JPS59183626A - Culture soil material for growing plant - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a soil material for growing plants that uses non-geometric fibers.

As a cultivating soil material for growing plants, it goes without saying that it will not impede the germination and growth of plants, but it must also have good air permeability.
Good water retention is required. Conventionally, it has been proposed to use artificial inorganic fibers as a material that satisfies such requirements.

(Refer to Japanese Patent Publication No. 41-12642) This proposal proposes that artificial inorganic fibers be used mainly as culture soil, mixed with clay soil to impart porosity, and mixed with sandy soil to increase water adsorption and retention. It is intended to improve soil quality.

However, inorganic fibers, especially I) laccour and glass wool, show basicity in soaking water, resulting in high l)H, which is particularly inconvenient in culture soil for raising rice seedlings, as it is said that lower I)l-( is better. There is.

In addition, inorganic fibers contain almost no fertilizing ingredients such as nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium, so they are used for raising and growing plant seedlings.
If so, fertilization is necessary.

The present invention aims to solve this problem, and its gist is as follows:
This is a soil material for growing plants that is mainly composed of inorganic fibers containing at least 1 gram of ammonium, a mineral acid.

As the inorganic fibers, rock wool (also called mineral wool or slag wool) or glass wool, which is made by dissolving blast furnace slag produced as a by-product in steel mills, or natural minerals such as basalt, andesite, and diabase, and turning it into fibers, is used. It will be zero. In some cases, inorganic fibers may be mixed with a small amount of natural fibers (such as bulbs), artificial fibers, or synthetic fibers.

In the present invention, ammonium salts of mineral acids that adjust the basicity of inorganic fibers and provide fertilizing effects include ammonium sulfate,
Examples include ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, and ammonium phosphate (particularly diammonium hydrogen phosphate), and ammonium sulfate and ammonium chloride are particularly preferred for raising rice seedlings. These may be used alone or in combination, and the appropriate blending amount is 0.1 to 10%, preferably 0.5 to 5%, more preferably 1 to 3%, based on the inorganic fiber.

In addition, the blending method includes soaking non-slenotic fibers in an aqueous solution of these salts and drying them, spraying these salts onto inorganic fibers and drying them, or uniformly mixing salt powder with inorganic fibers. -There is a way to do it.

Furthermore, when using an inorganic fiber molded product obtained by processing inorganic fiber into a mat shape, plate shape, etc. as a plant cultivation method, the above treatment method may be applied to the molded product. However, it is possible to mix an ammonium salt of a mineral acid with the binder used for moldability and apply it to the inorganic fiber together with the binder. When the ammonium salt of the mineral acid in the binder comes into contact with water, it gradually dissolves and its effect appears. Therefore, it is mild and has good sustainability, so even if the amount of ammonium salt of mineral acid is increased, problems due to excessive fertilizer will not occur, and the effect will last for a long period of time.

Binders used for inorganic fiber molding include synthetic resin binders such as phenol resin, melamine resin, urea resin, /1 vinyl resin, and polyhinyl alcohol, and natural binders such as starch, glue, gelatin, and casein. can be given. Particularly advantageous is a method in which inorganic fibers are sprayed with a thermosetting resin binder such as phenol resin, melamine resin, or urea resin, and then heated to a predetermined temperature and molded.

Ammonium salts of mineral acids have the effect of adjusting the basicity of inorganic fibers, and within the range of the above blending amount, the product's pf-1
The soil is reduced to about 4 to 5, which is particularly suitable as a soil for raising paddy rice seedlings. In addition, it can also be expected to have a fertilizing effect as a nitrogen fertilizer or nitrogen phosphate fertilizer.

If the amount of ammonium salt of mineral acid is less than 0.1%, these effects cannot be expected, and if it exceeds 10%, germination may be impaired or various problems may occur due to excessive fertilizer use.

Furthermore, if necessary, fertilizing ingredients such as potash and phosphoric acid may be added together with ammonium salts of mineral acids. For example, for raising paddy rice seedlings, potassium fertilizers such as L, potassium chloride and potassium nitrate, and phosphoric acid fertilizers such as personic acid Cj ash and ammonium phosphate can be mixed.

More preferably, the inorganic fibers are hydrophilically treated.

Parent tree treatment can be carried out by treatment with a nonionic activator and/or polyhydric alcohol. Examples of nonionic activators include alkyl polyoxyethylene ether, argyl phenyl polyoxyethylene conieter,
AlkylcarbonylΔxypolyethylene, N,N-di(
Typical examples include polyoxyethylene)alkanamide, fatty acid polyhydric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, fatty acid sucrose ester, fatty acid monoglyceride, N,N-di(alkanol)alkanamide, and the like.

In addition, polyhydric alcohol 'C' is ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1-rimethylene glycol,
1,2-butanediol, 1゜3-butanesil, 1
．． Representative examples include 4-butanediol, glycerin, butanetriol, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, diglycerin, and the like.

If inorganic fibers are hydrophilized using these methods, the balance between water retention and aeration will be improved when used as a potting soil, improving germination rate and plant growth.

Next, examples and comparative examples will be described.

Example 1 In the process of melting blast furnace slag to produce rock wool,
An aqueous solution containing a mixture of phenol resin as a binder and polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether as a water-absorbing agent is sprayed onto rock wool and heated to obtain a density of 100 g/l.
A rock wool molded product (sample 1) containing 2% by weight of binder and 1% by weight of water absorbing agent was manufactured.

This rock wool molded product was immersed in an aqueous solution of ammonium jn, a mineral acid shown in Table 1, and dried to obtain a treated product (12 samples).
-8) were produced. Also, for comparison, is it made of rock wool? 1′! The product was immersed in 0.01 N dilute sulfuric acid and dried to produce a sulfuric acid-treated product (Trial 19).

The above sample was cut into pieces 280 mm long, 580 mm wide, and 20 mm thick, placed in a seedling box, and after watering from above, rice seeds were sown in a conventional manner. Immediately before sowing and 7 days after sowing, l) l-1 of the soaking water was measured.

The types of samples and the measurement results of Dl-1 are listed in Table 1.

Table 1 Sample Treatment method Immersion water D HM No.
Soaking treatment Immediately after sowing 1) 97 days later 1 Untreated 7.1 7.423% ammonium sulfate 6.0 5,43 2.4% ammonium chloride 6.7 5,041.7% nitrate W7 ammonium 7
．． 0 7.053% ammonium phosphate 6.7
6,363% ammonium sulfate + 0.6% ammonium nitrate 6,6 6.773%
Ammonium flA acid - 1,2% potassium chloride 6.9 4.88
3% ammonium sulfate + 1.2% potassium chloride 2.4% ammonium phosphate 6.3 6.39 0.0IN
Sulfuric acid treatment 6.0 7.2 Example 2 In the process of melting blast furnace slag to produce rock wool,
An aqueous solution containing a mixture of phenol resin as a binder, polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether as a water absorbing agent, and ammonium salts of mineral acids shown in Table 2 was sprayed onto rock wool and heated to obtain a density of 809/l, a binder of 2% by weight, Various rock wool molded products containing 0.5% by weight of water absorbing agent and a predetermined amount of ammonium salt of mineral acid (Samples 10-
13) was manufactured.

In the same manner as in Example 1, the pH of the soaking water was measured immediately before sowing and 7 days after sowing.

Table 2 lists the sample types and DH measurement results.

Table 2 Sample Treatment method Immersion water 1) 1@No.
Binder formulation 1114 Immediately before sowing 7 after seeding 10
1.5% ammonium sulfate 6,3 6.6'i1
3.3% ammonium sulfate → - 1.5% potassium chloride G, 2 5, 4
12 3.3% ammonium sulfate + 1.5% potassium chloride + 0.3% ammonium nitrate 6,1 4,613
3.3% am7ium sulfate + 1.5 potassium chloride + 2.5% ammonium phosphate 6.3 5.8 Example 3 Using -12 for trials 11 to 2 and 7 of Example 1 and Example 2 We conducted a paddy rice seedling-raising test. , length 280m1l
1. Place the sample cut into 20 mm pieces at 1, 4)%, '+80 mm, and 20 mm in a paddy rice seedling box. After watering from the F side, seeds were sown according to the usual method.

Table 3 lists the results of the seedling-raising test for young seedlings.

Table 3 Sample Treatment method Growth status after 10 days Leaf color number
(Plant height) m1 1 Untreated 75 Yellow-green 2 3
% ammonium sulfate immersion treatment 101 Green 73% Ivi
Ammonium acid + 1.2% potassium chloride immersion treatment 140 Green 83%
Ammonium sulfate + 1.2% 1-temperature potassium + 2.4% ammonium phosphate immersion treatment 150 Green 9 0.01N sulfuric acid treatment 3!
l 75 Yellow-green 10 1.5% ammonium sulfate binder treatment 110 Green 11 3.
3% ammonium sulfate 1.5% potassium chloride binder combination treatment 135 Green 12 3.
3% ammonium sulfate + 1.5% potassium chloride + 0.3%
ammonium nitrate

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] (1) A soil material for growing plants that is mainly composed of inorganic fibers containing at least one type 0 ammonium salt of mineral acid. 2) The soil material for growing plants according to claim 1, wherein the mineral acid is sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, or phosphoric acid. (3) The soil material for growing plants according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic fiber is rock wool or glass wool. (4) The content of ammonium salt of mineral acid is nil (0.1 to 10%, preferably 0.5 to 5%, more preferably 1 to 3% based on the geometrical fibers). The soil material for growing plants according to claim 1. (5) The soil material for growing plants according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic fibers are hydrophilically treated.