JPS59130319A - Polyester filament yarn having uneven fineness - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the titled yarn having differences in diameter and dyeability along the fiber axis, excellent higher degree process stability and alkali treatment resistance, and uneven fineness, wherein the thick part has a specific cross-sectiolnal area and length, and perfectly drawn parts and incompletely drawn parts are intermixed with each other in the cross-section of the thick part. CONSTITUTION:A highly oriented undrawn polyester filament yarn such as polyethylene terephthalate yarn is drawn with a drawing apparatus using a hot pin to obtain the objective filament yarn having diameter variation along the fiber axis and having the following characteristics. The thick part A and the thin part B have dyeability difference; the cross-sectional area of the partly and sporadically existing thick part B is 1.2-1.8 times that of the thin part A; the total length of the thick part B accounts for 20-40% of the whole length; and the perfectly drawn filament part (a) and the incompletely drawn filament part (b) are intermixed with each other in the cross-section of the thick part B of the fialement yarn.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Technical field of the present invention] The present invention relates to polyester long fiber thick and thin yarn.

More specifically, the present invention relates to a multifilament yarn 1- having a thick and thin structure with excellent high-order processing stability and alkali treatment resistance.

[Conventional examples and their problems]

Conventionally, to obtain thick and thin yarns 1. For example, yarns with intermittently different thicknesses in the fiber axis direction can be produced using two or more types of yarns using a design twisting machine 1 a plying twisting machine, a false twisting machine, etc. By supplying the yarn and setting a feed rate difference between the yarns, it is possible to produce a yarn having portions of different thickness in one portion and one intermittently. Also, yarns with different dyeability.

It is possible to supply two or more types of threads dyed in different colors in advance and produce heathered threads or marbled threads using similar means and methods.

However, such a method increases the manufacturing cost and has significant restrictions in terms of manufacturing equipment.

On the other hand, even with one synthetic fiber multifilament yarn, it is possible to partially and intermittently change the drawing ratio.

It is possible to obtain differences in thickness and dyeing in the direction of the fiber axis. However, the yarn obtained by this method generally has thick (dark dyed) parts that are insufficiently drawn.

Its strength was extremely low and its abrasion resistance was extremely poor, resulting in serious defects in terms of practical performance.Moreover, alkali treatment was impossible because it dissolved extremely quickly and caused significant embrittlement. The reason for this is.

This is thought to be due to the fact that the thicker portions of the yarn were formed only by incompletely drawn portions.

[Object of the present invention]

The object of the present invention could not be achieved with such prior art. It embodies a structure with stretched filament parts even in the thick part of the yarn, and provides thick and thin polyester yarn that can withstand high-order processability, especially alkaline treatment.It also has a spun-like texture and an elegant luster. The object of the present invention is to provide a polyester long fiber thick and thin yarn having the above-mentioned polyester long fibers, and a woven or knitted fabric containing the yarn.

[Configuration of the present invention]

The present invention consists of the following configuration.

``The diameter of the thread changes in the direction of the fiber axis, and there is a difference in dyeing between the thick and thin parts, and it is only partially dyed.

The cross-sectional area of the intermittent thick parts is 1.2 to 1.8 times the cross-sectional area of the thin parts, and the total length of the thick parts is 20
40 inches, and is characterized by having fully drawn filament portions and incompletely drawn filament portions coexisting in the cross section of the thick portion of the yarn. ” The following is a detailed explanation of the present invention.

In the present invention, the polyester constituting the polyester long fiber thick and thin threads is terephthalic acid or its lower alkyl derivative (diester of alkanol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms).
or from terephthalic acid or a lower alkyl derivative thereof and ethylene glycol and at least one other component; or from bis-2-hydroxyethyl terephthalate or a low polymer thereof.

Alternatively, at least 70 of the polyester structural units obtained from bis-2-hydroxyethyl terephthalate and at least one other component are composed of polyethylene terephthalate.

Next, the present invention will be specifically explained with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a side view of the polyester multifilament yarn of the present invention. (a) is a fully stretched part, and (b) is an insufficiently stretched part. When this yarn is dyed, (a
Part ) is light dyed, and part (b) is dark dyed.

As for the entire thread, a heathered or marbled color effect can be obtained. Also, by selecting the dye and dyeing conditions,
In parts (a) and (b), it is possible to dye the entire yarn almost uniformly without making any difference in dyeing. Although (a) and (b) are randomly distributed, their birefringence is as shown in Table 1 as an example.

Table 1 In FIG. 1, portion B having a large cross-sectional area has a mixture of fully stretched portions a and incompletely stretched portions.

Therefore, due to the influence of the fully stretched part a, it is not brittle and has sufficient dyeing and abrasion fastness and alkali resistance, and is suitable for practical use. Further, it is more preferable that the incompletely drawn portion is a highly oriented undrawn yarn (birefringence 15 to 70×10) for the same reason as above.

Further, when the birefringence of the incompletely stretched portion is less than 15 x 10-' (=5-), the effect of the difference in density in the thick part is good.

Thick parts have insufficient abrasion resistance and tend to break easily, making them unsuitable for practical use. In addition, dyeing and rubbing fastness properties also tend to be poor.

On the other hand, the ratio B/A of the thick part B and the thin part A of the entire multifilament yarn is 1.2 to 1.8.
A range of degrees is necessary. If the ratio B/A is less than 1.2, the alkali treatment will not cause obvious curved deformation. In addition, in the case of a woven or knitted fabric, the difference between the thick part and the thin part cannot be clearly realized, and the effect of the difference in shade becomes extremely small. On the other hand, if the thick/fine ratio B/A exceeds 1.8, the curved deformation after alkali treatment and the shading effect of thick parts will be good, but on the other hand, it will be brittle and break easily, which is impractical. Moreover, the dyeing and abrasion fastness are also poor.

The proportion of part (b) contained in the entire multifilament yarn needs to be in the range of 20% to 40%, taking into account the heather effect due to the difference in density, marbling effect, and practical performance centered on abrasion resistance. Become.

FIG. 2 shows a cross section of the polyester multifilament long fiber thick and thin yarn of the present invention. It is clearly seen that the thick portion B has a structure in which fully drawn filament portions (a) and incompletely drawn filament portions (b) coexist. 6 and 4 show cross sections of the polyester multifilament thick and thin deformed yarn according to the present invention after being treated with alkali. A.

B, (a) and (b) show the same parts as in FIG. That is, A shows a cross section of a thin part of the multifilament yarn, and B shows a cross section of a thick part of the multifilament yarn. (a) and (b) show individual monofilament yarns of the multifilament yarn, (a) being light dyed in the fully drawn section. (b) is an incompletely stretched area and a darkly dyed area.

Figure 2 shows yarn that has not been subjected to alkali dissolution treatment.
, No change in the cross-sectional shape is observed in both parts (a) and (b). Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of 71% melted.
Section (a) shows exactly the same deformation behavior as conventional polyester multifilament yarn, and even after alkali treatment, it only deforms and shrinks to a similar shape, and no change in cross-sectional shape is observed. ' When subjected to alkali treatment, part (b) shows a completely new and unique curved deformed cross section (C) that has not been seen in conventional polyester yarns.In other words, when subjected to alkali treatment, As clearly seen in B, part (a) of the conventional polyester yarn simply shrinks and deforms as a whole into a similar shape as shown in A, whereas part (b), as shown in B, is unique and complex. This part (b) shows a curved deformation cross section (c) because (b)
The part ) has a small birefringence due to insufficient stretching, and when subjected to alkali treatment, the alkali dissolution is faster in the part (b) than in the part (a). Even within the part (b), there is a difference in the degree of stretching. Since the reeds and the portions with a small degree of stretching partially melt first, they exhibit a curved deformed cross section (c). FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view in which the alkali solubility was further increased to 12.6% at a weight ratio of 9.

Compared to the part (b) in Fig. 3B, the part (b) in Fig. 4B has an even higher degree of deformation. The deformation is not limited to a single curved deformation, and some exhibit two or more multiple curved shapes. As mentioned above, the deformed cross sections obtained by these alkali treatments (FIG. 3B (b) and FIG. 4B (b)) are completely new and not seen in conventional polyester filament yarns. .

The polyester long fiber thick and thin yarn having a thick and thin deformed cross section of the present invention is obtained by special spinning and drawing conditions9. Non-uniform stretching method by mechanically changing the stretching ratio, method using hot pins, etc.
The yarn can be obtained by changing the stretching conditions to a partially drawn yarn. The polyester long fiber thick and thin yarn obtained by this method has a diameter change in the fiber axis direction, and the thick part and the thin part have a difference in dyeing, and when dyed, the thick part absorbs dye faster. On the other hand, dye adsorption is slow in thin areas, resulting in a difference in dyeing compared to light dyeing.

A further important point is 1. For example, the filament yarn having the thick portion may be drawn again at a low magnification, false-twisted or real-twisted to cause shimmering, or may be lightly stretched.

The thick part has a fully drawn filament part and an imperfectly drawn filament part 9- It is to mix drawn filament parts.

[Actions and effects of the present invention]

The polyester long fiber thick and fine yarn of the present invention has no brittle parts and can not only withstand alkali treatment, but also has no problem in practical performance. The thick part that exists in this area exhibits a special deformation behavior when treated with alkali, exhibiting a curved deformation that has never been seen before.

Next, by further treating the polyester thick and thin yarn obtained by the above-mentioned special spinning and drawing conditions with an alkali, a polyester long fiber thick and thin yarn whose thick part has a special curved deformed cross section can be obtained. .

Typical alkaline substances that can be used in alkaline treatment include alkali metal hydroxides such as caustic indium and caustic potash, and alkali metal carbonates such as soda carbonate and potassium carbonate. The concentration used depends on the fineness of the fiber, the structure of the woven or knitted material, the thickness, the target degree of flexibility, and the processing temperature.

Although it varies depending on the time and pick-up, it is usually 5 to 50% by weight, preferably 10 to 50% by weight, based on the total amount of alkaline bath.
It is 30% by weight.

Examples of alkali treatment methods include Jitsuga and Wins.

Batch systems such as beam, suspension, stream, etc., or continuous systems can be used.

Next, the use of the polyester long fiber thick and thin yarn having a thick and thin cross section according to the present invention in woven and knitted fabrics will be described.

First, how to use yarn.

(1) Long fiber thick and thin yarn is used as raw silk.

(2) Long fiber thick and thin threads are heated and used.

(3) Long fiber thick and thin yarn is subjected to false twisting to make it bulkier.

(4) (In the usage of 31, heat before or after use.

etc. In the above usage method, which one to adopt depends on the intended use of the final woven or knitted product, the target texture, gloss,
Determine as appropriate depending on required characteristics, etc. For example, method (2) or (4) is preferable for georgette crepe for women's clothing fabrics for spring/summer wear because it imparts a "sharp feeling" by strong twisting, and for textured fabrics 11- such as dechinne crepe, method (2), ( Method 3) or (4) is preferred. umbrella area,
In the field of cold weather clothing and the like, method (1) is preferred. Gentleman.

In the field of women's clothing fabrics, spare pants, coats, etc., method (3) or (4) is preferred from the viewpoint of bulkiness, mild luster, flexible texture, etc.

Next, when used in textiles, it may be used for warp, weft, or both warp and weft. As described above, the polyester long fiber thick and thin yarn of the present invention has a diameter difference and a dyeing difference in the fiber axis direction, so it has a heathered effect or a marbling effect.

In order to achieve this opposite effect of heathering and frosting in the warp direction, weft direction, or both warp and weft directions, there are methods of use such as alternating use of crab polyester long fiber thick and thin yarn with other yarns, intertwisting, etc. . Other yarns include 1. For example, 1. Ordinary polyester long fiber yarn, nylon long fiber yarn, acrylic long fiber yarn, short fiber yarn (spun yarn) such as polyester, acrylic, cotton, wool, etc., polyester/ There are also blended yarns such as cotton blended yarns and polyester/wool blended yarns. By alternately using several to several dozen of these yarns and the polyester long fiber thick and thin yarn of the present invention, or by intertwisting them, a rustic multi-color effect, a spun yarn and a spun yarn can be obtained. A combination of bulky windows and a unique texture, as well as drapability due to a combination of different shrinkage rates.

A woven or knitted fabric with excellent repellency and bulkiness can be obtained.

The effects are listed below.

(11) Since the entire multifilament yarn has thick portions as shown in FIG. 1, a woven or knitted fabric having partial thickness unevenness that natural fibers and spun yarns have can be obtained.

(2) By twisting or alternately using other yarns with different dyeability, a woven or knitted fabric with a multicolor effect of three or more colors can be obtained.

(3) The yarn has no brittle parts and has good high-order processability.

(4) It has good alkali resistance and can be made into high-grade woven or knitted fabrics.

(5) Those treated with alkali have a mild luster.
3- Drapability 1 Excellent repellency, wrinkle resistance, and bulkiness.

This will be explained below using examples.

In addition, in the examples, the weight loss rate C% due to alkali treatment
was determined as follows: 0 Examples 1 to 10 A highly oriented undrawn yarn of polyethylene terephthalate spun at 3250 m/min was made into a drawn yarn using a hot bottle in a drawing machine. The obtained yarn is oriented in the fiber axis direction.

The ratio of thick to thin axis diameter (B/A in Figure 1) of yarns according to the present invention that have partial and intermittent thickness unevenness and are marked with * in Table 2 is 1.40 to 1.55. Met.

Moreover, the total percentage of thick parts was in the range of 21 to 69 ratios. Also, the birefringence of the thick part (part (b) in Figure 1) is 20~
35x10. The yarn used had a birefringence of 140 to 170xlO in the thin part (part (a) of Fig. 1). Then the second
By applying alkali treatment based on the alkali weight loss conditions shown in the table, the yarns are partially reduced.

Thick parts of intermittent monofilament yarns ((b) in Figure 2)
) had a curved deformed cross section (C) as shown in Figures 3B and 4B.

The fabric specifications, alkali treatment processing conditions, and processing results of Examples 1 to 10 are shown in Table 2.

The yarn processing conditions are raw silk 41 (+a2), raw silk strong twist (magnetic 10), false twist (floor 1.4, 5, 6° 7.8.9
), additional twisting ten false twists (Nl13), alignment with other yarns (sa
6), simultaneous alignment and false twisting with other yarns (floor 5.7), combined twisting with other yarns (m8), and alternating arrangement with other yarns. The fabric obtained after the alkali dissolution treatment has both drapability and repellency, and because it has thick details, it has an uneven feel.

It has an elegant, mild luster. By using it in combination with other yarns, in addition to these characteristics, effects such as multicolor effect and bulkiness were obtained.

15-125- Comparative Example 1 - Polyester yarn was partially and intermittently made uneven in thickness during the drawing process, and the fabric specifications, processing conditions, and processing results are shown in Table 6. Comparative Example 1 - The entire yarn had some intermittently uneven thickness, and when dyeing was applied, the thick part was dyed darkly. However, the obtained yarn was not as shown in Figure 1. By comparison.

Part A is a thin part, and the entire single filament is also thin.

On the other hand, part B is a thick part, and all of the single filaments are also thick parts. Moreover, the structure did not consist of a mixture of thick and thin parts. Therefore, all the single filaments in part B are composed of (1)).

As comparative examples, six types of fabrics were made: georgette crepe, textured yarn fabric using temporary twist yarn (2,72 twill), and habutae.

All areas were treated with alkali.

(1) Alkali dissolution was extremely rapid, especially in thick parts, and the drawing strength was significantly reduced, failing to meet practical performance.

(2) The part where the alkali dissolves quickly (thick part).

Completely dissolved, but only partially inside the fabric.

Intermittent cavities were generated, resulting in a special curved deformed cross section as in the present invention, which could not be put into practical use.

(3) Regarding the texture of the fabric, drapability was obtained, but it was not repellent.
Wrinkle resistance is poor.

(4) It is difficult to control the weight loss rate by alkali treatment, and for example, a slight difference in treatment time results in a large difference in the weight loss rate, making industrial production and processing impossible.

(5) Results of verifying the practical performance of the obtained product.

In particular, thick parts (1) For example, parts that are subject to a lot of wear and abrasion, such as knees and elbows, were severely brittle and did not meet practical performance.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a side view of a polyester long fiber thick and thin yarn of the present invention, Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 1, and Figure 6 is a yarn of the present invention with an alkali weight loss rate of 71%. FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of the yarn of the present invention with an alkali weight loss rate of 12.31. A: Portion where the entire yarn is thin B: Portion where the yarn is thick as a whole (a): Completely drawn filament portion (b): Incompletely drawn filament portion (C): Bay-shaped deformed cross section Patent applicant Toshi Co., Ltd. 20- ■ 1 figure 121

Claims (1)

[Claims] (]) The diameter of the yarn changes in the direction of the fiber axis, and there is a difference in dyeing between the thick part and the thin part, and it is only partially dyed. The cross-sectional area of the intermittent thick parts is 1.2 to 1.8 times the cross-sectional area of the thin parts, and the total length of the thick parts is 20
Polyester long fiber thick and thin yarn 〇 (2) 〇 (2) Fully drawn filament part has birefringence of 15 to 7
0 x 10 polyester long fiber thick and thin yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that it is a highly oriented undrawn yarn.