JPS6315416B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an excavator for excavating roads, etc., and in particular, it is possible to narrow the turning range of the excavator during excavation work so as to prevent it from interfering with other work. This invention relates to an excavator that can prevent other vehicles from blocking the progress of other vehicles by monopolizing the road.

[Conventional technology]

Conventional excavation work will be explained with reference to FIG. 1. FIG. 1 shows a trench 4 being dug by an excavator 1 along one lane of a road. In this figure, excavation work is carried out on only one of two lanes, and the excavator 1 occupies only the width of one lane, and moves its arm 2 up and down to move the shovel 3 attached to the tip of the arm 2. is dug into the road surface and trenches 4 are excavated.

In this work, the earth and sand excavated by the bucket cart 3 must be transferred to the loading platform of the truck 5 waiting behind the excavator 1 by rotating the arm 2. Further, when digging the trenches 4 one after another, the excavator 1 must be moved backward (in the direction of arrow Z) to prevent the excavator 1 from falling into the trench 4.

In such excavation work, the arm 2 and bucket 3 must be rotated in order to transfer the excavated earth and sand, but since the center of rotation is the point X, which is the center of the excavator 1, the arm 2 and bucket 3 must be rotated. The turning radius of the bucket 3 falls within the range indicated by Y in the figure. Therefore, while the arm 2 is rotating, its operating range is expanded to include other lanes where excavation is not performed.

For this reason, in conventional excavation work, the progress of vehicles in normal lanes where trenches 4 are not dug is completely stopped, or the progress of vehicles is temporarily stopped only when the arm 2 turns, thereby preventing accidents. I was preventing it from happening. However, this conventional method completely or temporarily stops the operation of vehicles in other lanes that have not been excavated, which stagnates the flow of vehicles, which is undesirable from both the operational economics and the road monopoly standpoint. It wasn't something.

Due to these inconveniences, JP-A-57 No. 66238 and JP-A-Sho No. 1 have already been proposed by the same inventor.
Excavators such as No. 127036 that can rotate on two axes have also been proposed. In these new excavators, a rotary body that can swing in a fan shape is pivoted on the upper part of the vehicle body at a position offset to one side, and the excavation mechanism is mounted on the top of the tip of this rotary body so that it can swing freely. The structure is placed on the An interlocking mechanism is interposed between the rotary body and the excavation mechanism so that both rotate in opposite directions.

In this excavation mechanism, the rotating body swings in a fan shape at the top of the vehicle body, and its tip moves from the front to the rear of the vehicle body. The excavation mechanism will then oscillate in the opposite direction in conjunction with the oscillation of this rotating body, allowing the excavation mechanism to move from front to rear within the width of the vehicle body while reversing its direction. . Therefore, the excavation mechanism does not protrude from the side of the vehicle body, and earth and sand can be transported within the width of one lane.

However, with this configuration, both the rotating body and the excavation mechanism swing in a fan shape within a range of 120 to 150 degrees, and they slide relative to the vehicle body. For this reason, many parts wear out during long-term use, and parts need to be replaced during periodic inspections. In addition, since a heavy excavation mechanism is mounted on the tip of the swinging rotating body, a large force is applied to the pivoting support of the rotating body, which requires a strong pivoting mechanism. Ta.

For this reason, the rocking motion of the heavy excavation mechanism and the earth and sand is more like a reciprocating motion, and is not suitable for long-term use.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks, the present invention has a structure in which a swivel base that can fully rotate is provided in the center of the vehicle body, and a work platform is provided at a position eccentric from the center of rotation on the swivel base so that it can fully rotate with respect to the swivel base. . and,
To provide an excavator capable of keeping the rotation range of an excavating mechanism fixed to the workbench within the range of the width of the vehicle body by synchronously rotating the swivel platform and the workbench in opposite directions using a drive mechanism. .

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention provides a movable vehicle body, a swivel base that is pivotally supported so that the center of rotation is aligned with approximately the center of the upper surface of the vehicle body, and it can fully turn horizontally;
This worktable is rotatably supported so that it can rotate completely horizontally with its center of rotation separated from the center of rotation of the swivel, and the rotation of the swivel and the rotation of the workbench are synchronized at a fixed ratio. It consists of a drive mechanism that controls the rotation of both in the opposite direction, and an excavation mechanism that includes a bucket fixed on the workbench. To provide an excavation mechanism which is rotated in the opposite direction in synchronization with the rotation and moved from one side of a vehicle body to the other without the excavation mechanism protruding outside the range of the width of the vehicle body.

[Effect]

In this excavator, the swivel table placed on the car body and the work table placed on the swivel table can rotate freely in the horizontal direction and all around the circumference, and the excavation mechanism has two degrees of freedom relative to the vehicle body. The work table and the swivel table are interlocked at a constant ratio by a drive mechanism, and are controlled so that their rotation directions are opposite to each other. Therefore, when the swivel base is rotated relative to the vehicle body, the work platform placed on the swivel base rotates in the opposite direction to the swivel base, and when the work platform passes one side of the vehicle body, the work platform placed on the swivel base rotates in the opposite direction. The excavation mechanism mounted on the platform will move close to the opposite side of the vehicle body. In this way, the excavation mechanism does not protrude from the side of the vehicle body, passes over the top surface of the vehicle body within the range of the width of the vehicle body, and can be moved from the front of the vehicle body toward the rear. Therefore, when performing excavation work using this excavator, the excavation mechanism does not protrude from the side of the vehicle body, thereby preventing obstruction to the passage of other vehicles.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below.

Here, FIG. 2 is a side view of this embodiment, FIG. 3 is a front view, and FIG. 4 is a plan view.

This excavator is self-propelled, and wheels 11 are pivotally supported at the four corners of both sides of a flat car body 10, and between each pair of wheels 11 on each side of the car body 10, there are track pillars (tracks). ) 12 is wound around. An annular support plate 13 is fixed to the center of the upper surface of the vehicle body 10.
A swivel table 14 having a modified octagonal shape is rotatably supported horizontally on the top so that it can rotate completely. The center of rotation of this support plate 13 is aligned with the center of the vehicle body 10.

The swivel base 14 has a planar shape with each vertex of an equilateral triangle cut out, and at the rear of the swivel base 14 (on the left side in FIGS. 2 and 4) and above, along the periphery of the swivel base 14,
Engine 15, fuel tank 16, hydraulic oil tank 1
7 are connected and placed and fixed. In addition, swivel base 1
A hydraulic motor 18 is fixed on the upper surface of the swivel table 14 at a position slightly closer to the fuel tank 16 than the center of rotation of the swivel base 14, with its drive shaft facing downward. A ring-shaped holding plate 19 is mounted and fixed at the front of the upper part of this swivel table 14 (right side in FIGS. 2 and 4), and the central axis of the above-mentioned support plate 13 and this holding plate It is horizontally offset from the center axis of 19, and both are positioned parallel to each other. A circular workbench 20 is rotatably supported on the holding plate 19, and a support 21 is fixed vertically on the workbench 20. Connectors 22 are fixed to 21 at intervals above and below. A base end body 26 is connected between the connectors 22, and a dogleg-shaped boom 27 is connected to the base end body 26 so as to be able to swing up and down, and an arm is attached to the tip of the boom 27. 28 are connected to each other so as to be swingable, and a bucket 29 is attached to the tip of the arm 28.
are connected so that they can swing freely. And the proximal body 26
and the center of the boom 27, between the center of the boom 27 and the end of the arm 28, and between the arm 28 and the bucket 29, there are hydraulic cylinders 30, 3, respectively.
1 and 32 are interposed. The boom 27, arm 28, bucket 29, etc. constitute an excavation mechanism 47.

Further, a passenger platform 23 made of a steel plate folded into an L-shape is fixed to one end of the base body 26, and a seat 24 and a control box 25 are fixed to the passenger platform 23.

Next, FIG. 5 shows the turning mechanism in this embodiment in detail, and corresponds to the sectional view taken along the line A--A in FIG. 4.

On the support plate 13 mentioned above, the outer shape is approximately that of the support plate 1.
3, a circular driving gear 33 with a tooth profile cut and formed on the inner circumference is fixed, and this driving gear 33
An annular slider 35 is rotatably fitted on the outer periphery of the slider 35 via a bearing 34.
The swivel base 14 is mounted and fixed on the upper surface of the slider 35, and the swivel base 14 is mounted on the drive gear 3.
It can be rotated around 3 in all circumferential directions. A pinion 37 is attached to the output shaft 36 of the hydraulic motor 18, and the tooth surface of the pinion 37 meshes with the inner tooth surface of the driving gear 33.
Further, an L-shaped shaft support piece 38 is located on the lower surface of the swivel base 14 and on the inner periphery of the driving gear 33.
It is fixed at 4. This shaft support piece 38 and the swivel base 14
are provided with bearings 39 and 40, respectively, and an intermediate shaft 41 is pivotally supported by both bearings 39 and 40, and this intermediate shaft 41 penetrates the upper and lower surfaces of the swivel base 14. A pinion 42 is fixed between the shaft support piece 38 of the intermediate shaft 41 and the swivel base 14, and this pinion 42 meshes with the inner peripheral tooth surface of the drive gear 33. Further, on the holding plate 19, a ring-shaped shaft support 43 having substantially the same shape as the holding plate 19 is fixed. Match with
A driven gear 45 having an annular shape and having tooth profiles cut on its inner periphery is fitted, and a bearing 44 is interposed between the shaft support 43 and the driven gear 45. The above-mentioned workbench 20 is connected to this driven gear 4.
The workbench 20 is placed and fixed on the upper surface of the shaft support 43, and the workbench 20 rotates about the central axis of the shaft support 43 as its center of rotation. Further, a pinion 46 is fixed to the upper end of the intermediate shaft 41, and this pinion 46
is meshed with the inner peripheral tooth surface of the driven gear 45.

In addition, FIG. 6 is a perspective view in which the rotating portion of this turning mechanism is separated, and FIG. 7 is a plan view showing the positional relationship of the rotating members same as above.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained.

The work of moving the bucket 29 up and down to excavate roads and the ground is a conventionally known operation, and when the operator sitting on the seat 24 operates the control box 25, each hydraulic cylinder 30, 31, 32
This is done by cooperating with. This bucket 29
The earth and sand excavated by lifting the bucket 29 horizontally as shown in FIG.
In this state, the bucket cart 29 can be turned to the rear of the vehicle body 10 to be moved to a rear truck or the like.

When hydraulic pressure is supplied to the hydraulic motor 18, the output shaft 36 rotates, a pinion 37 fixed to the output shaft 36 transmits the internal tooth surface of the drive gear 33, and the slider 35 is rotated along the outer periphery of the drive gear 33. As a result, the swivel base 14 fixed to the slider 35 rotates about the central axis of the drive gear 33. Since the intermediate shaft 41 is pivotally supported on the swivel base 14, when the swivel base 14 rotates, the pinion 42 is rolled along the internal tooth surface of the drive gear 33, and the pinion 42, the intermediate shaft 41, and the connected The pinion 46 is rotated in proportion to the amount of rotation of the rotating base 14. As this pinion 46 is driven and rotates, the pinion 46
The driven gear 45 meshed with the rotation base 14 is rotated around the shaft support 43, and the driven gear 45 rotates along the inner circumference of the shaft support 43 in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the swivel base 14. . For this reason, the workbench 20 and the excavation mechanism 47 are placed and fixed on the upper part of the driven gear 45.
rotates in the opposite direction to the swivel base 14, and the boom 27, arm 28, and bucket 29 protruding from the base body 26 are located above the swivel base 14 from the base body 26 to the rear of the engine 15. car body 1
The bucket 29 does not protrude to the side of the vehicle 0, but instead goes toward the rear of the vehicle body 10.

In other words, the excavation mechanism 47 receives the movements of the turning table 14 and the work table 20 in the opposite direction, and turns doubly while shifting its center of rotation. When the excavation mechanism 47 moves from the front to the rear of the vehicle body 10, it always passes above the swivel base 14 and rotates, and the excavation mechanism 47 is moved within the minimum range so as not to protrude to the side of the vehicle body 10. It can be rotated.

〔effect〕

Since the present invention is configured as described above, the excavating mechanism of the excavator can be moved from the front to the rear while being eccentric to the side of the vehicle body as much as possible, and the excavating mechanism can be prevented from protruding from the side of the vehicle body. do not have. Therefore, the road can be used exclusively for excavation work without causing any trouble to vehicles traveling on other lanes, and the road can be used efficiently. Furthermore, even if the road is approximately the same width as the excavator's body, the bucket and the like do not protrude from the sides of the excavator's body, making it possible to proceed with work even in narrow conditions surrounded by walls on both sides. Further, since the rotating part is supported by a relatively large rotating contact member, the driving support part suffers little wear even after long-term use, and stable operation can be achieved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing conventional excavation work, FIG. 2 is a side view showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a front view of the same, FIG. 4 is a plan view of the same, and FIG. A sectional view taken along arrow A-A in FIG. 4 showing the turning mechanism in detail;
FIG. 6 is an exploded view showing the configuration of the turning mechanism as described above, and FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing the arrangement of the turning mechanism. 10...Vehicle body, 14...Swivel table, 20...Working platform, 47...Drilling mechanism.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A movable vehicle body, a swivel base that is pivoted so that the center of rotation coincides with approximately the center of the top surface of the vehicle body, and the center of rotation can be rotated completely horizontally, and The workbench is rotatably supported so that it can be separated and fully rotated horizontally, and the rotation of the swivel table and the rotation of the workbench are synchronized at a fixed ratio, and the rotations of both are controlled in opposite directions. It consists of a drive mechanism and an excavation mechanism including a bucket fixed on a workbench, which rotates the swivel table horizontally on the vehicle body, and rotates the workbench in the opposite direction in synchronization with the rotation of the swivel table,
An excavator characterized in that the excavating mechanism can be moved from one side of the vehicle body to the other without protruding outside the range of the width of the vehicle body.