JPS6030195B2 - straight electric machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a linear movable motor such as a linear movable motor that can obtain a linear force by supplying power, or a linear movable generator that can obtain an electrical output by applying a linear drive force from the outside. It is related to electrical machinery.

In general, a linear machine whose armature core has a salient pole structure for winding can link more field magnetic flux to the winding compared to a linear machine without a salient pole structure. It is a straight-line electric machine that can obtain large output with a small size and light weight.

However, since the field part and the armature core face each other in a planar manner, the flux linkage at the salient poles at both ends of the armature core is different from that at the salient poles at the center due to the end effect.

Therefore, variations occur between the salient poles, causing unevenness in the generated output. The present invention takes such points into consideration and minimizes the unevenness of the generated output by eliminating the variation between the salient poles. The present invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings. 1st
The figure is a schematic configuration diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

In the same figure, the field energy section 2, which is made up of a flat permanent magnet having a plurality of magnetic poles attached to a stator 1 made of ferromagnetic material, has N poles, N poles, and N poles at equal pitch intervals or almost equal pitch intervals. It has alternating south poles. The armature core 3 has three winding salient poles 3a, 3b, 3c and two poles located at both ends.
The tips of the winding salient poles 3a to 3c and the auxiliary salient poles 4a, 4b are opposed to the magnetic pole surface of the field section 2 with a required gap. There is. The field portion 2 and the armature iron core 3 are relatively movable, and in this example, the armature iron 3 moves and the field portion 2 remains stationary.
One armature winding 5a, 5b, 5c is wound around each winding salient pole 3a, 3b, 3c, and these are three-phase Y-connected.

Here, if we consider the linear machine shown in Fig. 1 to be an electric motor, the relative position of the field part 2 and the armature core 3 is detected by a magnetoelectric conversion element such as a Hall element, and a three-phase current is generated according to the relative position. are connected to the armature windings 5a, 5b of each phase by transistors etc.
5c, it is possible to obtain a driving force in a predetermined direction due to electromagnetic interaction with the field section 2.

FIG. 2 shows the distribution of the magnetic pole strength B(x) of the field section 2, and FIG. 3 shows the armature currents ia, ib, ic of each phase energized according to the relative position z. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a waveform. In this embodiment, constant current is switched and energized.
Note that the relative position z represents the distance between the reference point A of the field section 2 and the reference point B of the armature core 3. Furthermore, if we consider the linear electric machine in Fig. 1 to be a generator, by driving the armature core 3 from the outside, three phases can be generated from the armature windings (in this case, the power generation windings) 5a, 5b, and 5c. AC signals can be obtained.

If this three-phase signal is rectified by, for example, three diodes whose anodes are connected in common, a DC voltage corresponding to the displacement speed of the armature core 3 can be obtained. As shown in FIG. 1, when the length of the opposing surface of the boundary part 2 is longer than the length of the opposing surface of the armature core 3, auxiliary salient poles 4a, 4b are provided at both ends of the armature core 3. If provided, the waveforms of the magnetic fluxes interlinking with each of the winding salient poles 3a to 3c will be similar, and there will be no variation between the salient poles.

As a result, the unevenness in the output of the linear electric machine becomes smaller and its performance improves. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, a field section 12 composed of a flat permanent magnet having a plurality of magnetic poles attached to a stator 11 made of ferromagnetic material has N poles, N poles, and N poles at equal pitch intervals or approximately equal pitch intervals. It has alternating south poles. The armature core 13 includes three winding salient poles 13a, 13b, and 13c, and four auxiliary salient poles 14a located at both ends thereof and between adjacent salient poles.
14b, 14c, and '4d are integrally formed, and the tip of each salient pole faces the magnetic pole surface of the field part 12 with a required gap. The field portion 12 and the armature core 13 are relatively movable, and in this embodiment, the armature core 13 moves and the field portion 12 remains stationary. Salient poles 13a, 13b, 1 for each winding
3c has one armature winding 15a, 15b,
15c are wound, and they are connected in a three-phase Y connection.
The operation of the linear electric machine of this embodiment is the same as that of the embodiment shown in FIG.
The performance is further improved due to the effect of 14d.

In this embodiment, each of the winding salient poles 13a to 13c has an effective facing width (approximately the distance between the centers of the grooves at both ends of the salient pole) through which the magnetic flux of the field section 12 flows into and out of the field section 12. Auxiliary salient poles 14a and 14d are provided at both ends of the armature core 13 so as to be equal to or approximately equal to the pitch, and between salient winding poles 13a and 13b and between 13b and 13c, respectively. Auxiliary salient poles 14c and 14d are arranged.
As a result, the maximum value of the magnetic flux flowing into each auxiliary salient pole increases, and the range in which the variable G rate of the interlinkage magnetic flux is constant as the relative position changes becomes wider. efficiency is improved and output unevenness is reduced. As shown in the figure, the cogging force can be reduced by tapering the auxiliary salient poles 14a and 14b at both ends such that the opposing gap with the field portion 12 becomes larger toward the ends. In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the center interval of the grooves at both ends of the winding salient pole was set to one magnetic pole pitch of the field part, but for example, the fourth
As in the case where the number of magnetic poles of the field section 12 in the figure is increased by an odd number, the distance between the centers of the grooves at both ends of the winding salient pole should be close to or equal to an odd multiple of the pitch of one magnetic pole of the field section. However, the effects of the present invention can still be obtained.

Furthermore, if the armature core of the above-mentioned embodiment is formed by stacking and fixing a large number of thin magnetic plates such as silicon steel plates punched with a die in a direction perpendicular to the drawing of FIG. The dimensional accuracy of can be improved and loss can be reduced.

Furthermore, it becomes easy to skew the armature core, and the cogging force can be easily reduced. Furthermore, the present invention
The number of phases of the salient poles of the armature core and the windings is not limited to three phases, and other numbers of phases can also be used.

However, as shown in the above embodiment, if the number of winding salient poles is made equal to the number of phases, the number of windings may be small;
Manufacturing becomes easier. Also, the field part is not limited to permanent magnets, but as long as it generates a fixed magnetic field,
Any structure can be used. As is clear from the above description, the linear motor of the present invention is highly efficient, easy to manufacture, and serves as a linear motor or linear generator with little output fluctuation. Therefore, especially when the present invention is used as a drive source for audio equipment such as a record player, it is possible to provide an inexpensive, high-performance audio equipment.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the strength of the magnetic pole of the field part in the same embodiment, and Fig. 3 is an example of the armature current waveform in the same embodiment. The figure shown in FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of another embodiment of the present invention. 1, 11... Stator, 2, 12... Field part, 3
, 13... Armature core, 3a, 3b, 3c, 1
3a, 13b, 13c... Salient pole for winding, 4a,
4b, 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d...Bridge or salient pole, 5a, 5b, 5c, 15a, 15b, 15c...
...armature winding. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An armature core comprising a field part having a plurality of magnetic poles and a plurality of salient poles for winding arranged opposite to the field part, A linear electric machine in which either one of the armature core and the armature core can be moved straight with respect to the other, wherein the field is applied to at least one of both ends of the armature core and adjacent winding salient poles. A linear electric machine characterized by having an auxiliary salient pole made of a magnetic material facing a magnetic part. 2. In the description of claim 1, the field portion has magnetic poles at equal pitches or approximately equal pitches, and the center distance between the grooves located at both ends of the winding salient pole is determined by the field portion. 1. A linear electric machine characterized in that the pitch is equal to or approximately equal to an odd number multiple of one magnetic pole pitch. 3. In claim 1 or 2, the armature core has a structure in which a plurality of winding salient poles and auxiliary salient poles are alternately and integrally arranged. Straight line electric machine. 4. In claim 3, the armature core is characterized by having auxiliary salient poles at both ends tapered such that the opposing gap with the field portion becomes larger toward the ends. Straight ahead electric machine.