KR100991994B1 - Lng carrier having lng loading/unloading system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a liquefied natural gas carrier having a liquefied gas loading / unloading system, comprising: an STL apparatus installed in a carrier to flow in and out natural gas, and a liquefied apparatus for liquefying natural gas introduced through the STL apparatus in a cryogenic state; At least one independent cargo hold installed on the carrier to store or liquefy the liquefied gas liquefied by the liquefier and one or more membrane cargo hold installed on the carrier in series with the independent cargo hold; And a vaporization device for vaporizing the liquefied gas stored in the independent cargo hold. Therefore, according to the present invention, the membrane-shaped cargo hold and the independent cargo hold are mixed, and the loading / unloading of the liquefied gas is performed through the independent cargo hold of the mixed cargo hold, thereby minimizing the effect of sloshing from the independent cargo hold, thereby preventing safety accidents. The risk can be prevented in advance, and especially when the bow side of an independent cargo hold having excellent structural strength is satisfied, the operating conditions of the polar region can also be satisfied.

LNG carrier, LNG regasifier, FSRU, FPSO, cargo hold, freestanding, membrane type

Description

LNG Carrier with LNG Loading / Unloading System {LNG CARRIER HAVING LNG LOADING / UNLOADING SYSTEM}

The present invention relates to a liquefied natural gas carrier having a liquefied gas loading / unloading system, more specifically, the cargo hold is arranged in a membrane type and stand-alone, by loading and unloading the liquefied gas through the stand alone cargo hold The present invention relates to a liquefied natural gas carrier having a liquefied gas loading / unloading system that minimizes the effect of sloshing.

In general, liquefied natural gas (LNG) refers to a colorless transparent cryogenic liquid whose natural gas containing methane as its main component is cooled to minus 163 ° C and its volume is reduced to one hundredth.

For this reason, the liquefied natural gas stores and stores the liquefied natural gas liquefied in an ultra low temperature state at atmospheric pressure or higher pressure in a cargo hold.

The stored liquefied natural gas is converted to a gas form by raising the temperature, which is generally called a liquefied gas regasification process.

Conventionally, regasification of liquefied gas on land is generally carried out. When the liquefied natural gas carrier arrives at the destination port, the liquefied gas is sent to a land-based regasification plant, which is unloaded by the cryogenic pump of the regasification plant and stored in liquefied or gaseous state.

However, it is not easy to provide a dangerous facility on land, such as a regasification facility, and furthermore, there is a big problem in safety due to the threat of terrorism.

Therefore, in recent years, the LNG regasification vessel (RV) and floating natural gas storage vessel (FSRU: Floating Storage and Regasification Unit) using the regasification process of the liquefied gas has emerged at sea.

In addition, conventionally, natural gas supplied from offshore natural gas lines was liquefied by land-based liquefaction equipment through a pipe network. Liquefied natural gas is stored in onshore storage, and the stored liquefied gas is transported by LNG carriers by cryogenic pumps.

However, with the development of small and medium-sized gas fields, the regasification process of liquefied gas using the floaters such as Floating Production Storage Off loading (FPSO) has appeared. It became.

FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a process of unloading gas regasified in a conventional LNG regasification vessel or a floating natural gas storage vessel (FSRU), and FIG. 2 is a conventional floating offshore crude oil production and storage facility (FPSO). It shows schematically the loading process carried out in.

As shown in Figure 1, to reload the liquefied gas stored in each cargo hold 10 of the floating natural gas storage ship (not shown) to land, one inside each of the cargo hold 10 With the pump 12 installed above, the liquefied gas is discharged along the pipe 14 facing upwards and supplied to the regasification apparatus 16. The gas vaporized by raising the temperature in the regasification apparatus 16 is STL device (Submerged Turret Loading system (not shown)) installed in the lower part of the bow side is stable unloading to the land side through the submarine tunnel.

And in Figure 2, by loading the natural gas drilled in the gas field to the floating offshore crude oil production and storage facility ship (FPSO), the natural gas that was directly drilling in the gas field flows into the vessel through the STL device, the introduced gas The liquefied liquefied gas fluid is liquefied to a cryogenic state through the liquefaction device 24 is loaded into each cargo hold 20 by the cryogenic pump 21 along the pipe 22.

However, conventional plotters such as LNG regasification vessels, floating natural gas storage vessels, floating offshore oil production and storage facilities ships are damaged due to sloshing due to the loading and unloading of liquefied gas at sea. There was a serious disadvantage. In particular, these cargo holds are most likely to have a membrane type that is easy to increase in length or width but is vulnerable to sloshing.

Here, the cargo holds of these floating ships can be used as self-supporting prismatic (SPB) type and morse type independent cargo hold that are resistant to sloshing and external impact, but the SPB type is expensive and the cost of the ship is not sufficient to make the entire cargo hold SPB type. This problem is increased, and the Morse type is difficult to apply because of problems in the regasification apparatus and the liquefaction apparatus.

Therefore, in the present invention, in configuring the cargo hold, the membrane-shaped cargo hold and the SPB-type independent cargo hold are mixed, and the loading / unloading of liquefied gas is performed through the independent cargo hold of the mixed cargo hold, thereby minimizing the impact from sloshing. It is an object of the present invention to provide a liquefied natural gas carrier having a liquefied gas loading / unloading system.

Another object of the present invention, by installing a separate pipe to transport the liquefied fluid between the membrane type and the independent cargo hold, the piping in the other membrane cargo hold in the process of loading / unloading through the independent cargo hold. To provide a liquefied natural gas carrier with a liquefied gas loading / unloading system to avoid filling filling limits that are vulnerable to sloshing by transferring each other to independent or adjacent membrane holds. It is done.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention, in a liquefied natural gas carrier having a liquefied gas loading / unloading system, the STL device installed in the carrier to flow in and out natural gas, and natural gas introduced through the STL device in an ultra low temperature state A liquefied device for liquefaction, at least one independent cargo hold installed on the carrier to store or load / unload the stored liquefied gas liquefied by the liquefier, and one or more membrane cargo hold installed on the carrier in series with the independent cargo hold; And it provides a liquefied natural gas carrier having a liquefied gas loading / unloading system including a vaporization device for vaporizing the liquefied gas stored in the independent cargo hold.

In this case, the independent cargo hold is installed on the bow side or the stern side, or respectively installed on the bow side and the stern side, and the liquefaction device and the independent cargo hold are connected by the first pipe, and the vaporization device and the independent cargo hold are connected by the first pipe. And, it is characterized in that the second pipe is installed to connect the independent cargo hold and each membrane-shaped cargo hold.

In addition, in the present invention, the STL device installed in the transport vessel to introduce natural gas, the liquefaction apparatus for liquefying the natural gas introduced through the STL apparatus in a cryogenic state, and the one installed in the transport vessel to load the liquefied gas liquefied by the liquefaction apparatus The first independent cargo hold and one or more membrane cargo hold installed in the carrier in series with the independent cargo hold, the first pipe being installed between the liquefier and the independent cargo hold to load the liquefied liquefied gas, the independent cargo hold and each membrane type Provided is a liquefied natural gas carrier having a liquefied gas loading system including a second pipe is installed to connect the cargo hold and installed to distribute the liquefied gas loaded into the independent cargo hold to each membrane-shaped cargo hold.

The LNG carrier is a floating offshore crude oil production and storage facility ship (FPSO), and the independent cargo hold is installed on the bow side or the stern side or on the bow side and the stern side, respectively, and is connected to the inside of the membrane cargo hold. At least one pipe is characterized in that it is installed.

In addition, the present invention is a membrane-shaped cargo hold is installed in one or more liquefied natural gas carriers, an independent cargo hold arranged in one or more like the membrane cargo hold, a vaporization device for vaporizing the liquefied gas stored in the independent cargo hold, and the vaporization device And an STL device installed in the carrier to unload the natural gas, wherein the first pipe is installed between the vaporizer and the independent cargo hold to unload the vaporized liquefied gas, and connects the independent cargo hold with each membrane cargo hold. Provided is a liquefied natural gas carrier having a liquefied gas unloading system that is installed and includes a second pipe for transferring the liquefied gas stored in each membrane-shaped cargo hold to the independent cargo hold so that the liquefied gas continues to flow through the independent cargo hold.

The LNG carrier is an LNG regasification vessel (RV) or a floating natural gas storage vessel (FSRU), and the independent cargo hold is installed on the bow side or stern side or on the bow side and stern side, respectively. At least one second pipe leading to the inside may be installed.

According to the liquefied natural gas carrier having a liquefied gas loading / unloading system in the present invention as described above, the membrane-shaped cargo hold and the independent cargo hold is mixed, and the loading / unloading of the liquefied gas through the independent cargo hold of the mixed cargo hold As a result, the effect of sloshing from the independent cargo hold is minimized, thereby preventing the risk of a safety accident in advance, and in particular, when the arrangement of the independent cargo hold with excellent structural strength is satisfied, the polar conditions can be satisfied. .

In addition, a separate pipe is installed in the cargo hold mixed with the membrane type and the independent type so that the liquefied fluid can be transferred to each other, so that the loading / unloading is carried out through the independent cargo hold. By transferring to the adjacent membrane cargo hold, the filling limit, which is vulnerable to sloshing, can be avoided as much as possible, thereby ensuring the safe loading / unloading of liquefied gas at all times.

Hereinafter, the operating principle of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description of the present invention, when it is determined that a detailed description of a known function or configuration may unnecessarily obscure the subject matter of the present invention, the detailed description will be omitted. The following terms are defined in consideration of the functions of the present invention, and may be changed according to the intentions or customs of the user, the operator, and the like. Therefore, the definition should be made based on the contents throughout the specification.

3 is a configuration diagram of a liquefied natural gas carrier having a liquefied gas loading system according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 is a configuration of a liquefied natural gas carrier having a liquefied gas unloading system according to an embodiment of the present invention It is also.

The liquefied natural gas carrier ship 100 having a liquefied gas loading system shown in FIG. 3 is a floater such as a floating offshore crude oil production and storage facility ship (FPSO) that is directly supplied with crude oil by floating in the sea. In configuring the cargo hold at 100, one or more independent cargo hold 110 and one or more membrane-shaped cargo hold 120 are mixed and arranged.

The number of the membrane-shaped cargo hold 120 and the independent cargo hold 110 may be appropriately changed depending on the size of the carrier 100.

In this case, the independent cargo hold 110 is a moss type or an IHI-SPB type, which is relatively expensive in manufacturing but strong in sloshing, so that the sloshing phenomenon due to the sowing resistance is severe. It may be arranged on the side and the stern side, respectively.

And the membrane-shaped cargo hold 120 is, for example, Mark-III type between the independent cargo hold 110 is arranged in succession from the independent cargo hold 110 installed on the bow side or stern side or between the independent cargo hold 110, respectively. Is placed on.

That is, the membrane-shaped cargo hold 120 is installed to avoid the bow side or stern side that may be affected by the sloshing, it is possible to prevent a safety accident due to the sloshing.

As such, the transport vessel 100 in which the membrane type cargo hold 120 and the independent cargo hold 110 are mixed is provided with an STL device 130 for stably introducing natural gas drilled from a gas field on the bow side, and the STL device 130 is provided. Liquefaction apparatus 140 for liquefying the natural gas flowing through the state of the cryogenic fluid is provided.

The first pipe 150 is connected to the inside of the independent cargo hold 110 in the liquefaction device 140, and a pump 170 is installed at the end of the first pipe 150 to liquefy the liquefaction device 140. It will help to store the liquefied gas.

And a second pipe 160 is installed to connect each of the independent cargo hold 110 and each of the membrane-shaped cargo hold 120 arranged in series from the independent cargo hold (110).

The second pipe 160 is for distributing the liquefied gas stored in the independent cargo hold 110 to the other membrane cargo hold 120 through the first pipe 150, and is connected to the inside of each membrane cargo hold 120. A pair is provided and the pump 170 is installed in each end of this pair of 2nd piping 160. As shown in FIG.

And the unloading system of the liquefied natural gas carrier 200 shown in Figure 4, to regasify the fluid in the floating state of the sea and to supply to the facilities of the land through the submarine tunnel, LNG regasification ship (RV) or Plotters of floating natural gas storage ships (FSRU) are used, and the carrier ship 200 is also configured by mixing one or more stand-alone cargo window 210 and one or more membrane-shaped cargo hold 220 in a cargo hold.

The number of membrane-shaped cargo hold 220 and the independent cargo hold 210 may be appropriately changed according to the size of the carrier 200.

In addition, as described above, the floating offshore oil production and storage facility ship (FPSO), the independent cargo hold 210 may be arranged on the bow side, the stern side, or the bow and the stern side, for example, a Moss type or an IHI-SPB type. have.

Membrane type cargo hold 220 is disposed between the independent cargo hold 210 when, for example, a Mark-III type is continuously arranged from the independent cargo hold 210 installed on the bow side or the stern side, or arranged on the bow and stern sides, respectively. .

In addition, a pump 270 is installed inside the independent cargo hold 210, and the pump 270 is connected to the vaporization apparatus 240 installed in the carrier 200 through a first pipe 250 extending upward.

The vaporization device 240 is a device that can be re-gassed by raising the temperature of the liquefied gas liquefied to cryogenic temperature.

And the natural gas regasified in the vaporization device 240 is installed on the bow side of the carrier 200 to the land side by the STL device 230 to maintain a stable process of transporting the vaporized natural gas through the submarine tunnel Liquefied gas unloading takes place.

And a second pipe 260 is installed to connect each of the membrane-shaped cargo hold 220 arranged in series from the independent cargo hold 210 and the independent cargo hold 210.

The second pipe 260 is to transfer the fluid of the other membrane-shaped cargo hold 220 to the independent cargo hold 210 when the liquefied gas of the independent cargo hold 210 starts unloading through the first pipe 250. Each pair of membrane-shaped cargo hold 220 is connected to the inside, and a pair is installed. Each end of the pair of second pipes 260 has a configuration in which a pump 270 is installed.

Meanwhile, other types of carriers besides the illustrated floating offshore oil production and storage facility ships (FPSO), LNG regasification ships (RV) and floating natural gas storage ships (FSRU) may be used. The liquefaction apparatus 140 and the vaporization apparatus 240 may be installed together in a carrier in which the cargo hold is mixed, so that the loading / unloading of the liquefied gas may be possible.

The operation of the liquefied natural gas carrier having a liquefied gas loading / unloading system having such a structure is performed as follows.

First, referring to FIG. 3 again, the process of loading natural gas in a floating offshore crude oil production and storage facility ship (FPSO) will be described. The natural gas drilled from the offshore gas field is the STL device 130 of the carrier ship 100. Stable flowing through, the natural gas introduced into the carrier 100 is converted to a cryogenic fluid state while passing through the liquefaction device (140).

The fluid is first filled in the independent cargo hold 110 through the first pipe 150, and when the fluid is filled to some extent in the independent cargo hold 110, the pump 170 and the second installed in each membrane-shaped cargo hold 120 and the second The fluid filled in the independent cargo hold 110 through the pipe 160 is distributed to the membrane cargo hold 120.

Here, even if the independent cargo hold 110 is disposed in a severe sloshing region, the sloshing effect may be affected on the membrane-shaped cargo hold 120. Furthermore, when only a portion of the membrane-shaped cargo hold 120 is filled with fluid, for example, when the fluid is filled between 10% and 70% of the entire inside of the cargo hold, it may be more vulnerable to sloshing. Therefore, the distribution through the second pipe 160 is appropriately distributed according to the sea wave situation. Furthermore, it is desirable to distribute the cargo hold to reduce the 10% to 70% range time for fluid filling.

In addition, referring to FIG. 4 again, the unloading process of the liquefied gas formed in the LNG regasification vessel (RV) or the floating natural gas storage vessel (FSRU) will be described. The fluid of the liquefied gas filled in the independent cargo hold 210 which is not affected by the Singh is first discharged through the pump 270 and the first pipe 250. At the same time, through the independent cargo hold 210 by transferring the fluid to the independent cargo hold 210 through the pump 270 inside each membrane-shaped cargo hold 220 and a pair of second pipes 260 connected to the pump 270. Ensure that emissions always occur. In addition, when the fluid is filled between 10% and 70% of the membrane-shaped cargo hold 220 so that the mutual fluid is transferred to the other membrane-shaped cargo hold 220 adjacent to the second pipe 260. It may be more vulnerable to, minimizing it.

The fluid discharged to the first pipe 250 is regasified through the vaporization device 240, and the regasified natural gas passes through the STL device 230, and the unloading of the liquefied gas is performed through the subsea tunnel. .

Therefore, in the present invention, as floaters such as LNG regasification ship (RV), floating natural gas storage ship (FSRU), floating offshore oil production and storage facility ship (FPSO) have recently emerged, stand-alone types currently available are available. To overcome the shortcomings of cargo holds and membrane type cargo holds, these cargo holds are mixed and placed, and the loading / unloading of natural gas is made possible through the independent cargo hold which is strong in sloshing. Will be. In addition, the pole-side operation of the stand-alone cargo holds with good structural strength is also possible.

What has been described above is just one preferred embodiment of the LNG carrier having a liquefied gas loading / unloading system according to the present invention, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, in the claims As claimed, any person having ordinary skill in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention will have the technical spirit of the present invention to the extent that various modifications can be made.

FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a process of unloading gas regasified in a conventional LNG regasification vessel or a floating natural gas storage vessel (FSRU),

Figure 2 schematically shows the loading process carried out in a conventional floating offshore crude oil production and storage facility (FPSO),

3 is a block diagram of a liquefied natural gas carrier having a liquefied gas loading system according to an embodiment of the present invention,

4 is a block diagram of a liquefied natural gas carrier having a liquefied gas unloading system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

100, 200: carrier 110, 210: independent cargo hold

120, 220: membrane type cargo hold 130, 230: STL device

140: liquefaction apparatus 150, 250: the first pipe

160, 260: second piping 170, 270: pump

240: vaporization device

Claims (13)

In a LNG carrier having a liquefied gas loading / unloading system, STL device installed in the carrier to flow in and out natural gas, A liquefaction apparatus for liquefying the natural gas introduced through the STL apparatus in an ultra low temperature state; At least one independent cargo hold installed on the carrier to store or load liquefied gas liquefied by the liquefied device, or to load / unload stored liquefied gas; At least one membranous cargo hold installed in the carrier in series with the independent cargo hold; And Vaporizer for vaporizing liquefied gas stored in the independent cargo hold LNG carrier having a liquefied gas loading / unloading system comprising a. The method of claim 1, The independent cargo hold is a liquefied natural gas carrier having a liquefied gas loading / unloading system is installed on the bow side or stern side, respectively installed on the bow side and stern side. The method of claim 1, LNG carrier having a liquefied gas loading / unloading system connected between the liquefied device and the independent cargo hold by a first pipe. The method of claim 1, LNG carrier having a liquefied gas loading / unloading system is connected between the vaporizer and the independent cargo hold by a first pipe. The method of claim 1, Liquefied natural gas carrier having a liquefied gas loading / unloading system is provided with a second pipe to connect the independent cargo hold and each of the membrane cargo hold. STL device installed on the ship to inject natural gas, A liquefaction apparatus for liquefying the natural gas introduced through the STL apparatus in an ultra low temperature state; At least one independent cargo hold installed on the carrier for loading liquefied gas liquefied by the liquefaction device, One or more membrane cargo holds installed in the carrier in series with the independent cargo hold, A first pipe installed between the liquefaction device and the independent cargo hold to load liquefied liquefied gas; A second pipe installed to connect the independent cargo hold and each of the membrane cargo holds and to distribute the liquefied gas loaded into the independent cargo hold to each of the membrane cargo holds; LNG carrier having a liquefied gas loading system comprising a. The method of claim 6, The LNG carrier is a liquefied natural gas carrier having a liquefied gas loading system that is a floating offshore crude oil production and storage facility ship (FPSO). The method of claim 6, The independent cargo hold is a liquefied natural gas carrier having a liquefied gas loading system which is installed on the bow side or stern side or installed respectively on the bow side and stern side. The method of claim 6, Liquefied natural gas carriers having a liquefied gas loading system is installed in the second pipe leading to the inside of the membrane cargo hold. A membrane-type cargo hold installed at least one LNG carrier; Independent cargo hold and one or more arranged, such as the membrane-shaped cargo hold, A vaporization apparatus for vaporizing liquefied gas stored in the independent cargo hold; It includes an STL device installed in the carrier to unload the vaporized natural gas as the vaporizer, A first pipe installed between the vaporizer and the independent cargo hold to unload the vaporized natural gas; A second pipe installed to connect the independent cargo hold and each of the membrane cargo holds to transfer the liquefied gas stored in each of the membrane cargo holds to the independent cargo hold such that the liquefied gas continues to flow through the independent cargo hold. LNG carrier having a liquefied gas unloading system comprising a. The method of claim 10, The LNG carrier is, LNG carrier having a liquefied gas unloading system, an LNG regasification vessel (RV) or a floating natural gas storage vessel (FSRU). The method of claim 10, The independent cargo hold is a liquefied natural gas carrier having a liquefied gas unloading system is installed on the bow side or stern side or installed respectively on the bow side and stern side. The method of claim 10, Liquefied natural gas carriers having a liquefied gas unloading system is installed in the second pipe leading to the inside of the membrane cargo hold.

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