JPS60213723A - Gasifier for powder fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an apparatus for gasifying pulverized solid or powdered fuel. In particular, the invention comprises a gasification reactor, in which at least/pairs of burners are arranged opposite each other on the side walls of the reactor, and at least seven fuel supply means; , relates to an improvement of a powdered fuel gasification device which is formed by connecting a fuel pipe leading to a burner.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Gasification of solid fuels can be carried out by partial combustion of the fuel with an oxygen-containing gas.

By partial combustion of a solid fuel using substantially pure oxygen as the oxygen-containing gas reactant, - carbon oxide and hydrogen based synthesis gas (aynthesia
gas) is obtained. If air or oxygen-enriched air is used as the oxygen-containing gas, a synthesis gas containing substantial amounts of nitrogen is of course obtained. Here, the term "solid fuel" generally refers to coal or other solid fuels such as lignite, beets, wood, coke, soot, etc.

Preferably, a moderator is also introduced into the reactor.

The purpose of introducing a moderator is to obtain an effect of appropriately lowering the temperature inside the reactor, that is, a moderating effect.

This ensures that an endothermic reaction between the moderator and the reactants and/or products takes place during the production of the synthesis gas. Suitable moderators include water vapor and carbon dioxide.

This gasification reaction operation is advantageously carried out at a temperature of /200-/♂00°C and under a pressure of /-200 par. This gasification operation produces synthesis gas and molten slag.
Which both occur. The reactor is therefore provided with a gas outlet and a slag outlet, or with a common outlet for both gas and slag.

The reactor for producing synthesis gas may have a spherical, pyramidal, block, or cylindrical shape. Cylindrical reactors are generally preferred. The reactor is advantageously used in a substantially upright position, but it can also be used horizontally or in an inclined position.

Fuel, oxygen gas and more. The bisodelator is preferably supplied through a burner placed on the side wall of the reactor. The solid fuel, ie powder fuel, is preferably supported on a carrier gas and supplied to the burner.

Suitable carrier gases are nitrogen, water vapor, carbon dioxide and synthesis gas.

Six pairs of burners are placed opposite each other.

However, this does not necessarily mean that the two opposing burner axes are in a straight line and are at the same height as each other. These burners may be downward, upward or sideways. However, the mouths of the six pairs of burners should face each other.

It is known to provide separate fuel supply means from which fuel can be supplied to the burner. In the case of this known method,
It is difficult to ensure that each pair of burners receives the same load. In order to carry out the gasification reaction smoothly, it is important to always supply fuel to at least both of the six pairs of burners by the same supply method under constant conditions. The present invention provides a device that can easily supply an equal amount of fuel to any one of a pair of burners.

The invention therefore comprises a gasification reactor with at least/pairs of burners arranged opposite each other on the side walls of the reactor and having at least seven fuel supply means. In the powdered fuel gasification apparatus, the fuel supply means is connected to a fuel pipe leading to the burner, wherein the fuel pipe connected to the burner/pair has seven fuel supplies common thereto. The present invention relates to a powder fuel gasification apparatus characterized in that the means are arranged symmetrically with respect to the starting point.

Due to the symmetrical arrangement of the fuel tubes, the flow of the fuel/carrier gas mixture is subject to the same frictional forces in each fuel tube relative to each other.

Therefore, in an actual device, it is possible to reliably apply the same load (ie, fuel) to each burner.

Since both fuel pipes are connected to one fuel supply means common to them, it is possible to ensure that both burners are supplied with powdered fuel of the same type in terms of size and composition.

An example of the common fuel supply means is an atmospheric pressure bunker connected to the fuel pipe. This can be used when the gasification reaction is carried out at a pressure on the order of atmospheric pressure. However, the gasification reaction is preferably carried out under high pressure of 10-/! ;
It is advantageous to carry out under a pressure of 0 bar. In this case, the common fuel supply means used is a high-pressure hollow l? - is advantageously used. The advantage of this is that if the pressure in the hopper varies, its effect can be applied equally to each of the plurality of fuel supply pipes.

Thus, even when the pressure across the hopper varies,
Each burner is supplied with an equal amount of fuel.

Each fuel tube may originate from a fuel outlet remote from the common high pressure hopper body. If a sufficient pressure difference exists between the hopper and the reactor, this pressure difference will cause the fuel in the hopper 4 to flow and be conveyed to the reactor in its it form. However, it is possible to connect each fuel line to an air conveyor, thereby introducing an additional amount of carrier gas into the fuel line.
This transport promoting means allows carrier gas/
It is advantageous to facilitate the transport of powdered fuel mixtures.

What if each fuel line originates from a common, separately located hopper outlet? - is preferably cylindrical, and this hollow
It is advantageous to place the burner at a location that satisfies the following conditions: the plane containing the center line of the hole A'- and the center line of the reactor reacts with the line connecting the respective mouths of the opposing burners. It is preferable to arrange it so that it satisfies the condition that it is perpendicular to a plane that includes the center line of the vessel.

Particularly if an additional amount of carrier gas is used to facilitate the transport of the fuel, it is even more preferable to arrange both fuel pipes starting from an intermediate pipe connected to the high-pressure hopper f-. (See Figures 2 and 3). In this case, only one air conveyor needs to be provided in the intermediate pipe, which avoids unequal fuel supply to both burners due to pressure fluctuations of the additional carrier gas. on the other hand,
If an air conveyor is installed in each of multiple fuel pipes,
It is possible that the amount of fuel supplied to each burner becomes non-uniform.

Said intermediate tube may be relatively short and has an air conveyor, one end of which is connected to the outlet of the hopper 4- and a T-tube or a Y-tube at the other end. It is preferable to connect two fuel pipes to this T-tube or Y-tube.

Moreover, this intermediate tube may be a long tube. In this case, the following benefits are obtained:
The advantage is that the location of the gasification reactor is not significantly constrained by the location of the burner or gasification reactor. The end of the intermediate tube (where the two fuel pipes are connected) is installed at a position that satisfies the following conditions: the plane that includes this end and the center line of the reactor is aligned with the center line of the reactor. It is preferable that the end portion is located at a position that satisfies the condition that the end portion should lie in a direction perpendicular to a plane containing the line connecting the mouth portions of the opposing burners. However, the location of the hopper itself can be chosen freely.

Of course, such an intermediate tube has two or more holes/? - may be connected. In this case, when the seven hot springs are empty or when maintenance and inspection work is being carried out,
You can continue to supply fuel using a separate hora-gu. It is of course also possible to operate the high pressure hopper at atmospheric pressure.

As mentioned above, the end of the intermediate tube (where it is connected to at least two fuel pipes) is such that a plane containing the end and the centerline of the reactor lies between the centerline of the reactor and the opposing burner. It is preferable to arrange it at a position that satisfies the condition that it exists in a direction perpendicular to the plane containing the line connecting each mouth part. It may also be preferable to arrange the common fuel supply means coaxially with the reactor. This may apply not only to the intermediate pipe, but also to other common fuel supply means (for example, the fuel supply). In this case, a symmetrical installation of all fuel pipes can be easily achieved. Therefore, even if two or more pairs of burners are present, the same type of fuel pipes can be easily installed. According to this installation method, all burners can be connected to the same type of fuel pipe, which is a preferred embodiment. This arrangement is particularly preferred if the common fuel supply means are arranged coaxially above or below the vertical reactor.

Even in gasification reactors with an odd number of burners, the fuel pipes can be installed in the manner described above. However, from the standpoint of thermal efficiency, it seems undesirable to install an odd number of burners.

It is advantageous to arrange at least two pairs of burners on the side walls of the reactor. If one burner is idled for maintenance work, the opposing burner should also be idled. When there are at least two pairs of burners, the gasification reaction can be continued using the remaining pair of burners even when seven pairs of burners are at rest. (speed) is somewhat reduced] Two pairs of zero burners are generally sufficient, and it is advantageous to arrange two pairs of zero burners.

If there are two or more pairs of burners in the reactor, the six pairs of burners can be supplied with fuel from a common fuel supply means. The other ends of all fuel tubes connected to the burner are preferably connected to seven fuel supply means common to them.

In this case, it is preferable to connect a plurality of intermediate pipes to a common conduit or hollow, and to connect a plurality of pairs of fuel pipes to these intermediate pipes. In a preferred embodiment, a common fuel supply means is arranged coaxially on the upper or lower side of the reactor, according to which a plurality of fuel pipes are connected to a common fuel supply means.
Two conduits also. is very easy to connect to Horano R- as described above.

In the latter embodiment, it is preferred that all pairs of burners have the same fuel pipes connected to them. Even if two or more pairs of burners are used in other embodiments, the fuel pipes should be as identical as possible. Is this purpose for multiple pairs? This can be achieved by arranging the burners on the side wall of the reactor such that the height of each burner is slightly different from each other. It is also possible to install several burners on the side wall at the same height and to bend the fuel tube slightly.

For example, if a large number of burners are installed in an upright reactor, one pair of fuel tubes should be oriented slightly upwards and another pair downwards, thereby directing these fuels. This ensures that the tubes do not intersect in the same plane.

Next, in order to more specifically illustrate the present invention, some specific examples will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figures 1 to 3 each show specific examples of the present invention, but insulating materials, control devices, valves, measuring instruments, etc. are not shown in these drawings to simplify the description. . Furthermore, it is to be understood that the scope of the invention is in no way limited to only what is illustrated in the drawings.

The gasification reactor shown in FIG. 1 will be explained.

The gasification reactor (1) has two burners (2) and (/
02) are placed facing each other.

Fuel pipes (3) and C103 are connected to burners (,2) and (/(172)), respectively. The two fuel pipes (3) and ClO3') are arranged symmetrically. The fuel pipe (3) is connected to Horano 4-C7> via the air conveyor (4') and the hopper outlet (B). The fuel pipe ClO3') is connected to the air conveyor (C7") via the outlet of the pipe C3') and C7").
10! ;)'t- via air conveyor (≠) and (10
Hiroshi). Preferably, the gas pressures in the tubes (1) and (10j) are equal to each other. Advantageously, this gas is supplied from a common gas source (not shown).

The fuel/carrier gas mixture produced in the air conveyor is delivered to the burner through fuel pipes.

Regarding the gasification apparatus shown in Fig. 2, the gasification reactor (//) has a λ pair of burners (/2), (//, 2).
, (/ri) and (//ri) are installed. burner(/
l) and (//, 2) are installed facing each other.

One end of each of the symmetrically arranged fuel tubes (/3) and (//3) is connected to the burner (/, 2) and (//3).
/, 2), and the other end is connected to the intermediate tube (
/IA). This intermediate pipe (itt) serves as a common fuel supply means for both of the above-mentioned fuel pipes.
). The intermediate pipe (c) is equipped with a high pressure hopper (
7g) through its outlet (/7).

Carrier gas is supplied via pipe (/B).

The burners (/) and (//) are installed opposite to the side wall of the reactor, but their height is slightly lower than that of the burners (12) and (//, 2). Burner (/ri)
and (//ri) have symmetrically arranged fuel pipes (-
〇) and Cl2O'') are connected respectively.The fuel pipes (〇 and Cl20) are connected to the intermediate pipe (21).

Paniner (/ri) and (//ri) are burners (/2)
and (//, 2) Since they are arranged at a slightly lower position, when these two pairs of burners are kept horizontally, they do not lie on the same plane and do not intersect. Intermediate tube (
2/) is connected to the air conveyor (22). The air conveyor (22) is thus supplied with fuel from the outlet (23) of the horanog (24t). Carrier gas is piped (2j)
is supplied to the air conveyor (2j).

Referring to the specific example shown in FIG. 3, the gasification reactor (3/) has a gas outlet (32), a slag outlet (33) and two burners (31A) and (/[4'). One symmetrically arranged fuel pipe (3j) and (/33;) is connected to the burner (3≠) and (/3≠), respectively.

The fuel pipes (3) and (/36) are arranged in an upward direction toward the intermediate pipe (3). In other words, the intermediate pipe (3) is connected to the fuel pipe (3) at a location on the center line of the reactor.
This is done so that it branches into (/33) and (/33). The intermediate pipe (3) is connected to an air conveyor (37), which in turn supplies the fuel via the outlet (3) of the high pressure hopper (lAO) and the carrier gas. , tubes (3).

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic horizontal sectional view of a specific example of the device of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic horizontal sectional view of an example of an apparatus according to the invention having a reactor provided with ≠ burners. FIG. 3 is a schematic horizontal cross-sectional view of an example of the apparatus of the present invention in which a common fuel supply means is provided above the reactor. /, // and 3/...gasification reactor; λ, /2°/
! P, 31A, 102. //2. //ri and 13≠・
...Burner", 3./3,20,3.3;, 103°//3, /20 and /3j...Fuel pipe;≠, /j
. 22.37*- and 10≠... air conveyor; j. /l, 23.31 and 10j...Carrier gas supply pipe: lpa/7r, 23m3? and 101r・*yノq
− outlet”, 7./l!i′, 2≠ and ≠0... high pressure hopper; /≠, 2/ and 3 B... intermediate pipe; 32
...Gas outlet; 33...Slag outlet.

Claims (8)

[Claims] (1) at least/pair of burners (2), CIo,
2'), these burners (, 2), (10, 2) are arranged opposite to each other on the side walls of the reactor, with at least seven A powder fuel gasifier comprising a fuel supply means (7) connected to a fuel pipe (3) communicating with the burner (CIo3), wherein the l pair of burners Fuel pipe (3) connected to. C103) are arranged symmetrically with one fuel supply means common to them as a starting point. (2) The device according to claim 1, wherein the common fuel supply means is a high pressure hopper. (3) Claim 1, characterized in that the common fuel supply means is an intermediate pipe connected to a high-pressure pipe.
Equipment described in Section. (4) Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the common fuel supply means is arranged coaxially with the reactor.
Apparatus according to any one of paragraphs. (5) The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the common fuel supply means is coaxially arranged above or below the stand reactor. (6) The device according to claim ≠ or 5, wherein the plurality of fuel pipes connected to all burners are identical to each other. (7) Claim 1, characterized in that at least λ pairs of burners are arranged on the side wall of the reactor.
Apparatus according to any one of clause 6. (8) A device as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that all fuel pipes connected to the burner are connected to their common fuel supply means.