JPS61185274A - Apparatus for supplying oxygen in blood equipped with blood heating mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an apparatus for supplying oxygen to the blood with a blood warming mechanism designed to be used as part of a cardiac bypass mechanism, Concerning the bypass mechanism itself.

PRIOR ART Following cardiac arrest, the rate at which blood flow is returned to the body is important. That is, the longer the blood flow is reintroduced into the body, the more likely the patient will suffer permanent brain damage.

When the natural heart rhythm cannot be maintained, artificial blood circulation mechanisms outside the body are commonly used. In these known mechanisms, as in keeping blood circulating during cardiac surgery,
Most are designed to be used in non-emergency situations and are generally complex and difficult to handle.

If cardiac arrest occurs at a location far from these mechanisms, and the size of the cardiac arrest is very large, it will be difficult to bring the cardiac arrest to the patient's side quickly and provide blood circulation.

Thus, cardiac bypass mechanisms need to be relatively small and lightweight so that they can be easily brought to the patient's side.

This type of bypass mechanism also requires a heating mechanism to maintain circulating blood at body temperature.

Furthermore, it is necessary for this bypass mechanism to use an oxygen supply system that does not produce bubbles, is relatively simple and inexpensive, is easy to use, and is quick to set up.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention includes a cardiac bypass system suitable for use in emergency situations and a blood oxygen supply device with heating function that is a component of the bypass system.

The heart bypass mechanism of the present invention includes a circulation pump (preferably a non-closed thin-wound pump), arterial and venous tubing, a blood warming/oxygenation device with a temperature controller, and interconnections thereof. It consists of a tube.

This mechanism also includes other components, such as a blood flow rate measurement member, an inlet for introducing pharmaceutical agents, and a large diameter arteriovenous tube to increase the amount of blood to be oxygenated per unit time. It can be provided at any time.

The blood warming/oxygenation device includes a housing containing a membrane oxygenation device in part and a blood heating element in another part. These two parts are in fluid communication.

Since the blood heating element is different from a conventional water circulation heat exchanger, the blood warming/oxygenation device used in this bypass mechanism is lightweight and simple in construction. Furthermore, since the membrane oxygen supply device does not generate bubbles, there is no need to separately provide a member for trapping bubbles.

The heating element is coupled to a temperature control feedback mechanism that automatically stops operation of the heating element if the blood temperature becomes too high. Of course, it is also possible to use fluid medium heat exchangers or other heating elements.

This blood warming/oxygenation device also has other features.

For example, a pressure release valve is provided that opens automatically to vent the gas, thereby preventing bubbles from forming in the blood even if the pressure of the oxygen gas introduced becomes too high.

Further, the housing portion containing the blood heater has an inverted conical shape, and a conical heating element is further disposed inside the housing portion.

A blood inlet is provided at the base of the cone and transverse to the cone axis, allowing blood to flow spirally around the cone to the oxygen supply member. Using a device designed in this way is very useful from the standpoint of removing bubbles. Since the membrane oxygen supply member (which may be of the hollow N&F type) has a bubble trapping function, there is no need for a separate bubble trap.

The bypass mechanism of the present invention is relatively small and lightweight, can be quickly brought to the patient's side even in an emergency, and can be quickly set up.

(Embodiments) The present invention will now be described based on specific examples shown in the accompanying drawings.

In FIG. 1, which shows an overview of the components of a cardiac bypass mechanism, a cardiac bypass mechanism 10 includes a venous conduit 12 having an inlet for introducing blood from a patient, and an arterial conduit 14 having an outlet [1 for conveying blood to the patient. It is equipped with

Preferably, these tubes 12, 14 have a large diameter in order to allow a large amount of blood to pass through them per unit time.

A tube 16 connects various components of the bypass mechanism, such as a blood pump 18 (preferably a non-obstructive thin-wound pump), a flow probe 20, and a blood oxygenator 22 with a heater, to phase η. It is something.

The blood pump is optionally powered by a battery pack 24.

In use, intravenous line 12 is inserted into a portion of a patient's vein, preferably a femoral vein. The blood pump 18 pumps blood from the patient to the inlet 2 of the heater-equipped blood fermentation supply device N22.
Pump to 6.

In the device 22, blood is supplied with oxygen and heated (as will be described below).

The blood then exits the unit 22 through the inlet 128 and returns to the patient's artery (preferably the femoral artery) through the arterial conduit 14. When the mechanism 10 is actuated, the blood 26, substantially transversely to the axis of the conical section 30 (see FIG. 2), into a blood chamber within said section 30, from where it flows into an upper region 32 having a membranous oxygen supply element.

The oxygen delivery member preferably used is of the hollow fiber type, manufactured by C.D. Medica I (detailed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,424,19
(see 0).

The blood flow path within the conical portion 30 extends upwardly to the outlet portion 34 in a substantially helical manner. Outlet 34 communicates fluid to upper region 32 and also allows blood to pass through.

1. The cap portion located at the top end of the area 32 (the third
(see figure), an oxygen introduction port 36 is formed therein.

Oxygen flows from the inlet 36 into the end of the scum-permeable hollow fibers of the centrifugal fibers, flows sideways through the base of the region 32, through the outlet at the opposite end of the hollow fibers, and then into the skirt portion. The gas exits through one of the various gas ports provided at 38.

When blood is introduced into the L area 32, it flows radially outward through the gaps between the hollow fibers, passes through the gas permeable fibers, and comes into contact with the oxygen flowing through the gaps, thereby providing oxygen. .

In FIG. 2, which shows in detail the camping section of the unit 22, three sampling sections 39, 40 are shown.

41 is provided.

When a syringe is pushed into any of these sampling sections, a sampling valve for air purging or blood sampling is opened.

The sampling sections 39, 40 are for sampling oxygenated blood.

The sampling section 41 draws blood from the center of the region 23 above the venous blood introduction section, and collects blood that is not supplied with oxygen.

The construction of the sampling valve itself is well known to those skilled in the art.

Also shown in FIG. 2 are a pair of lines extending from the sampling portion 39,40. A one-way safety valve 42 is provided in this line to prevent accidental air from entering the arterial side of the oxygen supply.

In Figure 3.4.5, an umbrella valve 44 is provided in the small hole of the cap. That is, when the pressure of oxygen introduced into the device becomes too high, the valve 44 is automatically opened to form a vent hole, thereby preventing pressure from being applied to the oxygen through the hollow fibers. . That is, when high-pressure oxygen flows in, there is a problem in that bubbles are generated inside the region 32. Of course, it is also possible to use other elements known per se, such as pressure release valves, to prevent high pressure of oxygen.

A base portion 45 is provided below the lowermost end of the conical region 30 .

This conical region 30 is also provided with a heating element 46 . This heating element 46 is covered with silicone rubber and is in contact with the inner wall 48. However, the inner wall 48
Other types of heating elements, for example heat exchangers, may also be used, provided that they are capable of transferring heat to the blood chamber formed between the housing of the conical region 30 and the housing of the conical region 30. It is possible.

The heating element 46 may also be covered with other materials than silicone rubber.

The inner wall 48 is preferably made of aluminum, but may also be made of a thermally conductive material such as metal, alloy, or plastic.

Heating element 46 includes a wire 50 for coupling to temperature controller 52 . The controller 52 is further coupled to a power source (not shown).

The temperature controller 52 and thermistors 54 and 56 automatically turn on the heating element 4 when the temperature of the blood flowing through the bypass mechanism 10 or the oxygen supply device 22 becomes too high.
A feedback mechanism for stopping the operation of 6 is formed. Of course, it is possible to use other components than these controllers, so long as the operation of the heating element 46 is dynamically stopped if the blood temperature becomes too high.

The bypass mechanism 10 is also provided with an inlet conduit 58 that connects to the tube 16 for allowing the drug to flow into the patient's body.

1- In the present invention described above, the words and expressions used are not limited to these, but can be variously changed within the scope clearly understood by those skilled in the art.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing the configuration of the heart bypass mechanism, FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view of the blood oxygen supply device, and FIG.
The perspective views of the blood oxygenator, FIGS. 4-6, illustrate the umbrella valves used in the blood oxygenator. 10 is a bypass mechanism, 18 is a blood pump, 22 is a blood oxygen supply device, and 52 is a temperature controller.

Claims (14)

[Claims] (1) Consists of a housing having an upper region and a lower region,
The upper region includes a membrane oxygen supply device and is provided with a first blood inlet in its lower part and a blood outlet in its upper part, said lower region having a substantially inverted cone-shaped blood chamber. A second blood inlet is provided in its lower part and a blood outlet in fluid communication with the first blood inlet is provided in its upper part. A device for supplying oxygen to blood, which is equipped with a blood warming mechanism. (2) The heating member is an electric heating element, the membrane oxygen supply device is a hollow fiber type oxygen supply device, and the blood temperature detection member and the heating element are selectively stopped. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a temperature control feedback mechanism capable of controlling the temperature. (3) consisting of a housing having an upper region and a lower region;
the upper region includes a hollow fiber type blood oxygenator;
and having a first blood inlet in its lower part and a blood outlet and an oxygen inlet in its upper part, said lower region having a substantially inverted conical shape, and also having a substantially inverted conical shape. spaced inner walls are formed to form a blood chamber between the lower region and the lower region further includes a second blood inlet at its lower portion and a first blood inlet at its upper end. a blood inlet and a blood outlet in fluid communication; the lower region is provided with an electrical heating element, and the inner wall is capable of conducting heat from the heating element to the blood chamber. A blood oxygen supply device equipped with a blood warming mechanism used in cardiac bypass mechanisms. 4. The apparatus of claim 3, further comprising at least one thermistor that is part of a temperature control feedback mechanism for automatically deactivating the heating element. (5) The device according to claim 3, wherein the upper region is provided with a pressure release valve for automatically venting gas. (6) said second blood inlet guides introduced blood substantially transversely to the axis of said lower region and flows from there to a blood outlet, said electrical heating element 4. The device of claim 3, wherein the device is located proximate a major portion of the inner surface. (7) The device according to claim 3, wherein the inner wall is made of aluminum, metal, or plastic. (8) The device of claim 3, wherein the heating element is in coated contact with the inner surface of the inner wall. (9) The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the upper region is provided with at least one area for purifying the air from the unit or the blood sampling section. 10. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the blood outlet portion is substantially aligned with the axis of the inverted cone. (11) In a cardiac bypass system that returns blood that has been drawn from a patient's veins and has been enriched with oxygen into the patient's body, the patient, a blood pump, and a blood oxygen supply device equipped with a blood warming mechanism are connected. the oxygen supply device comprising a membrane oxygen supply member and an electrical heating element, the electrical heating element being coupled to a temperature control feedback mechanism to connect the fluid circuit to a continuous fluid circuit; A cardiac bypass mechanism, characterized in that the operation of the heating element is automatically stopped if the temperature of the flowing blood becomes too high. (12) A blood oxygen supply device equipped with a blood warming mechanism is in liquid communication with a hollow fiber type oxygen member in a lower region,
The lower region has a substantially inverted conical shape and similarly inverted conically shaped inner walls are spaced apart to form a blood chamber between the lower region and the inner wall, and A blood inlet is provided in the lower portion for guiding blood substantially transversely to the cone axis, so that blood entering the oxygenator passes through a substantially helical passage from the base of the cone to the top. 12. The bypass mechanism according to claim 11, wherein the bypass mechanism moves up to and enters the membrane-like oxygen supply member from there. (13) A member for measuring blood flow velocity is provided,
The bypass mechanism according to claim 11, wherein the membrane oxygen supply member is a hollow fiber oxygen supply member. (14) The bypass mechanism according to claim 11, wherein a large diameter cannula is provided.