KR100194319B1 - Stereo camera - Google Patents

Abstract

[assignment]

In the Leprex type stereo camera, the left and right images can be viewed with a single finder to improve visibility and operability.

[Resolution]

The prism 11 provided above the focusing plate 9.10 of the stereo camera 1 is a hybrid prism in which two left and right inverted prisms are integrally formed. The inner half of each of the left and right inverted images on the focusing plates 9 and 10 are inverted left and right by the prism 11, and the outside 1 of the photographing range of the left lens 5 is on the left side of the center projection surface of the prism 11. A straight top of / 2 is projected, and a straight top of the outer 1/2 of the photographing range of the right lens 4 is projected on the right side to be combined into one screen.

Description

Stereo camera

1 is a front view of the stereo camera according to claim 1.

2 shows a prism, (a) is a rear view, (b) is a top view, (c) is a front view, (d) is a bottom view, (e) is an AA diagram of (b), and (f) is Side view.

3 is an explanatory diagram showing the relation between the prism size and the focus plate pitch.

4 is a perspective view of the prism shown in FIG.

5 shows another embodiment of the prism, (a) is a plan view, (b) is a front view, (c) is a bottom view, (d) is a rear view, (e) is an AA diagram of (b), (f) is a side view.

6 is a perspective view of the prism shown in FIG.

7 is a bottom view of a stereo camera, showing another embodiment of claim 1 of the claims.

FIG. 8 shows the prism of the stereo camera shown in FIG. 7, wherein (a) is a top view, (b) is a front view, (c) is a bottom view, (d) is a rear view, and (e) is (b) ) AA diagram, (f) is a side view.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing the arrangement of the prism and the Leprex mirror of the stereo camera shown in FIG.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing the arrangement of the prism and the leprex mirror of the stereo camera shown in FIG.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing another embodiment of the stereo camera shown in FIG. 7, showing the arrangement of the prism and the leprex mirror. FIG.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory view of the shooting range and finder field of the stereo camera shown in FIG.

13 is a front view of a stereo camera according to claim 2;

FIG. 14 is an explanatory view showing a relationship between a focus adjustment mechanism of a stereo camera of claim 2 and distance adjustment between a center of a lens; FIG.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory view showing a relationship between focus adjustment of a stereo camera of claim 2 and distance adjustment between a center of a lens; FIG.

Fig. 16 (a) is an explanatory diagram showing a finder image of a subject, and (b) (c) (d) respectively.

Fig. 17 (a), (b) and (c) are explanatory views each showing a finder image of a subject.

18 is a front view of a film showing an exposure screen layout of a stereo camera.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1: stereo camera 3: slide frame

4, 5: lens 6: focus dial

9, 10: focusing plate 11, 21: prism

12 eyepiece 31 stereo camera

32, 33: Leprex Mirror 34: Prism

51: stereo camera 54, 55: lens board

56: feed screw 57: cam shaft

58: cam 61: adjustment knob.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a stereo camera and, more particularly, to a reflex type stereo camera with improved finder.

2. Description of the Related Art [0002] A conventional Leprex stereo camera is known in which one camera body is equipped with an optical system of two systems of a single eye Leprex camera. The Fender of the Leprex stereo camera is useful for the Fender Prism of the single-lens Leprex camera. However, as the Fender Prism is precisely processed, the manufacturing cost is extremely high, and the stereo camera using two fentaprisms is used. Caused by the high price.

In addition, the structure of seeing the image of the binder with two eyes by arranging two finders in parallel cannot be said to be easy to see. Especially, two optical systems are limited due to the size of the lens outer diameter and the size of the lens mount mechanism. In a stereo camera whose pitch is greater than or equal to the distance between human eyes (approximately 63.5 mm), it is difficult to see two finders simultaneously.

Therefore, either one of them often takes a picture while looking at one of the pointers, and the screen confirmation of the other one is neglected, resulting in delayed shooting of obstacles on one screen or by rain or dust on one lens.

Here, the technical problem to be solved to reduce the cost by improving the visibility and operability, and at the same time simplifying the construction of the left and right to view the image of the focus plate with one finder, the present invention The aim is to solve these problems.

The present invention proposes to achieve the above object, and mounts the optical system of a single-lens Leprex camera consisting of a lens, a Leprex mirror, and a prism in one camera body on both left and right systems, and includes a Leprex mirror and a prism. In a Leprex-type stereo camera in which the incident image of the left and right lenses is observed through the camera, the images of the outer half of the photographing range of the left and right lenses are symmetrically inverted left and right, and one straight line It is to provide a stereo camera characterized by providing a composite prism for synthesizing normal, so that the outer half of the shooting range of the left and right lenses can be observed with one eye.

It is formed to adjust the distance between the centers of the left and right lenses, and a linkage mechanism is provided between the focusing mechanism and the center distance adjusting mechanism of the lens so that the shooting range of the left and right lenses at the focal length is always matched. It is to provide a stereo camera formed to be.

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows the stereo camera 1 of claim 1, wherein the sliding body 3 is freely flavored before and after the slide frame 3 is attached to the camera body 2, and the two lenses 4 are provided on the front surface of the slide frame 3. , 5) is fitted. The slide frame 3 can adjust the focus of the lenses 4 and 5 by moving the focus adjustment dial 6 back and forth through an adjustment mechanism (not shown) such as a feed screw mechanism or a cam mechanism.

Light rays entering through the lenses 4 and 5 are reflected upward by the Leprex mirrors 7 and 8 to form an image on the focusing plates 9 and 10. Above the focus plates 9 and 10, a compound prism 11 is disposed so that the image on the left and right focus plates can be viewed through the eyepiece 12.

13 is a shutter button, and a focal-lens shutter (not shown) is provided behind the leprex mirrors 7 and 8. FIG. The center pitch of the lenses 4 and 5 is preferably about 63.5 mm, which is the distance between two eyes of a human.

The prism 11 is formed of optical resin or optical glass as a material and integrally forms two systems of total reflection prisms in a symmetrical manner, and as shown in FIG. 2, two 180-degree reflective prism portions 14L, It is a shape which joined the 90 degree reflective prism parts 15L and 15R which inject light rays from a lower side into each outer 1/2 of the incident surface of 14R). Incidentally, the incident surfaces of 1/2 of the 180 degree reflective prism portions 14L and 14R constitute one continuous projection surface 16.

As shown in FIG. 3, the vertex pitch P2 of the 180 degree reflective prism portions 14L and 14R of the prism 11 is 1/2 of the central pitch P ₁ of the left and right exposure screens. The width W is slightly wider than the screen pitch P1.

As shown in FIG. 4, the prism 11 has the incident surfaces of the left and right 90 degree reflective prism portions 15L and 15R facing the inner half of the focus plates 9 and 10 on the left and right focus plates. The light rays incident on the reflective prism portions 15L and 15R from the lower side are totally reflected three times and emerge horizontally from the projection surface 16.

The inverted images of the inverted left and right lines passing through the lenses 4 and 5 are inverted up and down by the Leprex mirrors 7 and 8 so that the images of the focus plates 9 and 10 are immediately left and right inverted images, and the left and right focus images are inverted. The half screens of the plates 9 and 10, i.e., each half of the photographing range of the left and right lenses 4 and 5, are symmetrically inverted left and right by the prism 11. Therefore, a straight line of the outer half of the shooting range of the left lens 5 is projected on the left half of the projection surface 16 of the prism 11, and the right one of the projection surface 16 is projected. The normal of straight 1/2 of the outside of the photographing range of the right lens 4 is projected on / 2 so that one screen is combined. The focusing plates 9 and 10 need not be the same size as the screen, but may be the same or slightly larger as the incident surface of the prism 11 which is roughly 1/2 of the screen size.

5 and 6 show another embodiment of the prism, the prism 21 being opposite to the prism 11 shown in FIG. 2 to the left and right of the 90 degree reflective prism portion 22 in the center. 2 is a shape in which the inner half of the projection surface of the 180 degree reflective prism portions 23L and 23R is bonded to each other, but the optical mechanism that reflects the light three times before the prism 11 shown in FIG. The vertex pitch and the full width of the 180 degree reflective prism portions 23L and 23R are also the same as the prism 11.

As shown in FIG. 6, the focal plates 9 and 10 on the left and right sides of the 180 degree prism portions 23L and 23R of the prism 21 provided on the focal plates 9 and 10 are respectively half-incidence planes. The images of the inner half of each incident are incident and reflected three times before by the reflecting surfaces RP1, RP2, and RP3, and are combined into one screen by the left and right half screens on the central projection surface 24. As soon as it is normal, it is projected.

In addition, the focus plates 9 and 10 may be omitted as the focal plane on the frosted glass by matting the incidence surfaces facing the leprex mirrors 7 and 8 of the prisms 11 and 21. Further, aluminum or the like may be deposited on the reflecting surfaces RP1, RP2, and RP3 of the prisms 11, 21, and 34 to form a mirror surface.

7 to 10 show another embodiment, wherein the focusing mechanism of the stereo camera 31 shown in FIG. 7 is the same as that of the stereo camera of FIG. 1, but the finer mechanism rotates in the horizontal direction. It consists of the prism 34 inserted between the rex mirrors 32 and 33 and the left and right leprex mirrors.

As shown in FIG. 8, the prism 34 reflects 90 degrees to each of the left and right half of the lower incident surface of the 180 degree reflective prism portion 35 which displaces the optical paths of the incident light and the reflected light in the vertical direction. Incident surfaces of the prism portions 36L and 36R are vertical surfaces facing outward. 9, the full width W of the prism 34 is 1/2 of the central pitch P ₁ of the left and right exposure screens of the stereo camera.

The vertical Leprex mirrors 32 and 33 disposed on the left and right sides of the prism 34 rotate in the horizontal direction with the pivots 32a and 33a shown in FIG. It rotates in the lateral direction of the prism 34 from the 45 degree | time atmospheric position with respect to the main body, and is withdrawn from the optical path which connects the lens 4 and 5 and a film surface.

When the vertical leprex mirrors 32 and 33 are in the standby position, the images of the outer half of each of the photographing ranges of the left and right lenses 4 and 5 are reversed left and right by the leprex mirrors 32 and 33, and the prism It enters the 90 degree reflective prism parts 36L and 36R of 34. As shown to FIG. The reflecting surface RP1 and the 180 degree reflecting prism portions RP2 and RP3 of the 90 degree reflecting prism portions 36L and 36R as shown in FIG. 10 are reflected three times before the 180 degree reflecting prism portion 35. The aerial image synthesized by the straight top of the outer half of the shooting range of the left lens 5 and the straight top of the outer half of the shooting range of the right lens 4 on the upper projection surface 37 (空中 像) appears.

In this stereo camera 31, since the prism 34 is inserted between the left and right exposure screens, the height dimension of the camera can be significantly reduced. In addition, when the mating process is performed on the incident surfaces of the 90-degree reflective prism portions 36L and 36R of the prism 34 to form a focal plane, focusing can be performed by observing the actual image formed on the focal plane and focusing becomes easy.

FIG. 11 shows another embodiment of the stereo camera 31, in which an exposed surface is arranged so that another screen is arranged two-comma (one screen) between the left and right pairs of screens P1L and P1R on the film.

In this case, since the vertical leprex mirrors 32 and 33 are disposed at positions away from the sides of the prism 34, the focus plate between the leprex mirrors 32 and 33 and the prism 34 as shown in the figure. Placing condensing lenses 40, 41 behind 38, 39 makes the image of the brighter brighter and easier to see.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 12, the left and right lenses 4 and 5 of the stereo cameras 1 and 31 are infinitely far in parallel so that the photographing ranges are parallel and the center axis is positioned at the center of the exposure screen region. By looking at the composite image synthesized by the outer half of each field of view of the lenses 4 and 5, the width of the photographing range is the same as the center pitch P ₁ of the lens 4 and 5 and the left and right exposure screens. Towards the center the central area is out of view. However, the range that cannot be blown with the eyes is a narrow line, and there are few subjects hidden and hidden in this range except for close-up photography. Also, shake the stereo camera horizontally so you can see all the subjects in the shooting range, so there is no inconvenience in shooting.

FIG. 13 shows the stereo camera 51 of claim 2, and is equipped with a slide frame 53 which is free to slide back and forth with respect to the camera body 52 similarly to the stereo camera 1 described above. A pair of lens boards 54 and 55 are symmetrically mounted on the front surface of the slide frame 53 and the lenses 4 and 5 are mounted to the lens boards 54 and 55. In addition, above the focus plates 9 and 10, the prism 11 or 21 and the eyepiece 12 are arranged similarly to the stereo camera 1 of FIG. The left and right lens boards 54 and 55 have a structure in which the left and right slides are freely mounted to the slide frame 53 and the distance between the lens boards 54 and 55 is symmetrically expanded by the feed screw mechanism. have.

FIG. 14 shows a focus adjusting mechanism and a distance adjusting mechanism between the centers of the lens. The feed screw 56 installed in the horizontal direction in front of the slide frame 53 has a left screw 56a formed on the left side and a right screw on the right side. 56b is formed. The female screw 54a of the left lens board 54 is gathered by the left screw 56a, and the female screw part 55a of the right lens board 55 is gathered by the right screw 56b. The center pitches of the left and right lenses 4 and 5 can be moved within a predetermined range of the approaching direction of the lens at a position where the center pitch of the left and right lenses 4 and 5 becomes the same as the left and right exposure surface pitch P ₁ .

Moreover, the cam shaft 57 is hold | maintained at the back of the slide frame 53, and the focus adjustment cam 58 is fitted in the both ends of the cam shaft 57. As shown in FIG. The slide frame 53 is urged to the rear (upper in FIG. 14) by a spring (not shown), and the cam 58 is press-contacted to the cam receiving surface of the camera body 52 so that the cam shaft 57 The slide frame 53 slides back and forth according to the rotation.

The feed screw 56 and the cam shaft 57 are connected by the flat differentials 59 and 60, and the lens boards 54 and 55 are rotated when the adjusting knob 61 installed at one end of the feed screw 56 is rotated. The slide frame 53 is linked to adjust the distance between the focus and the center of the lens.

FIG. 15 shows the relationship between the focal point and the center distance of the lens. Assuming that the lens is one thin lens,

Focal Length of Lens ··············

Distance from the subject to the main point of the lens ... L

Distance from the focal length of the lens to the imaging position

In other words, Δif = f ₂ / (Lf), the distance between the main point of the lens and the film surface is f + Δif.

If the shift amounts S1 of the left and right lenses for matching the shooting range from side to side are set to the pitch P ₁ of the left and right exposure surfaces of the stereo camera,

_{S1 = (P 1/2)} × (f + △ if) / (L + f + △ if)

As the distance L from the subject to the main point of the lens decreases, the left and right lenses may be moved in the approaching directions by the shift amount S1 calculated by the above equation.

Therefore, for the lens boards 54 and 55 which move in proportion to the rotation angle of the adjusting knob 61, the cam screw 58 has a relation satisfying the above equation by the pitch of the feed screw 56 and the shape of the cam 58. In the slide frame 53 having the moving means 58 as the photographing distance, the output of the slide frame 53 increases exponentially in proportion to the photographing distance so that the photographing range on the left and right is the same regardless of the photographing distance.

Therefore, regardless of the shooting distance, the parallax of the subject is automatically corrected so that the subject at the confocal position is photographed at almost the same position on the left and right screens, and the film is mounted on the stereo slide mound. There is almost no need to correct the parallax by adjusting the pitch. In addition, the non-overlapping portions of the left and right screens to be shielded by the slide mound window can be reduced to create a stereo slide with low screen loss.

In addition, the entire movable portion including the lenses 4 and 5, the lens boards 54 and 55, and the slide frame 53 other than the camera body 52 shown in FIG. 14 is unitized to form a lens unit interchangeable. Lens units of various focal lengths in which the pitch of the feed screw and the cam shape are designed in accordance with the focal length of the lens can be used.

In the above-described stereo camera 51, the state of parallax correction can be confirmed by looking into the eyepiece 12. Fig. 16 (a) shows the subject and (b) (c) (d) shows the image of the subject, and when the subject shown in (a) is positioned at the center of the screen by rotating the stereo camera horizontally, When the focus is in focus, the subject is positioned at the intersection of the left and right prism fields, and as shown in (b), the subject looks in an actual shape. When the subject is far away from the crooked focus position, i.e., the intersection of the left and right prism fields, the width is wider as shown in (c), and when the subject is farther away, a double image divided into left and right. On the other hand, when the subject is located at a short distance from the intersection of the left and right prism fields, the portion that enters the center blind spot is masked as described above, and the width is narrow as shown in (d). In this way, by rotating the adjustment knob 61 so that the near-distinct subject in the finder image is seen in the actual shape, the parallax can be properly taken in a corrected state.

Also, depending on the subject, parallax correction and adjustment may not be easy. Especially, if the subject is on a vertical line or horizontal line, it is difficult to determine the condition of the focus and parallax. If it is inclined, it is easy to check the focus adjustment state visually.

FIG. 17 shows a facer image in which the stereo camera is inclined to the left and right from the horizontal posture. In the confocal state, the linear object is shown continuously as shown in FIG. 17 (a), but far from the confocal position. As shown in (b), the left and right images move in the direction away from each other and the linear subject is divided in the center. In the case of near-field from the focusing position, the left and right subjects approach, so in this case, it is possible to easily determine whether the linear subject is divided in the center and suitability for focusing and parallax correction.

In the above-described stereo camera 1 of claim 1, there is a portion where the visual field does not overlap on the outside of the left and right photographing screens, and this non-overlapping portion is masked by the window frame of the stereo slide mound as is conventionally performed. It becomes. In addition, since the parallax is corrected in conjunction with the focus adjustment, the stereo camera 51 of claim 2 hardly generates a non-overlapping portion on the left and right screens, but the main subject focused on the near field subject in the foreground. When photographing in a state where parallax correction is insufficient, it is sometimes necessary to correct parallax by masking the outer sides of the left and right photographing films at the same time as in the conventional case.

FIG. 18 shows the screen layout of the proposed stereo camera in consideration of the characteristics of the stereo camera which requires parallax correction at the time of the above-mentioned mount. The exposure screen is arranged so that the screen is photographed while the recognized screen is in contact without forming a gap between P). As a result, the effective screen area is enlarged to the maximum with a limited screen pitch. In addition, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but for example, the finder configuration of the stereo camera shown in FIGS. 7 to 11 is applied to the stereo camera 51 of FIG. Various modifications and changes can be made within the technical scope, and it is natural that the present invention affects these modifications and changes.

As described above, since the stereo camera of the present invention can observe the synthesized screen by connecting each 1/2 of the left and right screens with one finder, it is possible to see and confirm more than the form seen through one finder. Excellent operability In addition, the manufacturing cost of the binder is reduced compared to a stereo camera equipped with two conventional fender prisms, contributing to the low cost of the Leprex stereo camera.

In addition, in the stereo camera according to claim 2, it is possible to determine whether or not parallax correction and focus adjustment is performed by a binder image, so that the screen loss can be suppressed in advance and the image can be taken in a state where the optimal stereo effect can be exhibited.

Claims (2)

Leprex-type stereo camera that mounts two optical systems of a single-eye Leprex camera consisting of a lens, a Leprex mirror, and a prism in one camera body, and observes incident images of the left and right lenses through the Leprex mirror and prism. In the above, the composite prism for synthesizing one straight line by symmetrically inverting the screens of the outer 1/2 of the photographing range of the left and right lenses and synthesizing one straight line is provided. Stereo camera, characterized in that formed so that 2 can be observed with one eye. The method of claim 1, wherein the distance between the centers of the left and right lenses can be freely adjusted, interlocking mechanisms are installed between the focusing mechanism and the distance adjusting mechanism between the centers of the lenses, and the left and right lens photographing ranges are always matched at the focal length. Stereo camera, characterized in that formed to.