JPH1183232A - Combined absorption refrigerating equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain combined refrigerating equipment exerting a high energy efficiency even when the temperature of a supplied cold heat source (evaporation temperature) is low and also to utilize effectively the surplus heat generated from a power generation system provided in refuse incineration facilities or the like. SOLUTION: A combined absorption refrigerating equipment which is constructed by combining a lithium bromide absorption type refrigerating machine 1 with an ammonia absorption type refrigerating machine 2 and wherein the cold heat generated by the former is used as a cooling source of an element of the latter to be cooled is provided. Besides, the combined absorption refrigerating equipment is combined with a steam generating boiler-turbine power generation system comprising 18, 20 and 21 and steam is used as a driving heat source of each refrigerating machine and further utilized for a power generation system which utilizes the surplus heat generated from refuse incineration facilities.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a combined absorption refrigeration system for generating refrigeration and cold required for cooling.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional example of a combined refrigerating apparatus, a combined refrigerating apparatus in which a vapor compression refrigerator and an ammonia absorption refrigerator are combined will be described. An example of this is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 2-302565, which is shown in FIG. A compressor 26 for compressing the refrigerant, a condenser 27 for condensing the compressed refrigerant, a vapor compression refrigerator 29 having an evaporator 28 for evaporating the condensed refrigerant to generate cold heat, and a generator 30 A condenser 31 for condensing the vapor, and an evaporator 3 for evaporating the liquid from the condenser 31
2, an ammonia absorption refrigerator 34 having an absorber 33 that absorbs the vapor from the evaporator 32 into the liquid and sends the low-concentration liquid to the generator 30;
The condenser 31 and the absorber 33 of the ammonia absorption refrigerator can be cooled by the cold heat 35 obtained by the evaporator 28 of 29, and the cooling heat from the evaporator 32 of the ammonia absorption refrigerator is obtained. And a cooling system path 36 for taking out to the outside.

[0003] In addition to an ammonia absorption refrigerator, a lithium bromide absorption refrigerator is used as an absorption refrigerator, and each of them has a characteristic in a use temperature range and the like, and is appropriately used.

In a power generation system including a steam generator boiler, a steam turbine, and a generator, there is no appropriate means for effectively utilizing the waste heat of the low-temperature steam discharged from the turbine outlet.

[0005]

In the conventional example, a motor using high-energy electricity is used to drive the compressor 26 of the vapor compression refrigerator 29, so that the energy efficiency is low. . Also, a steam generating boiler and a steam tar
In a power generation system consisting of a bottle and a generator,
There is no suitable means for effectively utilizing the waste heat of the low-temperature steam discharged from the turbine outlet, and there is a limit in improving energy efficiency.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a complex refrigeration system having high energy efficiency. It is intended to be applied in a targeted manner.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A combined absorption refrigeration apparatus according to the present invention is a combined absorption refrigeration apparatus combining a lithium bromide absorption refrigerator and an ammonia absorption refrigerator, and comprises a lithium bromide absorption refrigerator. A combined absorption refrigeration apparatus characterized in that it is arranged to cool an element to be cooled of an ammonia absorption refrigerator with generated cold heat.

Further, the combined absorption refrigeration system is combined with a power generation system including a steam generation boiler, a steam turbine, and a generator, and lithium bromide is used as part of low-temperature steam discharged from the steam turbine outlet. The combined absorption refrigeration apparatus is arranged such that the absorption chiller is driven and a part of the high-temperature steam supplied to the steam turbine inlet drives the ammonia absorption chiller.

The combined absorption refrigeration apparatus is combined with a power generation system including a boiler for generating steam by combustion heat generated from a refuse incinerator of a refuse incineration facility, a steam turbine, and a power generator.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The combined absorption refrigeration apparatus of the present invention combines a lithium bromide absorption refrigerator and an ammonia absorption refrigerator, and absorbs ammonia with cold generated by an evaporator of the lithium bromide absorption refrigerator. Cooled elements of the refrigerator (condenser and / or absorber)
This is a combined absorption refrigeration apparatus that is arranged in a configuration that cools and supplies cold heat from an ammonia absorption refrigerator to the outside.

That is, the lithium bromide absorption refrigerator uses water as a refrigerant and a lithium bromide solution as an absorbent. Here, the refrigerant cannot be cooled below 0 ° C. On the other hand, ammonia absorption refrigerators
Ammonia is used for the refrigerant and water is used for the absorbent.
Suitable for cooling at -60 ° C. Therefore, by using the cold generated by the evaporator of the lithium bromide absorption refrigerator to cool the condenser or absorber of the ammonia absorption refrigerator, it is not necessary to use another cooling device for cooling. Therefore, energy efficiency can be increased, and the temperature of a cold heat source supplied to the outside is low (0 to -60 ° C).
Even in such a case, it is possible to obtain a composite absorption refrigeration apparatus having high energy efficiency.

Further, the combined absorption refrigeration system according to the present invention provides a power generation system comprising a steam generation boiler, a steam turbine, and a generator, wherein a part of the low-temperature steam discharged from the steam turbine outlet is lithium. The combined absorption refrigeration apparatus, wherein the combined absorption refrigeration apparatus is arranged to drive a bromide absorption chiller and drive an ammonia absorption chiller with a portion of the high-temperature steam supplied to the steam turbine inlet. Depending on the type of steam tar
The low-temperature waste heat of the low-temperature steam discharged from the bottle outlet can be used.

Further, the combined absorption refrigeration apparatus of the present invention is combined with a power generation system including a boiler for generating steam by combustion heat generated from a refuse incinerator of a refuse incineration facility, a steam turbine, and a power generator. This is a combined absorption refrigeration system and is used for a power generation system that uses residual heat from a garbage incineration facility.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 shows an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to the use of residual heat in a garbage incineration plant, and FIG. 2 shows a detailed configuration of a lithium bromide absorption refrigerator and an ammonia absorption refrigerator therein. I do.

The lithium bromide absorption refrigerator 1 is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5, the generator 3 includes a generator 4, a condenser 4, an evaporator 5, an absorber 6, and a cooling tower 7. A driving heat source 8 is supplied to the generator 3, and cold heat 9 is obtained from the evaporator 5 to obtain ammonia. It is supplied to the absorber 13 of the absorption refrigerator 2. As shown in FIG. 2, the ammonia absorption refrigerator 2 includes a generator 10, a condenser 11,
Evaporator 12, absorber 13, cooling tower 14, generator
The driving heat source 15 is supplied to 10, and the cold heat 9 is supplied to the absorber 13 from the evaporator 5 of the lithium bromide absorption refrigerator 1,
Cold heat 16 is obtained from the evaporator 12.

As shown in FIG. 1, the garbage incineration facility includes a garbage incinerator 17, a boiler 18, a chimney 19, a steam turbine 20, a generator.
21, an air-cooled condenser 22, a condensate tank 23, a lithium bromide absorption refrigerator 1, and an ammonia absorption refrigerator 2.

In the lithium bromide absorption refrigerator 1,
The solution (diluted solution) that has absorbed lithium bromide vapor in the absorber 6 flows into the generator 3 and is heated by the driving heat source (steam) 8 in the generator 3 to generate lithium bromide vapor. A part of the low-temperature steam 25 at the outlet of the steam turbine 20 is supplied to the driving heat source 8 supplied to the generator 3.
The vapor is cooled by the cooling water supplied from the cooling tower 7 in the condenser 4 to become a liquid, and the liquid is sent to the evaporator 5. Evaporator 5
Cold water (about 12 ° C.) passes through the inside, and the liquid is heated and evaporated by the cold water. The heat of evaporation at this time is cold 9
(Cold water of about 7 ° C) as an ammonia absorption refrigerator 2
Is supplied to the absorber 13. On the other hand, the concentrated solution that has released the vapor in the generator 3 flows into the absorber 6, absorbs the lithium bromide vapor from the evaporator 5, and is sent to the generator 3 again.

In the ammonia absorption refrigerator 2, the absorber 13
The solution having absorbed the lithium bromide vapor flows into the generator 10 and is heated by the driving heat source 15 in the generator 10 to generate ammonia vapor. The vapor is cooled by the cooling water supplied from the cooling tower 14 in the condenser 11 to become a liquid, and the liquid is evaporated in the evaporator.
Evaporate at 12. The heat of evaporation at this time is supplied as the cold heat 16 to the outside as the cold heat source 8 (about −20 ° C.). On the other hand, the solution from which ammonia vapor has been
13 and absorbs ammonia vapor from the evaporator 12,
It is sent to the generator 10 again. The driving heat source 15 supplied to the generator 10 is supplied with a part of the high-temperature steam 24 at the inlet of the steam turbine 20.

Steam is generated in the boiler 18 by the high-temperature combustion gas generated in the refuse incinerator 17, and power is generated in the steam turbine 20 and the generator 21. The combustion gases are released via a chimney 19. The steam discharged from the steam turbine 20 is an air-cooled condenser.
Cooled at 22 and recycled through a condensate tank 23. A part of the low-temperature steam 25 at the outlet of the steam turbine 20 is used as the drive heat source 8 of the lithium bromide absorption refrigerator 1, and
A part of the high-temperature steam 24 at the inlet of the bottle 20 is used as the driving heat source 15 of the ammonia absorption refrigerator 2. Cold heat 16 is obtained from the ammonia absorption refrigerator 2 and supplied as a cold heat source to the outside.

In the present embodiment, the cold 9 generated by the lithium bromide absorption refrigerator 1 is used as a cooling source for the absorber 13 of the ammonia absorption refrigerator 2, but other cooling target of the ammonia absorption refrigerator 2 is used. It may be used as a cooling source of the element, that is, the condenser 11, or may be used as a cooling source of both the absorber 13 and the condenser 11. Further, a back pressure turbine or a condensate turbine is used as a turbine used in the power generation system.

[0021]

In the combined absorption refrigeration method according to the present invention, in order to cool the element to be cooled (either the condenser or the absorber) of the ammonia absorption refrigerator, no other cooling device is used. By cooling with the cold generated by the evaporator of the lithium bromide absorption refrigerator, the energy efficiency can be increased, and even when the temperature of the cold source supplied to the outside is low (0 to -60 ° C), the energy can be reduced. A highly efficient combined absorption refrigeration apparatus can be obtained.

Further, in a power generation system including a steam generation boiler, a steam turbine, and a power generator, low-temperature waste heat that has not been conventionally used can be used by a lithium bromide absorption refrigerator. In addition, by using the power generation system using the combined absorption refrigerator as a power generation system utilizing waste heat in a garbage incineration facility, energy can be efficiently used. For example, the thermal conversion efficiency (the amount of cold generated per unit of generated heat) of the present invention is calculated with respect to the generated thermal energy (primary energy) of a refuse incineration plant in comparison with a conventional refrigerator. It can be seen that the cooling / heat conversion efficiency of the present invention is 0.38, whereas that of the ammonia absorption refrigerator alone is 0.41, whereas the combined refrigerator of the present invention is 0.54, which is high.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a combined absorption refrigeration system for a refuse incineration facility according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a combined absorption refrigeration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a conventional combined refrigeration apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Lithium bromide absorption refrigerator, 2 ... Ammonia absorption refrigerator, 3 ... Generator, 4 ... Condenser, 5 ... Evaporator,
6 absorber, 7 cooling tower, 8 drive heat source, 9 cold heat, 10
... generator, 11 ... condenser, 12 ... evaporator, 13 ... absorber, 14 ...
Cooling tower, 15: Drive heat source, 16: Cold heat, 17: Garbage incinerator, 18
... boiler, 19 ... chimney, 20 ... steam turbine, 21 ... generator,
22 ... air-cooled condenser, 23 ... condensate tank, 24 ... high temperature steam,
25… Low temperature steam, 26… Compressor, 27… Condenser, 28… Evaporator,
29… vapor compression refrigerator, 30… generator, 31… condenser, 32…
Evaporator, 33 ... Absorber, 34 ... Absorption refrigerator, 35 ... Cold, 36
… Cooling system

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A combined absorption refrigerating apparatus combining a lithium bromide absorption refrigerator and an ammonia absorption refrigerator, wherein a cooled element generated by the lithium bromide absorption refrigerator is used to cool the ammonia absorption refrigerator. A combined absorption refrigeration apparatus, wherein the combined absorption refrigeration apparatus is disposed in a configuration for cooling the chiller. 2. The combined absorption refrigeration apparatus according to claim 1 is combined with a power generation system including a steam generation boiler, a steam turbine, and a power generator, so that one of the low-temperature steam discharged from the steam turbine outlet is removed. A composite absorption refrigeration apparatus characterized in that a lithium bromide absorption refrigeration unit is driven in a section and an ammonia absorption refrigeration unit is driven by a part of high-temperature steam supplied to a steam turbine inlet. 3. The combined absorption refrigeration apparatus according to claim 2, wherein said combined absorption refrigeration apparatus is combined with a power generation system comprising a boiler for generating steam by combustion heat generated from a refuse incinerator of a refuse incineration facility, a steam turbine, and a power generator.