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KR100878941B1 - Circuit for battery voltage estimation and cell balancing in electric vehicle and hybrid electric vehicle - Google Patents

Circuit for battery voltage estimation and cell balancing in electric vehicle and hybrid electric vehicle Download PDF

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KR100878941B1
KR100878941B1 KR1020070082067A KR20070082067A KR100878941B1 KR 100878941 B1 KR100878941 B1 KR 100878941B1 KR 1020070082067 A KR1020070082067 A KR 1020070082067A KR 20070082067 A KR20070082067 A KR 20070082067A KR 100878941 B1 KR100878941 B1 KR 100878941B1
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cell balancing
unit
battery
cell
circuit
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KR1020070082067A
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Korean (ko)
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구재승
김석형
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현대자동차주식회사
기아자동차주식회사
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/28Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the electric energy storing means, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4207Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/441Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

A circuit for battery voltage estimation and cell balancing in electric vehicle and hybrid electric vehicle is provided to reduce the number of a relay required from circuit by comprising a relay for measuring the battery voltage and a relay for cell balancing. A circuit for battery voltage estimation and cell balancing in electric vehicle and hybrid electric vehicle includes a high voltage battery part(30); a relay(32) which is connected to the high voltage battery part, and is comprised of a plurality of relays in order to perform the voltage measurement or the cell balancing; a cell balancing part(34) which is connected to the relay, and performs the cell balancing; a voltage measurement part(36) which and measures the voltage of the high voltage battery part by controlling the relay; and a cell balancing controller(38) which performs the cell balancing of the high voltage battery part by controlling relay and the balancing part.

Description

전기자동차 및 하이브리드자동차용 배터리 전압측정 및 셀밸런싱 공용화 회로 {Circuit For Battery Voltage Estimation And Cell Balancing In Electric Vehicle And Hybrid Electric Vehicle}Circuit For Battery Voltage Estimation And Cell Balancing In Electric Vehicle And Hybrid Electric Vehicle}

본 발명은 전기자동차 및 하이브리드자동차용 배터리 전압측정 및 셀밸런싱 공용화 회로에 대한 것으로서, 더욱 상세하게는 배터리 전압측정을 위한 릴레이와 셀 밸런싱을 위한 릴레이를 공용으로 구성하여 회로에 요구되는 릴레이 수를 감소시킴으로써, 배터리 전압측정 및 셀 밸런싱을 위한 회로의 제작 단가를 감소시킬 수 있는 전기자동차 및 하이브리드자동차용 배터리 전압측정 및 셀밸런싱 공용화 회로에 대한 것이다.The present invention relates to a battery voltage measurement and cell balancing common circuit for electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles, and more particularly, to configure a relay for battery voltage measurement and a relay for cell balancing in common to reduce the number of relays required for the circuit. The present invention relates to a battery voltage measurement and cell balancing common circuit for an electric vehicle and a hybrid vehicle, which can reduce the manufacturing cost of a circuit for battery voltage measurement and cell balancing.

일반적으로 가솔린이나 중유를 주연료로 사용하는 내연 엔진을 이용하는 자동차는 대기오염 등 공해발생에 심각한 영향을 주고 있다. 따라서 최근에는 공해발생을 줄이기 위하여, 전기 자동차 또는 하이브리드(Hybrid) 자동차의 개발에 많은 노력을 기울이고 있다.In general, automobiles using internal combustion engines using gasoline or heavy oil as the main fuel have a serious impact on pollution generation such as air pollution. Therefore, in recent years, in order to reduce the occurrence of pollution, much efforts have been made in the development of electric vehicles or hybrid vehicles.

전기 자동차는 배터리(battery)에서 출력되는 전기에너지에 의해 동작하는 배터리 엔진을 이용하는 자동차이다. 이러한 전기 자동차는 충방전이 가능한 다수의 2차 전지(cell)가 하나의 팩(pack)으로 형성된 배터리를 주동력원으로 이용하기 때문에 배기가스가 전혀 없으며 소음이 아주 작은 장점이 있다.An electric vehicle is a vehicle using a battery engine operated by electric energy output from a battery. Such an electric vehicle uses no battery as a main power source because a plurality of secondary cells capable of charging and discharging are used as a pack has no exhaust gas and has a very small noise.

한편, 하이브리드 자동차라 함은 내연 엔진을 이용하는 자동차와 전기 자동차의 중간 단계의 자동차로서, 두 가지 이상의 동력원, 예컨대 내연 엔진 및 배터리로 이용되는 엑츄에이터를 사용하는 자동차이다. 현재에는, 내연 엔진과 수소와 산소를 연속적으로 공급하면서 화학반응을 일으켜 직접 전기 에너지를 얻는 연료 전지를 이용하거나, 배터리와 연료 전지를 이용하는 등 혼합된 형태의 하이브리드 자동차가 개발되고 있다.On the other hand, the hybrid vehicle is a vehicle of an intermediate stage between a vehicle using an internal combustion engine and an electric vehicle, and is a vehicle using two or more power sources such as an internal combustion engine and an actuator used as a battery. At present, a hybrid vehicle of a hybrid type has been developed, such as using a fuel cell that directly generates an electric energy by chemical reaction while continuously supplying an internal combustion engine and hydrogen and oxygen, or uses a battery and a fuel cell.

상기와 같은 전기자동차 또는 하이브리드 자동차 내의 배터리 전원 공급 장치는 관련 전자 기기에 에너지를 제공하는 전원으로서 멀티셀 배터리 팩을 적용한다. 단일셀보다는 멀티셀의 팩을 이용함으로써 고전압을 인가하거나 용량을 증가시킬 수 있다. 그러나, 각각의 전지의 전압은 전지 자체적으로 충방전 특성을 갖기 때문에 시간이 경과함에 따라 언밸런싱되는 경향이 있다.The battery power supply device in an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle as described above applies a multi-cell battery pack as a power source for providing energy to related electronic devices. By using a pack of multicells rather than a single cell, high voltages can be applied or capacity increased. However, the voltage of each battery tends to be unbalanced over time because the battery itself has charge and discharge characteristics.

이러한 배터리 셀의 언밸런싱은 배터리 팩의 용량의 손실을 초래할 수 있으므로, 모든 배터리 전지의 과충전을 방지하고 균일하게 충전시킬 수 있도록 각각의 전지들을 밸런싱하는 셀 밸런싱 수행을 수행할 필요가 있다.Since the unbalancing of the battery cells may cause a loss of the capacity of the battery pack, it is necessary to perform cell balancing to balance the respective batteries so as to prevent overcharging and uniformly charging all battery cells.

따라서, 배터리 제어 시스템(Batteyr Management System, 이하 'BMS'라 한다)은 전기자동차 또는 하이브리드 자동차의 배터리의 전압/전류/온도 등을 측정하 여 배터리 SOC 계산 및 출력가능 파워 등을 실시간으로 계산하며, 특히 직렬연결된 배터리의 각 모듈(Block, 셀)의 전압 측정하고 측정된 전압 값을 근거로 셀간의 밸런싱 제어를 수행한다. Accordingly, the battery control system (hereinafter referred to as 'BMS') calculates battery SOC and output power in real time by measuring the voltage / current / temperature of a battery of an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle. In particular, the voltage of each module (block, cell) of the series-connected battery is measured and balancing control between cells is performed based on the measured voltage value.

이때, 직렬로 연결된 배터리와 차체 그라운드의 절연을 확보하면서 배터리전압을 측정하기 위해 셀 전압 측정 회로의 릴레이 및 셀 밸런싱 제어를 위한 릴레이를 적용하는 기술에 따라 BMS의 성능 및 재료비가 결정된다.At this time, the performance and material cost of the BMS is determined according to the technique of applying the relay of the cell voltage measurement circuit and the relay for cell balancing control to measure the battery voltage while ensuring the insulation of the battery and the body ground connected in series.

이하, 도 1을 참조하여 종래 기술에 따른 전압측정회로 및 셀 밸런싱 회로에 대하여 설명한다.Hereinafter, a voltage measuring circuit and a cell balancing circuit according to the prior art will be described with reference to FIG. 1.

도 1에 도시된 바와 같이, 종래의 전압 측정 회로(14)와 셀 밸런싱 회로(12)는 분리되어 존재하며, 각각 다수의 릴레이를 포함하여 구성된다. 상기 전압 측정 회로(14)에 의해 측정된 전압은 아날로그-디지털 변환부(16) 내에서 디지털 신호로 변환되어 BMS 시스템 내에 입력된다.As shown in FIG. 1, the conventional voltage measuring circuit 14 and the cell balancing circuit 12 exist separately, and each includes a plurality of relays. The voltage measured by the voltage measuring circuit 14 is converted into a digital signal in the analog-to-digital converter 16 and input into the BMS system.

상기 도 1과 같은 전압측정회로 및 셀 밸런싱 회로는 도 2와 같이 표현할 수 있으며, 도 2에 도시된 바와 같이 전압측정용 릴레이(14)와 셀 밸런싱용 릴레이(12)를 별개로 사용한다. 전압 측정부(18)는 상기 전압측정용 릴레이(14)를 이용하여 각 배터리 셀의 전압을 측정하며, 셀 밸런싱 제어부(20)는 상기 셀 밸런싱용 릴레이(12)를 이용하여 고전압 배터리 팩의 셀 밸런싱을 수행한다.The voltage measuring circuit and the cell balancing circuit as shown in FIG. 1 may be expressed as shown in FIG. 2, and the voltage measuring relay 14 and the cell balancing relay 12 are separately used as shown in FIG. 2. The voltage measuring unit 18 measures the voltage of each battery cell using the voltage measuring relay 14, and the cell balancing control unit 20 uses the cell balancing relay 12 to store the cells of the high voltage battery pack. Perform balancing.

상기와 같은 종래의 전압측정회로 및 셀 밸런싱 회로는 다수의 릴레이를 각각 사용하므로 많은 수의 릴레이를 요구하는 문제점이 있다.Since the conventional voltage measuring circuit and the cell balancing circuit use a plurality of relays, a number of relays are required.

예를 들어, 리튬폴리머 배터리 180V용 전압 측정 및 셀 밸런싱 회로의 경우 전압측정을 위한 릴레이가 49개, 셀 밸런싱을 위한 릴레이가 48개 필요하여 모두 97개의 릴레이가 필요하게 되며, 이처럼 종래기술에 따른 전압측정회로 및 셀 밸런싱 회로는 다수의 릴레이를 각각 사용하여 이로 인해 회로 제작 비용이 상승하는 단점이 있었다.For example, the voltage measurement and cell balancing circuit for the lithium polymer battery 180V requires 49 relays for measuring voltage and 48 relays for cell balancing, and thus, 97 relays are required. The voltage measuring circuit and the cell balancing circuit use a plurality of relays, respectively, and thus, a circuit manufacturing cost increases.

본 발명은 상기와 같은 점을 감안하여 안출한 것으로서, 배터리 전압측정을 위한 릴레이와 셀 밸런싱을 위한 릴레이를 공용으로 구성하여 회로에 요구되는 릴레이 수를 감소시킴으로써, 배터리 전압측정 및 셀 밸런싱을 위한 회로의 제작 단가를 감소시킬 수 있는 전기자동차 및 하이브리드자동차용 배터리 전압측정 및 셀밸런싱 공용화 회로를 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다.The present invention has been made in view of the above, and by configuring a relay for battery voltage measurement and a cell balancing in common to reduce the number of relays required for the circuit, a circuit for battery voltage measurement and cell balancing The purpose of the present invention is to provide a battery voltage measurement and cell balancing circuit for electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles, which can reduce the manufacturing cost of the vehicle.

또한, 셀 밸런싱 방법으로서 특정 셀을 방전시켜 밸런싱을 하는 방법과 특정 셀을 충전시켜 밸런싱하는 방법, 또는 상기 두 방법을 조합하여 밸런싱 하는 방법을 제공하는 전기자동차 및 하이브리드자동차용 배터리 전압측정 및 셀밸런싱 공용화 회로를 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다.In addition, as a cell balancing method, a battery voltage measurement and cell balancing method for an electric vehicle and a hybrid vehicle, which provides a method of discharging and balancing a specific cell, a method of charging and balancing a specific cell, or a combination of the above two methods. The purpose is to provide a common circuit.

상기와 같은 본 발명 전기자동차 및 하이브리드자동차용 배터리 전압측정 및 셀밸런싱 공용화 회로는,Battery voltage measurement and cell balancing circuit for the present invention electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles as described above,

고전압 배터리부;A high voltage battery unit;

상기 고전압배터리부에 연결되어 전압측정 또는 셀 밸런싱을 수행하기 위해 다수의 릴레이로 구성된 릴레이부;A relay unit connected to the high voltage battery unit, the relay unit including a plurality of relays to perform voltage measurement or cell balancing;

상기 릴레이부와 연결되어 셀 밸런싱을 수행하는 셀 밸런싱부;A cell balancing unit connected to the relay unit to perform cell balancing;

상기 릴레이부를 제어하여 고전압 배터리부의 전압을 측정하는 전압측정부;A voltage measuring unit measuring the voltage of the high voltage battery unit by controlling the relay unit;

상기 릴레이부 및 셀 밸런싱부를 제어하여 고전압 배터리부의 셀 밸런싱을 수행하는 셀 밸런싱 제어부를 포함하여 구성되는 것을 특징으로 한다.And a cell balancing control unit configured to control the relay unit and the cell balancing unit to perform cell balancing of the high voltage battery unit.

특히, 상기 공용화 회로를 포함하는 차량이 주행하는 경우, 상기 전압측정부를 통해 고전압배터리의 전압을 측정하는 것을 특징으로 한다.Particularly, when the vehicle including the common circuit is driven, the voltage of the high voltage battery is measured through the voltage measuring unit.

또한, 상기 공용화 회로를 포함하는 차량이 주차 또는 정차하는 경우, 상기 셀 밸런싱 제어부를 통해 셀 밸런싱을 수행하는 것을 특징으로 한다In addition, when the vehicle including the common circuit is parked or stopped, cell balancing is performed through the cell balancing controller.

또한, 상기 셀 밸런싱부는 패시브 방식으로 구성되며, 상기 셀 밸런싱부 내의 저항에서 특정 셀을 방전시키는 것을 특징으로 한다.In addition, the cell balancing unit is configured in a passive manner, characterized in that for discharging a specific cell in the resistance in the cell balancing unit.

또한, 상기 셀 밸런싱부는 액티브 방식으로 구성되며, 상기 셀 밸런싱부 내의 에너지 전환 장치를 이용하여 특정 셀을 충전시키는 것을 특징으로 한다.In addition, the cell balancing unit is configured in an active manner, characterized in that for charging a specific cell using the energy conversion device in the cell balancing unit.

또한, 상기 셀 밸런싱부는 차량 내의 배터리 에너지를 전환하여 특정 셀을 충전시키는 것을 특징으로 한다.The cell balancing unit may be configured to charge a specific cell by converting battery energy in the vehicle.

또한, 상기 셀 밸런싱부는 패시브 방식과 액티브 방식을 조합하여 구성되는 것을 특징으로 한다.The cell balancing unit may be configured by combining a passive method and an active method.

상기와 같은 본 발명 전기자동차 및 하이브리드자동차용 배터리 전압측정 및 셀밸런싱 공용화 회로에 의하면, 배터리 전압측정을 위한 릴레이와 셀 밸런싱을 위한 릴레이를 공용으로 구성하여 회로에 요구되는 릴레이 수를 감소시킬 수 있고, 이를 통해 배터리 전압측정 및 셀 밸런싱을 위한 회로를 단순화시킬 수 있고 그 제 작 단가를 감소시킬 수 있으므로 상당한 상업적·경제적 효과가 기대된다.According to the battery voltage measurement and cell balancing common circuit for the electric vehicle and hybrid vehicle of the present invention as described above, it is possible to reduce the number of relays required for the circuit by configuring a relay for battery voltage measurement and a relay for cell balancing in common As a result, the circuit for battery voltage measurement and cell balancing can be simplified and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. Therefore, considerable commercial and economic effects are expected.

본 출원에서 사용한 용어는 단지 특정한 실시예를 설명하기 위해 사용된 것으로, 본 발명을 한정하려는 의도가 아니다. 단수의 표현은 문맥상 명백하게 다르게 뜻하지 않는 한 복수의 표현을 포함한다. 본 출원에서, “포함하다” 또는 “가지다” 등의 용어는 명세서상에 기재된 특징, 숫자, 단계, 동작, 구성요소, 부품 또는 이들의 조합한 것이 존재함을 지정하려는 것이지, 하나 또는 그 이상의 다른 특징들이나 숫자, 단계, 동작, 구성요소, 부품 또는 이들을 조합한 것들의 존재 또는 부가 가능성을 미리 배제하지 않는 것으로 이해되어야 한다.The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular example embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention. A singular expression includes a plural expression unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In this application, the terms “comprises” or “having” are intended to indicate that there is a feature, number, step, action, component, part, or combination thereof described in the specification, and one or more other It is to be understood that the present invention does not exclude the possibility of the presence or the addition of features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or a combination thereof.

이하, 본 발명을 첨부도면을 참조하여 상세하게 설명한다. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

본 발명은 도 3에 도시된 바와 같이 고전압 배터리부(30), 고전압배터리의 전압을 측정하기 위한 전압측정부(36), 고전압배터리 셀간의 전압 편차 혹은 SOC(state of charge) 편차가 발생하였을 때 이를 밸런싱 하기 위한 셀 밸런싱 제어부(38)을 포함하여 구성되며, 특히 전압측정용 릴레이와 셀 밸런싱용 릴레이를 공용화하여 구성되는 릴레이부(32) 및 셀 밸런싱을 수행하기 위한 셀 밸런싱부(34)를 포함하여 구성되는 것을 특징으로 한다.As shown in FIG. 3, when the voltage deviation or state of charge (SOC) deviation occurs between the high voltage battery unit 30, the voltage measuring unit 36 for measuring the voltage of the high voltage battery, and the high voltage battery cells. And a cell balancing control unit 38 for balancing them, and in particular, a relay unit 32 and a cell balancing unit 34 for performing cell balancing by configuring a voltage measuring relay and a cell balancing relay in common. Characterized in that it comprises a.

또한 도 4에 도시된 바와 같이, 본 발명은 차량의 모드에 따라서 차량이 주행(44) 중에는 상기 전압측정부(36)가 상기 릴레이부(32)를 제어하여 고전압 배터리의 전압을 측정하고, 차량이 주차 또는 정차(46) 중에는 상기 셀 밸런싱 제어 부(38)가 상기 릴레이부(32) 및 상기 셀 밸런싱부(34)를 제어하여 셀 밸런싱을 수행한다.In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, according to the present invention, the voltage measuring unit 36 controls the relay unit 32 to measure the voltage of the high voltage battery while the vehicle is driving 44 according to the mode of the vehicle. During the parking or stopping 46, the cell balancing control unit 38 controls the relay unit 32 and the cell balancing unit 34 to perform cell balancing.

상기와 같이 전압측정 및 셀 밸런싱 회로의 릴레이를 공용화하는 경우 회로에 요구되는 릴레이 수를 현격히 감소시킬 수 있으며, 일례로서 리튬폴리머 배터리 180V용 전압측정 및 셀 밸런싱 회로에 요구되는 릴레이 수량은 공용화회로(32)에 필요한 릴레이 49개와 셀 밸런싱부(34)에 필요한 릴레이 1개로서 총 50개의 릴레이가 요구된다.When the relay of the voltage measurement and cell balancing circuit is shared as described above, the number of relays required for the circuit can be greatly reduced. A total of 50 relays are required as 49 relays required for 32) and one relay required for the cell balancing unit 34.

이는 종래 기술에 따른 회로에서 요구되는 97개의 릴레이에 비해 48% 감소한 수치로서, 본 발명을 통해 릴레이로 인해 릴레이 구입에 필요한 재료비를 48% 감소시킬 수 있다는 것을 의미한다.This is a 48% reduction compared to 97 relays required in the circuit according to the prior art, which means that the present invention can reduce the material cost required for the purchase of relays by 48%.

이하, 도 5 내지 도 7을 참조하여 상기 셀 밸런싱부(34)에 대하여 상세하게 설명한다.Hereinafter, the cell balancing unit 34 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 5 to 7.

상기 셀 밸런싱부(34)는 본 발명이 속하는 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자고 용이하게 실시할 수 있는 일반적인 셀 밸런싱 방법을 통하여 구현될 수 있으며, 이하 셀 밸런싱부(34)의 일 실시예로서 패시브(passive) 방식과 액티브(active) 방식으로 구현된 셀 밸런싱부(34)에 대하여 설명한다.The cell balancing unit 34 may be implemented through a general cell balancing method that can be easily carried out by those skilled in the art, and as an embodiment of the cell balancing unit 34 below. A cell balancing unit 34 implemented in a passive method and an active method will be described.

상기 패시브(passive) 방식의 경우 셀 밸런싱부(52)는 도 5에 도시된 바와 같이 스위치와 저항을 포함하여 구성되며, 상기 저항으로 특정 셀의 전류를 통전시켜 배터리 전압을 낮추거나 에너지를 소모시키는 방식으로 셀 밸런싱을 수행한다.In the case of the passive method, the cell balancing unit 52 includes a switch and a resistor as shown in FIG. 5. The resistor balances the battery voltage or consumes energy by energizing a current of a specific cell. Cell balancing is performed in a manner.

이와 반대로, 상기 액티브(active) 방식은 도 6에 도시된 바와 같이 에너지 전환 장치를 이용하여 특정 셀에 에너지를 공급하여 셀 밸런싱을 수행(62)한다. 일례로서, 자동차 내부에 장착된 12V 배터리의 에너지를 변환하여 특정 셀에 에너지를 공급할 수 있다.In contrast, the active method performs cell balancing by supplying energy to a specific cell using the energy conversion device as shown in FIG. 6 (62). As an example, the energy of a 12V battery mounted inside a vehicle may be converted to supply energy to a specific cell.

또한, 도 7에 도시된 바와 같이 상기 패시브 방식(73)과 액티브 방식(74)을 조합하여 셀 밸런싱부(72)를 구성할 수 있다.In addition, as illustrated in FIG. 7, the cell balancing unit 72 may be configured by combining the passive method 73 and the active method 74.

상기와 패시브 방식(73)과 액티브 방식(74)을 같이 조합하여 셀 밸런싱을 수행하는 경우, 방전이 필요한 셀은 상기 패시브 회로(73)를 이용하여 방전시키고, 반대로 충전이 필요한 셀은 상기 액티브 회로(74)를 이용하여 충전시킴으로서 고전압 배터리부의 셀 밸런싱을 수행한다.In the case of performing cell balancing by combining the passive scheme 73 and the active scheme 74 together, the cells that need to be discharged are discharged using the passive circuit 73, whereas the cells that require charging are the active circuits. By charging using 74, cell balancing of the high voltage battery unit is performed.

이상에서는 본 발명을 특정의 바람직한 실시예에 대하여 도시하고 설명하였으나, 본 발명은 이러한 실시예에 한정되지 않으며, 당해 발명이 속하는 기술 분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자가 특허청구범위에서 청구하는 본 발명의 기술적 사상을 벗어나지 않는 범위 내에서 실시할 수 있는 다양한 형태의 실시예들을 모두 포함한다. While the invention has been shown and described with respect to certain preferred embodiments, the invention is not limited to these embodiments, and those of ordinary skill in the art claim the invention as claimed in the appended claims. It includes all the various forms of embodiments that can be implemented without departing from the spirit.

도 1은 종래 기술에 따른 HEV용 고전압 배터리 BMS 회로의 구성을 나타낸 도면,1 is a view showing the configuration of a high-voltage battery BMS circuit for HEV according to the prior art,

도 2는 종래 기술에 따라 전압측정회로와 셀 밸런싱 회로의 릴레이가 별개로 구성됨을 나타내는 도면,2 is a diagram showing that the relay of the voltage measuring circuit and the cell balancing circuit is configured separately according to the prior art;

도 3은 본 발명에 따라 전압측정회로와 셀 밸런싱 회로의 릴레이를 공용으로 구성한 회로를 나타낸 도면,3 is a diagram illustrating a circuit in which a relay of a voltage measuring circuit and a cell balancing circuit are commonly configured according to the present invention;

도 4는 본 발명에 따라 차량의 모드에 의하여 전압측정 또는 셀 밸런싱이 실시됨을 나타낸 도면,4 is a diagram showing that voltage measurement or cell balancing is performed according to a mode of a vehicle according to the present invention;

도 5는 본 발명에 따라 패시브 방식으로 셀 밸런싱을 수행하는 회로 구성을 나타낸 도면,5 is a diagram illustrating a circuit configuration for performing cell balancing in a passive manner according to the present invention;

도 6은 본 발명에 따라 액티브 방식으로 셀 밸런싱을 수행하는 회로 구성을 나타낸 도면,6 is a diagram illustrating a circuit configuration for performing cell balancing in an active manner according to the present invention;

도 7은 본 발명에 따라 패시브 방식과 액티브 방식을 조합하여 셀 밸런싱을 수행하는 회로 구성을 나타낸 도면이다.7 is a diagram illustrating a circuit configuration for performing cell balancing by combining a passive method and an active method according to the present invention.

<도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호 설명><Description of Signs of Major Parts of Drawings>

10 : 고전압 배터리부 12 : 셀 밸런싱 릴레이10: high voltage battery unit 12: cell balancing relay

14 : 셀 전압측정 릴레이 16 : 아날로그-디지털 변환부14 cell voltage measurement relay 16 analog-to-digital converter

18 : 전압측정부 20 : 셀 밸런싱 제어부18: voltage measuring unit 20: cell balancing control unit

30 : 고전압 배터리부 32 : 셀 전압측정 및 셀 밸런싱 릴레이부30: high voltage battery unit 32: cell voltage measurement and cell balancing relay unit

34 : 셀 밸런싱부 36 : 전압측정부34: cell balancing unit 36: voltage measuring unit

38 : 셀 밸런싱 제어부38: cell balancing control unit

Claims (7)

삭제delete 삭제delete 고전압 배터리부;A high voltage battery unit; 상기 고전압배터리부에 연결되어 전압측정 또는 셀 밸런싱을 수행하기 위해 다수의 릴레이로 구성된 릴레이부;A relay unit connected to the high voltage battery unit, the relay unit including a plurality of relays to perform voltage measurement or cell balancing; 상기 릴레이부와 연결되어 셀 밸런싱을 수행하는 셀 밸런싱부;A cell balancing unit connected to the relay unit to perform cell balancing; 상기 릴레이부를 제어하여 고전압 배터리부의 전압을 측정하는 전압측정부;A voltage measuring unit measuring the voltage of the high voltage battery unit by controlling the relay unit; 상기 릴레이부 및 셀 밸런싱부를 제어하여 고전압 배터리부의 셀 밸런싱을 수행하는 셀 밸런싱 제어부를 포함하여 구성되며,And a cell balancing controller configured to control the relay unit and the cell balancing unit to perform cell balancing of the high voltage battery unit. 상기 공용화 회로를 포함하는 차량이 주차 또는 정차하는 경우, 상기 셀 밸런싱 제어부를 통해 셀 밸런싱을 수행하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전기자동차 및 하이브리드자동차용 배터리 전압측정 및 셀밸런싱 공용화 회로.When the vehicle including the common circuit is parked or stopped, the battery voltage measurement and cell balancing circuit for electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles, characterized in that for performing cell balancing through the cell balancing control unit. 청구항 3에 있어서,The method according to claim 3, 상기 셀 밸런싱부는 패시브 방식으로 구성되며, 상기 셀 밸런싱부 내의 저항에서 특정 셀을 방전시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 전기자동차 및 하이브리드자동차용 배터리 전압측정 및 셀밸런싱 공용화 회로.The cell balancing unit is configured in a passive manner, and the battery voltage measurement and cell balancing common circuit for electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles, characterized in that for discharging a specific cell from the resistance in the cell balancing unit. 청구항 3에 있어서,The method according to claim 3, 상기 셀 밸런싱부는 액티브 방식으로 구성되며, 상기 셀 밸런싱부 내의 에너지 전환 장치를 이용하여 특정 셀을 충전시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 전기자동차 및 하이브리드자동차용 배터리 전압측정 및 셀밸런싱 공용화 회로.The cell balancing unit is configured in an active manner, and the battery voltage measurement and cell balancing common circuit for electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles, characterized in that for charging a specific cell using the energy conversion device in the cell balancing unit. 청구항 5에 있어서,The method according to claim 5, 상기 셀 밸런싱부는 차량 내의 배터리 에너지를 전환하여 특정 셀을 충전시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 전기자동차 및 하이브리드자동차용 배터리 전압측정 및 셀밸런싱 공용화 회로.The cell balancing unit converts battery energy in a vehicle to charge a specific cell, characterized in that the battery voltage measurement and cell balancing common circuit for electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles. 청구항 3에 있어서,The method according to claim 3, 상기 셀 밸런싱부는 패시브 방식과 액티브 방식을 조합하여 구성되되, 패시브 방식은 스위치와 저항을 포함하여 구성되어 저항으로 특정 셀의 전류를 통전시켜 배터리 전압을 낮추거나 에너지를 소모시키는 방식이고, 상기 액티브 방식은 에너지 전환 장치를 이용하여 특정 셀에 에너지를 공급하는 방식인 것을 특징으로 하는 전기자동차 및 하이브리드자동차용 배터리 전압측정 및 셀밸런싱 공용화 회로.The cell balancing unit is configured by combining a passive method and an active method, and the passive method is configured to include a switch and a resistor to energize a current of a specific cell with a resistor to lower battery voltage or consume energy, and the active method The battery voltage measurement and cell balancing circuit for electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles, characterized in that the method for supplying energy to a specific cell by using an energy conversion device.
KR1020070082067A 2007-08-16 2007-08-16 Circuit for battery voltage estimation and cell balancing in electric vehicle and hybrid electric vehicle KR100878941B1 (en)

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KR101049403B1 (en) * 2009-02-12 2011-07-14 (주)엡스코어 Solar energy charge and discharge control device
KR20140125942A (en) * 2013-04-19 2014-10-30 에스케이이노베이션 주식회사 Cell balancing method and apparatus for performing active balancing and passive balancing simultaneously and energy storage system using the same
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KR20160101325A (en) 2015-02-16 2016-08-25 세방전지(주) Cell balancing apparatus capable of heat-radiation for a lithium ion secondary battery module

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101049403B1 (en) * 2009-02-12 2011-07-14 (주)엡스코어 Solar energy charge and discharge control device
WO2011019127A1 (en) * 2009-08-11 2011-02-17 대호전자(주) Circuit for the selective low-speed and low-voltage charging of a battery
US9000718B2 (en) 2011-02-21 2015-04-07 Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. Battery management system including switch
KR101566284B1 (en) * 2012-09-04 2015-11-05 엘지전자 주식회사 Battery controlling apparatus and method thereof
US9318910B2 (en) 2012-09-06 2016-04-19 Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. Cell balancing circuit and cell balancing method using the same
KR20140125942A (en) * 2013-04-19 2014-10-30 에스케이이노베이션 주식회사 Cell balancing method and apparatus for performing active balancing and passive balancing simultaneously and energy storage system using the same
KR102004332B1 (en) 2013-04-19 2019-07-26 에스케이이노베이션 주식회사 Cell balancing method and apparatus for performing active balancing and passive balancing simultaneously and energy storage system using the same
KR20160101325A (en) 2015-02-16 2016-08-25 세방전지(주) Cell balancing apparatus capable of heat-radiation for a lithium ion secondary battery module

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