JPS58205209A - Numerical controller with interactive type automatic programming function - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To correct easily a numerical control program by outputting input work information as it is to an external storage medium and storing it, and returning the work information from the external storage medium to a numerical controller. CONSTITUTION:The work information consists of fitting position data on a work and work data, and the data are inputted from a keyboard 11 on interactive basis and stored in a work information storage area MIA. The stored work information is transferred to a bubble memory BM plugged in a bubble memory socket 18 through an I/F19 by pressing a data transfer switch SW1 provided on a subordinate operation board after a numerical control program is generated. When the word information stored in the bubble memory BM can be diverted to another similar work, the data stored in the bubble memory BM is read in the work information storage area by operating a switch SW3.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention]) The present invention creates a numerical control program from machining information representing the machining location and machining shape on a workpiece manually in an interactive format, and performs machining based on the created numerical control program. It is a numerical control device that is equipped with an interactive automatic programming function that controls the machining operations of a machine. In addition to being able to output to an external storage medium, the processing information stored in the external storage medium can be read back into the numerical control device and partially modified to create a different numerical control program. The purpose is to dry the program so that it can be easily modified.

Generally, when machining many types of similar workpieces using machine tools such as machining centers, most of the processing performed on each workpiece is common, and only a portion of it is often different.
In such cases, if a numerical control program created for a particular workpiece is partially modified, it can often be used for machining other workpieces. For this reason, in conventional numerical control devices that have an interactive automatic programming function, the numerical control program created for a specific workpiece is output and saved in an external storage medium such as a magnetic bubble memory, and a similar When machining a workpiece,
A numerical control program stored in an external storage medium is read into the numerical control device again, and the loaded numerical control program is modified to obtain a numerical control program suitable for machining a similar workpiece. In this one,
Since it is necessary to make corrections at the level of the numerical control program, it is extremely difficult to judge which part of the numerical control program should be corrected and how, and only an experienced person can make such corrections. was there.

For this reason, partial modification of such numerical control programs cannot be carried out by ordinary workers who do not have knowledge of numerical control programs, which reduces the usefulness of numerical control devices with interactive automatic programming functions by half. It was the cause.

The present invention has been made in view of these conventional problems, and is characterized by the ability to output and save processed information that has been manually processed in an interactive format to an external storage medium in its original state. and the machining information output to the external storage medium is read back into the numerical control device and modified in an interactive manner, thereby making it possible to create a numerical control program compatible with similar workpieces. It is.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

In FIG. 1, 10 is a numerical control device that numerically controls a machining center type machine tool 20.
Drive circuits DUX, DUY, DUZ respectively drive servo motors 21, 22° 23 provided on each axis of the
The relative position between the workpiece table 25 and the spindle 26 is controlled by distributing pulses to the workpiece table 25, thereby machining the workpiece.

Note that 27 indicates a tool storage magazine, and 28 indicates a tool exchange device.

This numerical control device 10 is a microprocessor MPU.

Dedicated memory ROM, random access memory RAMI that is non-volatile with battery backup.

It mainly consists of a buffer random access memory RAM 2 and a central processing CPU, and a pulse generation circuit 13 and a sequence circuit 15 that supply command pulses to the servo motor drive circuits DUX, DUY, and DUZ are connected to the central processing via an interface 16. connected to the device CPU.

The central processing unit CPU also has a keyboard 11 for inputting machining information and for partially modifying the machining information, and a CRT for displaying operation commands such as input commands.
A magnetic bubble memo IJB in cassette format is connected to a display device 12 via an interface 17.
A bubble memory socket 18 into which M is removably attached is connected via an interface 19.

The backed up random access memo IJRA
As shown in FIG. 2(a), the MI is formed with a machining information area A that temporarily stores machining information and a numerical control data area N0DA that stores a numerical control program. , the central processing unit CPU stores the machining information entered in an interactive manner in the machining information area MIA based on the processing program stored in the read-only memory ROM, and then stores it in the machining information storage area MIA A. A numerical control program is created based on the stored machining information and written into the numerical control data area NCDA. After the creation of this numerical control program is completed, when a machining start command is given, the central processing unit CPU
executes the numerical control execution routine shown in FIG.
Processing is performed according to the numerical control data stored in the rear NCDA.

This numerical control execution routine is executed in the numerical control data area N.
C! It reads the numerical control data stored in the DA one block at a time, distributes pulses to each axis accordingly, and at the same time processes auxiliary functions, etc., and operates in the same way as a conventional numerical control device. Detailed explanation will be omitted.

Further, as will be described later, the central processing unit CPU transfers the machining information stored in the machining information area A of the memory RAM1 or the numerical control program stored in the numerical control data area N0DA to the bubble memory socket 1.
While transferring to the bubble memory BM attached to 8,
It has a function to read the machining information or numerical control program stored in the bubble memory BM into the machining information area A or the numerical control data area NCDA of the buffer memory RAMI. It also has the function of partially modifying the machining information read into machining machine A to create a different numerical control program.

Next, the specific operation of the central processing unit cpυ will be explained based on the flowcharts shown in FIGS. 3 to 6.

1) Input of machining information The machining information is composed of mounting position data representing the mounting position of the workpiece W and machining data representing the machining shape and machining position on the workpiece W. These data are entered manually in an interactive manner and written into the machining information area A. This machining information area machining area A consists of a memory area MASO for storing data on workpiece picking positions, and a plurality of memory areas MAS1 to MASn provided corresponding to each of a plurality of machining processes, and a memory area MASI. ~MASn is divided into a large number of memory blocks as shown in FIG. 2(b), and the type of processing information to be stored in each memory block is determined in advance.

First step of inputting processing information (50a), (50b)
is the step of manually drying the data of the workpiece mounting position, and in step (50a, ""), the table of the machine tool is abstracted and displayed on the CRT display as shown in Figure 8(a). 12 scaling zones 12b, and the deviations in the X and Y axis directions between the reference position of the workpiece and the center of the table, which is the reference position in the XY plane of the machine tool, are respectively defined as X') and y5, and the table At the same time, a dimensional relationship diagram representing that the distance from the top surface to the bottom surface of the workpiece W is zS is displayed in the scaling zone 12b to instruct the operator to input these data manually.

When this process is completed, the central processing unit CPU moves from step (50a) to step (50b), where XS is input from the keyboard 11 by the operator's key operation.

y5. Read the data of zS in order and store this XS, ys in the first memory block MAO of the processing information area MIA.
, Write the ZS data.

The processing after step (51a) that follows this is a process for inputting machining data.
1a), as shown in FIG. 8(b), the workpiece W
The tools used for machining, such as center drills, drills, and taps, are displayed in an abstract manner, and the first machining step allows the operator to select which tool to use for machining.

For example, in the workpieces shown in FIGS. 9(a) and 9(b), if through-holes of the same diameter are to be drilled at the machining positions P1 to P4 provided at the four corners of the workpiece W, the display will be displayed on the drill. Enter the ``2++'' number that is displayed.In response to this,
The central processing unit CPU moves to step (51b),
The code @2''' is written to the first memory block MBSIA of the memory area MASI in which machining data of the first machining process is written in the machining information storage area machining A memory area, and at the same time, the machining process is performed in step (52). Determine the type,
In steps (r3a) and (53b), dimensional data for defining the machining shape according to the type of machining is manually generated.

That is, a graphic pattern that abstracts the machining shape according to the type of machining determined in step (52) is created in the scaling zone 12a in step (53a).
to instruct the operator to manually operate the dimensional data according to the machined shape, and then in step (53b), the input dimensional data is stored in the second memory block MBSIB of the memory area MASI. do. In this case, since the first process is drilling, in step (53a), an abstracted figure of the drill hole is displayed on the OR'l' display device 12, as shown in FIG. 8(c). The operator is instructed to input data representing the diameter d and depth l of the hole by displaying it on the screen 12a, and when the operator inputs the dimensions of the diameter d and depth l of the hole in response, the central processing unit cpt
r stores this data in storage block MBSIB in step (53b).

When the input of the machining shape is completed in this way, the process moves to step (55a), where various machining patterns are displayed on the display screen as shown in FIG. 8(d), and the selection of the machining pattern is instructed. When the operator inputs a comment indicating the machining turn at the top of the display screen, and in response inputs one of the following inputs, the central processing unit CPU executes step (55b). ) is stored in the storage block MBSI (!) of the storage area MASI, and then, in step (56), the type of modified pattern is determined, and in step (57a), an enlarged view of the specified modified pattern is stored. , displays a dimensional relationship diagram representing the dimensional data required when executing this machining process.In this case, the machining position P1 that should be
.about.P4 are arranged in a lattice pattern, ``3'' is input as the processed pattern, and in response to this, the lattice pattern shown in FIG. 8(e) and its dimensional relationship 1 are displayed.

In response, the operator calculates the x + y + P 1 + P 2 + required in processing the grid pattern.
When data such as N 1r ′ N 2 +h, c, and a are input in sequence, the central processing unit CPU executes step (57
In b), this is sequentially written to the storage block MESID of the storage area MASI, and when this is completed,
The process moves to step (58), and as shown in FIG. 8(f), a comment indicating whether there is additional processing or not is displayed. If you operate the 2'' key assuming that there is no additional machining at this stage, a special code will be written at the beginning of the memory area MAS2, which is used to store machining data for the second machining process, indicating that there will be no further machining. The process moves to step (70) in Fig. 5 to complete the process of writing machining data, and when the operator presses the 71" key to perform additional machining, the process returns from step (58) to step (51a). , the processing of the second processing step is performed manually on the processing data being defined in the same manner as in the above case. The machining data of this second machining process is stored in the third storage area M of machining information area machining A.
Written to AS2.

In this embodiment, machining positions P1 to P4 are placed on the workpiece W.
In addition to drilling, there is polling at machining position P5, and if this is to be machined in the second machining process, the type of machining will be determined when the screen shown in Figure 8(b) is displayed in step (51a). In response to this, when the dimensional relationship diagram for polling hole drilling shown in FIG. 8(g) is displayed in step (53b), the requested writing d, . The data of 1 and S are input manually, and in step (55a), the data of FIG. 8(d) is obtained.
When the screen shown in is displayed, enter "4', which corresponds to the random additive turn, as a code to specify the modified everter turn.
In response to this input, when the screen of FIG. 8(h) is displayed, the data of dimensions X, y, z, and C9a indicating the hole position etc. are input manually.

As a result, the data input interactively as described above are stored in order in predetermined storage blocks within the storage area MAS2.

FIG. 4 shows the steps (5ob) in FIG. 3.

(51b), (53b), (55b), (57
This figure shows the details of the data input processing in b) and (58b), and the overall operation is exactly the same except for the data writing position in each storage area and the data display position on the display screen.

In this program, step (1) to step (i
ji) is a step of displaying the machining data stored in the machining information storage area M-A on the display screen 12a of the CRT display device 12, and in step (i), the machining data corresponding to the step of the program is displayed. After reading out the corresponding block of the machining information area A and transferring it to an intermediate buffer IMB (not shown), the read data is displayed at a predetermined position on the display screen. Assuming that nothing is stored in the machining information area machining A at the start of operation, no machining data will be displayed even if this process is performed.

After this, when moving to step (v), the display screen 12a
Among the data names displayed with a symbol above, a cursor is first displayed on the right side of the input operation, and then, in step (vi), the character code input from the keyboard 11 is read. If it is determined that a normal numeric key has been operated based on this character code, the process moves to step C via steps (vii) to (X), and the entered numeric value is used as processed data in the input buffer field. After that, it returns to step (Misaki). By performing this process every time a numeric key is operated, multiple digits of data are input sequentially to the input buffer, and one data input is When it is completed and the return key is pressed, this is determined by step (X), and the process moves from step (X) to step (X) via After that, in step (π), move the cursor position to the right side of the next input data name, then return to step (vi,), and manually input the different data in the above case. , Ichikichi is performed by the same process and stored in the intermediate buffer MB.

By repeating such processing, when all the processing data to be input in a predetermined step has been input, the operator operates the human key, and the central processing unit CPU moves from step (viii) to step (period). ], and stores the plurality of machining data stored in the intermediate bag 7A ME in a predetermined memory block of the machining information area M-A.This completes the data input process and moves on to the next step. Transition.

■) Creation of a numerical control program When the input of machining information is completed as described above, the central processing unit CPU executes steps (580) to 5 in FIG.
Moving to step (7o) in the figure, a numerical control program is created. -t, that is, first step (70
), data on the type of machining and machining shape in the first machining process and the second machining process are stored in the machining information storage area MIA.
In the subsequent step (71), the tool file in the random access memory RAMI is referenced to determine the tool selection suitable for the type of machining and machining shape in each machining process. Refer to the tool file to find an identifier for each machining process. and,
When the tool selection is completed, the process moves from step (71) to step (72), where the tool used in the first machining process is indexed to the tool change position and attached to the spindle, and then the second machining process is performed.
Create a numerical control program to index the tool used in the process to the tool exchange position.

Among the numerical control programs shown in FIG. 10, the programs of blocks N0OL and N0O2 are numerical control programs created by this process.

When this processing is completed, the type of machining and the machining pattern are identified in step (73), and in step (75), a numerical control program is created in accordance with the procedure according to the type of machining and the machining pattern.

In this case, since the grid pattern is used for drilling, a program is created to sequentially position the center of the tool at machining positions P1 to P4 and move the tool up and down along two axes.

That is, after calculating the absolute value coordinates of machining positions P1 to P4 with reference to the data in memory blocks MAO and MBSID, the tool is moved to machining positions P1 to P4 by moving within the XY plane.
4. Position the tool in rapid traverse in sequence above 4, and at each machining position, lower the tool in rapid traverse to the idle cutting feed start position, and then move the tool to the lowering end determined by the workpiece top surface position and hole depth data. Create a program to lower the tool at a predetermined cutting speed and then move the tool upward by the tool return distance C from the top of the workpiece, and sequentially store the created numerical control program in the NC data area N0DA of the random access memory RAMI. I'll go. Then, when the creation of the numerical control program for drilling the machining positions P1 to P4 is completed, the process moves from step (75) to step (76), and it is determined whether there is a j-lo applied force II or 100.

In this case, since machining information for performing polling at machining position P5 following drilling at machining positions P1 to P4 is stored in the machining information storage area MIA, the process returns from step (76) to step (70). , Based on the machining information in the storage area MAS2, a numerical control program for polling machining is created in the same procedure as in the above case, and when this is completed, the process returns to the four-way main routine from step (76) and the numerical control program is created. Complete the creation process.

-1ji) Saving machining information After the creation of the program is completed as described above, when the machining start switch 7 provided on the operation panel of the flasher is pressed, the program shown in Fig. 6 is executed. Numerical control machining is performed based on the numerical control program that has been created, but if the machining information is to be used to create a numerical control program for another workpiece, after installing the bubble memory BM in the bubble memory socket 18, Press the data transfer switch SWI provided on the panel.

This data transfer switch SWI is the processing information area MI.
This is a command that the processing information stored in A is being transferred to the bubble memory, and the central processing unit-CPU runs the program shown in FIG. Run the switch SWI
When it is identified in step (80) that the data has been manipulated, the process moves from step (8o) to step (81), and first, the processing information code indicating that the data is processing information is entered in step ( After transferring the processing information to the bubble memory BM in step (81), the processing information stored in the processing information area BM A is transferred to the bubble memory I in step (82).
All the information is transferred to the JBM, and when this is completed, the process returns to the main flashing routine to complete the process of transferring the machining information.

Short) Loading and modifying machining information Bubble memo When machining a workpiece similar to the workpiece for which machining information is stored in the IJBM, and the machining information can be used, for example, as shown in Fig. 9 (a) and (b). If only the pitch of machining positions P1 to P4 differs in the workpiece, after installing the bubble memory EM in which usable machining information is stored in the bubble memory socket 18, switch SW
Operate 3.

As a result, the central processing unit apu executes the Mizuko program as shown in FIG. It is determined whether the data in is processing information or numerical control program data, and if it is processing information as in this case, the process moves from step (90) to step (91) and the bubble memory BM is processed. The data stored in memory R
AMI processing full area TAK writing, removal is complete.
Then, the process moves to step (50a) in FIG. 3, and the program is corrected.

That is, in the data input step as described above, data is input based on the program shown in FIG.
It also has a function to partially modify the processing information input from M.

For example, if only the pitch of machining positions P1 to P4 is to be changed, only the data input in step (57a) needs to be corrected, and the operator can change the pitch as shown in FIG.
Operate the "NEXT" key until the screen shown in e) is displayed. As a result, the central processing unit CPU performs steps (50b), (51b), (53b),
(Step C of the program of FIG. 4 executed in each of the data input steps in 55J.)
This is determined in , and the process moves to the next step without making any data correction.

When the screen of FIG. 8(e) is displayed by executing step (5'7a) of FIG.
Input data to change the data of PI and P2. That is, when the screen shown in FIG. 8(e) is displayed, the cursor is positioned to the right of the display of "X == 11," and the operator responds by inputting a new value of X. The central processing unit CPU stores the newly inputted data at the beginning position of the intermediate buffer IMB at step (xlji)K, and then returns 'Y-''' at step (π]. After moving the cursor to the right side of the display, return to step [vi). In response to this, when the operator manually inputs the changed value of y and presses the "return" key, the central processing unit CPU stores the changed value of y in the intermediate buffer through the same process as described above. Next, a cursor is displayed on the right side of "Z-°" and the user is requested to enter the value 2, but the value 2 is not changed, so the operator only presses the "Return" key without inputting anything. In this way, when only the "return" key is operated without inputting data, the central processing unit CPU executes step (x
This is determined in ii) and the process moves to step (ys) without writing data to the intermediate buffer MB.

This moves the cursor to the right of 1P1="',
In response to this, enter the corrected value for Pl and press the "Return" key. After this, when the cursor moves to the right of @P2=", input the corrected value for P2 and press the "Return" key. As a result, the corrected values of PL and P2 are also stored in the intermediate X7AE MB.

When the input of the correction value is completed in this way, the operator operates the "input" key.This causes the central processing unit CPU to
The process moves from step C to step (ml), and the corrected data stored in the intermediate buffer MB is stored again in the storage block MBSID of the processing information storage area intermediate A.

When the program shown in FIG. 4 is executed at step (57a) in FIG.
), In (ii), the data of the storage block MBSID in the processing information storage area MIA is transferred to the intermediate buffer MB, and at this point, the above correction is performed, so among the data transferred to the intermediate buffer MB, The data for which no correction data has been input remains as is, and only the portion for which correction data has been input is changed and written again to the storage block MBSID of the machining information area A.

In this way, when the modification of the machining information is completed, the processing steps of the central processing unit aptt are changed to step (7) in FIG.
When the operation step of the central processing unit CPU moves to step (70), a numerical control program will be created based on the corrected machining information. When the machining start switch is operated, numerical control machining will be performed based on a newly created numerical control program.

As mentioned above, in the present invention, an interactive format is used.
In addition to outputting and saving processed information to an external storage medium such as a bubble memory, the processed information stored in this external storage medium can be read back into the numerical control device and partially modified in an interactive manner. Since the configuration is configured so that a numerical control program can be created based on this modified machining information, if there are multiple similar workpieces, input the machining information for only one workpiece and save it. By doing so, when machining a similar workpiece, it is possible to create a numerical control program compatible with the similar workpiece by simply loading this saved machining information into the numerical control device and partially modifying it. I can do it. Therefore, unlike the case where a numerical control program for a similar workpiece is created by modifying a numerical control program, specialized knowledge of data modification is not required, and it can be easily and quickly used to process a similar workpiece. It has the advantage of being able to create numerical control programs.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a numerical control device along with a schematic side view of the machine tool, and FIGS. Figures 3 to 7 show the operation of the central processing unit CPU in Figure 1, and Figures 8(a) to 8 ( h) is a diagram showing the display screen of the display device 12 in FIG. 1;
Figures (a) and (b) are a plan view and a front view showing an example of the machined shape of a workpiece, and Figure 10 is a diagram showing a numerical control program for machining the machining points P1 to P5 shown in Figure 11. . 10... Numerical control device, 11... Keyboard, 12
...Display device, 12a...Fist display screen, 12b...
Scaling zone, 13 battles... Norrus generation circuit, 1
8...Bubble memory socket, 19...Inter 7-eighth, BM...Bubble memory, M-A...Processing information area, RAMI, RAM2...Random access memory, ROM...Read-only memory , W...workpiece. Patent applicant Toyota Machinery Co., Ltd.! ! PJ 2 Figure (a) Figure j1112 (b) Figure 8 (C) Figure 8 (b) Figure 8 (d) Figure 8 <e> Figure 8 (9) Figure 8 (f) Figure 8 ((F) Procedures Amendment Writing Method) 1 Indication of the case Patent Application No. 89550 of 1989 2 Name of the invention Numerical control device with interactive automatic programming function 3 Person making the amendment August 13, 1988 5 Column for brief explanation of the drawings in the subject specification of supplementary IF [i Contents of the amendment (11 Brief explanation of the drawings in the specification) Box from page 25, line 17, opening to page 26, line 2, row 1++ 1' Figure 8... is a diagram showing the figure shown below.'' [Figure 8 (al~Figure 8 (111 is a diagram showing the display screen of the display device 12 in Figure 1; Figure 8 (・li (;
i A screen diagram displayed during the process of inputting the attachment position of the material, Fig. 8 (bl is a screen diagram displayed during the process of selecting Add-c-c !1.), Fig. 8 (C1 (d+ is a screen diagram displayed during the process of selecting the machining tool, Figure 8) (e+ is the addition when the added force is gri, ・t) 2 Input the position information ■ - Displayed in the culm Screen diagram, Figure 8 (fl is the process of querying the additional force old l2) No. 8171 ha is a screen diagram displayed during the process of inputting the addition J type 4J when the tool is a polling tool (Z),
Figure 8 (1+l is a screen diagram displayed during the process of inputting the machining pattern information (-γ) when the machining pattern is random; An example is shown in Figure 10 and Figure 9.
δ1. (Program sheet in which the numerical control program for adding the machining points P1 to P5 shown in hl) is written]-
FIG. ” Above 8

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) Manually input machining information that represents the position and machining shape of the machining location set on the workpiece in sequence, and based on this, create a numerical control program that processes the machining location according to the machining information. and a numerical control device equipped with an interactive automatic programming function that relatively moves the tool according to the created numerical control program to machine the machining location, and a machining information storage means for storing the machining information. and a display device for sequentially displaying types of processing information necessary for processing, and a data input key for inputting processing information in response to the display of the display device, and processing information for the processing information storage means. a processing information writing means for interactively writing and modifying the processing information; a data transfer means for transmitting and receiving the processing information between the processing information storage means and an external storage medium that is removable from the numerical control device; What is claimed is: 1. A numerical control device having an interactive automatic programming function, comprising: numerical control program creation means for creating a numerical control program based on machining information stored in a machining information storage means.