JPS6218755B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to a lubricating device for a refrigerant compressor.

A refrigerant compressor sucks and compresses the refrigerant flowing through the refrigeration circuit, which is equipped with a condenser to condense and liquefy the refrigerant, an evaporator to vaporize the liquefied refrigerant, and sends it out again to the refrigeration circuit. . This refrigerant compressor includes various sliding members in order to perform its functions, and the lubricating oil for lubricating the sliding members is dispersed in the refrigerant in the form of mist. In many cases, the refrigerant adheres to each sliding member and acts as a lubricant while moving with the movement of the refrigerant. Conventionally, the lubricating oil dispersed in the refrigerant is passed through a refrigeration circuit together with the refrigerant without providing any special means for separating it, or a separator for separating the lubricating oil is installed in the discharge circuit. The lubricating oil separated by this separator was returned to the suction circuit. The former case is particularly common in small fluorocarbon-based refrigerant compressors, etc., and as a mist of lubricating oil flows through the refrigeration circuit together with the refrigerant, the lubricating oil adhering to the circuit walls, etc., creates pipe resistance to the refrigerant flow. In addition, the lubricating oil adhering to the capacitor, evaporator, etc. provided in the circuit forms an oil film, which lowers the heat transfer coefficient and, in turn, reduces the cooling effect. In addition, in the latter case, a mechanism for separating the lubricating oil in the discharge circuit and an oil return mechanism for returning the separated lubricating oil to the suction circuit are required, which inevitably makes the entire device large-scale. I didn't get it.

Therefore, it is known that a separator is provided in the discharge chamber that accommodates the refrigerant compressed and discharged in the cylinder of the compressor, and the lubricating oil separated by the separator is supplied to each sliding member. However, the lubricating oil separated in this manner has a high temperature because the temperature of the refrigerant in the discharge chamber, which is accommodated through the compression process, is high. Therefore, the viscosity of the lubricating oil is also low, and the lubricating effect is low. Moreover, since this lubricating device supplies this low-viscosity lubricating oil as it is to each sliding part, it does not provide the expected level of lubrication. It had the disadvantage of not being effective.

The present invention was made based on the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a lubricating device for a refrigerant compressor that separates lubricating oil inside the refrigerant compressor and supplies it to each sliding member as a lubricating oil with high lubrication effect. and
The gist of this is that in a refrigerant compressor that sucks and compresses refrigerant flowing through a refrigeration circuit and sends it out again to the refrigeration circuit, lubricating oil is dispersed in the refrigerant gas in the path of the discharged refrigerant gas inside the compressor. A separation chamber is provided to separate the lubricating oil, and the lubricating oil separated in the separation chamber is led to the suction passage in the compressor through an oil guide hole, brought into direct contact with the suction refrigerant, and cooled by the cooling action of the suction refrigerant. This cooled lubricating oil is supplied to each sliding part of the compressor.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a case in which the present invention is applied to a swash plate compressor suitable for a refrigeration device such as an air conditioner will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, 2a and 2b are front and rear cylinder blocks, and the compressor main body 50 is constructed by combining two symmetrical cylinder blocks 2a and 2b. are doing. Three cylinder bores 4 are formed in each cylinder block 2a, 2b, and a double-headed piston 20 is slidably fitted into these cylinder bores 4. The shaft 16 is inserted through the center hole of the compressor main body 50 and is rotatably supported by bearings 21 and 24. This shaft 16
A swash plate 17 is fixed to the center of the swash plate 17, and when the swash plate 17 is rotated by the shaft 16,
The piston 20 is made to reciprocate within the cylinder bore 4 via two pairs of shoes 18 and a ball 19.

A front housing 13 is disposed on the end face of the front cylinder block 2a with a suction valve seat 51, a front valve plate 52, and a gasket 53 interposed therebetween, and a suction valve seat 54, Rear valve plate 55 and gasket 5
A rear housing 14 is disposed with the cylinder 6 in between, and the front housing 13 and the rear housing 14 are integrally connected together with the cylinder blocks 2a, 2b, etc. 57 is a shaft seal.

A discharge flange 1 is fixed to the upper part of the cylinder blocks 2a, 2b, and one separation chamber 3 is provided inside the discharge flange 1 on each of the front side and the rear side. This separation chamber 3 is communicated with a discharge passage 6 through which the refrigerant discharged into the discharge chamber 5 after being compressed in the cylinder bore 4 flows, so that the discharged refrigerant is guided to the separation chamber 3. . A filter 7 configured in a three-dimensional rope shape is installed in this separation chamber 3, and removes the lubricating oil contained in the refrigerant that flows through the discharge passage 6 and is guided into the separation chamber 3 in the form of a mist. The refrigerant and the lubricating oil are separated by being attached to the filter 7. The lubricating oil adhering to the filter 7 is dripped and collected into an oil reservoir 8 formed in the separation chamber 3. At the bottom of the oil reservoir 8, an oil equalizing hole 25 is provided to communicate the two oil reservoirs 8 in order to maintain an equal level of lubricating oil collected in the front and rear oil reservoirs 8. .

The refrigerant separated from the lubricating oil by the filter 7 is supplied to a refrigerant circuit (not shown) via a discharge port (not shown) formed in communication with the separation chamber 3 and a discharge pipe 26.

The bottom of the oil sump 8 and the suction passage 11 through which the suction refrigerant sucked from the refrigeration circuit flows through the suction pipe 10 and the suction port 11A are communicated through a small hole 12 as an oil guide hole. The lubricating oil collected in the oil sump 8 is guided to the suction passage 11.
The lubricating oil collected in the oil sump 8 is under high pressure on the upper surface due to the compressed and discharged refrigerant, and therefore the lubricating oil in the oil sump 8 flows through the small hole 12 to the suction passage 11 side where the pressure is relatively low. The refrigerant is sprayed and dispersed into the suction refrigerant through the opening of the refrigerant, and is cooled by the low temperature suction refrigerant. The refrigerant containing the cooled atomized lubricating oil and flowing through the suction passage 11 is guided to a suction chamber 15 formed in the front housing 13 and the rear housing 14. The refrigerant introduced into the suction chamber 15 is passed through the piston 20
The refrigerant is sucked into the cylinder bore 4 by the suction effect caused by the reciprocating motion of the refrigerant, and at this time, the lubricating oil contained in the refrigerant is deposited on the sliding surfaces of the piston 20 and the cylinder.
The refrigerant compressed within the cylinder bore 4 is then discharged into the discharge chamber 5.

A portion of the refrigerant flowing through the suction passage 11 is also introduced into the swash plate chamber 9 through the opening 60 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and carries lubricating oil into the swash plate chamber 9. This lubricating oil
8, ball 19, bearing 21, shaft 16
etc., adheres to the sliding surfaces of each sliding member included in the swash plate chamber 9 and lubricates them. A portion of the lubricating oil in the refrigerant contained in the swash plate chamber moves along the circumferential surface of the shaft 16 along with the refrigerant flow, and is sent to the suction chamber 15 while lubricating the shaft 16 and the bearing 24. The remaining lubricating oil contained in the refrigerant in the swash plate chamber 9 and the lubricating oil attached to each sliding member are removed from the swash plate chamber 9.
It is guided to the oil pan 23 by the refrigerant flow flowing therein, and a part of it accumulates in this oil pan 23.
The remaining portion is led to the suction chamber 15 through the communication passages 61 and 62, and sent to the discharge chamber 5 via the cylinder bore 4 together with the lubricating oil that has reached the suction chamber 15 along the circumferential surface of the shaft 16.

The lubricating oil thus sent to the discharge chamber 5 together with the refrigerant flows through the discharge passage 6 and reaches the separation chamber 3, where it is separated from the refrigerant again and sent to the suction passage 11 where it is cooled, and is then cooled inside the compressor. One cycle of the lubricating oil lubrication circuit at is completed.

In such a lubricating device, lubricating oil in the refrigerant is separated in a separation chamber 3 provided in a flange 1 that is a part of the discharge refrigerant passage in the compressor, and is also atomized into the suction passage 11. And, the lubricating oil dispersed in the suction refrigerant in this way is due to the fact that the temperature of the suction refrigerant itself is very low, and furthermore, the lubricating oil is in the form of fine particles and its total surface area is extremely large. Because of this, the suction refrigerant is very effectively cooled, and its lubricating effect is therefore significantly enhanced when it is supplied to each sliding member.

Incidentally, in place of the separation chamber 3 of the above embodiment, a separation chamber having a similar configuration may be provided in the discharge chamber 5 or the discharge passage 6.

As described in detail above, the present invention provides a separation chamber for separating lubricating oil contained in the refrigerant in the form of mist in the discharge refrigerant passage in the refrigerant compressor, such as in the discharge chamber and inside the discharge flange of the discharge passage. Therefore, unlike conventional compressor lubrication systems, there is no need to install a special lubricating oil separator outside the compressor such as the discharge circuit, and there is no need to install a special lubricating oil separator outside the compressor such as in the discharge circuit. It has an extremely simple structure that does not require a special lubricating oil return mechanism, and the separated lubricating oil is guided into the suction passage and brought into direct contact with the suction refrigerant, and the cooling effect of the suction refrigerant creates high viscosity. Since the lubricant is supplied to each sliding part in the compressor after the lubricant has been lubricated, it has an excellent effect of significantly increasing the lubricating effect.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a front cross-sectional view of a swash plate refrigerant compressor including a lubricating device according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. FIG. 1: Discharge flange, 2: Cylinder block,
3: Separation chamber, 4: Cylinder bore, 5: Discharge chamber,
6: Discharge passage, 7: Filter, 8: Oil reservoir, 9: Swash plate chamber, 10: Suction pipe, 11: Suction passage, 12: Small hole (oil guide hole), 13: Front housing, 1
4: Rear housing, 15: Suction chamber, 16: Shaft, 17: Swash plate, 20: Piston, 21,2
4: Bearing, 25: Oil equalizing hole.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a refrigerant compressor that sucks and compresses refrigerant flowing through a refrigeration circuit and sends it out again to the refrigeration circuit, a discharge passage communicating with a discharge chamber in the compressor and a discharge pipe connected to the refrigeration circuit are connected to the discharge refrigerant. An oil guide hole connected through a separation chamber for separating lubricating oil contained therein, and communicating the lubricating oil separated from the refrigerant gas in the separation chamber between the separation chamber and the suction passage in the compressor. The lubricating oil is in direct contact with the suction refrigerant to be cooled by the cooling action of the suction refrigerant, and a portion of the suction refrigerant containing the cooled lubricant is ejected into the opening of the swash plate chamber. A lubrication device for a refrigerant compressor, characterized in that each sliding part of the compressor is lubricated by a flow of refrigerant introduced into a swash plate chamber through the swash plate chamber and from the swash plate chamber to a suction chamber.