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KR101052901B1 - Manufacturing method of optical fiber grating - Google Patents

Manufacturing method of optical fiber grating Download PDF

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KR101052901B1
KR101052901B1 KR1020090132199A KR20090132199A KR101052901B1 KR 101052901 B1 KR101052901 B1 KR 101052901B1 KR 1020090132199 A KR1020090132199 A KR 1020090132199A KR 20090132199 A KR20090132199 A KR 20090132199A KR 101052901 B1 KR101052901 B1 KR 101052901B1
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optical fiber
light
grating
mask
clad
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KR1020090132199A
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Korean (ko)
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KR20110075682A (en
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임기건
백세종
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전남대학교산학협력단
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/02057Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating comprising gratings
    • G02B6/02076Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings
    • G02B6/02123Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by the method of manufacture of the grating
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/18Diffraction gratings
    • G02B5/1847Manufacturing methods
    • G02B5/1857Manufacturing methods using exposure or etching means, e.g. holography, photolithography, exposure to electron or ion beams
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/02057Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating comprising gratings
    • G02B6/02076Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings
    • G02B6/0208Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by their structure, wavelength response
    • G02B6/021Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by their structure, wavelength response characterised by the core or cladding or coating, e.g. materials, radial refractive index profiles, cladding shape

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)
  • Diffracting Gratings Or Hologram Optical Elements (AREA)

Abstract

본 발명은 광을 조사하는 광원부와 광섬유 사이에 광을 선택적으로 투과시키는 마스크를 이용하여 광섬유 격자를 제조하는 방법에 관한 것으로서, 광섬유의 코어를 감싸는 클래드의 외주면 중 광원부로부터 마스크를 통해 조사될 광의 조사영역에 직접 노출되는 표면 영역을 벗어난 클래드의 외주면에 클래드 내부를 통해 진행되는 광을 반사시킬 수 있게 반사물질로 코팅하는 단계와, 반사물질이 코팅된 광섬유에 광원부로부터 마스크를 통해 광을 조사하여 격자를 형성하는 단계를 포함한다. 이러한 광섬유 격자의 제조 방법에 의하면, 격자 형성을 위해 조사되는 광의 진행방향에 대해 음영영역이 되는 코어 영역으로 입사된 광을 반사시켜 반응할 수 있도록 클래드에 반사코팅층을 형성하여 격자를 형성함으로써 격자의 원주방향에 대한 굴절율의 균일성을 향상시킬 수 있다.The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an optical fiber grating using a mask for selectively transmitting light between a light source unit for irradiating light and an optical fiber, the irradiation of light to be irradiated through the mask from the light source unit of the outer peripheral surface of the cladding surrounding the core of the optical fiber Coating a reflective material to reflect light traveling through the clad on the outer circumferential surface of the clad beyond the surface area directly exposed to the area; and irradiating light through the mask from the light source to the reflective material coated optical fiber Forming a step. According to the manufacturing method of such an optical fiber grating, a grating is formed by forming a grating by forming a reflective coating layer on the clad so that the incident light can be reacted by reflecting the light incident to the core area, which becomes a shaded area, for the grating formation direction. The uniformity of the refractive index with respect to the circumferential direction can be improved.

광섬유 격자, 마스크, 반사코팅 Fiber Grating, Mask, Reflective Coating

Description

광섬유 격자의 제조방법{method of manufacturing fibergratings}Method of manufacturing fibergratings

본 발명은 광섬유 격자의 제조방법에 관한 것으로서, 상세하게는 광섬유에 새겨지는 격자의 원주방향에 대한 굴절율의 균일성을 높일 수 있는 광섬유 격자의 제조방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an optical fiber grating, and more particularly, to a method for manufacturing an optical fiber grating capable of increasing the uniformity of refractive index in the circumferential direction of the grating inscribed in the optical fiber.

광섬유는 코어와 코어를 감싸는 클래드로 이루어져 광신호를 전송하는 용도로 사용되고 있다.The optical fiber consists of a core and a cladding surrounding the core, and is used for transmitting an optical signal.

이러한 광섬유의 코어를 통해 전달되는 광에 대해서 특정 파장의 광을 선택적으로 반사하거나 통과시킬 수 있도록 광섬유의 코어에 선택적으로 굴절율이 다르게 형성시킨 것을 광섬유 격자라 한다. 이러한 광섬유 격자는 광통신 분야에서 대역 통과/제거 광필터, 그 밖의 센서용 등 다양한 용도로 사용되고 있다.The optical fiber grating is formed to selectively change the refractive index of the core of the optical fiber to selectively reflect or pass light having a specific wavelength with respect to the light transmitted through the core of the optical fiber. Such optical fiber gratings are used in various applications such as band pass / reject optical filters and other sensors in the optical communication field.

광섬유 격자는 통상적으로 자외선 광원과 광섬유 사이에 광을 선택적으로 투과시키는 패턴이 형성된 마스크를 이용하여 제조되는데, 이 경우 광섬유의 한쪽면으로만 광이 직접 조사되기 때문에 광원에 가까운 광섬유의 코어와 광원으로부터 먼 광섬유의 코어의 굴절율 변화량이 달라지는 문제점이 있다.Optical fiber gratings are typically manufactured using a mask with a pattern that selectively transmits light between an ultraviolet light source and an optical fiber. In this case, since light is directed directly to only one side of the optical fiber, the optical fiber grating is separated from the core and the light source near the light source. There is a problem that the amount of change in the refractive index of the core of the far optical fiber is different.

광섬유 격자에서 원주방향에 따라 굴절율의 변화가 커지면 복굴절 현상을 야 기시키고, 특히 대구경 광섬유에 대해 격자를 새기는 경우 이러한 굴절율의 편차는 더욱 심각해 진다.The larger the change in refractive index along the circumferential direction in the optical fiber grating, the more the birefringence phenomenon occurs. In particular, when the grating is engrave for a large diameter fiber, the variation of the refractive index becomes more serious.

이러한 문제점을 개선하기 위하여 국내 공개특허 제2001-0088765호에는 광섬유를 두 개의 모터를 이용하여 회전시키면서 광섬유에 격자를 새기는 방식이 개시되어 있으나, 동력을 이용해야 하기 때문에 구조가 복잡해지고, 광섬유의 회전시 회전방향에 대한 편심이 발생되는 경우 격자 형성위치가 어긋날 수 있는 문제점이 있다.In order to improve this problem, Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2001-0088765 discloses a method of carving a grating on an optical fiber while rotating the optical fiber by using two motors, but the structure becomes complicated because power must be used, and the rotation of the optical fiber is performed. When the eccentricity with respect to the rotational direction occurs when there is a problem that the lattice formation position can be shifted.

본 발명은 상기와 같은 문제점을 개선하기 위하여 창안된 것으로서, 광섬유를 회전시키지 않으면서도 형성되는 격자의 원주 둘레 방향에 대한 굴절율 편차를 감소시킬 수 있는 광섬유 격자의 제조방법을 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다.The present invention was devised to improve the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a method of manufacturing an optical fiber grating capable of reducing the variation in refractive index in the circumferential direction of the grating formed without rotating the optical fiber.

상기의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 본 발명에 따른 광섬유 격자의 제조방법은 광을 조사하는 광원부와 광섬유 사이에 광을 선택적으로 투과시키는 마스크를 이용하여 광섬유 격자를 제조하는 방법에 있어서, 가. 상기 광섬유의 코어를 감싸는 클래드의 외주면 중 상기 광원부로부터 상기 마스크를 통해 조사될 광의 조사영역에 직접 노출되는 표면 영역을 벗어난 상기 클래드의 외주면에 상기 클래드 내부를 통해 진행되는 광을 반사시킬 수 있게 반사물질로 코팅하는 단계와; 나. 상기 광원부로부터 상기 마스크를 통해 광을 조사하여 상기 광섬유에 격자를 형성하는 단계;를 포함한다.In order to achieve the above object, a method of manufacturing an optical fiber grating according to the present invention is a method of manufacturing an optical fiber grating using a mask for selectively transmitting light between a light source unit for irradiating light and an optical fiber, a. Reflecting material to reflect light propagating through the clad to the outer peripheral surface of the clad outside the surface area directly exposed to the irradiation area of the light to be irradiated through the mask from the light source portion of the outer peripheral surface of the clad surrounding the core of the optical fiber Coating with; I. Irradiating light from the light source through the mask to form a grating on the optical fiber.

상기 가 단계에서 상기 클래드에 코팅되는 반사물질은 상기 나 단계 이후에 제거하는 것이 바람직하다.The reflective material coated on the clad in the step is preferably removed after the step (b).

본 발명에 따른 광섬유 격자의 제조방법에 의하면, 격자 형성을 위해 조사되는 광의 진행방향에 대해 음영영역이 되는 코어 영역으로 입사된 광을 반사시켜 반응할 수 있도록 클래드에 반사코팅층을 형성하여 격자를 형성함으로써 격자의 원주 방향에 대한 굴절율의 균일성을 향상시킬 수 있다.According to the method of manufacturing an optical fiber grating according to the present invention, a grating is formed by forming a reflective coating layer on the clad so that the incident light can be reacted by reflecting light incident to a core area that becomes a shaded area with respect to the traveling direction of light irradiated for forming the grating. As a result, the uniformity of the refractive index with respect to the circumferential direction of the grating can be improved.

이하, 첨부된 도면을 참조하면서 본 발명의 바람직한 실시 예에 따른 광섬유 격자 제조방법을 더욱 상세하게 설명한다.Hereinafter, a method of manufacturing an optical fiber grating according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in more detail.

도 1은 본 발명에 따른 광섬유 격자 제조과정을 설명하기 위한 도면이고, 도 2는 도 1의 광섬유의 횡단면을 나타내 보인 도면이다.1 is a view for explaining a fiber grating manufacturing process according to the present invention, Figure 2 is a view showing a cross section of the optical fiber of FIG.

도 1 및 도 2를 참조하면, 광원부(10), 마스크(20) 및 광섬유(30)가 광조사방향에 대해 순차적으로 배치되어 있다.1 and 2, the light source unit 10, the mask 20, and the optical fiber 30 are sequentially arranged in the light irradiation direction.

광원부(10)는 광섬유(30)에 조사되어 굴절율 변화를 야기시킬 수 있는 자외선 광원이 적용된다.The light source unit 10 is applied to an ultraviolet light source that can be irradiated to the optical fiber 30 to cause a change in refractive index.

또한, 광원부(10)는 적용되는 자외선 광원에서 출사되는 광빔을 격자형성 영역 범위 내로 집속 또는 평행화하기 위한 렌즈가 더 구비될 수 있다.In addition, the light source unit 10 may be further provided with a lens for focusing or parallelizing the light beam emitted from the applied ultraviolet light source within the grid forming area range.

마스크(20)는 광원부(10)에서 출사되는 광에 대해 격자 형성 영역에 대응되게 선택적으로 광을 투과시킬 수 있게 되어 있다.The mask 20 may selectively transmit light to the light emitted from the light source unit 10 corresponding to the grating formation region.

광섬유(30)는 코어(31)와 코어를 감싸는 클래드(32)로 되어 있고, 광원부(10)로부터 마스크(20)를 통해 조사될 광의 조사영역에 직접 노출되는 표면 영역을 벗어난 클래드(32)의 외주면에 클래드(32) 내부를 통해 진행되는 광을 반사시킬 수 있게 반사물질로 코팅된 반사코팅층(35)이 형성되어 있다.The optical fiber 30 is composed of a core 31 and a cladding 32 surrounding the core, and out of the surface area directly exposed to the irradiation area of the light to be irradiated from the light source unit 10 through the mask 20. A reflective coating layer 35 coated with a reflective material is formed on an outer circumferential surface to reflect light traveling through the clad 32.

광섬유(30)의 코어(31)는 통상적으로 게르마늄이 도핑된 실리카 유리로 된 것을 적용한다.The core 31 of the optical fiber 30 is conventionally made of silica glass doped with germanium.

여기서 반사 코팅층(35)은 클래드(32)의 원주길이를 D라 할 때 D/4 이상 D/2 이하로 형성하는 것이 바람직하다.Here, the reflective coating layer 35 is preferably formed to be D / 4 or more and D / 2 or less when the circumferential length of the cladding 32 is D.

또한, 반사코팅층(35)은 반사율이 높은 소재 예를 들면, 니켈, 은, 알루미늄 등으로 형성하면 된다.The reflective coating layer 35 may be formed of a material having high reflectance, for example, nickel, silver, aluminum, or the like.

이렇게 반사코팅층(35)이 형성된 광섬유는 도 1에 도시된 바와 같이 광원부(10)에서 출사되는 광의 진행방향에 대해 반사 코팅층(35)이 가장 멀리위치되도록 배치시킨 상태에서 광원부(10)로부터 광을 조사하여 격자를 형성하면 된다.As shown in FIG. 1, the optical fiber on which the reflective coating layer 35 is formed receives light from the light source unit 10 in a state in which the reflective coating layer 35 is disposed farthest with respect to the traveling direction of the light emitted from the light source unit 10. Irradiation may be performed to form a lattice.

이 경우 도 2에 도시된 바와 같이, 광원부(10)에서 출사되어 마스크(20)를 통과한 후 광섬유(30)의 마스크(20)와 대향되는 광섬유(30)의 클래드(32) 표면을 통해 진입된 광 중 일부는 반사 코팅층(35)에 의해 반사되어 광진행방향에 대해 음영역이 되는 코어(31)의 배면에 조사됨으로써 코어(31)의 배면에 조사되는 광량이 증가되어 코어(31)의 원주방향에 대한 굴절율 편차가 줄어들게 된다.In this case, as shown in FIG. 2, after exiting from the light source unit 10 and passing through the mask 20, the light enters through the surface of the clad 32 of the optical fiber 30 facing the mask 20 of the optical fiber 30. Some of the light is reflected by the reflective coating layer 35 and irradiated to the back surface of the core 31 which becomes a negative region with respect to the light traveling direction, thereby increasing the amount of light irradiated to the back surface of the core 31 so that The refractive index deviation with respect to the circumferential direction is reduced.

한편, 광조사과정을 거쳐 격자를 형성한 이후에는 광섬유(30)의 반사코팅층(35)을 제거시키는 것이 바람직하다.On the other hand, after forming the grating through the light irradiation process, it is preferable to remove the reflective coating layer 35 of the optical fiber 30.

도 1은 본 발명에 따른 광섬유 격자 제조과정을 설명하기 위한 도면이고,1 is a view for explaining a fiber grating manufacturing process according to the present invention,

도 2는 도 1의 광섬유의 횡단면을 나타내 보인 도면이다.2 is a cross-sectional view of the optical fiber of FIG.

Claims (2)

광을 조사하는 광원부와 광섬유 사이에 광을 선택적으로 투과시키는 마스크를 이용하여 광섬유 격자를 제조하는 방법에 있어서,In the method of manufacturing an optical fiber grating using a mask for selectively transmitting light between the light source unit for irradiating light and the optical fiber, 가. 상기 광섬유의 코어를 감싸는 클래드의 외주면 중 상기 광원부로부터 상기 마스크를 통해 조사될 광의 조사영역에 직접 노출되는 표면 영역을 벗어난 상기 클래드의 외주면에 상기 클래드 내부를 통해 진행되는 광을 반사시킬 수 있게 반사물질로 코팅하는 단계와;end. Reflecting material to reflect light propagating through the clad to the outer peripheral surface of the clad outside the surface area directly exposed to the irradiation area of the light to be irradiated through the mask from the light source portion of the outer peripheral surface of the clad surrounding the core of the optical fiber Coating with; 나. 상기 광원부로부터 상기 마스크를 통해 광을 조사하여 상기 광섬유에 격자를 형성하는 단계;를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 광섬유 격자의 제조 방법.I. Irradiating light from the light source through the mask to form a grating on the optical fiber. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 가 단계에서 상기 클래드에 코팅되는 반사물질은 상기 나 단계 이후에 제거하는 것을 특징으로 하는 광섬유 격자의 제조방법.The method of claim 1, wherein the reflecting material coated on the clad in the step of removing is after the step (b).
KR1020090132199A 2009-12-28 2009-12-28 Manufacturing method of optical fiber grating KR101052901B1 (en)

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KR20010009101A (en) * 1999-07-07 2001-02-05 윤종용 Apparatus and method for fabricating fiber grating
US6442312B1 (en) 1997-07-08 2002-08-27 Oki Electric Industry Co., Ltd. Optical filter fabrication method and apparatus, optical filter, fiber holder with spiral groove, and phase mask
US6442305B1 (en) 1999-12-21 2002-08-27 Sabeus Photonics, Inc. Method for altering the refractive index of optical fibers using stress
JP2005031358A (en) 2003-07-11 2005-02-03 Fujikura Ltd Method for manufacturing optical fiber grating

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US6442312B1 (en) 1997-07-08 2002-08-27 Oki Electric Industry Co., Ltd. Optical filter fabrication method and apparatus, optical filter, fiber holder with spiral groove, and phase mask
KR20010009101A (en) * 1999-07-07 2001-02-05 윤종용 Apparatus and method for fabricating fiber grating
US6442305B1 (en) 1999-12-21 2002-08-27 Sabeus Photonics, Inc. Method for altering the refractive index of optical fibers using stress
JP2005031358A (en) 2003-07-11 2005-02-03 Fujikura Ltd Method for manufacturing optical fiber grating

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