JPS59175830A - Plant culturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for cultivating plants that provides water necessary for plant growth by evaporation and condensation.

It goes without saying that in order to carry out agriculture in dry lands such as deserts and wastelands, means of irrigation must be taken. However, even if irrigation water is available, if the water contains significant amounts of soluble salts, the salts remaining after evaporation will accumulate in the soil and be harmful. Therefore, there is a need for a plant cultivation technique that does not cause such salt damage problems.

In addition, heated wastewater generated naturally or as a result of various industrial activities is used to promote plant growth and cultivation, but this heated wastewater contains substances harmful to plants, such as heavy metals. If it does, it cannot be used for cultivation. Therefore, there is also a desire for a technique for cultivating plants while avoiding the influence of these harmful substances.

The present invention provides a method for cultivating plants that meets these demands, and the water to be supplied is not directly applied to the cultivation soil, but is first allowed to evaporate and then transferred as water vapor into the cultivation soil, where it is condensed. By providing water that has been obtained, the above-mentioned salt damage and harmful substances can be prevented.

To explain the plant cultivation method of the present invention with reference to the drawings, in a basic embodiment, as shown in FIG. Supplying water 7 to the water-permeable layer 2 of the plant cultivation bed, which is composed of a water-permeable layer 2, a capillary rise blocking layer 3, and a cultivation soil 4 mainly composed of sand, and whose surface is covered with a transpiration prevention sheet 5; Cultivation is carried out by evaporating water while adjusting the groundwater level WL so that water does not exceed the capillary rise blocking layer 3 and reach the cultivation soil 4.
The plant 8 is characterized by supplying necessary moisture to the plants 8 by allowing water vapor to rise up inside the plant 4 and condensing the water vapor there to keep the cultivation soil moist.

The layer through which water can flow and the capillary rise blocking layer are made by selecting and arranging gravels 2A and 3A of appropriate sizes as shown in the diagram, and then laying cloth or non-woven fabric 3B on top of them. Can be formed by holding cultivation ±4.

If necessary, it is preferable to make a water pipe with many holes made of polyvinyl chloride resin or the like to facilitate water flow. Further, it is preferable to bury a ventilation pipe (not shown) having a large number of holes below the groundwater level WL to blow air to promote water evaporation.

If a water pipe is provided, it is even more effective to pass the ventilation pipe through it.

The capillary rise blocking layer may be provided with an evaporation accelerator that can assist in water evaporation due to its relatively large surface area.

The water-impermeable layer 1 may not necessarily be completely impermeable, and may be formed by embedding a plastic sheet or applying asphalt. Complete impermeability can be obtained by applying concrete.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing such an embodiment, in which a water-impermeable layer is formed at the bottom 91 of a concrete gutter 9 buried underground, and a layer through which water can flow is formed at the side wall 92. Form. The cultivation soil is held by Grete 5-Ink 3C and a cloth or non-woven fabric 3B spread over it, and the capillary upper screen is blocked by the space 3D below. However, depending on the case, the gutter may be filled with gravel or a honeycomb structure as described above.

The cultivation soil 4 used has a particle size distribution that allows water vapor to pass through easily, that is, soil that is mainly composed of sand.

The transpiration prevention sheet 5 covering the surface refers to a plus deck sheet used in agriculture under the name of mulch sheet or the like. This not only prevents transpiration, but also has the effect of uniformizing the distribution of moisture in the cultivation soil, as well as preventing fertilizer from flowing out due to rainfall.

As can be easily understood from the above explanation, according to the present invention, the water supplied below the cultivation bed evaporates once and becomes water vapor, and the water condensed from this water vapor is given to the plants. Even if there are substances that are harmful to the soil or substances that are harmful when accumulated in the soil, they will not enter the cultivation soil as long as they are non-volatile, so these substances should be completely shut out. Can be done.

Based on the principle of utilizing evaporation of water, the method of the present invention is particularly useful in desert areas where water is available regardless of its quality.

As is well known, in deserts, the temperature in the desert is extremely high during the day, and on the other hand, it drops considerably at night, resulting in large temperature differences. According to the present invention, water actively evaporates during the day and moves into the cultivation soil, and it condenses at night to moisten the soil. As is well known, water has a large specific heat and its temperature rises slowly, so even when condensation begins, the water temperature is high and evaporation is still active, providing sufficient water to plants.

The method of the present invention is also useful as a method for cultivating plants using heated wastewater, where the high water vapor pressure provides sufficient water to plants through active evaporation and subsequent condensation. Hot water can be obtained, for example, from surplus lagoons from hot springs, geothermal hot water, or discharged from various industries. There is no problem even if the heated wastewater contains harmful substances, so even seawater can be used, and forced cultivation can be carried out using its temperature.

In any aspect, according to the cultivation method of the present invention,
Another benefit is that it can be used even in soils that are highly acidic or alkaline and unsuitable for growing plants. When kept moist and well-ventilated, soil has medium f[
This is because it becomes close to , making it suitable for plant cultivation.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a cultivation bed for explaining the basic aspect of the plant cultivation method of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 1 for explaining another embodiment. 1... Water-impermeable layer 2... Water-permeable layer 3... Capillary rise blocking layer 4... Cultivation soil 5... ...Transpiration prevention sheet 7 ...Supply water 8 ...Plant patent applicant JGC Corporation
Sunaken Co., Ltd. Company Agent Patent Attorney
Souo Suga 9- Fang 1

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) In order from the bottom to the top, a water-impermeable layer,
Water is supplied to the water-permeable layer of the plant cultivation bed, which consists of a water-permeable layer, a capillary rise blocking layer, and cultivation soil mainly composed of sand, and whose surface is covered with a transpiration prevention sheet. The water vapor is raised in the cultivation soil by evaporating water while adjusting the groundwater level so that it does not reach the cultivation soil beyond the capillary rise barrier layer, and the water vapor is condensed there to keep the cultivation soil moist. A method of cultivating plants characterized by providing necessary moisture to the plants. (2) The plant cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the water-permeable layer and the capillary rise blocking layer are layers of gravel, and a cloth or non-woven fabric is laid thereon to hold the cultivation soil. . (3) The method for cultivating plants according to claim 1, wherein the water-impermeable layer and the water-permeable layer are formed by a concrete gutter buried underground. 4) The method for cultivating plants according to claim 3, wherein the capillary soil root fault is a space under the cultivation soil held by a grating and a cloth or non-woven fabric laid thereon. (5) The method for cultivating plants according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is carried out by supplying hot water generated naturally or as industrial waste. (6) The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is carried out under weather conditions where the ground temperature is significantly different during the day and at night. (7) The method according to claim 6, which is carried out by supplying seawater.