devices for opening and closing the plurality of discharge ports;

A plurality of compressors connected in parallel;

A plurality of heat exchangers for heat exchange with indoor air; And

Air that is heat-exchanged by any one or more heat exchangers of the plurality of heat exchangers by driving one or more compressors of a plurality of compressors according to a cooling and heating load, and opening one or more discharge ports of the plurality of discharge ports associated with driving of the compressors. Multi-stage operating air conditioner comprising a control unit for discharging the indoors.

The air conditioner of claim 1, wherein the control unit operates by driving any one of the plurality of compressors during the low temperature heating load operation, opens only one of the plurality of discharge ports associated with the driven compressor, and the plurality of the plurality of compressors during the high temperature heating load operation. A multi-stage operating air conditioner, characterized by driving all of the compressors to operate and open all of the plurality of discharge ports associated with the compressor.

According to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the plurality of discharge ports are the first discharge port and the second discharge port larger than the first discharge port, the plurality of compressors are a first compressor and a second compressor having a larger capacity than the first compressor, The multi-stage heat exchanger is a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger having a heat exchange capacity greater than that of the first heat exchanger.

A first compressor for compressing the refrigerant;

A first discharge opening which is opened when the first compressor is driven;

A first opening and closing device for opening and closing the first discharge port;

A first heat exchanger configured to heat exchange when the first compressor is driven;

A second compressor having a larger compression capacity than the first compressor;

A second discharge opening that is opened when the second compressor is driven and has a size larger than that of the first discharge opening;

A second opening and closing device for opening and closing the second discharge port;

A second heat exchanger for exchanging heat during operation of the second compressor and having a heat exchange capacity greater than that of the first heat exchanger;

And a control unit for controlling the multi-stage operation having different cooling capacities by opening the first discharge port and the second discharge port in connection with the driving of the first and second compressors.

The method of claim 4, wherein the multi-stage operation includes a first stage operation of driving the first compressor, preventing the second compressor from being driven, opening the first discharge port and closing the second discharge port, and the second compressor. Driving, preventing driving of the first compressor, opening the second discharge port, closing the first discharge port, driving the first compressor and the second compressor, and driving the first discharge port and the second discharge port. A multistage operating air conditioner, comprising three stages of opening.

The air conditioner of claim 5, wherein the air conditioner is closed in the two-stage operation and the three-stage operation, and in the first-stage operation, a bypass pipe for bypassing the discharge refrigerant of the first compressor to the suction side of the first compressor; And a bypass valve installed on the bypass pipe.

5. The multistage operating air conditioner of claim 4, wherein the first heat exchanger is installed adjacent to the first discharge port, and the second heat exchanger is installed adjacent to the second discharge port.

The air conditioner of claim 7, wherein the air conditioner comprises a heat exchanger valve installed at a refrigerant pipe connected between an inlet of the first heat exchanger and an inlet of the second heat exchanger to regulate a flow of refrigerant supplied to the second heat exchanger. Multistage driving air conditioner, characterized in that it further comprises.

The method of claim 8, wherein the control unit closes the heat exchanger valve to operate the refrigerant only in the first heat exchanger in the first stage operation, and opens the heat exchanger valve in the first and second stages to open the heat exchanger valve. A multi-stage operating air conditioner, wherein both refrigerants flow through the second heat exchanger.

8. The method of claim 7, further comprising a first damper and a second damper respectively installed on one side and the other side of the first and second heat exchangers, the first and second dampers are the A multistage operating air conditioner, characterized in that each flow is controlled.

The method of claim 10, wherein the first damper is installed between the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger adjacent to the front surface of the main body, the second damper is the point where the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger neighbors. Multistage operating air conditioner, characterized in that installed between the rear of the body.

The method of claim 10, wherein the control unit closes the first damper and the second damper in the first stage of operation, and the first damper and the second damper in the case of two-stage operation and three-stage operation, characterized in that for opening Air conditioner.