KR100477414B1 - How to increase crop yields using N- (phosphonomethyl) glycine and its derivatives - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a novel use of glyphosate or derivatives thereof to increase the yield and / or quality of crops resistant to glyphosate, selected from beet, feed beet, corn, oilseed rape and cotton. .

Description

A method for increasing crop yield using N- (phosphonomethyl) glycine and derivatives thereof.

The present invention relates to the novel use of glyphosate or N- (phosphonomethyl) glycine and its derivatives (e.g. salts and esters) as agents for increasing the yield of crops resistant to glyphosate.

Glyphosate is well known as an effective foliage activity (after germination) non-selective penetrating herbicide. Glyphosate is known to act on a variety of enzyme systems to prevent the formation of amino acids and other endogenous compounds in the treated plants. Since the acid form is relatively low in water solubility, glyphosate is mostly commercially available in the form of salts such as mono-isopropylammonium salts, ammonium salts, sodium salts and the like.

Well-known formulated products include active ingredients, surfactants or surfactant mixtures and other possible additives such as antifoams, antifreezes, dyes and other agents known in the art. See “The Herbicide Glyphosate. ", edited by E. Grossbard and D. Atkinson, Butterworth & Co, 1985].

U.S. Patent No. 3,853,530 describes the use of N- (phosphonomethyl) glycine and derivatives thereof to alter the natural growth and development of plants to defoliate or inhibit trophic growth. For certain plants, this inhibition is known to shorten the stem and increase the side branches. This change in natural growth or development causes plants to be small and lush, and these plants have often been proven to have increased resistance to drought and pest infestation. In the case of turf, the suppression of trophic growth is also highly desirable, thus enhancing root development to provide dense and tight turf and to increase the mowing intervals of lawns, golf courses and similar pastures. In the case of various types of plants, such as silage crops, potatoes, sugar cane, beets, grapes, melons and fruit trees, the suppression of nutrient growth by glyphosate increases the carbohydrate content of the plant at harvest. Became known. Obviously, less than lethal doses are required for such applications, because otherwise the treated plants die.

More particularly, US Pat. No. 3,988,142 describes the use of N- (phosphonomethyl) glycine and derivatives thereof to increase the accumulation of carbohydrates in plants such as sugar cane. The amount used is less than lethal and is applied immediately before harvest.

In the two examples mentioned above, glyphosate herbicides lead to reduced or inhibited nutritional growth, which is much less than the amount of non-fatal use, i. Follow the usual route according to where it exerts its herbicidal activity. In the case of US Pat. No. 3,988,142, inhibiting trophic growth is believed that many of the available carbohydrates of the plant are converted to starch or sucrose rather than being used as a plant nutrient for continued growth.

German Patent Publication No. 3 200 486 relates to improving the yield of a crop by treating the crop with an amount less than the lethal amount of phosphinothricin (glufosinate), an effective non-selective herbicide. In this document, it is also believed that inhibiting nutrient growth with herbicides in amounts less than lethal amounts increases carbohydrates in plants or their fruits. German Patent Publication No. 3 200 486 refers to glyphosate in a comparative example (Example II), which is intended to demonstrate that glufosinate is more effective than glyphosate at the same amount.

EP 0 401 407 relates to similar content. It uses less than lethal amounts of non-selective herbicides, in particular glyphosate and phosphinotresine, during the transition process from the material formation stage to the maturation stage of the plant, producing plants such as sugar or starch in addition to sugar cane, for example , Increasing carbohydrate accumulation in sugar beets, potatoes or corn.

WO 95/05082 describes a method for increasing the yield of crops resistant to glutamine synthetase inhibitors, such as phosphinothricin, by treating the crop with an amount of herbicide used to remove weeds in the crop sector. This is described. In addition, the document states that herbicides with different modes of action do not exhibit this effect or often adversely affect crop yields.

Recent developments in genetic technology have made it possible to genetically transform plants, especially crops, to confer resistance to glyphosate or derivatives thereof. For example, EP 0 218 571 describes a cloning vector or expression vector comprising a gene encoding an ESPSP polypeptide that, when expressed in a plant cell, confers glyphosate resistance to the plant regenerated from that cell. It is about. EP 0 293 358 also relates to enhancing the effect of glyphosate resistant plants by producing mutant EPSP synthase enzymes that retain catalytic activity while exhibiting low affinity for glyphosate. WO 92/00377 describes genes encoding glyphosate oxidoreductase enzymes. The genes are useful in breaking down glyphosate herbicides and producing transformed plants that are resistant to glyphosate herbicides. WO 92/04449 describes genes encoding a type II EPSPS enzyme useful for producing transformed plants resistant to glyphosate herbicides. After the germination of the crop, glyphosate herbicides can be applied to keep the crop substantially free of weeds. See, Chemical Abstracts, vol. 124, N. 8, 1996, see "Weeds" (1995), B.H. Wells, "Development of Glyphosate Tolerant Crops into the Market". The authors found that two methods can be used to confer resistance to glyphosate at commercial levels in several crops.

"Roundup Ready ^TM Sugar Beet," published in early 1996, published in the Proceedings Of The International Symposium On Weed and Crop Resistance to Herbicides, held April 3-6, 1995, I. Brants et al. Show that the resistance levels of commercial Roundup ^R products are obtained from genetically modified beet plants.

In accordance with the present invention, crops that are unexpectedly resistant to glyphosate herbicides, such as beet crops, oilseed rape, or arable lands for growing corn, typically have a lethal amount of glyphosate herbicide. It has been found that the yield of crops is increased when treated with or with glyphosate herbicides in amounts commonly used to remove weeds. This unexpected effect was not expected from the prior art because crops die in non-resistant crops, and phosphinothricin herbicides work completely different from glyphosate herbicides.

Chemical Abstracts, Vol 123, n ° 21, 1995, a summary of the literature by Delannay X, et al., Which assesses the yield of glyphosate resistant soybeans after treatment with glyphosate. N. 281158c. The authors of this document suggest that the trends of the data generally do not actually differ, and only changes to the extent that glyphosate is understood to be due to bad weather and / or soil conditions when compared to standard herbicides It appears that the overall yield is constant.

The aforementioned references [Weeds (1995), B.H. Wells describes that no significant yield reduction was observed when glyphosate was applied once or continuously in various crop stages. The lead line of glyphosate resistant cotton is known to show no yield reduction after glyphosate application. These assessments have been conducted to ascertain the outcome of genetic modification of related crops as long as resistance to the relevant herbicides is involved. No data on the possible increase in crop yield after glyphosate application was included in the above literature, and no teaching or suggestion could be found.

I. Brants et al., Cited above, describe three different glyphosate resistant beets characterized by three different transformations when treated several times with glyphosate compared to a standard. Average root weight (%) data for the week is shown, but one skilled in the art cannot infer an increase in beet yield from the data presented. This data is appropriately presented as resistance test data. The data presented do not represent an increase in the yield of sugarcane because tolerance assessments are not performed in the absence of weeds to allow weed competition in the standard plot. In addition, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the data presented are the initial data produced in a subregion rather than repeating in one place due to seed availability. In addition, these early seeds still contain differential seed material, resulting in irregular crop growth compared to the standard; As a result, the average root weight per plant (not per unit area) is calculated and compared with standards grown under different conditions. The only conclusion that can be inferred by those skilled in the art from the above literature is that three beet strains have been identified that exhibit a level of tolerance that can be developed commercially.

According to the invention, when glyphosate resistant crops such as beet crops, oilseed rape, corn or cotton are treated with up to about 50% glyphosate herbicide, the same crop is not treated with glyphosate herbicide. Tests have demonstrated that yields (ie yields per unit surface area) are increased more than if. The increase in yield is not believed to be due to the reduced competition between weeds and crops as a result of the application of glyphosate herbicides, as this result also occurs in crops grown under substantially weed-free conditions. In addition, no growth control effect was observed as understood in the recorded prior art: no transient inhibition of growth or other transient changes in the natural growth or development of the crop were observed.

Accordingly, the present invention relates to the use of glyphosate or derivatives thereof for increasing the yield of glyphosate resistant crops.

Preferably, glyphosate is applied in the usual lethal dose to control the weed group to remove the weeds simultaneously. Glyphosate herbicides may be applied to No. 1 or may be treated several times in succession. Generally, the amount applied is included in the acid equivalent of 0.2 to 6.0 kg / ha, depending on climatic conditions, season, degree of weed spread, weed growth stage as well as crops and other parameters known to those skilled in the art.

Glyphosate herbicides can be applied in their acid form or derivatives thereof, preferably as salts such as monoisopropylammonium salts, sodium salts or ammonium salts, or mixtures thereof. Other salts of glyphosate may also be used in which the cation itself is herbicidally active or not phytotoxic.

The yield-boosting effect of glyphosate herbicide treatment is independent of glyphosate-resistant crops selected from beets, corn, oilseed rape and cotton, such as beet or feed beet, regardless of the technique used to induce glyphosate resistance. Was observed.

This effect is particularly pronounced in glyphosate resistant beets and feed beets.

Glyphosate herbicides are, for example, in the form of their acids or derivatives thereof, of water-soluble or dispersible granules, diluted water-soluble concentrates in spray water, or other types of formulations such as emulsions, encapsulated active ingredients, and the like. It can be applied as.

Glyphosate herbicides may be applied once or continuously to different plant growth stages. The effect of glyphosate herbicide treatment on glyphosate resistant crops is most pronounced when treated at the growth stage of the relevant plant.

Adjuvants of such formulations are described in McCutcheon's Emulsifiers and Detergent, which can advantageously be selected from the following compounds:

Amines, for example ethoxylated alkyl amines, in particular tallow amines, cocoamines, surfactants sold under the trade name Ethomeen, and amine oxides, for example under the trade name Empigen 0B. Surfactants;

Quaternary ammonium salts, for example surfactants marketed under the ethoxylated and / or propoxylated quaternary ammonium salts, more particularly under the trade names Ethoquad, Emcol CC and Dodigen ;

Alkylpolyglycosides or alkylglycosides, glucose-esters and sucrose-esters.

Most preferred are quaternary ammonium salts as defined in EP 0 441 764, mixed with wetting agents, most preferably alkoxylated sorbitan esters. Surfactants or surfactant mixtures of this type do not exhibit significant phytotoxic effects on crops and are preferred because of their environmentally friendly properties.

Particularly advantageous quaternary ammonium salts are trimethyl ethoxypolyoxypropyl ammonium chloride.

Example 1

Beet plants genetically modified according to the technique described in EP 0 218 571, which are endowed with glyphosate resistance, are planted and hand-sewn at 4.5 cm intervals between plants in a single line by excellent farming methods. Allow crops to grow normally according to any randomized block design (zone size: 2.7 x 6 m; 6 rows per zone, 0.45 m line spacing). Repeat each test four times.

Where necessary and specified, the test zone remains substantially weed free by pre-germination herbicide application and by post-germination glyphosate treatment or officially accepted standard bit treatment (comparative) as detailed below. do.

Do the following:

1. Standard Beet Herbicide

2, 2 times the standard beet herbicide

3. Formulated glyphosate 3 × 720g a.e / ha

4. Formulated Glyphosate 3 × 1080g a.e / ha

5. Formulated Glyphosate 3 × 1440g a.e / ha

6. Formulated glyphosate 2 × 2160 g a.e / ha.

In the case of three consecutive application of glyphosate herbicides, the first is applied in the stage of 2 to 4 leaves of the crop, the second is in the stage of 6 to 8 leaves of the crop, and the third is the closing of the canal Apply at the stage of 10-12 leaves of the whole crop.

In the case of two consecutive applications, the first one is applied in the stage of 2 to 4 leaves of the crop, the second is performed in the stage of 10 to 12 leaves of the crop.

The glyphosate herbicide formulation consists of 360 g ae / l of glyphosate as isopropylammonium salt and 180 g of surfactant consisting of trimethyl ethoxypolyoxypropyl (8) ammonium chloride and ethoxylated (20) sorbitan ester (80:20) Include / l The glyphosate formulation is applied at a water volume of 200 l / ha at a pressure of 2 bar.

Measure new root weight at harvest. The new root weight after standard treatment 1 is considered 100% yield and the measured new root weight is compared with the result of standard treatment 1.

TABLE Ia

* Standard treatment includes three applications as follows:

TABLE Ib

* Standard treatment includes three applications as follows:

TABLE Ic

* Standard treatments include pre-emergence application and two post-emergence applications of officially accepted beet herbicides:

Example 2

The same test is repeated using glyphosate resistant feed bits (genetically transformed according to the same technique).

The standard treatment (*) of this test involves three applications as follows:

The same test is repeated in the same manner as above, except that the pre-germination herbicide treatment consisting of 1 kg / ha of Goltics® and 3 l / ha of betanal E (trade name) is applied throughout.

TABLE IIb

* The standard treatment of the test includes one application as follows:

Example 3

For this experiment, substantially the same protocol as in Example 1 and Example 2 is used.

Glyphosate-resistant beet plants were planted in early May 1995 under good farming practices. Weeds (untreated herbicides) by hand, or if necessary, glyphosate herbicides are applied to keep the zone substantially free of weeds. Glyphosate comprising glyphosate comprising 360 g / l of acid equivalent and 180 g / l of surfactant [composed of trimethylethoxypolyoxypropyl (8) ammonium chloride (80) and ethoxylated (20) sorbitan ester (20)] It is applied as a formulation of the isopropylammonium salt of cement.

T1 = 2-4 leaf stage (about 30 DAPs (Days After Planting)

T2 = steps 8 to 10 leaves (about 50 DAP)

T3 = 14-18 leaves stage (about 65 DAP)

Table IV below lists the average measurements of the new root weight in grams per plant of 180 DAP when the glyphosate formulations as described above were applied in multiple doses.

TABLE III

This experiment clearly shows that after several applications of glyphosate, the weight of the new roots increases at harvest. In addition, yields tend to increase as a function of applied glyphosate capacity.

In addition, the increase in yield translates to a correspondingly increased dry weight of the plant at harvest.

Example 4

The objectives of this experiment were to determine the quality of beet (transgenic sugar, invert sugar, sugar) and transgenic beets that were sprayed with glyphosate herbicide formulations. Comparisons are made in terms of the content of potassium, sodium, amino-nitrogen, nutrients (dry matter (%)), crude fiber and toxin content of beet root and upper samples).

Beet is mainly used in sugar industry to produce white sugar, pulp and molasses. The technical value of beets for this purpose is generally assessed by analyzing their content of sugars, potassium, sodium and amino-nitrogen. As for the toxic substances in the beet, saponins are monitored.

Manufacture of samples

After harvesting, the roots are stored at 0 ° C. to 10 ° C. and the top sample is frozen below −20 ° C.

The process of making bits into a brie is carried out by a semi-automatic process of cutting the bits into bit saws to make a brae. After homogenizing the bristle, one sample is used to analyze post-extraction polarization, invert sugar, Na, K and amino-N, and another sample to dry to analyze nutrients. A third portion of the same Bry sample is frozen to analyze the toxin. The debris is extracted using demineralized water with aluminum sulfate purification for clarification and transferred to an automatic Venema digestion and filtration plant. They are divided horizontally into identical samples to produce large bit tops.

Analysis method:

Dry-Oven Method (EF 71/393 / E0F; L279 / 7 p. 858-61 20 / 12-71):

Root:

After the roots are processed into bris, the bris samples are placed in an oven at 95 ° C. and dried for 24 hours (obtained to constant weight).

Top:

Depending on the size of the sample, the sample is dried to constant weight for up to 72 hours in an oven at 95 ° C.

Loss of weight is quantified for both root and top and calculated as% dry matter.

Crude fiber-Wende method (EF L 344 / 36-37 26 / 11-92 variant):

Samples are continuously treated with boiling solutions of sulfuric acid and potassium hydroxide at specific concentrations. The residue is separated by filtration on a Gosch crucible with glass wool, washed, dried, weighed and incinerated for 3 hours in a muffle oven at 550 ° C. The weight loss due to incineration is quantified by gravimetric analysis and the percentage of crude fibers in the sample is calculated.

Toxin: Saponin-HPLC method (Hilmer Sorensen, KVL 1991, modified by DC):

The method is based on acid hydrolysis of beet saponin. The free oleanolic acid is extracted with dichloromethane. Water is evaporated from the sample and then dissolved in the residue methanol. Oleanoic acid is calculated by reverse phase HPLC using acetonitrile / water as eluent and measured at 210 nm with a UV detector.

Sugar content of polar beet extract (Pol) (ICUMSA, Sugar Analysis 1979, Proc. 1900):

The beet extract cleared with aluminum sulfate is measured with a polarimeter type PROPOL based on the measurement of the optical rotation ratio. Light rotation is measured at 546 nm in a 70 mm long tube and converted to ° Z (POL%) or g / 100g roots.

Amino-nitrogen-SMAIIC Analyzer of Beet Extract (ICUMSA, Sugar Analysis 1979 Modifications):

The beet extract cleared with aluminum sulfate was measured with a colorimeter at 570 nm after the color reaction with ninhardin.

Potassium and sodium in beet extracts-SMAIIC analyzer (Technicon, Tech. Publ. THO-0160-10):

When the beet extract cleared with aluminum sulfate was measured with flash photometer IV, the intensity of light energy emitted by potassium and sodium in the flash was measured at 589 nm and 768 nm, respectively. The sample is diluted with lithium sulfate, where lithium is used as an internal standard to balance the signal from the scintillation photometer.

Per call of beet extract-SMAIIC Analyzer (Technicon, Tech. Publ. THO-0160-10):

The beet extract cleared with aluminum sulfate was reacted with a copper sulfate neokuproin hydrochloride reagent, and then measured by colorimetry at 560 nm.

Genetically transformed glyphosate resistant beet plants according to the technique described in European Patent Publication No. 0 218 571 for resistance to glyphosate herbicides (Atalia, Spain, Belgium, Denmark) , France, United Kingdom).

The type of growing variety depends on local requirements. The subject matter varies in many features, one important feature being the sugar content calculated by polarization (Pol). Beet can be divided into subgroups (E type, N type and Z type). E type is low Pol, Z type is high Pol, N type is between E and Z. Variants grown in northern Europe have features such as E-N, N or N-Z type. The material used in this experiment belongs to the N group.

Beetroot is planted according to good local farming methods and chopped by hand to allow crops to grow normally. Repeat at least once per test.

The zone is treated as follows to remain substantially weed free:

-Glyphosate herbicide application to test zones

Standard beet selective herbicide treatment (depending on region) in the control zone; The exception is that in Denmark and Italy, other herbicides besides glyphosate are not considered necessary to maintain weed freeness).

The glyphosate herbicide formulation is the same formulation used in Example 1. Herbicide glyphosate formulations are applied as follows:

-2.5ℓ / ha before germination

Step 2 l / ha with 2 to 4 true leaves of beet

Step 2 l / ha with 6 to 8 true leaves of beet

2 to 14 liters of beetle with 12 to 14 true leaves (water canal closed)

The selective herbicide ratio applied is as follows:

Spain:

3.55kg / ha Goltics WG (Metatron) before germination

Belgi:

2ℓ / ha Gramoson (Paraquat 200) before implantation

1 week after implantation of 3ℓ / ha pyramine FL (Chloridazone 430)

3 weeks after transplantation of 0.5ℓ / ha betanal (Penmedipal 150)

0.5 l / ha 3 weeks after bone tics (metamitron 70% WP) implantation

3 weeks after transplantation of 0.5ℓ / ha tramat (Etofumesate 200)

0.75ℓ / ha 5 weeks after graftics

0.75ℓ / ha 5 weeks after Begellux (mineral oil 40) implantation

5 weeks after 0.75ℓ / ha tramat implantation

0.75ℓ / ha 6 weeks after graftics

0.75ℓ / ha 6 weeks after Begellux implantation

0.17ℓ / ha 6 weeks after fusilade implantation

6 weeks after 0.75ℓ / ha beta blade implantation

9 weeks after 0.75ℓ / ha tramat implantation

9 weeks after 0.75ℓ / ha beta blade implantation

9 weeks after 0.75 ℓ / ha goltics implantation

0.75ℓ / ha 9 weeks after Begellux implantation

France:

0.75ℓ / ha 1 day post-Goltics WP (Metamitron) implantation

0.75ℓ / ha 2 weeks after Goltics WP implantation

2 weeks after implantation of 0.75ℓ / ha betanal (Penmedipal 150)

0.75ℓ / ha 2 weeks after tramat (Etofumesate 200) transplantation

England:

5 weeks after implantation of 1.0ℓ / ha Laser (cycloxydim)

The results of the analysis were collected and averaged in the following table, and all countries use the same weight to calculate the average.

Treatment: Glyphosate Herbicide Spray

Untreated: Do not spray glyphosate herbicide

DM: dry matter

The above data demonstrate that for beets treated with glyphosate herbicides, sodium, potassium, amino-nitrogen and invert sugars are reduced while exhibiting significantly higher sugar content in the roots. Dry matter at the root and top also increases. More detailed data suggests that the fiber content of beet leaves treated with glyphosate is high.

Correlating the results of the previous example with the results of this example, it can be seen that the yield increase (weight / ha) previously evaluated reflects the increase in dry matter, fiber and sugar content in the harvest material.

Example 5

Beet and feed beet plants genetically modified according to the technique described in EP 0 218 571, which are endowed with glyphosate resistance, with excellent agronomics at 4.5 cm intervals between plants. Plant and chop by hand, allowing crops to grow normally according to any compartment design (zone size: 2.7 × 7m; 6 rows per zone, 0.45m of line spacing). Repeat four times for each test.

Standard herbicides are applied before germination throughout, followed by hand weeding and, where appropriate, glyphosate treatment after germination, as specified below, to keep the test zone substantially free of weeds.

Do the following:

Weeding only by hand

Formulated Glyphosate 3 × 720 g a.e / ha

Formulated Glyphosate 3 × 1080 g a.e / ha

Formulated Glyphosate 3 × 1440g a.e / ha

Formulated glyphosate 2 × 2160 g a.e / ha.

In the case of three consecutive application of glyphosate herbicides, the first is carried out at the stage of 2 to 4 leaves of the crop, the second at a din system of 6 to 8 leaves of the crop, and the third to close the water canal It is carried out in a step of 10-12 leaves of the entire crop.

In the case of two consecutive applications, the first is carried out in a stage of 2 to 4 leaves of the crop, and the second is performed in a din system with 10 to 12 leaves of the crop.

The glyphosate herbicide formulation comprises 360 g ae / l of glyphosate as isopropylammonium salt and 180 g of surfactant consisting of trimethyl ethoxypolyoxypropyl (8) ammonium chloride and ethoxylated (20) sorbitan ester (80:20) / l. The glyphosate formulation is applied at a water volume of 200 l / ha at a pressure of 2 bar.

Measure new root weight at harvest. The new root weight of the only handed weeded area is reported as 100% yield and the new root weight measured after glyphosate treatment is compared with the result of the handed weeded area.

TABLE V

Yield (%) (new root weight)

Example 6

For field field applications, winter seedling rape plants with a genetic background modified genetically (according to the combined technique of EPSPS expression and glyphosate oxidoreductase expression) to exhibit glyphosate herbicide tolerance, Agronomically planted in mid-September 1995 with random compartment design (zone size: 3 × 7m, line spacing 0.14m) with 4 kg / ha of seed (normal crop cultivation) equivalent to about 100 plants per m ² ; Repeat 4 times per test.

The zone is applied with herbicides before germination throughout the standard, ie 1 day after sowing, 1.5 l of butyric acid (metazachlor), an additional 1 l for the standard zone; Post-germination glyphosate treatment then maintains the zone substantially free of weeds, as specified.

Glyphosate treatment is applied in the fall in plant growth stages B4-B5; The same formulation as used in Example 1 is used.

Harvested in early August, yields are estimated and expressed as tonnes / ha of grain (9% humidity). Table VI shows the yield (%) of the measured standard zones.

Table VI

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Example 7

The field field test was carried out similarly to the test of the previous example, except that the spring seedling rapeseed was sown (mid April 1996). The plants of known genetic background are made tolerant to glyphosate herbicides using the combination technique mentioned in Example 6.

1.5 liters / ha of butyric acid is applied throughout, the standard zone is handed, and the remaining zone is applied with glyphosate herbicide to keep the zone free of weeds. The same glyphosate formulation is applied one month after transplantation, ie, plant growth stages B3-B4. Harvest in mid-August.

Table VII shows the yield data (measured and described as in Example 6) as the percent yield of the standard zone.

TABLE VII

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Example 8

In addition, field field tests are performed in Italy to assess the increase in yield of glyphosate resistant corn crops after glyphosate herbicide application. Known corn plants genetically modified in glyphosate resistance according to a combination technique of EPSPS expression and glyphosate oxidoreductase expression are completely random to about 62,000 plants / ha (about 4.7 plants / m). According to the design of the compartment, four rows of 9m each are transplanted and grown in a 3 × 9m area, and then chopped by hand so that crops can grow normally in the same number throughout the entire area. The entire area, including the standard and test zones, is treated with Lasso Micromix (ie Alachlor 2016g and Terbutylazine 864g) at a rate of 6 l / ha. The standard zone is weeded by hand to remain weed free if necessary, and the test zone is treated with the same glyphosate formulation as in Example 1 at various stages of growth at various doses. Harvest is carried out for the middle length of 7 m of every two rows. Yield [grain tons / ha (15% humidity)] was measured and shown in the table as% yield (STD) of the standard.

TABLE XIIIa

% Yield per glyphosate treatment at 3 to 4 leaf stages

TABLE XIIIb

% Yield per glyphosate treatment at 5 to 6 leaf stages

Example 9

In addition, field field tests were performed according to the same protocol as in Example 1 to evaluate the effect of different formulations of glyphosate herbicide on yield increase. The transgenic crops are treated three times with glyphosate herbicides of 720 g a.e./ha and 1080 g a.e./ha, respectively.

TABLE IX

Yield (%)-new root weight

Roundup ^R :

Glyphosate isopropylammonium salt 360 g a.e./l

-180 g / l tallowamine amine surfactant

Solid Formulations:

Glyphosate sodium 430 g a.e./kg

Trimethyl ethoxypolyoxypropyl (8) ammonium chloride 160 g / kg

330 g / kg ammonium sulfate

Liquid Formulation: Same as used in Example 1.

This example shows a tendency to improve the function of formulations comprising environmentally friendly surfactants as defined.

Example 10

This example is carried out according to a similar method as described in Example 7 (spring oilseed rape) to assess the effect of glyphosate herbicides of different formulations. The test zone in this test is 1.5 × 10 m.

TABLE X

Yield [grain tons / ha (9% humidity)]

The yield obtained after treatment with roundup is considered 100%.

This example also confirms the superiority of the formulation used in Example 7.

Claims (10)

The crop is characterized in that the crop is selected from beets, feed beets, corn, rapeseed rape and cotton, which are resistant to glyphosate, and the glyphosate or derivatives thereof is applied to such crops in amounts usually lethal. To increase the yield. The method of claim 1 wherein the glyphosate or derivative thereof is applied at a typical lethal dose of 0.2 to 6.0 kg a.e./ha. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the glyphosate or derivative thereof is applied in a single treatment or in a continuous treatment. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the glyphosate derivative is a glyphosate salt comprising a monoisopropylammonium salt, ammonium salt or sodium salt of glyphosate or mixtures thereof. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the glyphosate or derivative thereof Amines including ethoxylated alkyl amines, tallow amines and cocoamines, and amine oxides, Quaternary ammonium salts, including ethoxy and quaternary ammonium salts, propoxylated quaternary ammonium salts, or mixtures thereof, and -Alkylpolyglycosides or mixtures with adjuvants selected from alkylglycosides, glucose- and sucrose-esters. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the yield of beet, oilseed rape, cotton or corn crops is resistant to glyphosate herbicides. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the yield, quality or both of the sugar beet or feed beet crops are increased. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the crop contains a gene encoding an EPSPS polypeptide. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the crop contains a gene encoding a glyphosate oxidoreductase enzyme. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the plant contains a gene encoding a type II EPSPS enzyme.