KR100769295B1 - Radio Frequency Identification Cubic Tag - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a radio frequency-aware three-dimensional tag that can present a new paradigm in automatic detection, recognition, and recognition technology of objects by enabling the recognition of the orientation, as well as the inherent characteristics and position of the object. The frequency-recognized 3D tag is a radio frequency 3D tag capable of recognizing the position and posture of an object, and includes a plurality of directional tags and a supporter that supports the tag and has an electric shielding function. Provide a configuration that attaches to objects that do not have electric field shielding capability.

By using the radio frequency recognition three-dimensional tag as described above, it is easier to obtain information about the object, the person, the environment, it is possible to obtain not only the information required for recognition, but also changes in the physical characteristics (position, posture) of the object, The result is that it is possible to implement an integrated automatic recognition technology that is stable even in the event of damage and can operate semi-permanently.

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Tag, 3D Tag, Auto Recognition, Directionality

Description

Radio Frequency Identification Cubic Tag

1 is a perspective view showing a radio frequency recognition three-dimensional tag according to an embodiment of the present invention,

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an emission form of an electromagnetic field emitted from a radio frequency aware 3D tag according to an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a view showing the radiation characteristics of the tag applied in another embodiment of the present invention,

4 is a view showing a recognizable direction (dir _{x,, y dir,} dir _z) when it is placed in parallel to the axis of the tag coordinate x is an object of Figure 3,

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a three-dimensional tag including three supporters arranged at right angles and attached thereto; FIG.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a tag including three shields orthogonally arranged and shielding an electromagnetic field in the center thereof;

7 to 10 are diagrams illustrating an application example of a tag arranged around a coordinate system representing an object according to the shape of an object by attaching a bar-shaped tag having a general directionality to a general object without using a 3D tag.

<Description of Symbols for Main Parts of Drawings>

10: tag 20: supporter

100: 3D tag

The present invention relates to a radio frequency recognition three-dimensional tag that can automatically recognize the direction, and in particular, it is possible to recognize the orientation as well as the unique characteristics, location of the object to be mounted, automatic detection, recognition, The present invention relates to a radio frequency recognition three-dimensional tag that can present a new paradigm in cognitive technology.

Examples of conventional automatic recognition technologies include bar codes, contact smart cards, optical character recognition, memory cards, and the like, which are applied to various markets such as service industries, purchasing and distribution, inventory management, and security. Each has its own way of embedding the data and provides the reader with the information needed to recognize things, people or other environments.

However, their detection range is limited to a short range (several centimeters to tens of centimeters), and is vulnerable to contamination and damage to waste, and has a strict limitation such as a restriction to be recognized by a leader.

In addition, another example of automatic recognition technology is Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), which is one of automatic identification technologies using radio frequency and performs functions similar to barcodes and smart cards. . RFID can be recognized in environmentally restricted situations, unlike barcodes that are restricted by environmental factors (rain, snow, fog, pollution, etc.) and smart cards that are recognized at extremely limited distances (several to several tens of millimeters). Because it can recognize objects moving at high speeds within a few tens of meters, library libraries, animal husbandry management systems, financial systems, parcel delivery management systems, automatic toll collection systems (ETCS), parking systems, and access control It is used in various fields of industry such as systems and logistics systems.

The RFID tag is composed of an IC chip, an antenna, and adhesive materials, and is also called a transponder as a device for transmitting and receiving data with an external reader or interrogator.

That is, the RFID tag transmits and receives data with the reader in a non-contact manner. Inductive Coupling, Backscattering, Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW), etc. can be used depending on the height of the frequency used.Full Duplex (FDX), Data can be transmitted and received to and from the reader in half duplex (HDX) and sequential (SEQ). In addition, there are two types of transmission / reception methods: amplitude shift keying (ASK) and frequency shift keying (FSK). The former performs transmission and reception by amplitude shift modulation of the electromagnetic wave, and the latter Transmit and receive by frequency modulation. In addition, when general RFID tags are classified into antenna coil types, there are two types of disk antenna coils using circular hollow core coils and cylindrical antenna coils wound with encapsulated coated copper wires such as enameled wires on rod-shaped ferrite cores. The former corresponds to the shape of each antenna coil and the former is formed in a disk shape and the latter is formed in a rod shape.

The RFID tag having the disk-shaped antenna coil performs communication by using the magnetic flux change in the plane direction of the circular coil, and the RFID tag having the cylinder-shaped antenna coil performs communication by using the magnetic flux change in the axial direction.

In view of the frequency band of the RFID tag, the low frequency bands such as 125 KHz and 13.56 MHz have been widely used in the related art, but in recent years, the use of the ultra high frequency (UHF) region of the 900 MHz band has increased significantly. In particular, large retailers such as Walmart and the US Department of Defense use RFID for logistics management. In this case, UHF vs. frequency using backscattering is mainly used, and it operates manually without external batteries. Passive tags that generate the required current are once accepted as standard.

In addition, as a recognition method using a conventional RFID technology, a method using a tag itself, a method of integrating into a card manufactured by laminating, a method using an adhesive medium such as a sticker, and an injection molding method And a method of integrally forming the same.

However, the tag to which the RFID technology is applied has a problem in that the degree of coupling to an object for obtaining information is weak, not easy to attach and fasten to a product, and the RFID circuit may be damaged due to external shock.

That is, the RFID tag is composed of an IC chip, an antenna and a binding material. Basically, a film-shaped substrate made of various plastic materials such as PVC, PCB, PE, PA, PET, and the like is used, and the substrate is generally formed to a thickness of about 100 μm, and an antenna portion is formed on the upper portion thereof. Is formed. The conducting wire of the antenna unit may be mounted on the substrate together with the chip, or may be connected by direct bonding with an IC chip outside the film, or by a chip on board (COB) method.

In addition, the size of the antenna may be large as the reading range required by the reader is large, the smaller the radiation power of the reader, and the smaller the higher the frequency used. In the case of data transmission and reception by backscattering using frequencies in the UHF band or more, the degree of backscattering depends on the size, shape, geology, surface structure and wavelength, and polarization of the antenna. Better efficiency at the antenna

To sum it up, in the case of the existing 13.56MHz frequency tag that is commonly used, the antenna should be formed by the coil method by the inductive coupling method, the antenna size should be more than several meters, and the outer housing should be made of metal There was a fundamental limitation such as not being able to use it.

However, as the RFID method using a frequency and inverse scattering of about 900 MHz or more is widely used in areas such as logistics, the size of the antenna and the housing material are alleviated.

By the way, in the electromagnetic wave, the alternating electric field and the magnetic flux are converted to a phase of 90 degrees, but when the alternating magnetic flux caused by the magnetic field crosses with a conductive member such as iron, aluminum, or copper, an overcurrent occurs in the conductive member, and the overcurrent This causes magnetic flux in the direction of negating alternating magnetic flux.

Therefore, it is common to install the RFID tag as far away from the conductive member as possible.

Therefore, when the RFID tag must be installed in close proximity to the conductive member, an RFID tag having a disk-shaped antenna coil is used, and the coil surface of the RFID tag and the surface of the conductive member must be arranged in parallel, and the non-contrast between them. It prevents the occurrence of overcurrent by separating away from the conductive member through a spacer, or flowing through the conductive member through a ferrite core or amalphos magnetic sheet having a high permeability between the coil surface and the surface of the conductive member. The magnetic flux is transmitted to their high permeability materials to suppress the generation of overcurrent.

In this way, the influence of the conductive member can be reduced, and communication can be performed in any of the methods perpendicular to the coil plane, that is, in a direction in which the magnetic flux distribution is widened by the disk-shaped antenna coil.

On the other hand, an RFID tag having a cylindrical antenna coil can be significantly smaller than an RFID tag having a disk-shaped antenna coil, and is excellent in adaptability to all applications.

That is, as described above, the magnetic flux is caused by the RFID tag having the cylindrical antenna coil in the axial direction of the antenna coil, and in the case of communicating with the lead / light terminal, the magnetic flux is performed from the front end direction of the core member penetrated inside the antenna coil. Sensitivity is advantageous.

Therefore, when the RFID tag is installed on the surface of the conductive member, the axial direction is set up vertically from the surface of the conductive member, as is common sense, so that the RFID tag is installed perpendicular to the surface of the conductive member. It is practical to provide a groove and install it vertically therein.

In addition, even if the RFID tag is installed in the installation hole formed to fit the length, the RFID tag can communicate with the lead / light terminal, thereby preventing communication due to the influence of the surrounding conductive member. In the installation, an RFID tag having a disk-shaped antenna coil is used.

An example of the above technique to solve this problem is disclosed in Korea Utility Model Publication No. 20-0370649, Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 2003-0051597.

In the Republic of Korea Utility Model Study 20-0370649, the RFID tag has a hole formed tag plate, an antenna extension included in the tag plate, eyelet base coupled to the hole of the tag plate, the slit formed in the eyelet base It includes an RFID circuit module to be mounted, the current flow in the eyelet base is limited by the slit and the high resistance portion to flow through a constant path, the terminal of the RFID circuit module is connected to the separate parts, respectively, the eyelet base and the antenna extension part Disclosed are structures for use as loop antennas and di-pole antennas, respectively.

Further, in the Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 2003-0051597, the RFID tag installation structure is a structure for installing an RFID tag having an antenna coil and a control unit as a conductive member, wherein the RFID tag has a cylindrical antenna coil in its entirety in a rod shape. And a portion of the magnetic flux extending in the axial direction from the tip of the cylindrical antenna coil enters the conductive member by making its axial direction parallel to the mounting surface of the conductive member and making contact with the mounting surface. Although the total magnetic flux decreases somewhat in response to the overcurrent formed in the member, a part of the remaining magnetic flux passes through the space on the mounting surface of the conductive member via the RFID tag in a loop shape, so that the magnetic flux is used to lead / light terminals, etc. Communication with the device, even if the installation allowable area of the RFID tag for the conductive member is very narrow. Disclosed is a structure in which an RFID tag having a cylindrical antenna coil that can be extremely miniaturized can be easily installed.

However, in the above-described conventional technology, the information provided by the RFID is for identification of the object only and does not reflect the physical characteristics (position, posture) of the changing object.

That is, in the technique disclosed in the above publication, only the RFID tag mounting structure that makes it possible to install an RFID tag having a cylindrical antenna coil which can increase production, reduce tag cost, and extremely miniaturize to a conductive member is described. There is a problem that can not recognize the orientation of the object as well as the unique characteristics and position of the object to be mounted.

An object of the present invention is to solve the problems described above, it is possible to obtain information about the object, person, environment more easily, and to obtain not only the information required for recognition but also the physical characteristics (position, posture) change of the object It is to provide a radio frequency recognition 3D tag that can implement integrated automatic recognition technology.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a radio frequency recognition 3D tag capable of realizing automatic recognition technology that is stable to contamination and damage and can operate semi-permanently.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a radio frequency recognition 3D tag capable of selectively obtaining not only information required for recognition, but also information on a change in physical characteristics (position, posture) of an object.

In order to achieve the above object, the radio frequency-recognized three-dimensional tag according to the present invention supports a plurality of radio frequency tags and the plurality of tags independently arranged with a unique identifier (ID) with respect to a main axis direction representing an object. And a supporter having electromagnetic shielding properties so that electromagnetic fields radiated from the plurality of tags do not overlap each other.

In addition, in order to achieve the above object, the radio frequency recognition three-dimensional tag according to the present invention has a supporter made of a polyhedron with electromagnetic shielding characteristics and a radio having a unique identifier (ID) independently attached to the surface of each side of the supporter. It includes a frequency tag, the electromagnetic shielding characteristics of the supporter is characterized in that the electromagnetic field radiated from the plurality of tags do not overlap each other.

In addition, in order to achieve the above object, a radio frequency aware three-dimensional tag according to the present invention has a plurality of independently disposed with a unique identifier (ID) with respect to the principal axis direction representing the object and emits a directional electromagnetic field in a single direction. It characterized in that it comprises a radio frequency tag and a supporter for supporting the plurality of tags.

In addition, in order to achieve the above object, the radio frequency identification 3D tag according to the present invention has a polyhedral supporter and a unique identifier (ID) independently attached to the surface of each side of the supporter, and has a unidirectional electromagnetic field. It characterized in that it comprises a radio frequency tag to emit.

In addition, in order to achieve the above object, the radio frequency recognition 3D tag according to the present invention is a radio frequency 3D tag capable of recognizing the position and posture of an object, and includes a plurality of tags having directionality and a supporter for supporting the tag. And the three-dimensional tag is attached to an object having an electric field shielding capability.

In addition, in order to achieve the above object, the radio frequency recognition 3D tag according to the present invention is a radio frequency 3D tag capable of recognizing the position and posture of an object, and supports a plurality of tags having the orientation and the electric shield. And a supporter having a function, wherein the three-dimensional tag is attached to an object having no electric field shielding capability.

In the radio frequency recognition 3D tag according to the present invention, each of the plurality of tags is an active tag or a passive tag.

In the radio frequency recognition 3D tag according to the present invention, the support is made of a polyhedron, and each of the plurality of tags is provided in a direction perpendicular to each surface of the supporter.

In the radio frequency recognition 3D tag according to the present invention, each tag attached to the supporter is a tag having the same shape and the same characteristics.

In the radio frequency recognition 3D tag according to the present invention, the same shape means the same shape, and the same property means the same electromagnetic characteristics and the same frequency band characteristics.

The above and other objects and novel features of the present invention will become more apparent from the description of the specification and the accompanying drawings.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail a preferred embodiment of the radio frequency recognition three-dimensional tag according to the present invention.

In addition, in description of this invention, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same part and the repeated description is abbreviate | omitted.

1 is a perspective view showing a radio frequency recognition three-dimensional tag according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1, the radio frequency identification 3D tag 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is a plurality (ie six) attached to each surface of the supporter 20 and the supporter 20 of the rectangular parallelepiped It consists of tags 10.

The support 20 may include a memory element, an electronic control element, and a capacitor, and each tag 10 may be configured to function as an antenna having directivity and directivity. Each tag 10 may be provided with a memory element, an electronic control element, and a capacitor.

That is, each tag 10 applicable to the present invention is a Radio Frequency Identification Tag (RFID Tag). This RFID technology is internationally rapidly standardized according to the frequency range (that is, 125 ~ 135KHz, 13.56MHz, 862 ~ 928MHz, 2450MHz), and active and passive methods depending on whether a battery is used in the tag. Separated by.

RF active tags that use batteries have a longer recognition distance than passive tags, but they are larger, more expensive, and have a limited lifetime. In addition, the RF passive tag, which is powered from a reader without using a battery, has a small size, a low cost, and can be used semi-permanently compared to an active tag, but has a short recognition distance.

In addition, the RFID tag may be classified into a directional RFID tag and an omnidirectional RFID tag according to whether the radiating electromagnetic wave has directivity.

On the other hand, the supporter 20 may be configured differently in accordance with the case in which the tag 10 has a directivity and the case of a non-directional.

In the case of using the non-directional tag in the present invention, the supporter 20 should be made of at least the surface of the metal material excellent in conductive properties. That is, at least the surface of the supporter 20 should be coated with a metal material having excellent conductive properties in order to prevent mutual interference by electromagnetic fields radiated from the tags attached to the respective surfaces of the supporter 20.

On the other hand, in the case of using the directional tag in the present invention, the supporter 20 does not necessarily need to be made of a metal material having excellent conductive properties. If the electromagnetic field radiated from the tags attached to each surface of the supporter 20 has directivity in a direction perpendicular to each surface, it may be prevented from mutual interference.

Therefore, in the radio frequency recognition 3D tag according to the present invention, the radio frequency tag may be independently disposed with a unique identifier (ID) for each main axis direction representing the object, and the supporter is for supporting each tag. The electromagnetic fields emitted from each tag need to have electromagnetic shielding properties so that they do not overlap each other.

In addition, in the radio frequency recognition 3D tag according to the present invention, the supporter is made of a polyhedron with electromagnetic shielding characteristics, and the radio frequency tag is independently attached to the surface of each side of the supporter with a unique identifier (ID). In this case, the electromagnetic fields emitted from the plurality of tags do not overlap each other due to electromagnetic shielding characteristics of the supporter.

In addition, in the radio frequency recognition three-dimensional tag according to the present invention, the radio frequency tag is independently disposed with a unique identifier (ID) for each major axis direction representing the object and is directed in a direction perpendicular to each plane. The electromagnetic field may be radiated, and the supporter 20 may be configured to support each tag 10. In addition, in the radio frequency recognition 3D tag according to the present invention, the supporter is made of a polyhedron, and the radio frequency tag has an identifier (ID) and is independently attached to the surface of each side of the supporter 20 and is perpendicular to each side. This is done by emitting a directional electromagnetic field in one direction.

The tag may be an active tag or a passive tag, and all tags used in one radio frequency aware 3D tag may have the same shape, the same electromagnetic characteristics, and the same frequency band characteristics.

As described above, when the radio frequency recognition three-dimensional tag is configured, a unique ID is recognized for each axial direction, and the electromagnetic field emitted from the tag polyhedron becomes independent as shown in FIG. 2. Therefore, when the reader detects electromagnetic waves radiated on at least one of the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis, information necessary for recognition of an object, a person, and an environment equipped with a corresponding 3D tag is read. It is easy to get, and if it moves slightly to the left, right, top or bottom, it can detect all electromagnetic waves radiated in the x, y, and z axes, so that the object, person and environment with the corresponding 3D tag can be detected. Even changes in position and posture can be easily obtained. Therefore, integrated automatic recognition of an object, a person, and an environment equipped with the corresponding radio frequency recognition 3D tag can be implemented.

Next, another embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to Figs.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a radiation characteristic of a tag applied in another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a recognizable direction ( dir _{x ,} dir _{y ,)} when the tag coordinate x of FIG _. dir _z ), and FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a three-dimensional tag composed of supporters to which three tags are arranged orthogonally and attached thereto, and FIG. 6 is an arrangement of three tags orthogonally and an electromagnetic field in the center thereof. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a tag configured as an electric shield supporter for shielding a wire, and FIGS. 7 to 10 are coordinate systems representing objects according to the shape of an object by attaching a bar tag having a general directionality to a general object without using a 3D tag. It is a figure which shows the application example of the tag arrange | positioned centering on the figure.

That is, since the object attached to the tag of Figure 5 has an electric field shielding ability, the 3D tag is not recognized on the opposite side to which the tag is attached, and thus the position and posture of the object may be determined by attaching to the front and rear surfaces of the object, respectively.

In addition, the object attached to the tag of Figure 6 has no electrical shielding ability to attach a 3D tag to a portion of the object can determine the position and posture of the object regardless of the front and back of the object.

In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figs. 3 to 10, the passive tag attached along a certain direction of the object informs the ID of the object at the same time as the detection, and also the physical posture of the current antenna of the object I can tell you the relationship. By using such a property, a coordinate system capable of representing the object is set, and a tag is installed along the axes of the coordinate system, thereby obtaining the physical attitude information as described above.

That is, in another embodiment of the present invention, the 3D tag is composed of a tag having a directionality and a supporter for supporting the tag and attached to an object having an electric field shielding capability to recognize the position and posture of the object.

In addition, in another embodiment of the present invention, the three-dimensional tag is composed of a tag having a direction and the supporter having an electric shielding function to support it is configured to recognize the position and posture by attaching to the object without electric field shielding ability. .

In another embodiment of the present invention, a tag having a directionality as shown in Fig. 4 is attached to the corner portion of each hexahedron of the supporter made of a polyhedron and shielding the electric and electromagnetic fields as shown in Fig. 6. By doing so, it is possible to selectively recognize the information of the object in the three-dimensional direction.

In addition, in the three-dimensional tag according to another embodiment of the present invention, the posture estimation is possible by embedding a tag having a direction in six directions of a hexahedron as shown in FIG.

By using the advantages of the radio frequency identification tag as described above, it is possible to store and supply a large amount of information compared to existing recognition technologies, the recognition speed is also very fast, and at the same time a plurality of recognition is possible.

In addition, the present invention is because the radio frequency identification tag is attached to the surface of the supporter, it has a strong characteristic against contamination and damage.

In addition, in the object recognition technology, when the radio frequency identification tag is mounted on an object to be measured, it becomes very easy to detect the characteristics of the object. The present invention provides a three-dimensional tag having a multi-directional orientation based on the characteristic that the antenna of the radio frequency identification reader (RF) reader recognizes the tag among the characteristics of the radio frequency identification tag, the unique characteristics of the object In addition, it presents a new paradigm in the automatic detection, recognition, and cognitive technology of objects by enabling the recognition of orientation as well as location.

In addition, the present invention can be utilized for precise environmental recognition in the field where the recognition of the environment, such as the intelligent robot field is important. For example, an object recognition technology using a camera, which is the most representative object recognition technology, is captured by a camera to find an object of interest, and then a process of matching with a template stored in a memory is repeated. If the template of the stored object and the posture of the object in the image are different, it requires a lot of calculation and repeats an inefficient process. However, by utilizing the present invention, since the detection, recognition, posture estimation is performed at the same time, it is possible to overcome the existing inefficiency.

In addition, the present invention can acquire the attitude information of the object with respect to the antenna in addition to the unique recognition advantages of the RFID, so that using the object or the environmental information, driving the environment or controlling the object, that is, the intelligent vehicle field It can be widely used for the Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) technology. It will also be possible to apply more detailed information about objects to blind people. It can also be used to protect goods in logistics and distribution.

As mentioned above, although the invention made by this inventor was demonstrated concretely according to the said Example, this invention is not limited to the said Example and can be variously changed in the range which does not deviate from the summary.

As described above, according to the radio frequency recognition 3D tag according to the present invention, it is easier to obtain information about an object, a person, and an environment, and to obtain not only information necessary for recognition but also a change in physical characteristics (position, posture) of the object. It is possible to implement an integrated automatic recognition technology that can be operated in a stable, semi-permanent manner, and is resistant to contamination and damage.

In addition, according to the radio frequency recognition three-dimensional tag according to the present invention, since the detection, recognition, and posture estimation are performed at the same time, the effect that the process of change in the physical characteristics (position, posture) of the object can be processed at high speed. .

Claims (15)

A plurality of radio frequency tags, each having a unique identifier (ID) with respect to the principal axis direction representing the object and emitting a directional electromagnetic field in a single direction, And a supporter for supporting the plurality of tags. The method of claim 1, And wherein the tag is an active tag or a passive tag. The method of claim 1, Wherein said single direction is a direction perpendicular to each surface of said supporter. delete The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The same shape means the same shape, and the same property means the same electromagnetic characteristics and the same frequency band characteristics, 3D tag. Polyhedron supporter, And a radio frequency tag having a unique identifier (ID) independently attached to the surface of each side of the supporter and emitting a directional electromagnetic field in a single direction. The method of claim 6, And wherein the tag is an active tag or a passive tag. The method of claim 6, Wherein said single direction is a direction perpendicular to each surface of said supporter. delete The method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, The same shape means the same shape, and the same property means the same electromagnetic characteristics and the same frequency band characteristics, 3D tag. Radio frequency three-dimensional tag that can recognize the position and attitude of the object, Many tags with directionality A supporter supporting the tag and having an electric shield function, And the 3D tag is attached to an object having no electric field shielding capability. The method of claim 11, And wherein each of the plurality of tags is an active tag or a passive tag. The method of claim 12, The support is made of polyhedron, And each of the plurality of tags is provided in a direction perpendicular to each surface of the supporter. delete The method of claim 13, The same shape means the same shape, and the same property means the same electromagnetic characteristics and the same frequency band characteristics, 3D tag.

Images