JPS5867788A - Fluid compound fuel of carbonized plant and its preparation - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:The titled fuel advantageous for transportation because of being fluid, having high calorific value, comprising a specific neutral colloidal fluid obtained by blending a mixture consisting of a specified carbonized plant and a rosin-containing alcohol with >= equivalent amount of oil, adding a surface active agent and a gelling agent to the blend. CONSTITUTION:A mixture of a carbonized plant (e.g., carbonized wood biomass carbonized grass biomass such as carbonized chaff, etc.) crushed into >=200 meshes and >=1/2 based on the carbonized plant of rosin-containing alcohol (preferably containing 10wt% pine resin is blended with >= equivalent amount of fats or oils to give a blend, which is mixed with 0.5-1.5wt% surface active agent (e.g., a mixture of a straight-chain alkylbenzene type and a higher alcohol type, etc.) and 0.5-1.5wt% gelling agent (e.g., sodium alginate, etc.) and adjusted to a neutral pH, a water content of 5-20wt%, and a viscosity of 250-5,000cp, to give the desired fuel. EFFECT:Having a high calorific value of >=7,000kcal/kg.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a composite fluid fuel comprising charcoal obtained from woody biomass and herbaceous biomass, oils, and alcohol containing about 10 g of pine resin, and a method for producing the same.

In today's modernized life, gasified fuel or liquid fuel with a capacity of 6,500 kcat/kg or more is mostly used for household fuel, and for various industrial uses? Liquid fuel (heavy oil or kerosene), which is easy to use and has a high calorific value, is also used as oil fuel or agricultural fuel.

However, recently there has been a shortage of fossil fuels, especially oil, and the soaring prices have led to strong calls for a move away from oil.

Firewood, processed ogalite, udenox, etc. are produced and used as fuel directly from biomass. Originally, herbaceous biomass, mainly wood, is an amorphous solid phase that contains a large amount of water.
Its apparent bulk specific gravity is small, and its constituent components contain many oxygen atoms, so its absolute calorific value is low, and its range of uses as a fuel is limited.

In addition, the apparent specific gravity, which is a problem in transportation, is 0.8 for oil and 0.7 for coal, but it is extremely small at 0.1 for wood/guinea mass and herbaceous biomass. It has many disadvantages compared to other fuels, such as low heat and disadvantages in terms of transportation costs. Therefore, there has been a desire for the development of a universal composite fluid fuel that solves these drawbacks and problems and is compatible with people's lifestyles.

In view of the above-mentioned current situation, the first object of the present invention is to provide a fuel that meets these requirements and a method for producing the same by converting charcoal obtained from woody biomass and herbaceous biomass into a fluid composite fuel. do.

The word biomass is often used these days, but if we define biomass, it means that it is accumulated on a quantitative scale and is used to generate energy and energy.
Ukoto refers to living organisms that serve as a resource for food and industrial raw materials, or objects produced along with biological activities. Biomass is broadly divided into terrestrial and iomast water biomass. Terrestrial biomass includes ■starchy biomass, ■carbohydrate biomass, ■woody biomass, ■herbaceous biomass,
It can be divided into ■hydrocarbon biomass and ■waste biomass. Magazine "Wood Industry J 1981 (3゜56) May issue P, 10-16 includes ■.

Contains a review of composite fluid fuels made from ■.

The second object of the present invention is to provide an easy-to-use fluid fuel using charred materials of (1) woody biomass and (2) herbaceous biomass as raw materials.

Until the 1950s, the consumption of wood energy accounted for 80cm of total energy consumption, and every household had one or two bales of charcoal.
The bales were lying around.

As the lives of ordinary people changed due to economic growth, household energy sources changed to electricity, gas, and oil, and firewood and charcoal disappeared from ordinary households. Even farmers in mountain villages in depopulated areas have turned to electricity and fossil fuels, but with the oil crisis in the air, it would not be surprising to see people reconsidering wood energy. However, new advances in the use of wood energy are needed before it can be brought back into the homes of ordinary people.

Therefore, the inventor conducted research on creating a fluid fuel that is easy to use, and as a result, discovered a fluid fuel in which powdered carbide, oil, and alcohol exhibit a stable colloidal state, and a method for producing the fluid fuel. Carbonization of woody and herbaceous biomass is an easy method to convert wood into energy, second only to combustion, and has been widely used since ancient times. Charcoal has a higher calorific value than firewood. Dry firewood has an average value of 4.500 kcal/kl/, but charcoal has an average value of 7.500 kcal/kl/. OOOk ca17ftg and unlike firewood, it is flameless. When wood is heated, it decomposes into gaseous substances and charcoal. This phenomenon is called wood pyrolysis.

Charcoal has the properties of both lignin charcoal and holocellulose charcoal. When wood is heated, water evaporates and some of the hemicellulose and lignin begin to decompose. This temperature is 1
The temperature is around 40℃. Next, hemicellulose begins to rapidly decompose, and when the temperature reaches 298°C, cellulose rapidly decomposes and generates heat. Finally, the remaining lignin decomposes leaving charcoal at a temperature of approximately 450°C.

As mentioned above, charcoal does not contain oxygen atoms in its molecular structure like firewood, so its calorific value is high;
Considering that it is easier to pulverize compared to wood,
In order to achieve the various purposes mentioned above, this powdered charcoal is mixed with alcohol containing 10 g of oil and pine resin, mixed and kneaded in a mortar to make the charcoal into a uniform fine powder, which is then turned into a stable colloidal fluid fuel. In order to make the water-soluble surfactant 0.
5 to 1.5%, and 0.06 to 0.5% of a vegetable caking agent or a synthetic polymer aqueous solution to the total weight as an additive. The water content is adjusted to 10 to 25 inches relative to the weight, and the viscosity is 250 to 5.0 OOcP.

The charred materials used in the present invention include charred wood biomass, charred herbaceous biomass (for example, charred rice husk, charred sugarcane, etc.), charred waste paper, and the like.

Alcohol, ethyl alcohol, or methyl alcohol may be used, but if 10 g of pine resin is added to this alcohol, the pine resin will dissolve well in the alcohol.

As the surfactant, a neutral, aqueous type surfactant is used.

Generally usable products are mixtures of α-olefins (anions), higher alcohols (anions), fatty acids (non-ions), and higher alcohols (non-ions), with some of them removed. Can be used. For example, simple surfactants include linear alkylbenzene type and higher alcohol type (anion).
Mixtures can be used as dispersants.

The amount of neutral surfactant added must be at least 1.5 inches based on the total weight. The upper limit is 1.5 inches, and the effect is the same beyond that.

The auxiliary agent is preferably an aqueous solution of highly viscous vegetable substances such as sodium alginate, CMC, starch paste, molasses, guar gum, gum arabic, or a viscous liquid obtained by crushing seaweed. PEG (polyethylene glycol) is added to these highly viscous plant-based substances.
A mixture containing 50% of Toka PvA (polyvinyl alcohol), etc., which is 0.06 to 0.06% of the total weight.
5%, it is adjusted to a range of 250 to 5.0' OOcP.

Further, the water content is set to 5 to 20 inches. As mentioned above, this is for colloidal dispersion and for adjusting the viscosity, and also because the combustibility of the fluid fuel is good within this range.

Stirring to obtain the colloidal mixture of the present invention is preferably performed using a high-speed stirrer or a mortar-like grinding method.

In both cases, a hot method is used since powdered coal may explode.

Tables 1 to 3 show the results of typical experimental examples, and Table 1 shows the calorific value measurement results of charcoal, ethyl alcohol containing 10% pine resin, and kerosene composite fuel. Also, Table 2 shows charcoal, pine tar, 10
These are the calorific value measurement results when kerosene was added to the weight composition side of ethyl alcohol (EA). Furthermore, Table 3 shows the measurement results of the calorific value of charcoal, 10% ethyl alcohol added to pine resin, and kerosene/water-based composite fuel as a function of water content (MC) changes.

Table 1 Including charcoal, mouth, and thin 10 pieces Ethyl alcohol/petroleum composite fuel Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail.

Example 1 Finely powdered charcoal 25 with a moisture content of around 20% obtained by carbonizing forest residues
Ethyl alcohol containing 10 g of rosin (
After mixing and stirring 100 g of kerosene (water content 5%) and 100 I of kerosene in a high-speed stirrer, α-olefin (anion),
Add water to a surfactant consisting of a higher alcohol type (anion), a higher alcohol type (nonionic), or a fatty acid type (nonionic) to a concentration of 35%. 15g of a formulated neutral type dispersion stabilizer ( By gradually adding 20 g of low quality molasses (water content 30%) and continuing high speed stirring, 480 g of viscous fluid fuel was obtained. The viscosity of this fluid fuel was 2.300 cP, and it was stable with no change even when the viscosity was measured two months later.

Table 4 shows the amount of preparation and calorific value in this example.

Example 2 100 g of ethyl alcohol (5% water content) containing 1 OaIb of ronone and 100 g of kerosene were placed in a high-speed stirrer to 300 g of powdered charcoal with a water content of around 40 g obtained by carbonizing bark waste in a wood factory. After mixing and stirring for about 3 minutes, 15g of dispersion stabilizer (5.25/ml with a blunt material) and 28g of a 0.03% sodium alginate aqueous solution are gradually added and high-speed stirring is continued, resulting in a viscous fluid fuel. The viscosity of this fluid fuel was 3100 cP, and when the viscosity was measured two months later, it only showed a decrease of about 100 cP.

Table 5 shows the amount of preparation and calorific value in this example.

Example 3 Agricultural waste rice sac was carbonized in a fluidized carbonization furnace with a moisture content of 30
% of ethyl alcohol (water content: 10%) and 100 g of kerosene are placed in a high-speed stirrer and mixed and stirred for about 3 minutes. Thereafter, 18 g of dispersion stabilizer (6.9 g for blunt material) and 30 g of CMCI% aqueous solution were gradually added while high-speed stirring was continued to obtain 748 g of viscous fluid fuel. The viscosity of this fluid fuel was 2,800 cP, and when the viscosity was measured after 3 months, it showed an increase in viscosity of about 50 cP.

Table 6 shows the amount of preparation and calorific value in this example.

Example: For 300 g of carbonized agricultural waste sugarcane with a water content of around 15%, which was carbonized in a simple carbonization furnace, 10% of Ronone was added.
When 50 g of ethyl alcohol (moisture content 10%) and 100 g of A heavy oil are placed in an automatic mortar and mixed,
The carbide is pulverized in oil and alcohol. Add 20g of dispersion stabilizer (8g of blunt material) and PEG 50 to this pulverized coal liquid.
When stirring is continued in an automatic mixing mortar while gradually adding 20 g of the aqueous solution, the viscosity increases rapidly after 10 minutes to obtain 490 g of stable colloidal fluid fuel.

The viscosity of this fluid fuel is 3.4 both immediately after production and after 3 months.
00cPO value was shown.

Table 7 shows the amount of preparation and calorific value in this example.

Implementation/Example 5 Carbide made from waste paper is easily pulverized, but it has no use as a fuel in this state. Moisture content 5%
70g of ethyl alcohol (water content 10%) with 10% ronone added to 300g of waste paper charcoal before and after,
Mixed heavy oil 100 with approximately 30% C heavy oil added to A heavy oil
9 and mix and knead with a stirrer for about 10 minutes. To this mixture, 25 g of dispersion stabilizer (79 g of blunt material) and PE
G 20g of 50% aqueous solution 1 Furthermore, when stirring is continued while gradually adding 5g of starch paste, after about 8 minutes, the viscosity rapidly increases and 520g of uniformly dispersed colloidal fuel is obtained.
can get. The viscosity of this fluid fuel was 3,600 cP, and the viscosity did not change even after two months had passed. Table 8 shows the amount of preparation and calorific value of this example.

Since the present invention is constructed as described above, firstly, it is a fluid, which is advantageous for transportation, and secondly, since it is a mixed system of charcoal, oil, and alcohol, it has a high calorific value of 7.000 kcat/Ig or more. It has the excellent effect of being fully usable as a general fuel. Furthermore, in particular, woody biomass and herbaceous biomass will weather and decompose if left in the natural environment, but if they are carbonized, they will not decay and the carbon source can be permanently fixed, so the composite fuel of the present invention This means that production can be planned constantly throughout the four seasons.

Furthermore, in the present invention, since the fluid fuel contains water, its stoichiometric air-fuel ratio is lower than that of coal, and therefore combustion is possible with a lean mixture of air, and the concentration of harmful components in the exhaust gas is also lowered. In addition, the high moisture content reduces NOx
It is also effective in reducing

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A mixture of carbonized plant material crushed to 200 mesh or less, alcohol containing ronone, and commercially available oil in an equal amount by weight, and neutralized by a surfactant and a gluing agent. A coroiglu-like fluid with a water content of 10~
A composite fluid fuel made of carbonized plant matter, characterized in that the viscosity is in the range of 250 to 5,000 cP at 20% by weight. (2) A mixture made by adding alcohol containing ronone to 1/2 or less of the weight of vegetable charcoal crushed to 200 meth or less, or an equivalent amount of commercially available oils. Add surfactant to 0.5 to 1.5
0.5 to 1.5 of the total weight is added as an auxiliary agent and a gluing agent, and the - is almost neutral and the water content is 5 to 5.
20% and the viscosity thereof is 250 to 5,000cP.