KR100632341B1 - Powdery composition for yellow soil mortar - Google Patents

Abstract

Powdery composition for eco-friendly loess mortar used as finishing materials of wall or flooring body is provided to satisfy fluidity of the mortar and strength of hardened body, and to improve workability of the mortar by admixing crude fine loess powder, calcium oxide, rapid hardening cement, sand and powdery fluidizer together without using organic resin. The powdery composition includes: 100wt. parts of fine crude loess powder with less than 150 micrometers; 25-50wt. parts of calcium oxide; 10-40wt. parts of rapid hardening cement; and 50-150wt. parts of sand. The composition further includes 2-8wt. parts of powdery fluidizer and/or 2-8wt. parts of meta-kaolin. The composition is used to form loess mortar together with 75-150wt. parts of water.

Description

Powder composition for ocher mortar

1a to 1h are photographs of the specimens of Comparative Examples 1 to 8, respectively.

Figure i is a photograph of the surface of the manufacturer test specimen according to the prior art (Comparative Example 10)

Figure 2a to Figure 2g is a photograph of the surface of the test specimen of Examples 1 to 7 of the present invention

The present invention relates to a powder composition for ocher mortar and ocher mortar used as a finishing material for walls or floors.

Cement has high energy consumption and environmental issues such as CO ₂ and NO ₂ emissions when manufactured from the main materials of typical construction materials that are mass produced and consumed today. In order to reduce the environmental load, concrete recycling, low-energy manufacturing method of cement and methods to suppress CO ₂ and NO ₂ emission have been proposed, but are insufficient.

Due to the modernization and concrete of residential environment, problems of residential environment such as sick house syndrome are on the rise. Sick House Syndrome (Sick House Syndrome) was raised by medical journals in the '80s, and used in volatile organic chemicals (VOCS) such as benzene from formaldehyde from flooring and adhesives and chemical products such as silk wallpaper and curtains, cement and asbestos. It refers to the symptoms that cause atopic dermatitis and allergic asthma caused by harmful substances such as radon gas and fine dust released.

Ocher is attracting attention and being used as an environmentally friendly building material that can solve the sick house syndrome. However, due to overemphasis on the efficacy of loess, it is manufactured only by traditional methods, and thus does not solve the functional problems such as cracking and loosening due to shrinkage, and does not satisfy the productivity and economic efficiency by the labor-intensive production method. In order to solve these disadvantages, ocher materials have been developed using adhesives such as organic resins, but the overall performance is still lower than those of industrial materials, and environmental load materials such as organic resins should be used as building materials. Not only does it satisfy the economic performance, productivity and functionality, but also its intended environmental friendliness.

Korean Patent Publication No. 10-0230569 discloses a high flow ocher mortar. In such a composition, since cracking and strength problems due to dry shrinkage occur, the yellow soil is calcined and used. In addition, by using the processed ocher processed by firing at 400 ℃, the microorganism and enzymatic action of live ocher, purification and detoxifying power to remove human poison, neutralization of cement poison, energy saving by heat storage, odor removal and mold removal, etc. Many disappear. Of course, the cost of heat treatment for such sourcing and the use of relatively expensive materials such as pozzolans and cracking inflators are expensive.

The present invention uses raw yellow clay, which is not heated at high temperature as a main component, almost no organic resin as a binder, uses a minimum amount of inorganic binder components, and has low water mixing ratio, and can satisfy the fluidity of the mortar and the strength of the cured body. To provide a powder composition and ocher mortar.

In another aspect, the present invention is to provide a powder composition and a loess mortar for the mortar that can obtain a high-strength hardened body and low cost and satisfy the environmentally friendly requirements.

According to the present invention, there is provided a composition for loess mortar consisting of 100 parts by weight of finely divided fresh loess having a particle diameter of 150 μm or less, 25 to 50 parts by weight of calcium oxide, 10 to 40 parts by weight of cemented carbide cement, and 50 to 150 parts by weight of sand. The ocher mortar powder composition may further comprise 2 to 8 parts by weight of a powder fluidizing agent. The ocher mortar powder composition may further include 2 to 8 parts by weight of metakaolin.

In addition, according to the present invention, 100 parts by weight of finely divided fresh soil having a particle diameter of 50 μm or less, 34 to 40 parts by weight of calcium oxide, 15 to 35 parts by weight of cemented cement, 75 to 100 parts by weight of sand, and 2 to 8 parts by weight of a powder fluidizing agent An ocher mortar powder composition is provided. The composition for ocher mortar may further comprise 2 to 8 parts by weight of metakaolin.

The term "raw ocher" herein refers to dry finely divided ocher without heating at a high temperature. In order to manufacture the ocher mortar may be added to adjust the amount of water in accordance with the use environment in the field, but preferably, the final ocher mortar is prepared by adding 70 to 150 parts by weight of water. Most preferably, 22 to 28 weight percent water is mixed in the water / powder ratio.

The ocher used in the present invention is fresh ocher which is not heated at a high temperature. Ocher particles are generally composed of various mineral particles such as quartz, feldspar, mica and calcite. In terms of chemical composition, it is generally about 30-50% silica, 20-40% alumina, 3-15% iron, 2% magnesium oxide, 2% sodium and 1.5% potassium. Most of loess in Korea is weathered granite, diorite, quartz rock, quartzite rock, and alumite before and after the end of the Cretaceous. It is mainly red clay which is distributed on the surface of kaolin among the first clay minerals. The size of the ocher particles is mainly 0.02 ~ 0.05mm (weight ratio 50%), loosely intercalated by calcium carbonate, usually homogeneous, no lamination, and large porosity of 50-55%. The loess of Korea is a mixture of silica and feldspar, and then limestone. It is believed that raw ocher contains enzymes such as catalase, diphenol oxidase, saccharase, and protease, which plays a role in detoxification, degradability, fertilizer element, and purification.

As the most important component in the present invention, calcium oxide reacts with water to cause hydration expansion. The volume change when the hydration expansion reaction of calcium oxide, that is, the reaction of CaO + H ₂ O → Ca (OH) ₂ occurs, is 1.8 times between the solid phase (CaO) in the volume ratio. At apparent volume fractions up to and including pores, it is about three times before and after the reaction, which is expansion by calcium oxide. In addition, when a crystal grows in the hardened body of loess, expansion occurs by pushing and enlarging the wall surrounding the crystal. The crystal precipitates from the liquid phase or precipitates on the solid surface by solid-liquid phase reaction. Therefore, the inventors have found that calcium oxide compensates for the dry shrinkage of ocher, thereby canceling the cause of cracking by canceling the tensile stress during dry shrinkage.

The sand used in the present invention is a natural sand collected from the river, preferably fine sand passed through N0.8 sieve (2.38mm) and such fine sand expresses its own horizontal leveling and strength enhancement of the mortar used for the floor finishing material. do.

The cemented carbide used in the present invention contains a large amount of calcium aluminate-based minerals, and when kneaded with water, forms a hydrated mineral called 'ethrinzite', which generates rapid strength and heat of hydration. do. It contains about 10% or more of alumina and silica, as well as calcium oxide, the main component of limestone, as well as clay and siliceous raw materials. It is prepared by mixing admixture with gypsum to form clinker and grinding. The cemented carbide cements may be classified into alumina based, amorphous alumina based, and subcyclic cemented carbide according to the composition. Subarginous cemented carbide with high silica and alumina content is preferred.

The fluidizing agent used in the present invention is to increase the flow of the paste (dispersed) by dispersing the aggregated particles because it is adsorbed to the mortar to charge the particle surface to cause mutual reaction between the particles. The use of this fluidizing agent in mortars improves workability and requires almost no compaction and does not cause excessive bleeding or material separation. When mixed, it can strongly disperse the ocher mortar to produce high-strength ocher mortar with excellent fluidity even at low water / binder ratios, and is suitable for steam curing, high temperature, and high pressure curing. Secondary products can be manufactured. A powder fluidizing agent mainly containing polynaphthalenesulfonate is used.

Meta-kaolin used in the present invention is processed by kaolin, or kaolin component, and the physical properties and chemical composition may change slightly depending on the kaolin mineral of the manufactured region, which is a raw material, and the color is also white and light red. There is this. This color difference is changed depending on the trace component contained, mainly Fe ₂ O ₃ The difference is caused by the components and the main component is SiO ₂ And Al ₂ O ₃ . These metakaolins allow for the rapid consumption of chemically active and harmful large amounts of calcium hydroxide in cement, thereby greatly improving durability and strength. The incorporation of metakaolin into the loess mortar is effective for the immobilization of toxic metals contained in the cement component and promotes the immobilization of chlorides and sulfides.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to Examples. These examples are intended to illustrate the invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Three specimens were made for all compositions and the average of the measurements was taken except for the compressive strength. Examples are crack test comparing the mixture according to the mixing ratio of pure ocher and ocher and calcium oxide, the compressive strength test for all test specimens of the compressive strength for pure ocher and ocher mortar according to the preferred composition ratio of the present invention and Mortar test specimens according to the most favorable composition ratio are measured for fluidity, PH, compressive strength, slump, material separation resistance, far-infrared radiation performance, deodorization performance, antifungal test, specific heat and thermal conductivity, harmful element content (heavy metal) and formaldehyde measurement. It was. The water / powder ratio was unified at 25.5% for comparison.

Crack test

Comparative Example 1

Pure ocher in Gyeongju Gyeongsangsan wet state is dried in air for 24 hours, finely ground to 150 μm or less, and passed through a sieve to prepare fine ocher powder having a specific gravity of 2.5 and an average particle diameter of 22 μm. Mix with a mixer for 3 minutes with water added so that the water / powder ratio was 25.5%. The ocher paste was poured into the 40 cm x 40 cm x 1 cm mock plate by shaking the mock plate from side to side, and then left to stand. After 5 hours standing, demolding was performed. Three specimens were made.

The changes in length, shrinkage and expansion were measured at 1 and 3 days of age, respectively, and the average values of the three specimens were determined by observing cracking at 3 days of age. Shrinkage and large cracks occurred badly. Detailed measurements are summarized in Table 1.

Comparative Example 2

Pure ocher in Gyeongju Gyeongsangsan-si wet state is dried in air for 24 hours, finely divided, and passed through a sieve to be 150 μm or less to prepare fine powder of ocher with a specific gravity of 2.5 μm. The fine ocher powder and fine calcium oxide powder of white light Co., Ltd. having a specific gravity of 3.25 were manually mixed to have a weight ratio of 100: 68, and then mixed with a mixer for 3 minutes while adding water so that the water / powder ratio was 25.5%. The ocher mixture paste was poured into a 40 cm × 40 cm × 1 cm simulation member plate by shaking the simulation member plate from side to side and left to stand. After 5 hours standing, demolding was performed. Three specimens were made.

The changes in length, shrinkage and expansion were measured at 1 and 3 days of age, respectively, and the average values of the three specimens were determined by observing cracking at 3 days of age. Mostly swelling and microcracks occur. Detailed measurements are summarized in Table 1.

Comparative Example 3

The fine powder of ocher and fine powder of calcium oxide of white light Co., Ltd. having a specific gravity of 3.25 were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the powder was 100: 50 by weight.

The changes in length, shrinkage and expansion were measured at 1 and 3 days of age, respectively, and the average values of the three specimens were determined by observing cracking at 3 days of age. Mostly swelling and microcracks occur. Detailed measurements are summarized in Table 1.

Comparative Example 4

The fine powder of ocher and fine powder of calcium oxide of white powder Co., Ltd. having a specific gravity of 3.25 were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the weight ratio was 100: 40.

The changes in length, shrinkage and expansion were measured at 1 and 3 days of age, respectively, and the average values of the three specimens were obtained by observing cracks at 3 days of age. There was mainly some swelling and two microcracks. Detailed measurements are summarized in Table 1.

Comparative Example 5

The fine clay powder and the fine calcium oxide powder of white light Co., Ltd. having a specific gravity of 3.25 were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.

The changes in length, shrinkage and expansion were measured at 1 and 3 days of age, respectively, and the average values of the three specimens were determined by observing cracking at 3 days of age. There is microswelling and no cracks. Detailed measurements are summarized in Table 1.

Comparative Example 6

The fine clay powder and the fine calcium oxide powder of white light Co., Ltd. having a specific gravity of 3.25 were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.

The changes in length, shrinkage and expansion were measured at 1 and 3 days of age, respectively, and the average values of the three specimens were determined by observing cracking at 3 days of age. No shrinkage and expansion, no cracks. Detailed measurements are summarized in Table 1.

Comparative Example 7

The fine powder of ocher and the fine powder of calcium oxide of white light Co., Ltd. having a specific gravity of 3.25 were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the weight ratio was 100: 34.

The changes in length, shrinkage and expansion were measured at 1 and 3 days of age, respectively, and the average values of the three specimens were determined by observing cracking at 3 days of age. Fine shrinkage and two cracks were observed. Detailed measurements are summarized in Table 1.

Comparative Example 8

The fine powder of ocher and fine powder of calcium oxide of white light Co., Ltd. having a specific gravity of 3.25 were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the powder was 100: 32 by weight.

The changes in length, shrinkage and expansion were measured at 1 and 3 days of age, respectively, and the average values of the three specimens were determined by observing cracking at 3 days of age. Slight shrinkage and microcracks were observed. Detailed measurements are summarized in Table 1. It can be seen that the Comparative Examples 1 to 8 are excellent in terms of shrinkage, expansion, and cracks associated with them in the range of 34 to 40 parts by weight of calcium oxide with respect to 100 parts by weight of ocher.

In Comparative Examples 1 to 8, the surface photographs of 3 days of age are shown in FIGS. 1A to 1H.

Table 1

Example Ocher: calcium oxide Length change measurement value (mm) Simulation member measurement (with or without contraction) Cracking drawing 1 day 3 days of age 1 day 3 days of age Comparative Example 1 100: 0 (pure ocher) -5.00 -3.51 Contraction (maximum) Contraction (maximum) 26 (large cracks) Figure 1a Comparative Example 2 100: 68 +3.00 +1.91 Expansion (large) Expansion (large) 24 (fine cracks) Figure 1b Comparative Example 3 100: 50 +1.45 +0.90 Expansion (large) Inflated 9 (fine cracks) Figure 1c Comparative Example 4 100: 40 +0.24 +0.18 Expansion (minimal) Expansion (minimal) 2 (fine cracks) Figure 1d Comparative Example 5 100: 38 +0.22 +0.16 Expansion (minimal) Expansion (minimal) none Figure 1e Comparative Example 6 100: 36 0.00 0.00 Inflation (no) Water side (no) none Figure 1f Comparative Example 7 100: 34 -0.21 -0.14 Contraction (minimal) Contraction (minimal) 3 (fine cracks) Fig 1g Comparative Example 8 100: 32 -0.26 -0.21 Contraction (minimal) Contraction (small) 8 (fine cracks) Figure 1h

Example 1

 Pure ocher in Gyeongju Gyeongsangsan-si wet state is dried in air for 24 hours and finely pulverized and passed through a sieve so that it is 150 or less to prepare fine powder of ocher with a specific gravity of 22 and an average particle diameter of 22. 100 parts by weight of ocher fine powder, 66 parts by weight of fine calcium oxide powder (manufactured by White Light Co., Ltd. of 3.25), 2.2 parts per second of high speed cement, compressive strength of 70 Mpa (7 days), 21 parts by weight of Union Co., Ltd., Sangju, Gyeongbuk 66 parts by weight of natural sand (specific gravity: 2.59, granulation rate: 1.850), specific gravity of meth kaolin 2.5, 5 parts by weight of Chemius Korea, fluidizing agent specific gravity: 0.6-0.7, 5 parts by weight of Igan Industrial Co., Ltd. After mixing, the mixture was mixed with a mixer for 3 minutes while adding water such that the water / powder ratio was 25.5%. The ocher slurry was poured into a 40 cm x 40 cm x 1 cm simulation member plate while shaking the simulation member plate from side to side to finish. After 5 hours standing, demolding was performed. Three specimens were made.

 The changes in length, shrinkage and expansion were measured at 1 and 3 days of age, respectively, and the average values of the three specimens were determined by observing cracking at 3 days of age. Mostly swelling and microcracks occur. Detailed measurements are summarized in Table 2-1.

Example 2

 Example 1 except that 100 parts by weight of ocher fine powder, 50 parts by weight of fine calcium oxide powder (manufactured by White Gwangju Co., Ltd.), 82 parts by weight of natural sand (specific gravity: 2.59, assembly rate: 1.850) of Gyeongbuk It was performed together.

 The changes in length, shrinkage and expansion were measured at 1 and 3 days of age, respectively, and the average values of the three specimens were determined by observing cracking at 3 days of age. Mostly swelling and microcracks occur. Detailed measurements are summarized in Table 2-1.

Example 3

 Example 1 except that 100 parts by weight of ocher fine powder, 40 parts by weight of fine calcium oxide powder (manufactured by White Light Co., Ltd.), and 92 parts by weight of natural sand (specific gravity: 2.59, assembly rate: 1.850) in Gyeongbuk It was performed together.

 The changes in length, shrinkage and expansion were measured at 1 and 3 days of age, respectively, and the average values of the three specimens were determined by observing cracking at 3 days of age. There was mainly some swelling and five microcracks. Detailed measurements are summarized in Table 2-1.

Example 4

 Example 1 except that 100 parts by weight of ocher fine powder, 37 parts by weight of fine calcium oxide powder (manufactured by White Kwang Co., Ltd.), 95 parts by weight of natural sand (specific gravity: 2.59, granulation rate: 1.850) of Gyeongbuk It was performed together.

 The changes in length, shrinkage and expansion were measured at 1 and 3 days of age, respectively, and the average values of the three specimens were determined by observing cracking at 3 days of age. There is microswelling and no cracks. Detailed measurements are summarized in Table 2-1.

Example 5

 Example 1 except that 100 parts by weight of fine yellow powder, fine powder of calcium oxide (34 parts by weight of white light Co., Ltd.), 97 parts by weight of natural sand (specific gravity: 2.59, assembly rate: 1.850) of Gyeongbuk It was performed together. The changes in length, shrinkage and expansion were measured at 1 and 3 days of age, respectively, and the average values of the three specimens were determined by observing cracking at 3 days of age. There was microshrinkage and no cracks. Detailed measurements are summarized in Table 2-1.

Example 6

 Example 1 except that 100 parts by weight of fine yellow powder, fine powder of calcium oxide (manufactured by Baekwang Co., Ltd. of 3.25) and 103 parts by weight of natural sand (specific gravity: 2.59, assembly rate: 1.850) of Gyeongbuk It was performed together.

 The changes in length, shrinkage and expansion were measured at 1 and 3 days of age, respectively, and the average values of the three specimens were determined by observing cracking at 3 days of age. Fine shrinkage and five cracks were observed. Detailed measurements are summarized in Table 2-1.

Example 7

Example 1 except that 100 parts by weight of ocher fine powder, 26 parts by weight of fine calcium oxide powder (manufactured by White Light Co., Ltd.) and 105 parts by weight of Sangju Gyeongsangju natural sand (specific gravity: 2.59, assembly rate: 1.850) It was performed together.

 The changes in length, shrinkage and expansion were measured at 1 and 3 days of age, respectively, and the average values of the three specimens were determined by observing cracking at 3 days of age. Slight shrinkage and 12 microcracks were observed. Detailed measurements are summarized in Table 1. In Comparative Example 1 and Examples 1 to 7 the surface photograph of the 3 days of age is shown in Figures 2a to 2g.

Table 2-1

          Example     Length change measurement value (mm) Simulation member measurement (with or without contraction)    Cracking  1 day  3 days  1 day   3 days      Comparative Example 1 (pure yellow soil)  -5.00   -3.51    Contraction (maximum)    Contraction (maximum)  26 (large cracks)       100 parts by weight of ocher + 21 parts by weight cement solution + 5 parts by weight of metakaolin + 5 parts by weight of fluidizing agent Example 1 (66 parts by weight of calcium oxide, 66 parts by weight of natural sand)   +5.00  +11.02  Expansion (large)  Expansion (large)  50 (fine cracks) Example 2 (50 parts by weight of calcium oxide, 82 parts by weight of natural sand)   +1.31   +0.11  Expansion (large)  Inflated  11 (fine cracks) Example 3 (40 parts by weight of calcium oxide, 92 parts by weight of natural sand)   +0.34   +0.27    Dilation (minimal)    Dilation (minimal)  5 (fine cracks) Example 4 (37 parts by weight of calcium oxide, 95 parts by weight of natural sand)   +0.19   +0.11    Dilation (minimal)    Dilation (minimal)      none Example 5 (34 parts by weight of calcium oxide, 97 parts by weight of natural sand)   -0.18   -0.14    Contraction (minimal)    Contraction (minimal)      none Example 6 (29 parts by weight calcium oxide, 103 parts by weight of natural sand)   -0.25   -0.17    Contraction (minimal)    Contraction (minimal)  5 (fine cracks) Example 7 (26 parts by weight of calcium oxide, 105 parts by weight of natural sand)   -0.35   -0.24    Contraction (minimal)    Contraction (minimal)  12 (fine cracks)

Compressive strength test

Comparative Example 9

Three specimens of 3 days and 7 days of pure ocher prepared in Comparative Example 1 were cut out and subjected to a compressive strength test according to KS F 5105. It was not possible to measure due to cracks or exceeded the reference value. Detailed measurements are shown in Table 2-2.

Comparative Example 10

Commercially available ocher mortars (Daedong) were prepared in the manner described in the patent specification. The clay prepared in Comparative Example 1 was manually mixed with 100 parts by weight of loess fired at 400 ° C, 31 parts by weight of pozzolane, 7.6 parts by weight of quicklime, 15 parts by weight of lime-based expander, 108 parts by weight of sand, and 4.1 parts by weight of naphthalin water-sensitive material. Thereafter, the mixture was mixed with a mixer for 3 minutes while adding water such that the water was 46 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the yellow soil. The prepared mortar was poured into a 40 cm × 40 cm × 1 cm simulation member plate by shaking the simulation member plate from side to side, and then finished. After 5 hours standing, demolding was performed. Three specimens were made.

The changes of length, shrinkage and expansion were measured at 1 and 3 days of age, respectively, and cracks were observed at 3 days of age. Two and three microcracks, respectively, were found. On the 3rd and 7th day of aging, three specimens were cut out and the compressive strength test was performed according to KS F 5105. The average compressive strength was respectively 22.7kgf / cm ² and 58kgf / cm ^2. Detailed measurements are summarized in Table 2-2.

Example 8

100 parts by weight of pure ocher fine powder prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, 36 parts by weight of fine calcium oxide powder (manufactured by White Light Co., Ltd. of specific gravity), ultrafast cement (specific gravity: 2.2, compressive strength: 70 Mpa (7 days)) , Union Co., Ltd.} 13 parts by weight, Gyeongbuk Sangju natural sand (specific gravity: 2.59, assembly rate: 1.850 103 parts by weight, metakaolin {weight 2.5, Chemius Korea Co., Ltd.} 5 parts by weight and fluidizing agent {weight) : 0.6 ~ 0.7, KEUN INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD.} 5 parts by weight were mixed manually and then mixed with a mixer for 3 minutes while adding water so that the water / powder ratio was 25.5%. After pouring the prepared mortar by shaking from side to side to finish, it was allowed to stand, demolded after 5 hours, and three specimens were made.

The changes of length, shrinkage and expansion were measured at 1 and 3 days of age, respectively, and cracks were observed at 3 days of age. No significant contraction and expansion could be observed. Cracking could hardly be observed. On the 3rd and 7th day of aging, three specimens were cut out and the compressive strength test was performed according to KS F 5105. Average compressive strengths were 38.7kgf / cm ² and 80.7kgf / cm ² , respectively. Detailed measurements are summarized in Table 2-2.

Example 9

The same procedure as in Example 8 was carried out except that 21 parts by weight of the cemented carbide cement and 95 parts by weight of sand were used instead of 13 parts by weight of cemented carbide cement and 103 parts by weight of sand. No significant contraction and expansion could be observed. Cracking could hardly be observed. Compressive strength test was performed. Average compressive strengths were 62kgf / cm ² and 104kgf / cm ² , respectively. Detailed measurements are summarized in Table 2-2.

Example 10

The same procedure as in Example 8 was carried out except that 26 parts by weight of the cemented carbide cement and 89 parts by weight of sand were used instead of 13 parts by weight of cemented carbide cement and 103 parts by weight of sand. No significant contraction and expansion could be observed. Cracking could hardly be observed. Compressive strength test was performed. The average compressive strength was respectively 65.7kgf / cm ² and 111.7kgf / cm ^2. Detailed measurements are summarized in Table 2-4.

Example 11

The same procedure as in Example 8 was carried out except that 32 parts by weight of cemented carbide and 84 parts by weight of sand were used instead of 13 parts by weight of cemented carbide and 103 parts by weight of sand. No significant contraction and expansion could be observed. Cracking could hardly be observed. Compressive strength test was performed. The average compressive strength of each was 69kgf / cm ² to 122kgf / cm ^2. Detailed measurements are summarized in Table 2-2.

Example 12

The same procedure as in Example 8 was carried out except that 39 parts by weight of the cemented cement and 76 parts by weight of sand were used instead of 13 parts by weight of cemented carbide and 103 parts by weight of sand. No significant contraction and expansion could be observed. Cracking could hardly be observed. Compressive strength test was performed. The average compressive strength of each was 71kgf / cm ² and 132.7kgf / cm ^2. Detailed measurements are summarized in Table 2-2.

                               Table 2-2

Example

)3 days robbery (

) 7 days strength

) Comparative Example 9 (Pure Yellow Soil) Test piece 1 - ≤10 Test piece 2 - ≤13 Test piece 3 ≤11 Average   ≤11.3 Comparative Example 10 (Prior Art) Test piece 1 21 57 Test piece 2 25 52 Test piece 3 22 66 Average 22.7 58 100 parts of yellow clay + 36 parts by weight of calcium oxide + 5 parts by weight of metakaolin + 5 parts by weight of superfluid cement and sand Example 8 (13 parts by weight of super fast diameter + 103 parts by sand) Test piece 1 38 80 Test piece 2 40 82 Test piece 3 38 80 Average 38.7 80.7 Example 9 (21 parts by weight of super fast diameter + 95 parts by weight of sand) Test piece 1 65 106 Test piece 2 60 101 Test piece 3 61 104 Average 62 104 Example 10 (ultrafast diameter 26 weight part + sand 89 weight part) Test piece 1 66 110 Test piece 2 64 112 Test piece 3 67 113 Average 65.7 111.7 Example 11 (ultrafast diameter 32 parts by weight + sand 84 parts by weight) Test piece 1 70 120 Test piece 2 68 124 Test piece 3 69 122 Average 69 122 Example 12 (39 parts by weight of super fast diameter + 76 parts by weight of sand) Test piece 1 71 133 Test piece 2 72 131 Test piece 3 70 134 Average 71 132.7

을 만족하고 있고, 재령이 경과함에 따라 산화칼슘과 황토의 반응은 지속될 것이며, 메타카올린과 고성능유동화제의 장기강도의 발현으로 지속적인 압축강도가 증가할 것으로 판단된다. 또한 그림에서 7일 강도는 순수황토에 비하여 10~13배나 개선된 것으로 나타났다.Table 3 shows the aging compressive strength change graphs of Examples 9 to 12 on the 3rd and 7th days of age. Table 3 shows the high dynamic motor compressive strength of 80 NSK.

The reaction between calcium oxide and loess will continue as the age of age increases, and the compressive strength is expected to increase with the expression of long-term strength of metakaolin and high performance fluidizing agent. In addition, the 7-day strength was 10 to 13 times improved compared to pure loess.

Table 3

Other performance test

All test specimens were prepared from the ocher mortar composition of 100 parts by weight of loess of Example 9, 37 parts by weight of calcium oxide, 5 parts by weight of metakaolin, 21 parts by weight of cemented carbide, and 95 parts by weight of sand, and measured items were fluidity, pH, and slump. , Material separation resistance, far-infrared radiation performance, deodorization performance, antifungal test, specific heat and thermal conductivity, harmful element content (heavy metal) and formaldehyde measurement.

Liquidity measurement

To determine whether the pumping method can be used, center the flow mold in a 30 cm × 30 cm flow table, add 1/2 of the sample, squeeze it 20 times with a tamper, and make the other half the same. After lifting the flow mold for 25 seconds for 15 seconds, it was settled at a height of 1.27 cm, and the flow value was expressed as an average value by measuring four diameters at equal intervals to increase the average mortar diameter.

As a result of the flow test, when the water / powder ratio = 25.5%, the average diameter of 20.5cm was 20.5cm, 20.5cm, 20cm, and 20.5cm. It is over 19cm of mortar Japan standard value (NSK), and it has no aggregate separation and shows a smooth surface.The high flowability is expected to cause no problem in pumping. The flow rate was 11.7cm, 11.51cm, and 11.81m, showing a very low flow rate, and the tendency of aggregate separation was also seen (in Korea, there is no exact reference value for mortar material).

Material Separation Resistance Test

In order to test the separation of materials by pumping during high-rise construction, the separation of materials was investigated immediately after mixing and after pumping. 600g of the mixed samples were collected, 200g each was separated into the upper, middle, and lower portions, and washed with a # 100 sieve to examine the degree of material separation as the amount of sand remaining in the sieve. As a result, all samples taken immediately after mixing showed similar values, indicating that no material separation occurred. The results are summarized in Table 5.

Table 4

division   Immediately after mixing Pumping  after gun Sample amount Residual sand gun Sample amount Residual sand Top 200 g 70.4 g (97.8%) 200 g 69.3 g (96.3%) middle 200 g 70.8 g (98.3%) 200 g 70.1 g (97.4%) bottom 200 g 71.5 g (98.6%) 200 g 71.1 g (98.8%)

Slump test

In order to measure the flowability of mortar, the slump of the loess mortar was measured according to KS F 2401. The slump cone should be wiped with a wet mop and placed on a flat, damp, non-absorbent, rigid plate, and while the mortar is filled, the two scaffolds should stand and stand firmly in place. The collected concrete sample is immediately divided into three layers so that about one third of the volume of the slump cone is filled, and each layer is evenly spread throughout the section 25 times as compacted. After the work is finished, the specimen is sufficiently settled, and the slump is determined by calculating the difference between the height of the slump cone and the height of the specimen from the center of the specimen base in centimeters (0.5 cm precision). From 22% to 23% of water / powder ratio, the increase of slump value increased with increasing water / powder ratio, but the slump value tends to increase with a gentle slope in the range after 23%. A slump of 24 to 28 cm is shown at a water / powder ratio of 22 to 27%. It satisfies the slit value of the high-flow motor, and the water / powder ratio that does not cause bleeding and material separation resistance due to viscosity as well as fluidity is shown in 22 ~ 26% of formulation.

PH  Experiment

The change in pH according to the age of the ocher mortar prepared in Example 9 and the general cement mortar was measured and shown in Table 5 and Table 6, respectively. The ocher mortar of Example 9 shows that the pH decreases with time. It shows high PH due to the strong alkalinity of early calcium oxide, and then starts pozzolanic reaction between the soil and new binder as the age of age produces a dense and stable pozzolanic substance. It is analyzed that the pH decreases. The cement mortar showed strong alkalinity with a pH of 12.25 and strong alkalinity was maintained (Table 6).

Table 5

Ocher mortar of Example 9

Table 6

General cement mortar

Antifungal  Performance

For the ocher mortar prepared in Example 9 of the present invention, compared to the general gypsum board was carried out the anti-mildew performance in the Korea Institute of Construction Materials, and the results are as follows.

Use strain (using mixed strain)

Aspergillus niger ATCC 9642,

Penicillin pinophilum ATCC 11797,

Caetomium globosum ATCC 6205

Gliosiadium virens ATCC 9645

Aureobasidium pullulans ATCC 15233

Table 7

   Sample Name                    Culture test period     Remarks      1 week later     after 2 weeks      3 weeks later      4 weeks later  Ocher morter        0       0        0        0 High mold resistance   Gypsum board        One       2        3        4 Low Mildew Resistance

Evaluation method: Observe by visual observation and determine the result as follows.

0: Growth of bacteria is not recognized in the sample

1: Growth of bacteria in the sample was less than 10%

2: Growth of bacteria in the sample grew to 10-30%

3: Growth of bacteria in the sample grew to 30-60%

4: Growth of bacteria grew more than 60% in the sample

As a result of the experiment, it was shown that the growth of bacteria was not recognized in the ocher mortar. This proves that the occurrence of mildew in the material is low for the ocher mortar finish used inside the building. Therefore, when used as an interior finishing material of the ocher mortar, the resistance to the occurrence of mold is greatly expected.

Formaldehyde measurement

  This experiment was carried out by the desiccator method for the measurement of formaldehyde concentration at the Korea Institute of Construction Materials. The results were as follows.

Table 8. Formaldehyde Concentration Test Results

Test body Formaldehyde Dissipation (mg / L) Remarks 3 day mock edition 0.03 KS Standard (less than 0.05-1 grade) Korea Air Cleaning Association (less than 0.03-best) 7-day mock edition 0.02 KS Standard (less than 0.05-1 grade) Korea Air Cleaning Association (less than 0.03-best) The 28-day mock edition Not detected KS Standard (less than 0.05-1 grade) Korea Air Cleaning Association (less than 0.03-best)

It can be seen that the concentration of formaldehyde decreases over time, and the amount of formaldehyde is believed to be due to the use of a high performance fluidizing agent. Since glidants are naphthalene-based, they do not appear to occur after 28 days.

Far Infrared Radiation Performance Measurement

Far-infrared radiation performance test was conducted by Korea Institute of Construction Materials, and the following results were obtained. In the measurement of far-infrared emissivity, the radiation effect can be largely summarized as follows. First, it activates molecular movement of water to promote cellular movement of the human body, thereby enhancing vitality. Secondly, by resonating absorption, the molecular movement of the substance is strengthened to promote blood circulation. Third, the metabolic activity can be said to be active because it promotes blood circulation by strengthening capillary movement by the thermal effect. Therefore, the far-infrared emissivity of the ocher mortar of the present development is 91.3%, which is much larger than that of the existing cement mortar, and thus, various effects of the reported far-infrared rays may be exhibited.

Table 9. Far-infrared radiation performance test result

Test Items Test result Remarks Far infrared ray emission amount (40 ℃) Emissivity (5 ~ 20㎛) 0.913 Cement motor: 0.85 Gypsum board: 0.7 Radiation energy (W / ㎡)

3.68 ×

Deodorization Performance

The deodorization performance test was conducted by the Korea Institute of Construction Materials, and the results were as follows. Ocher mortar showed higher deodorization rate than the cement material in the initial deodorization rate (measured after 30 minutes) and the final deodorization rate (measured after 120 minutes). It can be seen that the ocher mortar has the ability to inhale indoor food odors and other odors, and it is expected to contribute to the creation of a pleasant air environment by using it as an interior finishing material.

Table 10. Deodorization performance test results

Test Items

)Deodorization test

) Elapsed time (minutes) Blank concentration Sample concentration (ppm) Deodorization rate (%) Remarks Test result 0 200 200 Cement 30 minutes: 54% 120 minutes 61% 30 176 31 82.4 60 169 24 85.8 90 152 19 87.5 120 145 16 89.0

Specific heat and thermal conductivity measurement

The specific heat and thermal conductivity of the loess mortar prepared in Example 9 was compared with the method described in Korean Patent Publication No. 10-0230569 (Comparative Example 10) and general cement and concrete. The result is as follows.

        Specific heat (cal / g ℃)        Thermal Conductivity (kcal / mh ℃)            Example 9           0.26            0.82            Comparative Example 10           0.21            1.12          Cement mortar           0.164            1.24            concrete           0.147            1.92

Containing harmful elements (heavy metal)

The test method for measuring the harmful element content in the Korea Environmental Testing Institute for the ocher mortar prepared in Example 9 is inductively coupled plasma luminescence analyzer after pre-treatment according to Technical Standard Publication No. 2004-81 (Annex 20) ( ICP-OES) was used and the results were as follows.

           Element Name             unit          Test result            Pb                mg / kg           Not detected           Cadmium (Cd)           Not detected            Chrome (Cr)           Not detected           Antimony (Sb)           Not detected            Arsenic (As)           Not detected           Mercury (Hg)           Not detected           Barium (Ba)           Not detected           Selenium (Se)           Not detected

According to the present invention, the ocher mortar powder composition and environmentally friendly, excellent workability and excellent strength can be easily mixed with water without losing the original characteristics of the ocher, thereby making it possible to economically manufacture the ocher mortar.

Claims (6)

A powder composition for ocher mortar consisting of 100 parts by weight of finely divided fresh soil having a particle diameter of 150 μm or less, 25 to 50 parts by weight of calcium oxide, 10 to 40 parts by weight of cemented carbide cement, and 50 to 150 parts by weight of sand. The powder composition for ocher mortar of claim 1, wherein the composition for ocher mortar further comprises 2 to 8 parts by weight of a powder fluidizing agent. The powder composition for ocher mortar of claim 2, wherein the composition for ocher mortar further comprises 2 to 8 parts by weight of metakaolin. According to claim 2, 100 parts by weight of finely divided fresh soil having a particle diameter of 50㎛ or less, 34 to 40 parts by weight of calcium oxide, 15 to 35 parts by weight cemented cement, 75 to 100 parts by sand and 2 to 8 parts by weight of a powder fluidizing agent Ocher mortar powder composition The powder composition for ocher mortar of claim 4, wherein the composition for ocher mortar further comprises 2 to 8 parts by weight of metakaolin. The ocher mortar mixed with the powder composition of any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising 75 to 150 parts by weight of water.

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