JPS59170611A - Method and device for atomizing slurry-shaped fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a spraying method and a spraying device for atomizing and burning slurry-like fuel such as coal powder dispersed in water and/or oil.

Due to the increase in oil prices and the decrease in oil resources,
It is no longer economical to use residual fuel oil (heavy oil) for combustion in boilers. Solid fuels such as coal are also more readily available and cost-effective than residual fuel oils. However, using solid fuel as a heat source for a boiler as a substitute for residual fuel oil is difficult because the boiler is configured as an oil boiler, and changing the combustion structure would be too expensive and impractical. Not.

Liquid fuels consisting of solid fuel powder hydrocarbons, in which coal or lignite is dispersed in a continuous liquid phase such as oil, water, or a mixture thereof, have been developed and are being used as a substitute for residual fuel oil. . Such liquid fuel is in the form of a slurry, and is pressurized and supplied to the boiler burner by a pump in the same way as the residual fuel oil. However, since this slurry-like fuel contains a large amount of powder, it has a high viscosity, and the spray nozzle that supplies the fuel to the combustion chamber is easily clogged, which causes many problems in atomizing and combusting it.

The combustion of fuel takes place quickly,
Slurry-form An object of the present invention is to provide a spraying method and apparatus for atomizing and burning fuel.

For this purpose, the present invention provides a structure in which a nozzle can be freely attached and detached from the tip of a nozzle body, which is provided with a first conduit passage that is a conduit passage for slurry-like fuel and a second conduit passage that is a conduit passage for atomizing fluid. The inside of the nozzle is provided with a flow path for atomizing fluid that communicates with the rotating body, the mixing chamber, and the second conduit, and the tip of the 7-spool is connected to the atomizing fluid. an orifice is provided for spraying said fuel;
A boat that communicates with the first conduit passage and supplies the slurry-like fuel to the mixing chamber passes through the rotary body in the axial direction, and a boat that communicates with the first conduit passage and supplies the slurry-like fuel to the mixing chamber passes through the rotary body in the circumferential side. There is provided a slurry-like fuel spraying device characterized in that a plurality of grooves are provided that communicate with each other to introduce the atomizing fluid into the mixing chamber.

The grooves guide the atomizing fluid in a swirling manner.

Preferably, the groove acts so that the atomizing fluid flows into the mixing chamber in a direction tangential to the wall of the mixing chamber.

The nozzle is detachably connected to the nozzle body.

The inner wall of the nozzle is conical (inverted conical), and the surface of the rotating body is also conical, and both form a mixing chamber.

In addition, the present invention introduces a slurry-like fuel consisting of a mixture of solid and liquid into the mixing chamber along the axial direction of the mixing chamber, and also atomizes the atomizing fluid on the inner wall of the mixing chamber.
1-1 The fuel is atomized as it passes through the mixing chamber in a vortex flow state, and the slurry-like fuel is atomized from an orifice provided along the axial direction of the mixing chamber. Spraying H of slurry-like fuel characterized by spraying by the combined pressure of the supply pressure of Swallow fuel and driftwood for atomization.
Law 4: Provide t.

Furthermore, the present invention provides a method for introducing a slurry-like fuel consisting of a mixture of solid and liquid into a mixing chamber having a conical inner wall;
While applying pressure along its axial direction, the atomizing driftwood is introduced into the mixing chamber in the form of a rod' while being pressurized tangentially to the inner wall of the mixing chamber, creating a swirling flow inside the mixing chamber. The fuel is atomized toward the top of the mixing chamber while passing through the M? 7. Provided at the top of the mixing chamber along the axial direction of the mixing chamber! The slurry-like fuel atomized from the orifice of the atomizing fluid is atomized by the combined pressure of the supply pressure of the fuel and the atomizing fluid, and the pressure of supplying the slurry-like fuel to the mixing chamber and the atomizing fluid are It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for spraying slurry-like fuel, which includes a step of adjusting the degree of atomization of slurry-like fuel by changing the pressure difference between the pressure and the pressure at which fluid is supplied to a mixing chamber.

According to this invention, since the slurry fuel is atomized within the mixing chamber, the necessary operating pressure within the mixing chamber for both the slurry fuel and the atomization fluid in the device is reduced. The second point is superior to conventional devices, which atomize fuel in or outside the nozzle, requiring high operating pressure and resulting in poor atomization efficiency.

Further, according to the present invention, since the pressure within the mixing chamber can be adjusted, the degree of atomization can be adjusted by changing the difference between the supply pressures of the slurry fuel and the atomization fluid. Further, the degree of atomization or spraying can be adjusted by adjusting the difference between the supply pressure of the atomization fluid and the supply pressure of the slurry fuel.

Further, according to the present invention, the slurry-like fuel is introduced into the mixing chamber having a conical inner wall in the form of a single rod while being pressurized along the axial direction of the mixing chamber, and at the same time, the fuel is introduced into the mixing chamber having a conical inner wall. The atomizing fluid is introduced while being applied tangentially to the inner wall of the mixing chamber, and the fuel is atomized toward the apex of the mixing chamber while passing through a swirling portion within the mixing chamber. The atomized slurry fuel is atomized from a single orifice provided at the top of the mixing chamber along the axial direction of the fuel by the combined pressure of the supply pressure of the fuel and the atomizing fluid. , and the degree of atomization of the slurry fuel can be adjusted by changing the pressure difference between the pressure at which the slurry fuel is supplied to the mixing chamber and the pressure at which the atomization fluid is supplied to the mixing chamber.

Furthermore, according to the method and apparatus of the present invention, slurry fuel can be smoothly supplied, and phenomena such as clogging in the supply path, which can cause breakdowns in boilers and kilns, can be prevented, and boilers and kilns can be There is no need to interrupt operation for repairs.

Next, the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to illustrated embodiments.

In FIG. 1, a spray device 10 (atomizer) according to the present invention includes a nozzle body 12 and a nozzle 14 having an end portion 16 that is detachably screwed into a screw opening 18 that is open at the tip of the nozzle body 12. and a rotating body 2 built into the nozzle 14.
0. Inner wall 30 of rotating body 20 and 7th gear 14
A mixing chamber 28 is formed between the two.

The inner wall 3o has an inverted conical shape as shown, and the nozzle body 12, nozzle 14, and rotating body 20 are made of metal or other suitable materials.

The nozzle body 12 has a first conduction path 36 in which an inlet 38 is provided in a radial direction with respect to the nozzle body 12.
A flow path 40 for sending slurry fuel to the nozzle 14 and the rotating body 20 is connected downstream of the conduction path 36, and this flow path is provided along the axial direction of the nozzle body 12.

Connected downstream of the atomizing fluid inlet 46 is a second conduit 48 for conveying an atomizing fluid, such as air or steam, through the rotating body 20 to the mixing chamber 28, as shown in FIG. A manifold is provided under the second conductive path 481 and adjacent to the rotating body 201.

As shown in FIG. 2, the nozzle 14 includes a cavity 52.
The above-mentioned inverted conical inner wall 30 is located on the downstream side of this cavity, and a mixing chamber 28 is formed in an opening with the rotating body 20.

A first orifice 62 is opened at the apex of the inverted conical inner wall 30 in line with the longitudinal axis 64 of the nozzle 14 and is in communication with the mixing chamber 28 for discharging the slurry in the mixing chamber. Fuel is injected from the orifice in an injection pattern 66 as shown in FIG.

The rotating body 20 consists of a shaft portion 72 and a head 74, and the head 74 has a conical wall surface 76, and this conical wall surface is
It faces the inner wall 30 and is adapted to engage therewith. A boat 82 extends through the entire axial length of the rotating body 20 and communicates with the first conduit 36, and the slurry fuel is supplied to the mixing chamber 28 through the boat 82. Thus, the fuel in slurry form is passed through the boat and into the mixing chamber 28 in the form of a rod along the axis 64 of the /gal 14.

A plurality of grooves 90 are formed on the side surface of the head 74 of the rotating body 20.
These grooves are provided at an angle to 4.
It is in communication with the atomizing fluid manifold.

Then, when the steam or air passes through the second conduit 48 and the manifold and reaches the groove 90, the steam or air flows tangentially along the periphery of the mixing chamber 28 into the mixing chamber 28, creating a swirl. state.

The slurry fuel has a maximum particle size of 50 mesh (approx.
Therefore, the first conductive path in the nozzle is structured so as not to be blocked by the slurry particles.

The inner diameter of the first conduit 36 and the inner diameter of the boat 82 of the rotating body 20 are approximately 2.3 mm (0.09 inches), and are adapted to particles of the above-mentioned size. These inner diameters are exemplary and include
The inner diameters of the first conduit and the boat described above can be changed as appropriate depending on the particle size distribution of the particles.

The nozzle device according to the present invention has a combustion rate of 3 MMBt.
In the case of u/hr (3165MJ/hr), the total length is approximately 50
n+m (2 inches), and the outer diameter is approximately 20 mm (0.80 mm).
inch), and the rotating body head has a diameter of approximately 6 inches.
mm (0.24 inch), and the distance between the front surface 100 of the bottom 4 and the 17th frame 62 in the mixing chamber 28 is approximately 20 mm (0.80 inch). The maximum width dimension of the mixing chamber 28 facing the orifice 62 is approximately 4 mm (0.16 inch), and the diameter of the orifice 12-fice 62 is approximately 2.2+am (0.085 inch).

These dimensions are just one example, and the dimensions can be varied to correspond to one minus the combustion rate.

It is particularly important that the slurry-like fuel is injected by a swirling flow of steam or static electricity in the mixing chamber 28, and the fuel becomes a swirling flow and is injected into a combustion chamber such as a boiler. n will be done.

Since the slurry fuel is atomized within the mixing chamber, the required operating pressure is reduced. Additionally, the pressure within the mixing chamber can be adjusted or the degree of atomization can be adjusted by varying the supply pressure difference between the slurry fuel and the atomization fluid. Further, the degree of atomization or spraying can be adjusted by adjusting the difference between the supply pressure of the atomization fluid and the supply pressure of the slurry fuel.

- For example, when using a slurry fuel consisting of solid coal particles whose particle size passes through a 50 mesh screen (0.3-) and fuel oil with a specific gravity of 19.58 PI,
The supply pressure of slurry fuel is 145 ps i (10
00ktJ+++-2), and the supply pressure of the atomizing fluid is 130psi (900kNm''),
The difference in the j-power between the two is 15 psi (100 kNτo-2).

Although the fuel and atomizing fluid are adapted to be discharged from a common single orifice, the surface area of the orifice for each discharge of the atomizing fluid is considerably greater than with multiple boats or orifices. As a result, corrosion of the spray device is greatly reduced.

The spraying device and spraying method according to the present invention have the advantage that the operating conditions can be varied depending on the finish of the device. The degree of atomization (droplet distribution) and the angle of inclination of the inner wall 30 within the device can be easily varied, thereby making it possible to vary the atomization state. For example, by changing the point A, a very confusing atomization state can be obtained.

(1) Decrease the inner diameter of the orifice 62; (2) Increase the number of grooves 90 installed; (3) Reduce the cross-sectional area of the grooves 90 to allow high-pressure mist droplets to pass through the grooves; To increase the rate of release of

Similarly, the cone spray angle can be increased by increasing the tangent angle of the atomizing fluid to the atomized fuel injection. Therefore, a larger spray angle 1. t, by changing the following elements: (1) Increase the tangent angle of the groove 90; (2) Lower the height of the mixing chamber 28; (3) Diameter (D) of the mixing chamber (4) Increase the diameter of the orifice 62; or (5)
) Shorten the length of the orifice 62.

When the above-mentioned coal particles have a diameter of 50 mesh (0.3 mm) or less and a slurry-like fuel using 19.5 AI'l specific gravity oil is to be sprayed, the I in the apparatus shown in FIG.
The dimensions of l, D, - snore are 1. = approx. 2 mm (0,08 inch); D - approx. 4 m + n (0,16 inch); 1 - approx. 1
, 25 mm (0.05 inch).

By changing the rotating body 20 and/or the nozzle 14, the spray state and spray degree of the slurry fuel can be easily changed. These parts can be easily changed without changing the main body of the device.

This point is an important feature in that the combustion capacity can be varied. For example, when this spray device is used in an industrial boiler, it is desirable that the injected fuel burns in a thick and short flame, does not lick the furnace wall, and is completely combusted in a short period of time. For this purpose, the rotating body 20 and the nozzle 14 are
A structure that enables fine atomization of the fuel and widens the spray angle to the maximum is selected so that the JT fuel and the combustion air can be better mixed in the furnace.

Further, when using a spray device for kiln operation, it is desirable to have a long combustion flame, so that the flame burns for a long time and the heat transfer from the flame to the material to be treated is spread. In order to meet such heat conduction requirements, the fuel is sprayed at a relatively narrow angle, the atomization condition is made rough, the fuel is sprayed along the axis of the device, and the fuel is sprayed at a position away from the nozzle. What is necessary is to select the rotating body 20 and seven nozzles 14 that have a structure that allows combustion.

Furthermore, the spraying device according to the present invention has the advantage of being able to completely burn slurry fuel even on a small scale. Currently available small size 16-atomizers cannot be used with slurry fuels. This is because the fuel conduction paths of these spray devices are divided into a plurality of lines and are narrow, so that if slurry-like fuel flows through them, they will easily become clogged. However, since the spray device of this invention has only one orifice, even if the device is small, the fuel conduit that leads to it is small and thick, so even if slurry fuel flows, it will not clog. Not at all. In addition, since one orifice is used, the hard metal insert only needs to be attached to one orifice, and the manufacturing cost is reduced accordingly. Also,
The hard metal insert is installed as a liner for the orifice 62 and prevents corrosion of the inner surface of the orifice due to solid particle components.
It can prevent wear and extend the service life of the spray equipment.

The above-mentioned embodiments are for illustrating the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention, showing the structure of a nozzle body, a 718-zzle detachably connected to the nozzle body, and a rotating body built into the nozzle. , slurry fuel is mixed with air or steam,
FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional perspective view of a portion consisting of a nozzle and a rotating body showing a state where the liquid is atomized and sprayed. 10... Spray device 12... Nozzle body 14...
Nozzle 20...Rotating body 28...Mixing chamber 30
... Nozzle inner wall 36 ... First conduction path 40 ... Channel 48 ... Second conduction path 62 ... Orifice 74 ...
Head 82, Misery, Boat 90...Groove 19-58

Claims (12)

[Claims] (1) A slurry-like fuel consisting of a mixture of solid and liquid is introduced into the mixing chamber along the axial direction of the mixing chamber, and an atomizing fluid is introduced tangentially to the inner wall of the mixing chamber and swirled inside the mixing chamber. The fuel is atomized while passing in a flowing state, and the atomized or rally-shaped fuel is delivered from an orifice provided along the axial direction of the mixing chamber when the supply pressures of the fuel and the atomizing fluid are matched. A method of spraying slurry-like fuel, characterized by spraying with a pressure applied to the slurry. (2) The slurry fuel spraying method according to claim 1, wherein the slurry fuel is introduced into the mixing chamber in the form of a single rond. (3) A patent that includes a step of adjusting the degree of atomization of slurry fuel by changing the pressure difference between the pressure at which slurry fuel is supplied to the mixing chamber and the pressure at which atomization fluid is supplied to the mixing chamber. A method for spraying power of slurry fuel according to claim 1 or claim 2. (4) Fuel in the form of a slurry consisting of a mixture of solid and liquid is pressurized in the axial direction of the mixing chamber having a conical inner wall, and then introduced into the mixing chamber in a single rond-like manner, and is then misted. The atomizing fluid is introduced under pressure so as to be tangential to the inner wall of the mixing chamber, and while passing through the mixing chamber in a swirling state, the fuel is atomized toward the apex of the mixing chamber, and the fuel is atomized toward the apex of the mixing chamber. The atomized slurry-like fuel is atomized from the +it- orifice provided at the top of the mixing chamber along the direction by the combined pressure of the supply pressure of the fuel and the atomizing fluid, and the slurry-like fuel is A method for spraying slurry-like fuel, including the step of adjusting the degree of atomization of slurry-like fuel by changing the pressure difference between the pressure at which fuel is supplied to a mixing chamber and the pressure at which atomization fluid is supplied to a mixing chamber. . (5) The nozzle is removably connected to the tip of the nozzle body, which is equipped with a first conduction path that is a conduction path for slurry-like fuel and a second conduction path that is a conduction path for atomizing fluid. , an atomizing fluid flow path communicating with the rotating body, the mixing chamber, and the direct passage 12 is provided inside the nozzle, and the atomized fuel is disposed at the tip of the nozzle. The rotating body 111j is provided with an orifice for spraying, and the above-mentioned !R
A boat that communicates with the first conductive passage and supplies the slurry-like fuel to the mixing chamber penetrates in the axial direction, and a boat that communicates with the second conductive passage 1iif and supplies the atomizing fluid passes through the circumferential side of the rotating body in the axial direction. 1. A spraying device for fuel in the form of a rally, characterized in that a plurality of grooves are provided for introducing fuel into the mixing chamber. (6) The slurry fuel spraying device according to claim fPJs, wherein the nozzle is connected to a removable rI mountain on the nozzle body. (7) The boat of the nozzle is provided in the axial direction, and supplies the slurry-like fuel to the direct mixing chamber in a single flow state. The slurry fuel spraying device described in . (8) A slurry-like fuel atomizing device, wherein the groove is configured to introduce the atomizing fluid in a tangential direction to the inner wall of the mixing chamber. (9) The slurry-like fuel spraying device according to claim 8, wherein the groove is configured so that the atomizing fluid flows in the axial direction of the nozzle body within the rear chamber. (10) The first conduction path and the bore are defined by a slurry-like fuel containing solid particles with a diameter of 50 mensius or less. 9th
Slurry-like combustion described in any of the sections! 1 spray device. (11) The inner wall of the nozzle is conical, and the rotating body is also conical, and a mixing chamber is formed between them. The slurry fuel spraying device according to any one of the above. (12) The slurry fuel spraying device according to any one of claims 5 to 11, wherein the orifice is provided at a position that coincides with 1 (horizontal direction) of the nozzle. =