JPS6411407B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a gear chamfering machine, and more particularly to its tool mechanism.

In spiral bevel gears and the like, sharp edges are formed at the tooth end edges on the front and rear end surfaces in the axial direction of the gear, and these need to be chamfered. As a conventional technique, in Japanese Patent Publication No. 33-749, a swinging arm is provided on a tool axis perpendicular to a spindle on which a gear to be machined is attached, and a pair of cutting tools for chamfering are provided at one end of the swinging arm. During chamfering work, the swinging arm is driven to swing by the tool shaft, and at that time, one of the pair of cutting tools cuts off a sharp edge formed on the front end side of one tooth of the gear to be machined. However, the other of the pair of cutting tools cuts out the sharp edge formed on the rear end side.
A cutting tool for cutting a sharp edge at the front end and a cutting tool for cutting a sharp edge at the rear end are attached to the swing arm in parallel. Therefore, by one swing of the swinging arm, the cutting of the sharp edge on the front end side and the cutting of the sharp edge on the rear end side are performed simultaneously.

In the prior art, the sharp edges are removed at the front end and the rear end at the same time. Therefore, if an attempt is made to completely chamfer with one stroke, the shear load received during cutting becomes large, and a correspondingly large driving force is required from the device.
Therefore, the cutting is performed multiple times at the same location with different cutting depths to prevent the driving force from increasing. Therefore, a mechanism is required that allows the cutting tool to make multiple cuts at the same location by changing the cutting amount.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to maintain the driving force of the device small and to control the cutting amount of the cutting tool in one step.

According to the present invention, the gear surface is chamfered by a plurality of radially extending bits attached to a tool axis orthogonal to the spindle, on both ends of teeth of a gear to be machined attached to a spindle rotated by a rotational drive source. In the lathe, the tool shaft is connected to the rotational drive source via a swing link mechanism, and a tool head is attached to the tool shaft, and the tool head rotates along with the tool shaft in a plane parallel to the spindle axis. It has a rotating disk that reciprocates within a predetermined angular range around an axis, and a plurality of tool holders each holding a cutting tool are removably attached at predetermined angular intervals on the rotating disk, Thereby, there is provided a gear chamfering machine characterized in that the tool bit alternately chamfers both end edges of the gear during reciprocating angular movement of the rotary disk of the tool head.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIGS. 1 and 2 show an overall outline of the gear chamfering machine according to the present invention.

A motor 5 is installed in the machine base 1 which has an adjuster 3.
A rotary drive source such as the like is built-in, and the drive shaft 9 is rotationally driven via the belt 7. The rotating shaft 9 is rotatably supported within a housing 11 mounted on the machine base 1. A worm 13 is formed on the rotating shaft 9, and a worm home 15 is engaged with the worm 13. The wheel 15 is connected to a link arm 19 via a shaft 17 supported by the housing 11. The link arm 19 is pivotally connected to the other link arm 27 via levers 23 and 25. The levers 23 and 25 are connected by an elongated hole 31 and a pin (set screw) 33 so that their length can be adjusted. The link arm 27 is connected to a tool shaft 39 of a single disk (tool head) 37 to which a tool holder 35 for holding a chamfering tool 30 such as a cutting tool is attached, and causes the disk 37 to swing. The tool shaft 39 is rotatably supported by a bearing sleeve 41 attached to the housing 11. Mounted on the disc 37 are two tool holders 35, preferably 90° out of phase, each having a tool 30. Upper edge of gear 100 to be chamfered (e.g. spiral bevel gear)
100A is chamfered (deburred) with one tool 30 and the lower edge 100B is chamfered with the other tool 30. To explain this method of chamfering with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6, the spiral tooth bevel gear 100 is
-1 is formed with teeth 100-2 that are somewhat inclined. The edge 100A of one tooth on the large diameter end face side of the gear, and the edge 1 of the tooth on the small diameter end face side.
00B forms a sharp edge. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the axis 39 of the tool 30 is located perpendicular to the spindle axis 100-1.
The tip 3 of the tool 30 is rotated by the swinging rotation of the tool shaft 39.
0' is expressed schematically as a reciprocating motion between the solid line and the dashed-dotted line in Fig. 5 as shown by the arrow f in a plane perpendicular to a plane parallel to the spindle axis (coinciding with the plane of the paper). , Sharp Edge 100
A, 100B is removed by shearing. 100
The adjacent teeth indicated by -2 are in the state 100A' after chamfering,
100B' is shown schematically. The chamfering of the edge 100A on the large-diameter end face side and the edge 100B on the small-diameter end face side of the gear are not performed at the same time so as not to increase the load applied to the device. This is done alternately, ie, one at a time, in each oscillation. In order to perform alternating chamfering by the oscillating rotation of the tool shaft 39, the rotation of the motor 5 is transmitted to the drive shaft 9 via the belt 7, and is further transmitted to the shaft via the worm 13, the worm wheel 15, and the oscillating link mechanism. 39, as a result of which the tool holder 35 and thus the tool 30 are brought into the machining position alternately with pendulum vibration. Since the mounting position of the lever 25 can be adjusted with respect to the link arm 27 by an adjustment screw 26, the swing angle of the plate 37 (for example, 90° to 95°) can be adjusted as desired. In addition, the adjustment mechanism of the elongated hole 31 and pin 33 allows the plate 3
7 swing angle positions can be adjusted.

A cam plate 43 is fixed to the shaft 17, and a cam follower 45 provided at the lower end of the lever 47 is pressed against the plate 43. The lever 47 is pivotally connected to the housing 11 via a pin 49.
It is able to swing freely around 9. Another lever 51 is pivotally attached to the upper end of the lever 47. A plate 55 having a claw 53 is attached to the tip of the lever 51.
is pivotally connected via a pin 58, and the pawl 53 engages with a ratchet wheel 57 to rotate it by a predetermined pitch. plate 55
is connected to the swing plate 63 via a pin 61. The swing plate 63 is rotatably supported by a rotating shaft 59 supported by the housing 11 . Thus, when the lever 47 swings about the pin 49, the lever 51 reciprocates back and forth, and as a result, the pawl 53 rotates the ratchet wheel 57 by a predetermined angle. A bevel gear 67 is rotatably attached to the tip of the rotating shaft 59 of the ratchet 57, and the rotation of the ratchet 57 is transmitted to the drawbar 73 of the collect chuck 71 via another bevel gear 69 that meshes with the bevel gear 67. The spindle 73A extends in a direction perpendicular to the tool axis 39 of the tool holder, and is telescopically supported by a hydraulic cylinder 80 and rotatably supported by bevel gears 67 and 69.

A workpiece (for example, a spiral bevel gear) 100 is held by a collection chuck 71 so as to be rotatable and movable back and forth. The cylinder 80 is supplied from a hydraulic booster 83 supported by the machine base 1. Hydraulic cylinder 80 serves to rotatably fix workpiece 100 to spindle 73A.

A positioning locator pin 81 constituting a gear indexing mechanism is provided at the upper part of the housing 11. Locator pin 81 is attached to pin 85 on support block 83.
The other end of the lever 87 is formed at one end of a lever 87 which is pivotally connected through a piston rod 93 of an actuator, such as a cylinder 91.
Therefore, the lever 87 is caused to swing about the pin 85 by the piston rod 93 of the cylinder 91. A handle 99 is attached to the lever 87 so that the lever 87 can be rotated manually. Note that 64 and 98 are the rocking plates 6, respectively.
3 and the lever 87 to their initial positions.

The air cylinder 91 is a double-acting cylinder and is connected to a mechanical valve (switching valve) via an air switching valve 101.
105. Mechanical valve 105 is connected to air supply source 110 (FIG. 4) and switches air therefrom to air switching valve 101 .
As a result, the air cylinder 91 double-moves back and forth (FIG. 4). The valve 105 itself is the cam plate 43
It is activated by.

An inclined surface 55A is formed at the tip of the plate 55, and the tip of a stopper 56 fixed to the support block 52 can be engaged with this inclined surface.
The support block 52 is attached to a plate 58 fixed to the housing 11 so as to be adjustable in angle. The attachment of the tool 30 to the tool holder 35 is performed using No. 3A, 3.
As shown in Figure B, the tool 30 housed in the guide groove 35 of the tool holder 35 only needs to be stopped by the tool holder 36 from above with a screw or the like. The protruding length of the tool 30 is determined by an adjustment bolt 32 pressed against the rear end of the tool 30. Although the tool holder 35 itself is attached to the plate 37 using screws 34, it is preferable to form a long pothole 28 in the tool holder 35 so that the screws 34 can be slightly loosened without having to remove each screw 34 one by one. Place the tool holder 35 so that 34 is located at the large diameter part of the long hole 28.
tool holder 3 by simply sliding it on plate 37
5 is detachable from the plate 37.

The device configured as described above operates as follows.
When motor 5 is turned on, drive shaft 9 and worm 1
3. The tool shaft 39 is repeatedly rotated within a certain angular range via the worm wheel 15, the worm wheel shaft 17, and the swing link mechanisms 19, 23, 25, and 27. That is, the plate 37 on which the tool holder 35 is attached swings, bringing the two tools 30 alternately into the machining position, and as already mentioned in connection with FIGS. An edge 100 constituting a sharp edge in
Chamfering of A and 100B is performed alternately by each cutting tool 30.

On the other hand, the rotation of the worm wheel shaft 17 causes the cam plate 43 to rotate, and as a result, the lever 47 rotates counterclockwise about the pivot pin 49 via the cam follower 45, pushing the pawl 53 forward. As a result, the ratchet wheel 57 rotates, and the rotation is transmitted to the workpiece 100 via the bevel gears 67 and 69. In this way, the workpiece 100 is fed one tooth at a time. When the workpiece 100 is fed one tooth, the pawl 53 is removed from the ratchet wheel 57 by the slope 55A of the plate 55 coming into contact with the stopper 56 and being pushed up. That is, until the cam follower 45 comes into contact with the cam action surface of the cam plate 43 again,
The engagement between the claw 53 and the ratchet wheel 57 remains released. At this time, the air cylinder 91 (actuator) is operated via the mechanical valve 105 and the air switching valve 101 operated by the cam plate 43, and the locator pin 81 engages in the tooth groove of the workpiece 100. Preferably, the conical locator pin 81 with a rounded tip slides into the tooth groove of the workpiece 100, so that even if the angular position of the workpiece 100 shifts slightly with each pitch feed, the shift is always corrected by the locator pin. That will happen. That is, the locator pin 81 allows the workpiece to be reliably indexed and positioned each time the workpiece 100 is fed one pitch. As described above, the engagement between the pawl 53 and the ratchet wheel 57 is released when the locator pin 81 engages in the tooth groove of the work 100 and the index position of the work 100 is slightly deviated. This is to allow the workpiece to freely rotate slightly in any direction (clockwise or counterclockwise) by the amount of positional deviation. Therefore, when the workpiece 100 is slightly rotated by the locator pin 81, the rotation is transmitted to the pawl wheel 57 via the bevel gears 69 and 67, but the pawl axle 59 rotates relative to the swing plate 63.
It just spins around idle.

The locator pin 81 needs to be positioned with respect to the workpiece 100 only before chamfering the workpiece. This initial positioning can be easily accomplished manually with handle 99. After that, the locator pin 81 is moved to the piston rod 9 by the cylinder 91 every time the workpiece 100 is fed one pitch.
3 and lever 87, the workpiece 100 is automatically engaged and disengaged between the tooth grooves of the workpiece 100, and the workpiece 100 is accurately indexed and positioned. When the cylinder 91 moves back, the locator pin 81 is automatically separated from the tooth groove of the workpiece 100 by the return spring 98 and returns to the initial position.

Note that the workpiece 100 is not limited to the spiral bevel gear of the illustrated embodiment, but can of course be applied to a normal bevel gear.

Furthermore, by appropriately selecting the shape of the tip of the locator pin, it is possible to eliminate the need to replace the locator pin during setup change (workpiece replacement). That is, for example, if the modules are the same and the number of teeth is 1,
If three types of workpieces 100 (0, 11, and 12 pieces) need to be machined, for example, if the locator pin is positioned according to the number of teeth 11, the number of teeth 100 (10 teeth) can be processed using the same locator pin. When the number of teeth is 11 (-3.3° deviation per pitch) and when the number of teeth is 12 (approximately +2.7° deviation), the locator pin is located on the left groove wall of the workpiece tooth groove or Although there is a difference in whether the workpiece comes into contact with the groove wall on the right side, it is possible to enter the tooth groove while rotating the workpiece. Furthermore, for the same reason, it is possible to index the workpieces without replacing the locator pin even in the case of workpieces having slightly different helix angles.

Further, since there is no gear meshing part other than the worm and worm wheel part, the noise or vibration of the entire device is low.

As described above, the present invention eliminates the need for a special tool feeding device and performs shear chamfering on a workpiece by rotating the tool in a plane parallel to the axis of the spindle, that is, in a direction transverse to the workpiece. It is. Furthermore, according to the present invention, the tool 30 can be replaced with a single touch, including the tool holder.
Not only can the setup change work be performed easily and reliably in a short time, but it also eliminates the need for positioning the tool holder each time.

As described above, in the present invention, in order to chamfer the tooth edges that constitute the sharp edges on the large-diameter end face and the small-diameter end face of a spiral-tooth bevel gear, etc., a rotating circle that oscillates in a plane parallel to the spindle axis is used. A pair of cutting tools 30 are provided on the plate 37 at a predetermined angle apart, and chamfering of the large-diameter end face and the small-diameter end face is performed alternately in one swing of the rotary disk 37. Since multiple edges are not chamfered at the same time, excessive load is not applied to the cutting tool during chamfering, and there is no need to change the amount of chamfering on each edge in multiple stages, making it a one-time operation. Therefore, the device for chamfering becomes simpler and the working time can be reduced.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is an external perspective view of a gear chamfering machine according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing the internal mechanism of the main part of Fig. 1, and Figs. 3A and 3B are front views of the tool holder. and a side view, FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the operating circuit for the actuator of the index positioning pin, FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of the bevel gear being chamfered according to the present invention, and FIG. 6 is the bevel gear chamfered according to the present invention. A perspective view showing one tooth of. 1...Machine base, 5...Motor, 9...Drive shaft,
13... Worm, 15... Worm wheel,
30...Tool, 35...Tool holder, 37...Tool head, 39...Rotating shaft, 43...Cam plate, 73...Spindle, 81...Locator pin, 91...Cylinder, 100...Work.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a gear chamfering machine that chamfers both edges of teeth of a gear to be machined mounted on a spindle rotated by a rotational drive source using a plurality of radially extending bits mounted on a tool shaft perpendicular to the spindle, the tool described above is used. A shaft is connected to the rotational drive source via a swing link mechanism, and a tool head is attached to the tool shaft, and the tool head is rotated along with the tool shaft in a plane parallel to the spindle axis and centered on the axis of the tool shaft. It has a rotating disk that reciprocates within a predetermined angular range, and a plurality of tool holders each holding a cutting tool are removably attached at predetermined angular intervals on the rotating disk. A gear chamfering machine characterized in that the cutting tool chamfers both end edges of the gear alternately during reciprocating angular movement of the rotating disk.