JPS6390366A - Build-up welding method to shaft end - Google Patents
Build-up welding method to shaft endInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6390366A JPS6390366A JP23278486A JP23278486A JPS6390366A JP S6390366 A JPS6390366 A JP S6390366A JP 23278486 A JP23278486 A JP 23278486A JP 23278486 A JP23278486 A JP 23278486A JP S6390366 A JPS6390366 A JP S6390366A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- welding
- current
- molten metal
- magnetic field
- blowholes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 23
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910001347 Stellite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- AHICWQREWHDHHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium;cobalt;iron;manganese;methane;molybdenum;nickel;silicon;tungsten Chemical compound C.[Si].[Cr].[Mn].[Fe].[Co].[Ni].[Mo].[W] AHICWQREWHDHHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005552 hardfacing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Arc Welding Control (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は各種内燃機関（ガソリン、ディーゼルエンジン
など）や、タービン等に用いられる弁等の軸端に硬化肉
盛材等の溶接を行う方法に関する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a method for welding hardfacing material, etc. to the shaft end of a valve, etc. used in various internal combustion engines (gasoline, diesel engines, etc.), turbines, etc. Regarding.
第４図に従来の硬化肉盛溶接方法の一例を示す。 FIG. 4 shows an example of a conventional hardfacing welding method.
軸端への肉盛溶接を行う場合、軸０１を垂直にクランプ
し上部から自動ＴＩＧ溶接方法やプラズマ粉体肉盛溶接
方法によりステライト等の硬化肉盛溶接０２が行われて
いる。When overlay welding is performed on the shaft end, the shaft 01 is clamped vertically and hard overlay welding 02 of stellite or the like is performed from above using an automatic TIG welding method or a plasma powder overlay welding method.
更に以前は端部に焼入性の良い材料を摩擦溶接等により
接合して熱処理（焼入れ）により軸端を硬化していた。Furthermore, in the past, a material with good hardenability was joined to the end by friction welding or the like, and the shaft end was hardened by heat treatment (quenching).
使用条件が厳しくなり、要求硬さが上昇すると共にコス
ト低減が要求され、焼入れ方法からステライト等の硬化
肉盛方法へ変える必要が生じた。As usage conditions became stricter, required hardness increased and cost reduction was required, it became necessary to change from hardening method to hardfacing method such as Stellite.
しかし、従来の肉盛溶接方法では第５図に示すように（
ａ）図ではビード形状不良１２による肉盛厚さの不足や
、同（ｂ）図ではブローホール１３等の溶接欠陥による
表面傷の問題が改善できなかった。したがって、不良率
が大きく、実用化が困難であった。However, in the conventional overlay welding method, as shown in Figure 5 (
In the figure (a), the problem of insufficient build-up thickness due to defective bead shape 12, and in the figure (b), the problem of surface scratches due to welding defects such as blowholes 13 could not be improved. Therefore, the defective rate was high and it was difficult to put it into practical use.
本発明は上記問題点を解決するだめに、溶接トーチ先端
に励磁コイルを設けて交流矩形波電流を流して生じた交
番磁場と、溶接電流によって発生したローレンツ力によ
り溶融金属を撹拌するものである。すなわち、軸端にス
テライト等の硬化肉盛材を溶接する方法であって、同軸
端を冷却手段を設けたクランプで保持し、 ＴＩＧ溶接
トーチ又は移行性プラズマアーク溶接トーチの先端に設
けた励磁コイルに交流電流及び直流電流を流し、溶融金
属を交番又は一方向に撹拌しながら溶接することを特徴
とする軸端への肉盛溶接方法を提供するものである。In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an excitation coil at the tip of a welding torch and agitates molten metal using an alternating magnetic field generated by passing an alternating current square wave current and a Lorentz force generated by the welding current. . That is, it is a method of welding a hardfacing material such as Stellite to the shaft end, the coaxial end is held with a clamp equipped with a cooling means, and an excitation coil is installed at the tip of a TIG welding torch or transitional plasma arc welding torch. The present invention provides a method for overlaying a shaft end, which is characterized in that alternating current and direct current are passed through the shaft, and the molten metal is welded while being stirred alternately or in one direction.
本発明の軸端への肉盛溶接方法は上記のような溶接方法
となるので、溶融金属を撹拌することにより、ピード形
状の偏平化やガス浮上効果によりビード形状不良やブロ
ーホール等の溶接欠陥を防止することが可能となる肉盛
溶接方法である。Since the overlay welding method of the present invention to the shaft end is the welding method described above, by stirring the molten metal, the bead shape becomes flattened and the gas floating effect causes welding defects such as poor bead shape and blowholes. This is an overlay welding method that makes it possible to prevent this.
以下９本発明を図面に示す実施例に基づいて具体的に説
明する。第１図は本発明の一実施例に係る軸端への肉盛
溶接方法に適用される装置の概念図。第２図は本実施例
に係る磁気撹拌の作動原理図。第３図は本実施例に係る
アンダーカット、ブローホール防止に磁場強度と磁場周
波数の影響試験の結果を示すグラフである。以下にその
説明をする。Hereinafter, nine embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described based on embodiments shown in the drawings. FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of an apparatus applied to a method of overlaying a shaft end according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the operating principle of magnetic stirring according to this embodiment. FIG. 3 is a graph showing the results of a test on the influence of magnetic field strength and magnetic field frequency on undercut and blowhole prevention according to this embodiment. The explanation is below.
第１図において、冷却水１６で水冷された銅製等のクラ
ンプ１１で垂直に保持された軸１の端を対象に、 ＴＩ
Ｇ溶接トーチ先端に設けた励磁コイル１４により発生し
た交番磁場によりステライト等の溶接金属２の撹拌を行
う。なお、 ＴＩＯ溶接の場合に溶接材料３はワイヤと
して送給ローラ４で一定速度でアーク６中へ送給される
。In FIG. 1, the TI
Weld metal 2 such as stellite is stirred by an alternating magnetic field generated by an excitation coil 14 provided at the tip of a G welding torch. In the case of TIO welding, the welding material 3 is fed as a wire into the arc 6 by a feed roller 4 at a constant speed.
また、クランプ１１は過熱による溶は落ちや溶接電流を
放射性に流すようにするために軸１の端部をつかむ。Further, the clamp 11 grips the end of the shaft 1 in order to prevent melting caused by overheating and to allow the welding current to flow radioactively.
第２図は、磁気撹拌の作動原理を示したもので、直流溶
接電流と交流矩形波電流によって生じる交番磁場により
生じるローレンツ力で溶融金属を撹拌するもので、励磁
電流■の場合、磁界は溶融金属の上から下に向って通る
。ここで電極から母材へ流れる電流は溶融池中心から放
射状に流れると見なせる。したがって、溶融金属には左
回りのローレンツ力が働く。逆に励磁電流がｅの場合、
磁界は下から上に向って通る。Figure 2 shows the operating principle of magnetic stirring. Molten metal is stirred by the Lorentz force generated by an alternating magnetic field generated by a DC welding current and an AC square wave current. In the case of excitation current ■, the magnetic field is Passes from top to bottom of the metal. Here, the current flowing from the electrode to the base metal can be considered to flow radially from the center of the molten pool. Therefore, a counterclockwise Lorentz force acts on the molten metal. Conversely, if the exciting current is e,
The magnetic field passes from bottom to top.
したがって、ローレンツ力は右回りに生じる。Therefore, the Lorentz force occurs clockwise.
これを繰返すことによって効果的な撹拌でビード形状不
良やブローホール等の溶接欠陥を防止すると共に、溶接
金属の結晶粒微細化や組織の均一性を図ることが可能と
なる。By repeating this process, effective stirring can prevent welding defects such as poor bead shape and blowholes, and it is also possible to refine the crystal grains and uniformity of the structure of the weld metal.
下表にＴＩＧ溶接を対象とした従来方法と新方法の溶接
条件及び溶接品質の比較の一例を示すが、新方法の場合
１３０ Ｇ ＋ ５Ｉ（ｚ の磁気撹拌によりアンダ
ーカットや偏肉、ブローホール等の溶接欠陥のない良好
な溶接が得られた。The table below shows an example of a comparison of welding conditions and welding quality between the conventional method and the new method for TIG welding. Good welding was obtained without any welding defects such as.
なお、磁気撹拌条件については、溶融金属の物性（比重
、粘性など）によって若干変化するが、ステライトの場
合を第５図に示すアンダーカットやブローホール防止に
及ぼす磁場強度と磁場周波数の影響から分かるように、
第３図に示した磁場強度１００〜２００Ｇ、磁場周波数
３〜１０Ｈｚの適正域が枠囲みに存在する。The magnetic stirring conditions will vary slightly depending on the physical properties of the molten metal (specific gravity, viscosity, etc.), but this can be seen from the effects of magnetic field strength and magnetic field frequency on preventing undercuts and blowholes in the case of stellite, as shown in Figure 5. like,
The appropriate range of magnetic field strength of 100 to 200 G and magnetic field frequency of 3 to 10 Hz shown in FIG. 3 exists within the box.
以上のように、溶接方法としてはＴｒＧ溶接を対象に記
載したが、移行性プラズマアークを用いるプラズマ粉体
肉盛溶接法にも適用することができる。As mentioned above, although TrG welding has been described as a welding method, it can also be applied to a plasma powder build-up welding method using a transitional plasma arc.
以上具体的に説明したように９本発明においては溶接ト
ーチに設けた励磁コイルによる交番磁場により、肉盛溶
接金属を撹拌することでピード形状偏平化やガス浮上効
果が生じ、ブローホールやビード形状不良等の溶接欠陥
を防止すると共に、溶接金属の結晶粒微細化や組織の均
一化が図れ、軸端肉盛溶接部の品質向上に大きな効果が
得られる。As specifically explained above, in the present invention, the overlay weld metal is stirred by the alternating magnetic field generated by the excitation coil provided in the welding torch, resulting in flattening of the bead shape and gas floating effect, resulting in blowholes and bead shapes. In addition to preventing welding defects such as defects, it is possible to refine the grains of the weld metal and make the structure uniform, which has a great effect on improving the quality of the shaft end overlay weld.
第１図は本発明の一実施例に係る軸端への肉盛溶接方法
に適用される装置の概念図、第２図は本実施例に係る磁
気撹拌の作動原理図、第３図は本実施例に係るアンダー
カット、ブローホール防止に磁場強度と磁場周波数の影
響試験の結果を示すグラフ、第４図は従来の硬化肉盛溶
接方法の装置の概念図、第５図は従来の溶接方法に係る
（ａ）図はビード形状不良を示す説明図。
同（ｂ）図はブローホール発生例を示す説明図である。
１・・・軸、２・・・溶接金属、３・・・溶接ワイヤ、
４・・・送給ローラ、５・・・モータ、６・・・アーク
、７・・・’を極、８・・・シールドノズル、９・・・
シールドガス。
１０・・・直流溶接電源、１１・・・クランプ、１４・
・・励磁コイル、１５・・・交流矩形波電流、１６・・
・冷却水。Fig. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a device applied to a method of overlaying a shaft end according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a diagram of the operating principle of magnetic stirring according to this embodiment, and Fig. 3 is a diagram of the present invention. A graph showing the results of a test on the influence of magnetic field strength and magnetic field frequency on preventing undercuts and blowholes according to the example. Figure 4 is a conceptual diagram of the device for the conventional hardfacing welding method. Figure 5 is the conventional welding method. (a) is an explanatory diagram showing a defective bead shape. FIG. 6B is an explanatory diagram showing an example of blowhole occurrence. 1... Shaft, 2... Welding metal, 3... Welding wire,
4... Feeding roller, 5... Motor, 6... Arc, 7...' pole, 8... Shield nozzle, 9...
Shielding gas. 10... DC welding power source, 11... Clamp, 14.
...Exciting coil, 15...AC square wave current, 16...
·Cooling water.
Claims (1)
て、同軸端を冷却手段を設けたクランプで保持し、ＴＩ
Ｇ溶接トーチ又は移行性プラズマアーク溶接トーチの先
端に設けた励磁コイルに交流電流及び直流電流を流し、
溶融金属を交番又は一方的に撹拌しながら溶接すること
を特徴とする軸端への肉盛溶接方法。A method of welding a hardfacing material such as Stellite to the shaft end, the coaxial end is held with a clamp equipped with a cooling means, and the TI
Applying alternating current and direct current to the excitation coil provided at the tip of the G welding torch or transitional plasma arc welding torch,
A method for overlaying a shaft end by welding while stirring molten metal alternately or unilaterally.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23278486A JPH0645065B2 (en) | 1986-09-30 | 1986-09-30 | Overlay welding method on shaft end |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23278486A JPH0645065B2 (en) | 1986-09-30 | 1986-09-30 | Overlay welding method on shaft end |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6390366A true JPS6390366A (en) | 1988-04-21 |
| JPH0645065B2 JPH0645065B2 (en) | 1994-06-15 |
Family
ID=16944686
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23278486A Expired - Lifetime JPH0645065B2 (en) | 1986-09-30 | 1986-09-30 | Overlay welding method on shaft end |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0645065B2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1281467A2 (en) * | 2001-08-01 | 2003-02-05 | ROLLS-ROYCE plc | Apparatus and method for forming a body |
| KR100460991B1 (en) * | 1998-12-29 | 2005-05-04 | 주식회사 포스코 | Method of preventing of penetration defect in HFRW joint |
| JP2006009052A (en) * | 2004-06-22 | 2006-01-12 | Okano Valve Mfg Co | Corrosion prevention method |
-
1986
- 1986-09-30 JP JP23278486A patent/JPH0645065B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100460991B1 (en) * | 1998-12-29 | 2005-05-04 | 주식회사 포스코 | Method of preventing of penetration defect in HFRW joint |
| EP1281467A2 (en) * | 2001-08-01 | 2003-02-05 | ROLLS-ROYCE plc | Apparatus and method for forming a body |
| EP1281467A3 (en) * | 2001-08-01 | 2004-10-20 | ROLLS-ROYCE plc | Apparatus and method for forming a body |
| JP2006009052A (en) * | 2004-06-22 | 2006-01-12 | Okano Valve Mfg Co | Corrosion prevention method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0645065B2 (en) | 1994-06-15 |
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