JPS58134286A - Rotary valve - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To lower the whole pressure for sticking a fixed board by rotatably disposing a rotor between a plurality of fixed boards. CONSTITUTION:A rotor 40 is positioned between fixed boards 41, 42 and urged by a rotary shaft 39. A spring 91 is disposed between a fixed board 42 and an outer shell 90 to press the rotor 40 and the fixed board 42 against the fixed board 41, thereby to prevent a fluid from leaking from their contact surfaces. The end surface 40a of the rotor 40 is provided with circular grooves 50, 51 disposed concentricaly with the rotary shaft 39. The end surface 42a of the fixed board 42 is provided with a circular groove 52 disposed concentrically with the rotary shaft 39. Thus, the concentric circular grooves are divided into two contact surfaces.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a rotary valve that distributes one fluid in multiple directions and collects fluids from multiple directions. More specifically, the present invention relates to a rotary valve that simultaneously distributes fluid to the adsorption chambers and accumulates fluid from the adsorption chambers in an adsorption separation apparatus using a simulated moving bed consisting of a large number of adsorption chambers.

The adsorption separation technology using the above-mentioned simulated moving bed was published in 1976.
This method is typically shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 681 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 49-27569, and will be briefly explained below.

The adsorption separation device described above basically consists of three zones: a desorption zone, a concentration zone, and an adsorption zone. It is composed of.

The functions of the crystal zone are as follows.

Adsorption zone: A fluid mixture is brought into contact with an adsorbent to selectively adsorb strongly adsorbed components, and a raffinate containing at least 11 weakly adsorbed components and a desorbent to be described later is extracted.

Concentration zone: Extract and/or extracting the adsorbent that has selectively adsorbed strongly adsorbed components from the desorption zone.
Alternatively, the purity of the strongly adsorbed component of adsorbent-1- is improved by bringing it into contact with a highly purified strongly adsorbed component.

Desorption zone: The strongly adsorbed components concentrated on the adsorbent are expelled by the desorbent, and the extract containing the strongly adsorbed components and the desorbent is extracted.

An example of an adsorption/separation system using a pseudo moving bed in which the above-mentioned crystal zone operation is repeated continuously and the apparent adsorbent is moved in a direction countercurrent to the flow of the fluid will be described with reference to FIG.

A plurality of adsorption chambers 2 to 9 filled with adsorbent are continuously connected by connecting pipes 10 to 17 to form a circulation path. The extraction of fluid from the adsorption chamber and the supply of fluid to the adsorption chamber are performed through connecting pipes 10 to 17 that connect the adsorption chambers and connecting pipes 18 to 25 that connect the rotary valve 1. The fluid supply pipe (desorbent supply pipe 26,
The raw material mixture supply tube 28) and the extraction tube (extract extraction tube 27, raffinate extraction tube 29) move sequentially along the adsorption chamber, and the apparent upward Adsorption separation is carried out using a simulated moving bed in which the adsorbent is driven in the direction. In the state shown in Fig. 1, the adsorption chambers 2-6 constitute the desorption zone, the adsorption chamber 4.5 constitutes the concentration zone, and the adsorption chamber 11□::6.7 constitutes the adsorption zone. The loading chambers 8 and 9 play the role of collecting the desorbing agent and circulating it to the desorbing zone.

The present invention relates to an improvement of a rotary valve having the function as explained in FIG.

The rotary valve that implements the above technology was created by the Special Publication Publication No. 38-114.
This is known from Japanese Patent Laid-open No. 84 or Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 55-97206, and is simplified and explained with reference to FIG. 2 as follows. That is, FIG. 2 is a view of the rotary valve 1 cut on the rotary shaft, and the rotary valve 1 consists of a rotor 30 and a fixed plate 61, and the rotor 60 has an annular groove 62 centered on the rotary shaft. A communication portion 63 is formed that can communicate with the aperture 34 of the stationary platen. Here, the opening 64
Alternatively, 65 is a part of a plurality of arrays arranged at regular intervals on the same circumference centered on the rotation axis of the fixed plate 61,
Connecting pipes 18 to 25 described in FIG. 1 are connected here. Furthermore, the stationary platen 31 has an opening: '1°66 for supplying or extracting fluid. Even when the rotor 30 rotates through a certain angle, the aperture 36 always forms a passage with another aperture of the same type as the aperture 34. Further, the annular groove 62 in the rotor 3o may be located at the center of the rotating shaft, in which case the aperture 37
, the communication portion 38 and the passage such as the opening portion 65 are formed.

If the known rotary valve is to be used for supplying and withdrawing fluid from the previously described adsorptive separation device with a simulated moving bed, a plurality of separate concentric annular grooves are necessarily required.

Generally, adsorption separation using a simulated moving bed requires a large number of adsorption chambers, and as a result, the pressure drop of the fluid passing through the adsorption chambers becomes large. Therefore, the pressure of the fluid flowing through the annular groove within the rotary valve also becomes large. Furthermore, as the annular groove increases, the contact area between the rotor and the stationary plate increases, and in order to maintain airtightness of the fluid within the rotary valve, the rotor and stationary plate must be brought into close contact with each other with great force. This complicates the design of the rotary valve, increases manufacturing costs, and increases concerns about fluid leakage.

Therefore, the inventors of the present invention conducted intensive research on the rotary valve in order to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks, and as a result, they arrived at the present invention.

That is, the present invention provides a rotary valve having a passage through which fluid passes, in which a passage switching rotor is rotatably placed between a plurality of fixed plates each having a part of the passage in the rotary valve. It is characterized by having been placed.

According to the present invention, since the rotor is provided between the two fixed plates, the plurality of concentric annular grooves that were conventionally provided on one contact surface between the rotor and the fixed plate are replaced with two contact surfaces. Can be divided.

For this reason, the number of concentric annular grooves installed on one contact surface is reduced, and the contact area is also reduced accordingly. The total pressure applied can be significantly reduced. Also,
The pressure to be applied from the outside is approximately equal to the pressure of the fluid in the annular groove.
Since the value is the pressure multiplied by the contact area, the number of annular grooves is %
If the diameter of the rotor is reduced to %, the total pressure can be kept at the conventional value of C, which greatly simplifies the design of the rotary valve. Furthermore, concerns about fluid leakage within the rotary valve can be eliminated.

Although the material of the rotary valve according to the present invention is not limited to the present invention, it is preferable that the rotor itself or the contact surface of the rotor be made of a material that has self-lubricating properties. Suitable materials include, for example, Teflon, Teflon-impregnated glass cotton, fluorinated graphite, polyacetal resin, polyamideimide resin, or even nylon or polyester resin. Furthermore, the rotor and/or stationary plate may be made of ceramics.

The present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to FIGS. 3 to 7.

Of course, the present invention is not limited to this.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the rotary valve of the present invention cut along the rotation axis, FIG. 4 is a Y-Y arrow view in FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is a Z-Z arrow view in FIG. 3. Figure 6 is a Y"-Y' arrow view in Figure 3, and Figure 7 is a z'-z view in Figure 3.
The valve 100 has a rotor 40 inside its outer shell 90. A first fixed platen 41 and a second fixed platen 42 are provided. The rotor 40 is located between a first fixed plate 41 and a second fixed plate 42, and is rotated by a fixed angle intermittently at fixed intervals by a rotating shaft 39. A coiled spring 91 is installed between the plate 42 and the outer shell 90.
is provided substantially concentrically with the rotating shaft 39 to press the rotor 40 and the second stationary plate 42 toward the first stationary plate 41 to prevent fluid from leaking from these contact surfaces. There is. Furthermore, the second stationary platen 42 is provided with a through hole 92 through which the rotating shaft 69 passes.

Annular grooves 50 and 51 are provided concentrically with the rotating shaft 39 on the end surface 40a of the rotor 40 (the end surface that contacts the end surface 41a of the first stationary platen 41), and an opening communicating with the inner annular groove 50 is provided. A section 60 is provided on the first fixed platen 41. At the end, the opening 61 communicating with the outer annular groove 51 is connected to the first fixed plate 41.
It is set up in Then, the opening 6. A supply pipe 28 for the o method and q cooking mixture is connected, and a raffinate extraction pipe 29 is connected to the opening 1.61.

Furthermore, the first fixed platen 41 has a plurality of (eight in the illustrated case) apertures 70 to 7 located outside the annular groove 51.
7 will be provided. These openings 7° to 77 are the rotating shaft 39
They are arranged at equal intervals on a concentric circle. and,
Opening part 70.7L72°73, 74.75.76, 77
Connecting pipes 18, 19, 20, 21° 22, 23, 24
．． 25 are connected to each other (see FIG. 4). Also, in the center of the first stationary platen 41, there is an opening 6 coaxially with the rotating shaft 39.
2 is provided, and an extract extraction pipe 27 is connected to the opening 62 of the .

On the other hand, the end surface 42a of the second fixed platen 42 (the rotor 40
An annular groove 52 is provided concentrically with the rotating shaft 69 (the surface that contacts the end surface 40b of the A desorbent supply pipe 26 communicates with the hole 78 through the outer shell 90 .

The rotor 40 is further provided with a plurality of communication holes.

That is, the rotor 40 has a U-shaped communication hole 8o that communicates the inner annular groove 50 with the opening 74 of the first stationary plate in the state shown in FIGS. 3 to 7; A U-shaped communication hole 82 (see FIG. 6) that communicates the openings 62 and 72 in the first stationary plate, and the outer annular groove 51 and the first
A U-shaped communication hole 8 that communicates with the opening 76 of the fixed platen.
1 (see Figure 6), the opening 70 of the first fixed plate and the second
A communication hole 85 is provided to communicate with the annular groove 52 provided in the fixed plate of the rotary valve 100.In the state shown in FIGS. It is formed. That is, (a) a passage A1 formed by the aperture 78 - the annular groove 52 through the continuous hole 85 - the aperture 70; and (b) a path B formed between the aperture 72 and the continuous through hole 82 - the aperture 62.

(e) Opening part 60-annular groove 50-? Communication hole 80 - Passage C3 by opening 74 (d) Passage by opening 76 through continuous hole 81 - annular groove 51 - opening 61.

are the four passages mentioned above.

Therefore, when the rotor 40 is rotated by 8 turns in the direction of the arrow (see FIGS. 1 and 3), the passages A, B, C,
D is switched respectively, and a new passage as shown below is formed.

(a) Aperture 78 - annular groove 52 series of passages 85 - passage by aperture 71, (tj5 aperture 73 series of passages 82 - passage by aperture 62, (c) aperture 6o - annular Groove 50 series through hole 80-
Passage by the aperture 75; (d) Passage by the aperture 77, continuous through hole 81, annular hole 51, and aperture 61;

Thereafter, in the same manner, when the rotor 4o is intermittently rotated nine times in the direction of the arrow, the passage in the rotary valve is switched each time, and the supply and withdrawal of fluid to and from the adsorption chambers 2 to 8 are sequentially transferred. Adsorption separation is carried out using a pseudo moving bed in which the adsorbent apparently moves upward while the fluid flows downward.

The annular groove may be formed on either the rotor or the stationary plate, or may extend over both.

Furthermore, a rotary valve as shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 55-972011 (related to the invention previously proposed by the present inventors)
It goes without saying that the present invention also includes these rotary valves.

As described above, the present invention has a rotor for switching passages rotatably provided between a plurality of fixed plates each having a portion of passages in a rotary valve. The resulting plurality of concentric annular grooves can be divided into two contact surfaces, making it possible to reduce the total pressure required to bring the rotor and stationary plate into close contact. Therefore, the rotary valve can be designed very easily, and concerns about fluid leakage within the valve can be eliminated. Additionally, the pressure on both sides of the rotor is balanced, making sealing easier.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an adsorption/removal device, Fig. 2 is a sectional view of a conventional rotary valve, Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the rotary valve of the present invention, N, and Fig. 4 is a sectional view of Y of Fig. 3. -Y arrow view 6, Figure 5 is a Z-2 arrow view in Figure 3, Figure 6 is a Y'-Y' arrow view 1 in Figure 3, and Figure 7 is a z' in Figure 3. -Z' arrow view. 40... Rotor, 41... First stationary plate, 42...
・Second fixed plate, A, B, C, D... passage. Agent: Patent Attorney Makoto Ogawa − Patent Attorney: Ken Noguchi Patent Attorney: Kazuhiko Saishita

Claims (1)

[Claims] A rotary valve having a passage through which fluid passes, characterized in that a rotor for passage switching is rotatably disposed between a plurality of fixed plates each having a part of the passage in the rotary valve. rotary valve.