JPS5840595A - Molding for absorbing and shielding sound - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a porous material molded body for soundproofing, sound insulation or sound absorption, a method for producing such a molded body, and K.

The present invention relates to a method of soundproofing, insulating, or absorbing sound using this type of molded body.

Soundproofing, sound insulation or sound absorption is currently a top priority, especially from an environmentally friendly perspective. Currently, humans are generally subject to the effective effects of noise loads in highly industrialized environments. This one in particular.

This applies to noise from machines, vehicles, electric machines, electrical equipment, construction machinery, air equipment, pumps, pneumatic equipment, etc. Also in the construction of vehicles, ie cars, railcars, ships or aircraft, the reduction of the noise load is of great importance.

Noise loads can be reduced by sound insulation and absorption. Here, "clean sound" means the prevention of sound propagation by reflective obstacles (e.g. walls), and also means the extinction of sound by K when it is converted into heat. . Both phenomena are particularly important in the construction of vehicles (e.g. automobiles).
play an important role.

When making a car body, it is necessary to take rounding, sound insulation and sound absorption measures to reduce sound propagation through air and solid objects.

For this purpose, the interior of the vehicle body is generally covered with insulating material. Insulating materials of this type are, for example, foams or fleece mats, possibly containing dense layers;
Attach the vehicle body (e.g. floor, end wall, (page 6) engine room) K. The insulating material is prepared in advance in a shape that matches the contours of the floor, etc. of the vehicle body and is assembled in accordance with the vehicle model. In this case, KF for good sound absorption and sound guidance
i. First, it is necessary to glue or fuse a film such as FF1K Pitumen inside the floor of the car body for soundproofing, and then to glue a sound-absorbing/sound-transmitting molded body onto the film.

Conventionally, it has been possible to achieve sound absorption and cleanliness for automobiles by combining a film and a molded article (for example, a foam molded article, a fleece mat molded article) as described above.

The same applies to steel plate members and casing members of machines, engines, etc. - Conventional sound absorption/insulation methods require extra gluing or fusion work, which adds material costs, reducing labor and expense. Moreover, it is contrary to the weight reduction policy especially for automobiles.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a method for simultaneously absorbing and insulating sound, and to provide a molded article suitable for the above-mentioned method, which can be easily and inexpensively produced and is also useful for weight reduction.
! It lies in emitting.

For this purpose, the surface facing the acoustic propagator is open, and the open surface is closed with a thin, flexible, high-strength film;
This is achieved by a molded body consisting of a layer of porous material with hollow spaces filled with particulate material.

The porous material may be foam, woven, knitted, felt and/or fleece. Foam materials include thermoplast (thermoplastic material) with fillers and also without #-j': If material, Schrob 2 St (
thermosetting materials) and or elastomers.

Thermoplasts include polyurethane, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, polystere/
, polyolefins (e.g. polyethylene, polypropylene>, d':I), vinyl halides (e.g. polyvinyl chloride), polyamides, polycarbonates, ethyl vinyl acetate copolymers, styrene acrylonitrile copolymers, mixtures and copolymers of the above materials are preferred. It is.

Durozolast includes polyurethane, urea/formaldehyde resin, phenol-formaldehyde resin,
Urea-melamine resins and mixtures of the above materials are preferred.

Suitable rubber materials are mixtures of natural rubber, synthetic rubber, polyurethane and queen material.

Examples of synthetic combs, i~teke, ethylene propylene rubber,
Styrene-butadiene rubber, butadiene rubber, chloroprene rubber, Inglene rubber, nitrile rubber, butyl rubber, synthetic rubber crosslinked with peroxides, amines, incyanates, etc., acrylate rubber, fluororubber, chlorosulfonated polyurethane, nitrone rubber, silicone rubber, thioplast , urethane rubber, and ethylene/vinyl acetate rubber.

Textiles, felts and/or fleece materials can be made of natural and/or chemical fibers, such as inorganic natural fibers (e.g. asbestos), mineral fibers (rock #I), organic natural fibers (e.g. wool, cotton, coconut fibers). , jute, Xyzal hemp, timer, wood, etc., chemical fibers made of natural materials (glass, ceramic, gold wool, cellulose, paper, etc.), fully synthetic materials (polyurethane, polypropylene, etc.) HoIJ styrene, polyamide, polyurethane, vinyl copolymer, acrylonitrile polymer, polyterephthalate ester,
It can be constructed from Ihigaku fibers made of a mixture of these materials.

The foam material may contain inorganic fillers (e.g. barite, chalk, stone powder, melk, kaolin, clay, schist powder, mica,
From quartz, sand, fiberglass, glass powder, asbestos, metal powder, metal oxide powder, brick powder, charcoal, slag powder,
(lime powder, passalt powder) and organic fillers (e.g., wood flour, slagite, soot, refill powder, rubber recycle, mixtures thereof).

The porous material has a hollow space which is machined from the porous material in a suitable manner and is open downwardly. One hollow spoon is
For example, it can be made by hollowing out material from a porous material plate. By installing a removable core at the location in the mold where the hollow soot is to be formed, or by making the shape of the mold and the location corresponding to each other, it can be easily done without any subsequent processing. In a special embodiment of the present invention, a cavity filled with a porous particulate material is placed at a desired location in the mold to form a hollow soot. For example, if a foam material is injected into a mold, the foam material is formed around the above-mentioned grooves, and a foam material containing a hollow space R filled with particulate material is obtained.

Proper selection of foam and box materials (eg, polyurethane foam and polyurethane film) allows for direct bonding of the foam and film.

The bag and the foam material are fixed together using auxiliary means (e.g., adhesive).
It can also be done by K. A perforated strip is provided on the edge of the bag,
The bag can also be secured by inserting a foam material through this strip.

The cross-sectional shape of the hollow space R-seat is generally as follows for ease of creation.
It is square or rectangular. However, another shape (
For example, it may be circular, diamond-shaped, triangular, polygonal, etc.). The hollow space formed by the insertable bag during foaming has the same cross-sectional shape as the hollow space. The cross-sectional shape of the bag is generally square or rectangular. The depth of the hollow slot is determined by the charge of fine powder material. It is expedient to fill the hollow soot with finely divided material as completely as possible.

The lower side of the hollow space containing the particulate material is closed with a thin (high strength film) which prevents the particulate material filled in the hollow space from passing through. Withstands the weight of fine grain materials,
Furthermore, it must have sufficient strength to withstand the loads generated during production, processing, and assembly of the molded body. The film thus completely covers the hollow space. In this case, the hollow space is provided with an edge projecting from the first space in order to fix the film to the foam material. The film can also be sized to span the entire underside of the foam so that a single film can cover multiple hollow spaces.

The film is constructed from a thin, high-strength material that withstands the loads during manufacturing, heating, and use. As materials for the film, thermoplastics, duroderlasts and or elastomers can be used. As thermoplastics, polyolefins (e.g. polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutylene, polyisobutylene), polyamides, polyvinyl chloride, polycarbonates, polyurethanes, polyhalogenated olefins can be used. (e.g., polytetrafluoroethylene), polyoxymethylene, styrene polymers (e.g., polystyrene, styrene-butadiene copolymer,
Styrene/acrylonitrile copolymer, 7-IJ runitrile/butadiene/styrene copolymer), polyester (e.g., EVA, polycarbonate, polyethylene glycol terephthalate, polybutylene glycol terephthalate)), polysulfone, polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose d4 (e.g., acetic acid) cellulose, cellulose acetobutyrate, cellulose (anhydrous cellulose),
= t'rehalonated vinyl vinyl & lJ vinyl 1 1
．． 5 Shell 9 Ether, polyacrylic ester, polyether sulfone, etc. are suitable.

For example, polyurethane is suitable as Durodelast.

Suitable elastomers are natural rubber, synthetic rubber, polyurethane and mixtures of the above materials.

Examples of synthetic rubbers include ethylene/propylene rubber, styrene/butadiene rubber, butadiene rubber, chlorosolene rubber, isozolene rubber, nido rubber, butyl rubber,
Synthetic rubbers crosslinked with peroxides, amines, isocyanates, etc., acrylate rubbers, fluorocombs, chlorosulfonated polyethylenes, nitroso rubbers, silicone rubbers, thioplasts, urethane rubbers, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, etc.

The film can also be constructed from a mixture of the above materials.

The film may be a composite film (e.g., a two-layer film,
(3-layer film) The front is a textile strip (page 14). Films woven from chemical fibers (eg, glass, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyamide, boron 1/tan, ♂yl copolymer, acrylonitrile polymer, polyterephthalate) can also be used.

The thickness of the film is from about 1 μm to 1,000 μm, preferably from about 5 am to about 300 μm, more preferably from 15 am to 100 μm.

The film is fixed to the underside of the porous material by suitable means (eg gluing, welding).

The fine particulate material to be filled into the hollow space R-seat includes mineral materials,
Inorganic or organic materials are suitable.

Mineral fillers or inorganic fillers include neckite, chalk, stone powder, melk, kaolin, clay, swelling clay, schist powder, mica, quartz, sand (e.g. sea sand), glass fiber,
Glass powder, asbestos, metal powder, metal oxide powder, brick powder, brick fragments, crushed stone, slag, lime powder, cuttings, metal balls (e.g. lead balls), shotgun, gravel, passalt,
There are clay, chamotte, etc.

(Page 15) Examples of organic materials include wood flour, slag, soot, rubber recycle, cork, charcoal, beet, etc.

Mixtures of the above materials can also be used; the particle size of the fine-grained material is generally between 0.001 and 20 m?
Yes, 0.01-2ml for sand or similar materials
It is preferable if the particle size is 0.3 to 1, and more preferably if it is 0.3 to 1. For materials that are easy to crush (e.g. barite), a smaller particle size (e.g. 0.001 to 0.1 n) can be adopted. . In the case of metal particles, gravel, slag, etc., larger particle sizes (for example, 3 to 201+11) can be used.

The particle size distribution of the particulate material may be in the larger range (e.g., all of the above particle size ranges). The particulate material may be of constant particle size, the particulate material fl! K.

For example, it may be a mixture (for example, a mixture of crushed stone and barite) and may be a mixture of various particle sizes to provide sound absorption, sound insulation, and soundproofing for a particular frequency spectrum. It is advantageous for the water content of the particulate material to be as low as possible. Because existence 1! I open i1U 58-4(1
595(5) because moisture deteriorates the damping characteristics of the fine particulate material.

K to obtain good damping characteristics is a hollow space R containing a porous material.
- A high-strength film closing the lower surface of the case should be as thin as possible. In this case, the particulate material adheres, by its own weight, to the underlying film surface where the sound is to be absorbed and attenuated. There is thus a good bond between the vibrating surface and the fine-grained material, so that a good sound insulation and insulation is achieved. (e.g., a dense layer of highly filled polymeric material). Thermoplastics, duroplasts or elastomers are used as polymeric materials for dense layers of this type.

Examples of thermoplasts include bitumen, pitch, resins, synthetic thermoplastics (e.g. polyvinyl chloride), polyolefins (e.g. polyethylene, polyglobylene, polyurethane), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, polyvinyl acetate (page 17). 1, polypropionate vinyl, polymethacrylate ester, polyacrylate ester, polyvinylate ester,
Polyethers, cellulose derivatives, polyacetals, hydrocarbon resins, styrene polymers (e.g. polystyrene,
acrylic-butadiene copolymer, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, styrene-acrylic-butadiene copolymer), mixtures and/or copolymers of the above materials, N
Examples include l-mer and the like.

Examples of Durodelasts include evo-medium resins, polyesters, polyurethanes, mixtures and/or copolymers of the above materials, and the like.

Examples of elastomers include natural rubber, polyurethane and or synthetic rubber (e.g. ethylene-propylene rubber, ethylene globylenter polymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, butadiene rubber, chloroprene rubber, inoprene rubber, nitrile rubber, butyl rubber , synthetic rubber cross-linked with Am compounds, amines, incyanates, etc., acrylic rubber, fluororubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene, nitroso rubber, silicone rubber, thioplast, urethane rubber, ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer, rubber recycled products ) There is power.

Mixtures and copolymers of all the above materials can also be used. Dense layers can also be filled with mineral fillers (e.g. barite, chalk,
stone powder, talc, kaolin, clay, kazene powder, mica, quartz, sand, glass fiber, glass powder, asbestos, metal powder, metal oxide powder, brick powder, charcoal, slag powder, lime powder, passalt powder) and It can be filled with organic fillers (eg, wood flour, dollarhite, soot, back powder, recycled rubber, mixtures of these materials).

The dense layer may contain conventional additives such as plasticizers, lubricants, stabilizers, surfactants, etc.

The molded article according to the present invention has sound absorbing and sound insulating properties compared to the prior art (page 19) with the same weight or less weight due to the appropriate three-dimensional arrangement of the hollow spaces filled with the particulate material. Or soundproofing can be improved. For each vehicle body, it can be easily found through experiments that the sound absorption, sound cleanliness, and sound insulation properties can be optimally utilized with the minimum weight.

The hollow space is located in the center of each body member, and furthermore,
Depending on the predetermined pattern, for example, a checkerboard pattern, symmetrical Kt or asymmetrical Kt can be installed for one minute.

The molded article according to the present invention can perform sound absorption, sound insulation, and soundproofing even on inclined surfaces and vertical surfaces.

The invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings of preferred embodiments.

FIG. 1 shows the structure of a molded article according to the present invention, which is composed of a cover layer 1 and a porous material layer 2 having one hole 4f. The hollow R-soo 4 is formed by vertically recessing K in a porous material (in this example, a foam material), and has a particle size of 0.
It is filled with granular material 5 consisting of 3 to 1 pieces of dry sand. A thin, high-strength film 3 is provided on the entire lower surface of the molded body.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the molded article according to the present invention.

This molded body is placed in a bag 3 made of a thin, high-strength film (for example, a polyurethane film) containing grains It O, 3 to 1.
The bag was prepared by filling it with dry sand 5 and closing the bag by welding, and the bag was inserted into a mold and the polyurethane foam material was foamed in a known manner. At this time, bag 3 filled with sand
The molded body shown in FIG. 2 is obtained in which the foam layer 2 rests on the lower surface of the foam material layer 2.

The bag 3Fi is held by one small foam tong 7 around the bag so that it does not come off the foam layer. FIG. 3 shows a bottom view of the molded body of FIG. 2.

As can be seen from the figure, the bag 3 is within the foam layer 2. When the bag 3 filled with sand 5 is seen from the bottom, the foam material 2
in the center of

FIG. 4K shows another embodiment of the molded article according to the present invention.

In this case, five bags 3 filled with sand are arranged in outer cans near the corners and in the center of the molded body, respectively. (21st member) An excellent sound insulation effect can also be obtained by arranging the bags as described above.

Figure 5 shows a comparison between the sound absorption and frequency curves of the molded bodies shown in Figures 3 and 4 and that of a foam plate without a sand-filled hollow space. As shown, the practical example in Figure 3 (curve 2) exhibits better sound absorption than the prior art in all frequency ranges, while the example in Figure 4 (curve 3) exhibits better sound absorption at frequencies below 200 Hz. At low frequencies, the sound absorption is somewhat inferior to that of the prior art (track fs3), but at high frequencies, it has essentially better sound absorption, enclosure, and better sound absorption than the embodiment of FIG. I'll show you

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a molded article according to the present invention, and FIG.
A cross-sectional view of another embodiment using a bag, FIG. 3 is a bottom view of a molded article according to the present invention, No. 4F21 is a bottom view of another practical example, and FIG. It is a graph comparing the sound absorption properties of the body and that of the prior art. l...Cover 1-12...Porous material layer, 3...
Film, 4... Hollow space, 5... Fine particle material 6
42 Fig, 3 Fig, 4 Procedural amendments dated October 12, 1983, Japan Patent Office Handling Office Kazuo Wakasugi Sound absorbing/insulating molded body 8, contents of the amendments As shown in the attached sheet

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1) In a porous material molded body for sound absorption, sound insulation, and soundproofing, the surface facing the sound propagation body is open.1. The molded article is characterized in that the open surface is closed with a thin, flexible, high-strength film and is comprised of a porous material layer having a hollow space filled with a fine-grained material. . 2) The molded article according to claim 1, characterized in that a high-density layer is provided on the surface opposite to the acoustic propagation body. 3) The molded article according to claim 1, wherein the porous material is a 7-ohm material, a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, a felt, and/or a fleece material. 4) The molded article according to claim 1, wherein the particulate material consists of a mineral filler, a non-contact material, an organic material, or a mixture thereof. 5) A thin, single-strength film is used as a thermoplast,
2. The molded article according to claim 1, which is made of Page Durodelast and/or an elastomer. 6) The thickness of the thin and high strength film is 1 μm to 1 to
6. The molded article according to claims 1 and 5, characterized in that the molded article has a diameter of preferably 5 μm to 300 μm, more preferably 15 μm to too μm. 7) The molded article according to claim 1, wherein the film is a part of a bag which is placed in a hollow container and filled with a particulate material. 8) The molded article according to claims 1 and 7, wherein the material of the bag is a thermoplastic film, a duroderlast film, and/or an elastomer film. 9) The molded article according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the fine grain material is lfim-20 μm. 10) The molded article according to claim 1, wherein the fine grain material is sand with a particle size of 0.3 to 2'ms. ti) The dense layer is made of thermoplast, Jurodera (
(Page 3) The molded article according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that it is made of an elastomer and/or an elastomer. 12) Claim 1, characterized in that the high-density layer contains a filler, and! The molded article according to item 2. 13) The molded article according to claims 1 and 12, wherein the filler is a mineral filler, an inorganic filler, and/or an organic filler. 14) Molded article according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that the foam material consists of thermoplast, duroplast and/or elastomer containing and/or without filler. 15) The molded article according to claims 1 and 3, wherein the woven fabric, knitted fabric, felt and/or fleece material is made of natural fibers and (1+) synthetic fibers. 16J) Scope of permissible rust In the method for manufacturing a molded body described in item 1, fine grain material is applied to the hollow space of the molded body '4)
53-40595 (2) A method characterized by filling and closing the hollow space with a thin, high-strength film. 17) Before the foaming treatment, a bag made of a thin high-strength film and filled with a particulate material is inserted into a point in the foaming mold corresponding to the intended position of the hollow space of the molded object. The method according to scope item 16. 18) In a method of sound absorption, sound insulation and soundproofing,
Attach the molded body to the surface to be sound-absorbed and sound-proofed,
A method characterized in that a hollow space filled with a fine particulate material is brought into contact with a surface where good sound insulation, sound absorption or sound insulation is to be achieved.