KR101018379B1 - External combustion engine and output method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a hermetic external combustion engine using a temperature difference of a working fluid, and an object thereof is to provide a hermetic external combustion engine using a temperature difference of a working fluid capable of realizing a large amount of power generation using external heat energy of medium and low temperature. .

The present invention includes the step of introducing the working fluid toward the first cylinder provided in the cylinder head portion of the circulation pipe circulating the heat source medium from the external heat source supply (S1); During the step (S1), closing the first cylinder before the piston of the first cylinder descending by the inflow of the working fluid reaches the bottom dead center to lower the piston by using the expansion power of the working fluid (S2); After the step (S2), the step of discharging the working fluid by the piston rising through the bottom dead center (S3); And a step of introducing a working fluid discharged from the first cylinder toward a second cylinder provided in the cylinder head in a circulation pipe through which the refrigerant circulates from an external refrigerant supply device (S4). After the step (S4), the piston of the second cylinder reaches the bottom dead center and at the same time closing the second cylinder to raise the piston by using the contraction power of the working fluid (S5); After the step (S5), the step of discharging the working fluid toward the other first cylinder by the rising piston (S6); passing through the plurality of first cylinder and the second cylinder alternately of the working fluid forming a closed circulation path The technical gist of the hermetic external combustion engine using the temperature difference of the working fluid which transmits the expansion power and the contraction power to the drive shaft, and its output method.

Hermetic, external combustion engine, temperature difference, static process, isothermal process

Description

External combustion engine and output method using temperature difference of working fluid

The present invention relates to an enclosed external combustion engine using a temperature difference, and more particularly, to an enclosed external combustion engine using an output by expansion and contraction operation of a working fluid circulating alternately between a high temperature chamber and a low temperature chamber, and an output of such an enclosed external combustion engine. It is about a method.

An external combustion engine refers to an engine in which heat generated by external combustion separated from the working fluid is transferred to the working fluid, unlike an internal combustion engine in which the working fluid is mixed with fuel and combusted.

In recent years, such an external combustion engine has been increasing in interest in the discovery of new energy sources, and the interest is increasing again because of compatibility with these new energy sources.

As described above, an organic Rankine cycle is known among systems for converting thermal energy at relatively low temperatures into axial power as compared to an internal combustion engine using a high temperature working fluid by explosion combustion of the working fluid.

These organic Rankine cycles are interconnected independent devices such as circulation pumps, turbines, condensers and evaporators. The working fluid is evaporated in the evaporator and then expands in the turbine to generate axial power, which is then liquefied again in the condenser. It consists of a closed cycle that is fed back to the evaporator.

However, the system using such an organic Rankine cycle requires a complicated configuration of the device, a problem in which a large amount of organic heat medium is required, and precise control of each device, and in particular, the system is not easily started and stopped.

For this reason, it can be seen that the system using the organic Rankine cycle is mainly applied to the large-scale power generation system.

On the other hand, in contrast to the organic Rankine cycle, in the case of a stirling engine in which a stirling cycle is applied, each component constituting the power cycle is assembled into one engine, and the device is simple because it uses a gas such as air as a working fluid. There is an advantage of easy operation for starting and stopping the system. In addition, such a stirling engine has an advantage that energy can be converted with high efficiency compared to an organic Rankine cycle.

However, such a stirling engine has the advantage of taking a simple structure in which each component is assembled in one engine. However, when the temperature of the external heat source that heats the head of the engine decreases, the temperature of the working fluid in the high temperature chamber decreases. In addition, the temperature decreases proportionally with the temperature difference of the low temperature chamber. As a result, the power generation amount of the entire engine is gradually reduced or the power generation is stopped.

Due to these shortcomings, in spite of the advantage of having the best thermal efficiency in the power cycle in the conventional stirling engine, it is proposed to be used in various industrial fields only as it is limited to a structurally simple and compact device.

Therefore, the present invention is to solve the conventional problems as described above, the purpose of the sealed external combustion engine using the temperature difference of the working fluid that can realize the large-capacity power generation using the low-temperature heat energy based on the Stirling cycle and its It provides an output method.

In addition, a plurality of high temperature chambers having a heat source supply device and a heating means and a low temperature chamber including a refrigerant supply device and a cooling means are provided in alternating numbers, and the engine design can be flexibly designed according to the purpose of use in response to various conditions of the external heat source. The present invention provides a closed type external combustion engine and a method of outputting the same using a temperature difference of a working fluid that can be changed and implemented.

In addition, as an external heat source, it is possible to increase the utilization of new energy sources, such as sunlight, waste heat, and deep geothermal heat, and to use a sealed type using a temperature difference of a working fluid that can increase recycling of waste heat discharged from a low temperature chamber. An external combustion engine and its output method are provided.

The present invention for achieving the above-described problems and to eliminate the conventional drawback is the step of introducing the working fluid toward the first cylinder provided with a cylinder head portion circulating pipe circulating the heat source medium from the external heat source supply device (S1 );

During the step (S1), closing the first cylinder before the piston of the first cylinder descending by the inflow of the working fluid reaches the bottom dead center to lower the piston by using the expansion power of the working fluid (S2);

After the step (S2), the step of discharging the working fluid by the piston rising through the bottom dead center (S3); And

A step (S4) of introducing a working fluid discharged from the first cylinder toward a second cylinder provided in a cylinder head portion of a circulation pipe through which a refrigerant circulates from an external refrigerant supply device;

After the step (S4), the piston of the second cylinder reaches the bottom dead center and at the same time closing the second cylinder to raise the piston by using the contraction power of the working fluid (S5);

After the step (S5), the step of discharging the working fluid toward the other first cylinder by the rising piston (S6); passing through the plurality of first cylinder and the second cylinder alternately of the working fluid forming a closed circulation path Characterized in that the expansion and contraction power to be transmitted to the drive shaft.

From the above means, the present invention has a multi-cylinder engine that sequentially cycles the expansion power of the first cylinder and the contraction power of the second cylinder, and can realize a large-scale engine output from an external energy source of medium and low temperatures. It is an expected invention that can increase its utilization.

In addition, the present invention is expected to increase the use of new energy sources, such as sunlight, waste heat, deep geothermal heat, etc. recently received as an external heat source, waste heat discharged despite the separate power consumption due to the heat source supply device and cooling supply device Can be recycled and used again to improve the energy efficiency of the entire organization.

In addition, in the case of a closed type external combustion engine using the present invention and the temperature difference between the working medium such as water and air, it is possible not only to use the discharge energy usefully but also to greatly reduce the environmental pollution from the harmless discharge energy.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 shows a conceptual diagram of an engine according to the present invention, wherein the engine according to the present invention includes a first cylinder 10 and an engine 1 paired with a second cylinder 20. In addition, the first cylinder 10 includes an external heat source supply device 100, and the second cylinder 20 includes an external refrigerant supply device 200.

The first cylinder 10 and the second cylinder 20 are each provided with a piston (11) (21) for transmitting the power generated by the internal working fluid to the drive shaft (crankshaft).

That is, the first cylinder 10 corresponds to a high temperature chamber in which the temperature of the working fluid is increased by the heat source provided through the external heat source supply device 100, while the second cylinder 20 corresponds to the external refrigerant supply device ( Corresponding to the low temperature chamber in which the temperature of the working fluid is lowered by the refrigerant provided through 200).

Thus, a plurality of engines 1 having a pair of the first cylinder 10 corresponding to the high temperature chamber and the second cylinder 20 corresponding to the low temperature chamber are arranged to extend. That is, a plurality of first cylinder 10 of the high temperature chamber and the second cylinder 20 of the low temperature chamber are alternately arranged, so that the working fluid alternates the high temperature chamber and the low temperature chamber in order to form a closed circulation path.

At this time, the first cylinder 10 and the second cylinder 20 are respectively formed inlet 10a, 20a and exhaust port 10b, 20b of the working fluid, respectively, the inlet 10a of the first cylinder (10) Is connected to the exhaust port 20b of the other second cylinder 20, and the working fluid that has been cooled down is introduced into the inside, and the exhaust port 10b of the first cylinder 10 is again connected to the other second cylinder ( It is connected to the inlet 20a of the 20, and discharges the working fluid that has been heated to the second cylinder (20).

That is, the working fluid moves the engine (1) (1-n) arranged in a plurality of alternating the first cylinder 10 and the second cylinder 20 in order to form a closed circulation alternately between the high temperature chamber and the low temperature chamber.

Thus, the inlet port 10a of the first cylinder 10 and the exhaust port 20b of the second cylinder 20 or the exhaust port 10b of the first cylinder 10 and the inlet port 20a of the second cylinder 20 are respectively. The operating fluid moving pipe 30 to be connected is configured with an on-off valve 31.

As the working fluid circulating the engine according to the present invention, air, helium, hydrogen, or the like may be used.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 2, the external heat source supply device 100 is a circulation system penetrating the inside of the first cylinder 10, and usually includes heating means 101 for heating the heat source medium; A circulation pipe 102 for supplying the heat source medium heated by the heating means 101 to the cylinder head portion of the first cylinder 10 and having a closed circulation path; It is configured to include a circulation pump 103 installed on the circulation pipe 102 to circulate the heat source medium.

The heating means 101 by the external heat source supply device 100 can be easily obtained from renewable energy sources such as solar heat, waste heat, deep geothermal heat, etc., wherein the heat source medium along the circulation pipe 102 is water, air (steam) ) And the like.

Similarly, as shown in FIG. 2, the external refrigerant supply device 200 is a circulation system penetrating the inside of the second cylinder 20, and usually includes cooling means 201 for cooling the refrigerant; A circulation pipe 202 for supplying the refrigerant cooled by the cooling means 201 to the cylinder head portion of the second cylinder 20 and having a closed circulation path; It is provided on the circulation pipe 202 and comprises a circulation pump 203 for circulating the refrigerant. At this time, the refrigerant used is made of water.

The circulation pipes 102 and 202 passing through the first cylinder 10 and the second cylinder 20 may be integrally formed in each cylinder head portion, or may be disposed through each cylinder head. Preferably, the circulation pipes 102 and 202 passing through the first and second cylinders 10 and 20 respectively include electrothermal increasing means 1021 and 2021, respectively. The heat transfer increasing means (1021, 2021) is to increase the thermal contact area of the heat source or the refrigerant along the circulation pipe (102, 202) and the working fluid in each cylinder 10, 20, circulation pipe It may be implemented as a heat transfer pin or heat transfer plate attached to the outer periphery of the (102) (202).

Through the external heat source supply device 100 and the external refrigerant supply device 200, the heat source and the refrigerant circulating through the first cylinder 10 and the second cylinder 20, respectively, to implement a continuous circulation process during operation of the engine. do.

At this time, the external heat source supply device 100 and the external refrigerant supply device 200 provided in each of these cylinders are preferably installed in each cylinder in order to prevent the thermal resistance of the working fluid passing through the cylinder of the high temperature room or the low temperature room. However, sometimes it may be intermittently installed in the selected cylinder.

3 to 8 show the operating state of the engine according to the invention.

First, Figures 3 to 5 show the operational state of each high-temperature chamber through the first cylinder 10 of the engine 1 according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 3, the working fluid is introduced from the low temperature chamber (not shown in the second cylinder) through the inlet port 10a opened while the piston 11 is located at the top dead center, and the piston 11 is lowered. do. At this time, the exhaust port 10b is in a closed state. In addition, the temperature of the working fluid introduced therein is increased through the heat transfer increasing means 1021 of the circulation pipe 102 disposed in the cylinder head portion. (S1: Working fluid suction stage)

Then, as shown in Figure 4, before the piston 11 reaches the bottom dead center in the working fluid suction step (S1), the inlet port (10a) is closed, and the expansion power of the working fluid at elevated temperature Piston 11 is reached to the bottom dead center by using. (S2: Expansion output stage)

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 5, after the expansion output step S2, the piston 11 reaches the bottom dead center and simultaneously the exhaust port 10b is opened to discharge the working fluid. Will rise to the point. (S3: Working fluid exhaust stage)

After the working fluid exhaust step S3 is completed, i.e., upon reaching the top dead center of the piston 11, the inlet port 10a is opened again, the exhaust port 10b is closed, and the low temperature chamber is advanced with the lowering of the piston 11; The above-described one stroke for introducing the working fluid from the second cylinder (not shown) is repeated.

6 to 8 show the operational state of each of the low temperature chambers through the second cylinder 20 of the engine 1 according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 6, the working fluid is introduced from a high temperature chamber (not shown in the first cylinder) through the inlet 20a opened while the piston 21 is located at the top dead center, and the piston 21 is Lower to bottom dead center. At this time, the exhaust port 20b is in a closed state. In addition, the temperature of the working fluid introduced therein is lowered through the heat transfer increasing means 2021 of the circulation pipe 202 disposed in the cylinder head. (S4: Working fluid suction stage)

Then, as shown in Figure 7, in the working fluid suction step (S4) the piston 21 reaches the bottom dead center and at the same time closes the inlet port (20a), the shrinkage power of the working fluid is lowered temperature To raise the piston 21. (S5: Shrink Output Step)

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 8, after the contraction output step S5, the exhaust port 20b is opened to discharge the working fluid, and the piston 21 rises to the top dead center. (S6: Working fluid exhaust stage)

After the working fluid evacuation step S6 is completed, that is, at the same time as the top dead center of the piston 21 is reached, the inlet port 20a is opened again, and the exhaust port 20b is closed, thus leading to the lowering of the piston 21. The above-described one stroke for introducing the working fluid from the greenhouse (not shown first cylinder) is repeated.

9 shows the interlocking operation state of the engine 1 in which the first cylinder 10 and the second cylinder 20 are paired as described above.

(a) Referring to the drawing, the working fluid in the second cylinder 20 maintained in the closed state by the closed on / off valve implements a contraction output step S5 in which a predetermined volume decreases as the temperature decreases. In this way, power is transmitted toward a driving shaft (not shown) connected to the piston 21. In this case, the first cylinder 10 implements the working fluid suction step S1 for introducing the working fluid from the low temperature chamber (the second cylinder not shown) from the inlet 10a. Through the lowering force of the piston 11 of the first cylinder 10 in conjunction with the lifting force of the piston 21 by the contraction driving of the second cylinder 20 to implement a rapid suction action of the working fluid.

That is, the drawing (a) shows the starting point of the working fluid inflow step S1 of the first cylinder 10 and the starting point of the contraction output step S5 of the second cylinder 20.

Subsequently, referring to (b) the drawing, the first cylinder 10 continues to suck the working fluid through the piston 11 which is continuously lowered by the contraction driving of the second cylinder 20 as described above. The two cylinders 20 discharge the working fluid toward the rear of the high temperature chamber (not shown in the first cylinder) through the exhaust port 20b opened through the piston 21 which continues to rise after the contraction driving.

That is, the drawing (b) shows the end point of the working fluid inflow step S1 of the first cylinder 10 and the time of the working fluid exhaust step S6 of the second cylinder 20.

Subsequently, referring to (c) the drawing, the working fluid in the first cylinder 10 in which the inlet 10a is closed by closing the inlet port 10a during the lowering movement of the first cylinder 10 side piston 11 is maintained at a temperature. The expansion output step (S2) to increase the predetermined volume according to the rise is implemented, thereby transmitting power toward a drive shaft (not shown) connected to the piston (11). At this time, the second cylinder 20 continues to discharge the working fluid toward the high temperature chamber (not shown first cylinder) at the rear through the open exhaust port (20b). Through the lifting force of the piston 21 of the second cylinder 20 in conjunction with the lowering force of the piston 11 by the expansion drive of the first cylinder 10 to implement a quick exhaust action of the working fluid.

That is, the drawing (c) shows the starting point of the expansion output step S2 of the first cylinder 10 and the end point of the operating fluid exhaust step S6 of the second cylinder 20.

Thereafter, referring to the drawing (d), after the expansion driving of the first cylinder 10 as described above, the working fluid is exhausted through the exhaust port 10b opened by the piston 11 rising again after reaching the bottom dead center. In this case, the second cylinder 20 exhausts the working fluid through the closed exhaust port 20b, and the working fluid exhausted from the first cylinder 10 through the open suction port 20a. Inhale.

That is, the drawing (d) shows the time point of the working fluid exhaust step S3 of the first cylinder 10 and the time point of the working fluid suction step S4 of the second cylinder 20.

FIG. 10 is an exemplary view of an engine including a plurality of engines according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein a plurality of engines 1-1 (pair 1 of the first cylinder 10 and the second cylinder 20) 1-2) (1-3) (1-4) (1-5) (1-6) shows the working condition through the closed circulation of working fluid.

As shown, the pistons 11 and 21 are driven through expansion output driving in one or more high temperature chambers (first cylinder 10) and contraction output driving in one or more low temperature chambers (second cylinder 20). It aims to achieve continuous power transmission towards the connected drive shaft (not shown).

Of course, the expansion output time and expansion output time of the high-temperature chamber and the contraction output time and contraction output time of the low-temperature chamber by the sealed external combustion engine using the temperature difference of the working fluid according to the present invention, the volume of the cylinder (10) (20), operation Of course, the type of fluid, the heat source supply device 100 and the refrigerant supply device 200 through the supply and the type of the refrigerant, the temperature conditions should be considered in conjunction with many external variables.

In particular, the sealed external combustion engine using the temperature difference of the working fluid according to the present invention is the temperature (T1) and the external refrigerant supply device 200 of the heat source provided to the first cylinder 10 through the external heat source supply device (100). The output of the engine is determined according to the temperature T2 of the refrigerant provided to the second cylinder 10 through the bar, the heating means 101 of the heat source supply device 100 and the cooling means of the refrigerant supply device 200 ( The output of the engine is adjusted according to the heating temperature T1 and the cooling temperature T2 as well as the start and stop of the 201).

The present invention is not limited to the above-described specific preferred embodiments, and various modifications can be made by any person having ordinary skill in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention claimed in the claims. Of course, such changes will fall within the scope of the claims.

1 is a conceptual diagram of an engine according to the present invention

2 is a block diagram of a heat source supply device and a refrigerant supply device according to the present invention.

3 to 5 is an operating state diagram of the engine first cylinder according to the present invention

6 to 8 is an operating state of the engine second cylinder according to the present invention

9 is an operating state diagram of an engine having a pair of a first cylinder and a second cylinder according to the present invention;

10 is an operating state diagram by a plurality of engines according to an embodiment of the present invention.

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

(1): engine (10): first cylinder

10a: (first cylinder) inlet port 10b: (first cylinder) exhaust port

(11): (first cylinder) piston 20: second cylinder

20a: (second cylinder) inlet port 20b: (second cylinder) exhaust port

(30): working fluid moving tube (31): on / off valve

(100): external heat source supply device 101: (heat source supply device) heating means

(102): (heat source supply device) circulation piping (200): external refrigerant supply device

201: (coolant supply device) cooling means 202: (coolant supply device) circulation piping

(1021), (2021): Heat increase means

Claims (10)

In the output method of the closed type external combustion engine using the temperature difference of the working fluid, Operating fluid flows from the external heat source supply device 100 toward the first cylinder 10 provided with the cylinder head in a circulation pipe 102 through which the heat source medium circulates (S1); In the step (S1), before the piston 11 of the first cylinder 10 descending by the inflow of the working fluid reaches the bottom dead center, the first cylinder 10 is sealed to use the expansion power of the working fluid. Lowering the piston 11 (S2); After the step (S2), discharging the working fluid by the piston (11) rising through the bottom dead center (S3); And A step of introducing a working fluid discharged from the first cylinder 10 toward the second cylinder 20 provided in the cylinder head portion of the circulation pipe 202 through which the refrigerant circulates from the external refrigerant supply device 200 (S4). ); After the step (S4), the piston 21 of the second cylinder 20 reaches the bottom dead center and simultaneously seals the second cylinder 20 to raise the piston 21 by using the contraction power of the working fluid. Step S5; After the step (S5), discharging the working fluid toward the other first cylinder by the rising piston (S6); Through a closed type using a temperature difference of the working fluid, characterized in that the transfer of the expansion and contraction power of the working fluid constituting the closed circulation path to the drive shaft by alternating a plurality of first cylinder 10 and the second cylinder (20) Output method of external combustion engine. The method of claim 1, The heat source medium circulating the circulation pipe 102 to heat the working fluid introduced into the first cylinder 10 is heated by selected one of sunlight, waste heat, and deep geothermal heat. Method for outputting an enclosed external combustion engine using a temperature difference of. The method of claim 1, The working fluid is an output method of a sealed external combustion engine using a temperature difference of the working fluid, characterized in that consisting of one selected from air, helium, and hydrogen. In a sealed external combustion engine, A first cylinder 10 having a circulation pipe 102 through which the heat source medium circulates from the external heat source supply device 100 to increase the temperature of the working fluid introduced into the cylinder head; A second cylinder 20 having a circulating pipe 202 through which the refrigerant circulates from the external refrigerant supply device 200 is provided in the cylinder head portion to lower the temperature of the working fluid introduced into the cylinder head; And A plurality of first cylinders 10 and second cylinders 20 are alternately arranged; The exhaust port of the first cylinder 10 and the inlet port of the second cylinder 20 are sequentially connected to each other, and the working fluid moves between the first cylinder 10 and the second cylinder 20 which are alternately arranged, and the waste circulation path A working fluid moving tube having an on / off valve to achieve 30; Hermetic external combustion engine using the temperature difference of the working fluid, characterized in that configured to include. The method of claim 4, wherein The working fluid is a sealed external combustion engine using a temperature difference of the working fluid, characterized in that made of one selected from air, helium, or hydrogen. The method of claim 4, wherein The circulation pipes 102 and 202 provided in the cylinder head portions of the first cylinder 10 and the second cylinder 20 have heat transfer for increasing the contact area with the working fluid inside the first cylinder and the second cylinder. Closed external combustion engine using the temperature difference of the working fluid, characterized in that it comprises an increasing means (1021, 2021). The method of claim 6, The heat transfer increasing means (1021) (2021) is a sealed external combustion engine using the temperature difference of the working fluid, characterized in that consisting of a heat transfer fin or a heat transfer plate attached to the circulation pipe (102, 202). The method of claim 4, wherein The heat source medium heating means provided in the external heat source supply device 100 is a sealed external combustion engine using a temperature difference of the working fluid, characterized in that selected from sunlight, waste heat, deep geothermal heat. The method of claim 4, wherein The heat source medium is a closed type external combustion engine using the temperature difference of the working fluid, characterized in that the hot water or steam. The method of claim 4, wherein The refrigerant is sealed external combustion engine using the temperature difference of the working fluid, characterized in that the water.

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