JPS648256B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a central hot water supply system for housing complexes such as apartments and condominiums.

Generally, in housing complexes such as apartments and condominiums, it is more advantageous in terms of installation space and exhaust gas treatment to install a hot water supply system in one place and adopt a centralized hot water supply system, rather than installing a water heater in each dwelling unit. For this reason, various types of central water heaters for apartment buildings have been proposed.

However, as shown in FIG. 3, a conventional central water heater of this type is equipped with a water heater 1 equipped with a plurality of instantaneous water heaters in parallel and a large heat exchanger 2. The hot water is circulated through the heat exchanger 2 via the circulation pipe 3, and this hot water is heat exchanged with the water supplied into the heat exchanger 2.
Hot water for hot water supply is produced indoors. In addition, in such a central hot water supply system, a temperature detector is disposed in the circulation pipe 3, and a heat exchanger using hot water supplied from the heat exchanger 2 according to a temperature change of the circulating hot water in the circulation pipe 3 is installed. 2 is detected, and the number of operating instantaneous water heaters of the water heating device 1 is sequentially increased or decreased in accordance with this load fluctuation, thereby increasing or decreasing the amount of circulating hot water. Therefore, in conventional central water heaters of this type, heat loss is large because hot water is constantly circulated, and a large heat exchanger is required in addition to each instantaneous water heater, which increases equipment costs. I had no choice but to colander.

The present invention has been made with attention to the above-mentioned circumstances, and its main purpose is to directly detect load fluctuations in a hot water supply device due to the use of hot water based on the amount of hot water used, and to improve hot water circulation for detecting load fluctuations. The purpose of this invention is to eliminate the need for large heat exchangers, suppress heat loss, reduce running costs, and reduce equipment costs.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained based on FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a central hot water supply apparatus according to the present invention. This water heater A includes a plurality of instantaneous water heaters 10a, 10b, 10
c and a hot water storage tank 20 as main components, and each instantaneous water heater 10a to 10c is connected to the main water supply pipe 3.
1 and the main hot water supply pipe 32 in parallel.
Further, a main hot water supply pipe 32 is connected to the hot water storage tank 20, and the hot water supply pipe 33 of the hot water storage tank 20 is connected to each dwelling unit H ₁ ,
It is connected to _H2 hot water taps 41a to 41d and 42a to 42d.

Each instantaneous water heater 10a to 10c is a known type that operates in response to water supply pressure to each heat exchanger section 11, 11, 11 and supplies hot water at a predetermined temperature. , each branch pipe 31a to 31c from the main water supply pipe 31 and each branch pipe 32a to 32c from the main hot water supply pipe 32 are connected. In addition, normally closed solenoid valves 12a to 12c are disposed in each branch pipe line 31a to 31c, and each solenoid valve 1
2a to 12c open and water is supplied to each heat exchanger part 11 to 11, the ventilate parts 13, 13, 13
A differential pressure is generated, and the diaphragms 14, 14, 14 push the gas valves 15, 15, 15, gas is supplied to the burners 16, 16, 16 according to the amount of water supplied and ignited, and the water flows through each heat exchanger. In sections 11 to 11, the water is heated to a predetermined temperature. This hot water is supplied into the hot water storage tank 20 through each of the branch pipes 32a to 32c and the main hot water supply pipe 32. In addition, the code|symbol 34 has shown the gas supply pipe line.

On the other hand, inside the hot water storage tank 20, the hot water storage tank 20
A level switch 21 is provided to detect each water level L ₁ to _{L 4} of hot water in the tank. This level switch 21 is connected to a control box 22 that controls the opening and closing operations of each electromagnetic valve 12a-12c, and controls each electromagnetic valve 12a-12c and each instantaneous water heater 10a-10c as follows. That is, when the hot water level drops from _L1 and reaches _L2 , the first solenoid valve 12a is opened and the first instantaneous water heater 10a is activated.
is activated, and when the water level reaches _L1 , the first solenoid valve 12a is closed and the first instantaneous water heater 10a is deactivated. In addition, regardless of the operation of the first instantaneous water heater 10a, when the hot water level drops from L ₂ and reaches L ₃ , the second solenoid valve 12b is opened and the second instantaneous water heater 10b is turned off.
is activated, and when the water level reaches _L2 , the second electromagnetic valve 12b is closed to deactivate the second instantaneous water heater 10b. Furthermore, the first and second instantaneous water heaters 10
Regardless of the operation of valves a and 10b, when the water level drops below _L3 and reaches _L4 , the third solenoid valve 12c is opened and the third solenoid valve 12c is opened.
The instantaneous water heater 10c is operated, and when the water level reaches _L3 , the third solenoid valve 12c is closed to deactivate the third instantaneous water heater 10c. The operating states of the instantaneous water heaters 10a to 10c described above are shown in FIG. In FIG. 2, the symbol ON indicates the starting point of each instantaneous water heater 10a to 10c, and the symbol
OFF indicates the end of operation (non-operation) point.

In the water heater A, the first instantaneous water heater 1
The first solenoid valve 12a of the branch pipe 31a at 0a
Hot water supply pipe 3 on the downstream side and the hot water storage tank 20
The downstream side from the hot water pump 33a of No. 3 is the circulation pipe 3.
5, and circulation system paths 31a, 11, 32 are connected between the first instantaneous water heater 10a and the hot water storage tank 20.
A, 20, P, 35 are formed. A normally closed electromagnetic valve 35a is disposed in the circulation pipe 35, and a thermostat 23 is disposed in the hot water storage tank 20. This thermostat 23
functions to detect when the hot water in the hot water storage tank 20 reaches the lower limit of the set temperature and open the solenoid valve 35a. When the solenoid valve 35a is opened, the hot water in the hot water storage tank 20 is circulated through the circulation pipe 35, thereby operating the first instantaneous water heater 10a. In addition, the code|symbol 36 has shown the flow restrictor.

In the water heater A configured in this manner, the hot water storage tank 20 is filled with hot water within the set temperature range, the water level of the hot water is at _L1 , and each of the solenoid valves 12a to 12c, 35a is closed. Each instantaneous water heater 10a-10c is in a non-operating state. In this state, the hot water tap 41a of each dwelling unit H ₁ and H ₂
When at least one of ~41d and 42a~42d is opened, hot water in the hot water storage tank 20 flows into the hot water pump 33.
Hot water is supplied to each dwelling unit H ₁ and H ₂ by a, and the amount of hot water in the hot water storage tank 20 changes depending on the amount of hot water used.
Water level fluctuates. When the water level of hot water in the hot water storage tank 20 falls and reaches _L2 , the level switch 21
detects this and opens the first solenoid valve 12a. As a result, water is supplied to the heat exchanger section 11 of the first instantaneous water heater 10a, and at the same time, the first instantaneous water heater 10a is activated, and hot water at a predetermined temperature flows from the first instantaneous water heater 10a into the hot water storage tank 20. will be replenished. When the amount of hot water supplied is greater than the amount of hot water used, the water level in the hot water storage tank 20 rises and reaches _L1 . When the water level reaches L ₁ , the level switch 21 detects this and the first
The solenoid valve 12a is closed to deactivate the first instantaneous water heater 10a, and further supply of hot water is stopped. That is, when the amount of hot water used is less than the amount of hot water supplied by the first instantaneous water heater 10a, the first instantaneous water heater 1
Only 0a repeatedly operates and deactivates (Fig. 2 1
0a).

When the amount of hot water used exceeds the amount of hot water supplied to the first instantaneous water heater 10a, the level of hot water in the hot water storage tank 20 further decreases and reaches _L3 . When the water level reaches _L3 , the level switch 21 detects this and opens the second solenoid valve 12b. As a result, water is also supplied to the heat exchanger section 11 of the second instantaneous water heater 10b, and the second instantaneous water heater 10b also operates, and hot water at a predetermined temperature is supplied from the first and second instantaneous water heaters 10a and 10b. The hot water storage tank 20 is replenished. Both instantaneous water heaters 10a,
When the amount of hot water supplied from 10b is greater than the amount of hot water used, the water level in the hot water storage tank 20 rises to L ₂
reach. When the water level reaches _L2 , the level switch 21 detects this and closes the second electromagnetic valve 12b to deactivate the second instantaneous water heater 10b. That is, the amount of hot water used is less than the hot water supply amount of both instantaneous water heaters 10a and 10b, and the first instantaneous water heater 10a
If the supply amount of hot water is larger than the amount of hot water supplied, only the second instantaneous water heater 10b repeatedly operates and deactivates while the first instantaneous water heater 10a remains in operation (the second
(see Figures 10a, 10b).

Note that the amount of hot water used is 10 for the first and second instantaneous water heaters.
When the amount of hot water supplied is greater than that of hot water a and 10b, the third instantaneous water heater 10c also operates and the three instantaneous water heaters 10
Hot water is replenished from a to 10c, and only the third instantaneous water heater 10c repeatedly operates and deactivates between water levels _L3 to _L4 (Fig. 2 10a, 10b, 10c).
c).

On the other hand, when all the instantaneous water heaters 10a to 10c continue to be inactive and the temperature of the hot water in the hot water storage tank 20 gradually decreases due to heat radiation and reaches the lower limit of the set temperature range, the thermostat 23 is turned off. This is detected and the solenoid valve 35a is opened. As a result, the hot water in the hot water storage tank 20 is circulated through the heat exchanger section 11 of the first instantaneous water heater 10a by the hot water supply pump 33a, and the first instantaneous water heater 10a is operated. Therefore, the hot water in the hot water storage tank 20 is circulated and heated by the first instantaneous water heater 10a, and when it reaches the upper limit of the set temperature range, the thermostat 23 detects this, closes the solenoid valve 35a, and closes the solenoid valve 35a. 1 instant water heater 10a
deactivate. Thereby, the hot water in the hot water storage tank 20 is always maintained within the set temperature range.

In this way, in the hot water supply device A, the load fluctuation of the hot water supply device due to the use of hot water is handled by the hot water storage tank 20.
This is done based on the hot water level within the tank, that is, the amount of hot water used, so it is possible to eliminate the hot water circulation that was conventionally performed all the time to detect load fluctuations, and it is possible to significantly reduce heat loss. It is possible to omit the large heat exchanger that was used for each instantaneous water heater. Furthermore, according to the water heater A, even if the instantaneous water heaters 10a to 10c are inactive for a long time, the hot water in the hot water storage tank 20 is circulated for a short period of time to operate one instantaneous water heater. By only operating for a short time, the hot water in the hot water storage tank 20 can be maintained within the set temperature range at all times.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and the number of instant water heaters and the capacity of the hot water storage tank can be set appropriately according to the amount of hot water used in the apartment complex. As for the container, water level detector, temperature detector, etc., conventionally known appropriate ones can be used.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of a water heater according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the level of hot water in the hot water storage tank and the operating state of each instantaneous water heater.
FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of a conventional water heater. Explanation of symbols, A...Water heater, _H1 , _H2 ...Each dwelling unit, 10a to 10c...Instantaneous water heater, 11...Heat exchanger section, 12a to 12c...Solenoid valve, 20...Hot water storage tank, 21...Level switch , 23... Thermostat, 31... Main water supply pipe, 32... Main hot water supply pipe, 33
...Hot water supply pipe, 35...Circulation pipe, 35a...Solenoid valve.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A plurality of instantaneous water heaters that operate according to water supply pressure to a heat exchanger section and supply hot water at a predetermined temperature, and hot water supply pipes of these instantaneous water heaters are joined and connected. a hot water storage tank connected to a large number of hot water supply pipes of each dwelling unit, and a solenoid valve for intermittent water supply is provided in the water supply pipe to each heat exchanger section of each instantaneous water heater; A water level detector for detecting water levels in multiple stages is disposed in the hot water storage tank, and in response to the water level detection operation of the water level detector, each of the solenoid valves is opened and closed to sequentially control the number of operating instantaneous water heaters. A central hot water supply system for apartment buildings that can be increased or decreased. 2 A plurality of instantaneous water heaters that operate according to the water supply pressure to the heat exchanger section to supply hot water at a predetermined temperature, and the hot water supply pipes of these instantaneous water heaters are merged and connected, and a large number of water heaters in each dwelling unit are connected to each other. A solenoid valve is provided in the water supply pipe to each heat exchanger section of each of the instantaneous water heaters, and a solenoid valve is provided in the water supply pipe to each heat exchanger section of each of the instantaneous water heaters. A water level detector is provided to detect the water level, and in response to the water level detection operation of the water level detector, each of the solenoid valves is opened and closed to sequentially increase or decrease the number of operating instantaneous water heaters. , and the hot water supply pipe of the hot water storage tank and the water supply pipe to the heat exchanger section of one instantaneous water heater in each of the instantaneous water heaters are connected to create a connection between the heat exchanger section and the hot water storage tank. A central hot water supply system for an apartment complex, comprising a circulation pipe and a solenoid valve that is activated and opened when a temperature detector provided in the hot water storage tank detects a predetermined temperature in the circulation pipe.