JPS62104452A - Fan integrated with motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a compacted fan at low cost and of high torque, by fitting a short-cylindrical permanent magnet on a rotor having a cross flow fan integrally, and by setting a stator core having windings in a space inside the permanent magnet. CONSTITUTION:On the side plate 4 of the fan rotor 2 of a cross flow fan, a short-cylindrical permanent magnet 5 with pole pieces N and pole pieces S arranged alternately is fitted. In the meantime, on the cover 9 on the side surface of a housing 1, a stator core 7 wound up with windings 8 is fitted, and this stator 6 is set in a space inside the permanent magnet 5 of the rotor. A shaft 5 is saliently set on either one side of the side plate 4 of the rotor or the stator core 7, and on the other side, a bearing 10 is fitted via a vibration- proof rubber 11 so that the rotor 2 may be rotatably supported. By this organization, the stator and the rotor can be lengthened in the axial direction and confronted with each other, and the compacted device and high torque can be obtained.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a motor-integrated fan that has a cross-flow fan and a DC motor in an integrated structure.

(Prior Art) Indoor units of air conditioners and the like are equipped with fans for indoor air circulation, and in recent thin structures, cross-foil fans are often used as they can blow air over a wide area.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) By the way, depending on the size of the air conditioner, there are many types of fans available if you change the capacity of the fan.Recently, it is possible to change the rotational speed of the motor that drives the fan by changing the speed of the motor that drives the fan = 2- By doing so, the number of types of fans is reduced.

The fan drive motors commonly used at present are induction electric motors aU+-m, and among these, capacitor-operated induction electric 1σ1 motors are often used in relatively small home air conditioners, such as the one shown in Figure 9. The shaft of the motor jumper and the rotor of the cross-flow fan (21) are connected by a coupling or the like.

17 To change the speed of the induction motor, the tap lead wire is pulled out from the middle of the main winding and the power supply is switched, thereby making it possible to change the speed.

The tapped induction electric motor (rotational speed used in one machine is often lower than the stall torque in order to increase the gear ratio), therefore, changes in the supply voltage or the structure of the fan It is unstable as it is greatly affected by changes in load due to the above variations.

In addition, as shown in Figure 9, in order to incorporate a completed motor into a fan, it is necessary to have a large capacity to accommodate the motor, which results in a large unit, and the cost of the motor is high, making it difficult to assemble. This method is uneconomical as it requires additional man-hours.

In view of these problems, a system in which a fan and a motor are integrated has recently been developed, and it has been made public, for example, in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 594 (1999). However, in this case, a flat ring-shaped rotor magnet is attached to the 6111 plate of a cross flow fan, and a stator coil wound in a flat plate shape is placed so as to face the rotor magnet. It is a type of opposed brushless motor.

However, in this motor 1 wood carved fan, the cross flow fan's body diameter vc, r: Because the magnetic pole area of the rotor magnet is limited, the motor torque cannot be increased too much. ! + Shu 11 <, Therefore, it is necessary to use a magnet of W1j cost, such as a rare Juriki'1 magnet, and rc.
The present invention was developed by focusing on the fact that conventional motor-integrated fans have various practical problems. By creating a short tube structure that can be extended, the magnetic pole area can be increased and the air gap with the stator can be reduced, resulting in a compact, low-cost, high-torque motor-integrated fan. This is what we are trying to measure.

(Means for Solving the Problems) Therefore, as is clear from the drawings showing the embodiments, the present invention creates a short cylindrical shape by alternately placing N magnetic pole pieces (5N) and S magnetic pole pieces (5S) next to each other. , and are arranged so that the direction of each magnetic pole is all the way around the center of the short tube, and is coaxially attached to the side plate 14) of the fan rotor 12) of the cross flow fan. On the other hand, iron core 17
) with a winding 18) wound around each slot of the
11'il f, cross flow fan housing I1
The side plate ( 4
) and the center of the iron core (7) of the stator (6), a shaft] 3) is provided protruding perpendicularly to the center of rotation of the stator (6) and the center of the iron core (7) of the stator (6). The corresponding bearing 1101 is surrounded by vibration isolating rubber (the permanent magnet 15 is surrounded by Ill, and the permanent magnet 15) and the stator IC is interposed concentrically inside thereof.
) 1 to form a DC brushless motor to form a motor-integrated fan.

Therefore, the present invention is based on 1jiI ('Jj rM Rubber Mountain;
The valve is installed for vibration isolation by surrounding it with 7 1 h 1 1
A preferred embodiment is that the bearing is an oil-free plain bearing in which the reservoir is filled with a lubricant such as grease.

The present invention also provides a shaft (3) integrally protruding from the center of rotation of the side plate (4) or the center of the iron core (7) of the stator [61].
) is provided with a partially tapered shaft end to form a structure, which is also a preferred embodiment.

(Production f@) The present invention is characterized in that a short cylindrical permanent magnet 15) attached concentrically to the fan rotor (2) is fixed to the rotor and the lid 19). (6) serves as a stator with all windings (8) and is disposed coaxially with the rotor 121, forming a brushless DC motor, so that the winding (8) has a fully variable voltage value. By repeatedly applying the DC voltage obtained from E~ in forward and reverse directions, fan rotation speed 2 rAf Linear l
"It can be adjusted in 6-1 steps, and the magnetic pole area can be made large, making it possible to obtain high torque while being compact.

f people 2 This invention is a bearing (10
Since the cross-flow fan is long in the axial direction and tends to vibrate during rotation, it is supported in a vibration-proof manner, and generates less heat and maintains smooth operation.

Furthermore, by using an unpaid front shadow plain bearing, the present invention achieves
ji′L pure structure makes it extremely easy to attach silk.
3) By forming the tip of the permanent magnet 1 into a tapered structure,
5) The shaft can be easily inserted into the bearing circle against the strong suction force, making assembly easy.

(Example) Hereinafter, each example of the present invention will be described based on the accompanying drawings.

In Fig. 1 showing the first embodiment, ■ is the housing of the cross flow fan, and the fan rotor (
21 is built in so that it can rotate freely, and this fan rotor 12
1 is a molded product in which the cylindrical part serving as the air blowing part is made of hard synthetic resin, and the shaft 13+ is made of stainless steel. The fan rotor 121 is formed by respectively embedding them in a synthetic resin layer and integrally molding them.

Although the housing Ill is not shown in detail, it is clear that it is a fan similar to a centrifugal blower, as it has an elongated suction section and an elongated outlet section extending over the rotation width of the fan rotor 1210.

This cross 70-fan has a side plate (4) in relation to one side plate (4) of the fan rotor (21) and a side cover (1) 1 of the ITII housing Il+ opposite to the side plate (4). ) and the lid (9), a permanent magnet (5) and a stator (6) are arranged concentrically with the former (15) on the outside and the latter (6) on the inside, and , fan rotor (21
Pairs (7) are provided coaxially with their axes aligned.

First, regarding the permanent magnet 15), one or more N magnetic pole pieces (5N) and S magnetic pole pieces (5S) made of, for example, a rare earth element or a ferrite element, which are in the shape of circular arc pieces, are arranged adjacent to each other alternately in the circumferential direction. Arrange and each pole piece (5N).

(5S) is formed into a short cylinder with the magnetic poles oriented toward the center of the circle, and is coaxially attached to the fan rotor +21 and attached to its side plate (4).

As a fixing outer frame for attaching all of the permanent magnets (5) to the side plate 14), as shown in the figure, an iron plate (121) is provided integrally protruding from the outer periphery of the permanent magnet 15 and the side plate (4). The iron plate (121) is wound around a circular convex portion having the same diameter as the permanent magnet til+. It can also be used as part of the magnetic circuit.

On the other hand, for the stator (6), the required number of slots are cut in the core (7) made of laminated disc-shaped silicon steel plates, and all of the stator windings 18) are inserted into these slots. In addition, the iron core (
7) A stepped hole is provided in the center of the hole, which has a large diameter hole into which a bearing mechanism can be fitted and a slightly smaller small diameter hole coaxially connected. A plurality of fixing pores are dispersed and penetrated around the hole.

As shown in the figure, the small diameter hole of the stepped hole is located on the fan rotor 121 side, and after fitting the shaft-9=receiving mechanism into the large diameter hole, the small hole for fixing is inserted. The vibration isolating rubber (11) of the bearing mechanism is fixed along the inner surface of the side cover (9) of the housing (1) using the
The lid (9) is clamped and fixed from both sides by the stepped wall portion of the stepped hole and the mounting surface of the lid (9).

Note that if the core +7) is punched with a progressive die, cores with different inner diameters can be punched out with the same die, and if a recently developed caulking method is used, the core shown in Figure 1 can be punched from the core punching press. It comes out in a perfected form.

On the other hand, the lid 1! ) 1 provides a space for escape in the thrust direction of the support (3) and for storing lubricating oil, and the inner diameter of this space is made smaller than the outer diameter of the vibration isolating rubber (11). Vibration-proof rubber (1
11 can be held down as described above.

Next, regarding the bearing mechanism) As shown in Figures 2 to 5, there is a bearing (1o), for example, a flat bearing, which is fitted onto the shaft (3), and a vibration-proof rubber that surrounds the flat bearing (10). 1
111.

The plain bearing 110) is shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and is a molded product of hard synthetic resin, such as polyacecool thread resin, and has a hole Cl0A) in the center through which the shaft 13+ is inserted. There are three reservoirs arranged equally around the hole (IOA) and communicating with each hole (IOA) to completely fill the lubricant such as grease. ], OB) in the required amount to the hole C.
By being automatically supplied to 111' of part 10A),
An oil film is formed E2 between the inner wall and the rotating shaft 13 inserted therein, exhibiting lubricating performance to protect against seizure and the like.

The plain bearing (101) has a spherical crown shape with the entire circumferential surface along a predetermined circle when cut along a plane passing through the center of the shaft.

On the other hand, the anti-vibration rubber (111) is made of synthetic rubber with relatively high hardness and has a disc-shaped outer shape, and the inner wall surface is formed into a spherical crown shape corresponding to the outer shape of the flat bearing (101). As is clear from Figures 3 and 5, the flat bearing (10) interposed with the anti-lift rubber can now move freely in the direction of inclination of the shaft (3), and therefore self-aligning. It is possible to use jr htt.

The motor-integrated fan with the above structure uses flat bearings (101
After attaching the anti-vibration rubber (11) to the predetermined locations of the iron core (7), the stator (6) is fixedly attached to the lid (1)), and the fan rotor (21) housed in the housing 11) is attached. Axis 13
) and flat bearing +101 fit together.
) By fixing to the housing +11, the bar 15 is inserted concentrically within the stator (61 is a short cylindrical permanent magnet 15), the bar is fixed to the fan housing III, and
The fan rotor (21) is now rotatably supported.

Permanent magnet (5) and stator (6) arranged concentrically
A brushless DC motor is constructed by the above, and a compact blower in which the crossflow fan and motor are coaxially integrated is created.

By the way, the tip of the shaft (3) shown in Figure 1 is tapered into a truncated conical shape, and by forming it into such a shape, the shaft +
Even if the position of 3) is slightly shifted from the center of the hole (1, OA) on the bearing surface and 4V is installed, the tapered tip of 11f3) will fit securely into the hole (IOA). shaft(
3) Do not damage the entire bearing (<between bearings) and insert correctly.

In addition, in the case of a brushless DC motor, the magnetizing force of the permanent magnet (5) is strong, and the force that attracts the iron core (7) of the stator (6) is large.
), it is difficult to align the centers, but by using the tip of the shaft (3), the engagement between the shaft (3) and the bearing (101) is reliable and easy, and the effect is particularly It's large.

However, the structural principle of the brushless DC motor is as shown in Fig. 6, and each winding +8 in the stator (6)
1.181 is a power transistor ++3). 03) is connected in series to the DC power supply ((4).

The permanent magnet 15) is a motor rotor that is rotated integrally with the fan rotor 21.

This brushless DC motor uses a permanent magnet (5) by controlling the current of one winding with a power transistor (13).
A torque is generated by the magnetic flux emitted from the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet (5) and the current flowing through the winding (81), and the permanent magnet (5) can be rotated.

However, as shown in FIG.
In order to detect all the magnetic poles of K Kum + H+, it is necessary to use detectors such as ball elements (Hl) to (Ha), and to control the rotation speed, it is necessary to change the power supply, but these It can be constructed with a simple multiplex circuit.

That is, in order to rotate the brushless motor, for example, the permanent magnet 15) has four poles, and the fixed chain 11 has six windings (8).
When the poles are connected in a three-phase star shape, Ii'7) Stator winding (81
is a Hall element (Hl) ~ (Ha) K two-phase,
4 k K 11117 Next plane? (M, permanent magnet (
5) and the stator (6), it rotates due to the attraction and repulsion of the magnetic poles.

When this brushless motor is applied to a fan drive motor, the torque speed characteristic is as shown in Figure (7).By simply changing the supply voltage, the torque speed curve of the motor becomes TM, →'rM4. It can change continuously from TMa to TM, and the intersection with the fan load always has an intersection that can stabilize the rotational speed, so stable speed control is possible.

When the fan rotor 121 begins to rotate due to the energization of the motor in this manner, vibrations in the thrust direction occur, albeit slightly.

At this time, the lubricant-impregnated felt housed in the space of the lid (9) and the shaft [3] come into light contact, causing the bearing (10
A lubricant is supplied to the gap between the shaft (3) and the shaft (3).

In the example shown in Fig. 1, the hole diameter of the space in the lid (9) is smaller than the diameter of the space in the lid (9), and the side surface of the anti-vibration rubber (11) is pressed against it. Therefore, lubricant will not leak into the parts.

Next, FIG. 8 shows a second embodiment of the present invention. The only difference in structure is that the bearing (lO) and the anti-vibration rubber (111 are not interposed on the fan rotor (side plate f4 of 21), and the other structures are the same as in the first embodiment. It has become.

In this example, the bearing 11[]1 is attached to the side plate (2) of the fan rotor (2).
4) Since there is a bar interposed in the center, the stator (
Compared to the first embodiment in which the iron core 17) is provided at the center of the iron core 6), there is more room in the magnetic circuit of the iron core 17), thus reducing the radial size of the stator (6). is possible, and can also produce high torque.

(Effects of the Invention) As described in detail in 1-1 above, in the present invention, the permanent magnet 15) is formed into a short cylindrical shape and coaxially attached to the side plate (4) of the fan rotor (21), and the winding ( Since it is fixed to the lid (9) of the housing II+ so that it can be concentrically interposed inside the stator [61?permanent magnet 111) having the motor rotor, the permanent magnet [5) which becomes the motor rotor and the stator +1' il and are made to be long in the axial direction within an allowable range and face each other 7 (and
As a result, the air gap Th-rlr between both 15) and (6) can be made as small as possible, and even though the structure is compact, the iR
i) Full power output is possible.

Furthermore, between the bearings that support the shaft (3)], the anti-vibration rubber (11
1, it is possible to completely absorb the vibrations of the fan rotor 121 and prevent them from being transmitted to the housing il+, which is the fixed side.

Furthermore, by forming the bearing 1101'i as an oil-free front shadow bearing, the structure is simple and easy to assemble, and stable and simple performance can be exhibited over a long period of time.

By making the tip of the shaft (3) completely tapered, even if the shaft (3I) is slightly misaligned with the bearing tl+ll during assembly, the connection can be performed reliably and easily.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. fi1 to Fig. 7 are diagrams showing aspects of the first embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the main parts. Figure 2 is a side view of the bearing, Figure 3 is a sectional view taken along the line 1-1 in Figure 2, Figure 4 is a side view of the anti-vibration rubber, and Figure 5 is taken along v-V in Figure 4. A cross-sectional view in the lost direction, FIG. 6 is an electrical circuit diagram related to the stator winding,
@Figure 7 is a rotational speed-torque relationship diagram, Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the main parts of the second embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the main parts of a conventional shaft-directly coupled fan mechanism. be. Ill...Housing, 121...Fan rotor. +3) ,,・Shaft, (4I...Side plate, 15)...Permanent magnet. (5N)...N magnetic pole piece, (5S)...S magnetic pole piece. 1[1l---Stator, (7)... Iron core, (8)...
・Winding wire. 19+...Lid+ +101...Bearing, Il
l... Anti-vibration rubber. Figure 1 2 ■ Figure 7 Figure 8

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. N magnetic pole pieces (5N) and S magnetic pole pieces (5S) are arranged adjacent to each other alternately to form a short cylinder shape, and the direction of each magnetic pole is directed toward the center of the short cylinder. The formed short cylindrical permanent magnet (5) is coaxially attached to the side plate (4) of the fan rotor (2) of the cross flow fan, while a winding (8) is attached to each slot of the iron core (7). The stator (6) is wrapped with
The center of rotation of the side plate (4) and the stator are fixed to the side cover (9) of the housing (1) of the crossflow fan so as to be interposed concentrically inside the permanent magnet (5). A shaft (3) is provided on one side protruding perpendicularly to the center of the iron core (7) of (6), and the shaft (3) is provided on the other side.
) is surrounded and interposed with vibration-proof rubber (11), and direct current is generated by the permanent magnet (5) and the stator (6) concentrically interposed inside the permanent magnet (5). A motor-integrated fan characterized by forming a brushless motor. 2. Bearing (10) surrounded and interposed in anti-vibration rubber (11)
2. The motor-integrated fan according to claim 1, wherein said fan is an oil-free flat bearing having a reservoir filled with lubricant. 3. The center of rotation of the side plate (4) and the iron core (7) of the stator (6)
3. The motor-integrated fan according to claim 1, wherein the shaft (3) protruding from either side of the central portion of the shaft (3) has a tapered shaft end.