JPH11200888A - Fuel cell type turbine engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To largely improve energy efficiency by providing a fuel cell to generate electric power by electrochemical reaction of hydrogen or carbon monoxide and oxygen, driving a turbine by a motor by using this fuel cell as a power source, and supplying steam generated at power generation time of the fuel cell to the turbine. SOLUTION: A fuel cell 10 generates electric power by electrochemical reaction of hydrogen in fossil fuel 19 and oxygen in compressed air 17 by supplying the fossil fuel 19 and the compressed air 17 by compressing core air 18 by a compressor 7 to this, but high temperature/high pressure steam of 600 deg.C to 1000 deg.C is generated in a fuel side electrode 14 at this time. A fan 5 and the compressor 7 are respectively actuated by driving an electric motor 3 by electricity generated there. The compressor 7 arranged in a coaxial shape with a high pressure turbine 6 is driven together with the electric motor 3 by driving the high pressure turbine 6 in rotation by steam generated by the fuel side electrode 14. A low pressure steam turbine 4 is driven by steam coming out of the high pressure turbine 6.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a turbofan engine, a turboprop engine, a turboshaft engine, an auxiliary power unit, an industrial turbine engine for mechanical drive or power generation, or a marine turbine engine for an aircraft. The present invention relates to a fuel cell type turbine engine driven by a fuel cell that generates power by an electrochemical reaction between hydrogen or carbon monoxide and oxygen.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 12 is a sectional view showing a conventional gas turbine turbofan engine for an aircraft. As shown in the figure, a conventional gas turbine type turbofan engine (hereinafter simply referred to as a turbofan engine) 86 burns fossil fuel such as gasoline injected into a combustor 87,
The high-temperature, high-pressure combustion gas is introduced into the low-pressure turbine 92 after driving the high-pressure turbine 88 to rotate. After driving the low-pressure turbine 92, the combustion gas is discharged to the outside air as exhaust gas 91 to generate propulsion. Like that.

[0003] The energy of the combustion gas absorbed by the high-pressure turbine 88, that is, the driving force, is high.
The compressor 89, which is provided coaxially with the above, is driven to rotate, compresses the core air 90 flowing into the turbofan engine 86, and is sent to the combustion chamber 87 as an oxidant for burning fossil fuel. On the other hand, the compressor 89 and the high-pressure turbine 88
A high-pressure turbine 8 is inserted through the inside of a rotating shaft provided with a high-pressure turbine 8 so as to rotate independently of the rotating shaft.
A low-pressure turbine 92 is provided, which operates by introducing the combustion gas after driving the turbine 8 and generates thrust. The driving force of the low-pressure turbine 92 is provided at the front end of the turbofan engine 86 via an internal shaft. , A fan 93 that generates thrust and supplies core air to the compressor 89
Activate

FIG. 13 is a sectional view showing a conventional gas turbine type turboprop engine (hereinafter, referred to as a turboprop engine) 94 for an aircraft. The turboprop engine 94 also includes a turbofan engine 86.
The combustion gas combusted in the combustor 95 having the same configuration as that of the combustor 87 is driven to rotate the turbine 96 to generate a thrust, and then is discharged as the exhaust gas 110 to the outside air. The driving force absorbed by the turbine 96 drives a compressor 97 provided coaxially with the turbine 96 to rotate and compress core air 98 flowing into the turboprop engine 94.

On the other hand, in front of the compressor 97, the compressor 97
And a propeller 99 is rotated through a gear device provided at the end of the rotating shaft to generate thrust and to flow core air 98 into a compressor 97 in a turboprop engine 94. I try to make it.

FIG. 14 is a sectional view showing a conventional gas turbine type turboshaft engine 100 for a helicopter (hereinafter referred to as a turboshaft engine). Also in the turboshaft engine 100, the combustor 1 having the same configuration as the combustors 87 and 95 shown in FIGS.
The combustion gas burned at 01 is supplied to a turbine 102 and an output turbine 10 provided on the downstream side of the turbine 102.
After being driven to rotate, 3 is discharged to the outside air as exhaust gas 104.

The driving force absorbed by the turbine 102 drives a compressor 105 provided coaxially with the turbine 102 to rotate, and compresses core air 106 flowing into the turboshaft engine 100. On the other hand, the output turbine 10 operated by the combustion gas after driving the turbine 102
The driving force absorbed by the driving shaft 3 drives the output shaft 106 to rotate, and the rotating shaft 10 connected to the output shaft 106 by a bevel gear.
8 to rotate the rotor 107 connected to the upper end of the rotating shaft 108 to generate a levitation force and a propulsion force.

However, as in the case of the turbofan engine 86, the turboprop engine 94, or the turboshaft engine 100, the combustors 87, 95,
A conventional gas turbine engine in which fossil fuel and compressed air from the compressors 89, 97, and 105 are supplied into the inside 101 to generate a driving force by burning combustion gas is used. Since the driving force is generated by the reactive combustion, there are the following problems.

(1) Exhaust gas 91, 1 discharged to the outside air
04, 110 is rich in nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxide, and the operation of these engines causes air pollution.

(2) Among the energies possessed by fossil fuels such as gasoline, the efficiency used as a driving force (hereinafter referred to as energy efficiency) is as low as about 30 to 40%, and is not effectively used.

In recent years, hydrogen or hydrogen contained in fossil fuels and oxygen or oxygen in the air are electrochemically reacted to generate power, thereby eliminating the emission of harmful substances such as nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxide accompanying the power generation. 2. Description of the Related Art Fuel cells have been developed which are capable of significantly improving energy efficiency as compared with a conventional engine without causing or at least reducing air pollution.

However, such a fuel cell is incorporated in a gas turbine engine body for driving an aircraft, a ship, a vehicle, an industrial machine, a generator, etc., including a rotary wing machine, and is compressed by a compressor provided in the gas turbine engine. Utilizing the generation of air to improve efficiency, the steam generated by the fuel cell power generation drives the turbine,
A fuel cell gas turbine engine capable of recovering steam energy and further improving energy efficiency has not been realized so far.

[0013]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of a gas turbine engine conventionally used for aircraft or the like without discharging harmful waste causing air pollution. In addition to driving a turbofan engine, turboprop engine, turboshaft engine, etc. for aircraft with a fuel cell, the steam generated at the time of power generation of the fuel cell is also used as a driving force, further driving the energy held by the fuel An object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell type turbine engine that can maximize the energy efficiency by maximizing its use as power.

[0014]

For this reason, the fuel cell type turbine engine of the present invention has the following means.

(1) A fuel cell for generating power by an electrochemical reaction between hydrogen in fossil fuel or hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and oxygen in air is provided. Note that hydrogen, oxygen, and the like supplied to generate power by an electrochemical reaction may be extracted from fossil fuel or air, or may be purified and have high purity.

(2) A motor for generating a driving force is provided on a driving shaft using electric power generated by the fuel cell as a power source. It is preferable that the output shaft of the motor be a drive shaft, and that the drive shaft not have a drive force transmission mechanism between the motor and the drive shaft.

(3) A turbine is provided on a drive shaft that generates a driving force by a motor. (4) The steam generated at the time of power generation by the fuel cell is supplied to a turbine provided on a drive shaft to generate a driving force, and the drive shaft is operated not only by the driving force of the motor but also by the driving force of the turbine. Steam supply means.

The fuel cell type turbine engine of the present invention comprises:
The following means are provided in addition to the means (1) to (4) described above.

(5) A compressor for generating compressed air to be supplied to the air electrode of the fuel cell is provided on a drive shaft driven by a motor and a turbine installed in the fuel cell type turbine engine.

[0020]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a fuel cell and a fuel cell type turbine engine according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a fuel cell type turbofan engine (hereinafter simply referred to as a turbofan engine) as a first embodiment of the fuel cell type turbine engine of the present invention.

As shown in the figure, the turbofan engine 1 of the present embodiment comprises a fuel cell 10, an electric motor 3, a low-pressure turbine 4, a fan 5, a high-pressure turbine 6, and a compressor 7. The high-pressure turbine 6 and the compressor 7 are connected concentrically by a high-pressure shaft 8, and the low-pressure turbine 4 and the fan 5 are connected along the axis of the high-pressure shaft 8.
The low pressure shaft 9 is provided so as to penetrate through a hole formed therein, and rotates independently of the high pressure shaft 8.

The fuel cell 10 is disposed at substantially the same position as the position where the conventional combustor 87 and the like are disposed.
Electric power is generated by an electrochemical reaction between fossil fuel supplied by fuel supply means (not shown) on the side and oxygen in (compressed) air supplied by air supply means on the air side electrode 12 side. The electric motor 3 driven by the electric power generated by the fuel cell 10 is incorporated in each of the low-pressure shaft 9 and the high-pressure shaft 8. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the fuel cell 10 used in the turbofan engine 1 according to the present embodiment has an electrolyte-containing ceramic tube 1 arranged concentrically.
1, an air-side electrode 12, a porous ceramic tube 13, a fuel-side electrode 14, and an intermediate terminal 15.

In the turbofan engine 1 configured as described above, the fuel cell 10 is supplied with the fossil fuel 19 and the compressed air 17 in which the core air 18 is compressed by the compressor 7, and internally the fossil fuel 19. Electric power is generated by an electrochemical reaction between hydrogen in the air and oxygen in the compressed air 17, and high-temperature and high-pressure steam of 600 ° C. to 1000 ° C. is generated on the fuel electrode 14. The electric motor 3 is operated by the generated electricity, and the low-pressure shaft 9 and the high-pressure shaft 8 in which the electric motor 3 is incorporated are respectively driven to rotate, and the fan 5 and the compressor 7 are operated.

As described later, some fuel cells 10 generate power by an electrochemical reaction between hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the fossil fuel 19 and oxygen in the compressed air 17. For simplicity, in the description of each embodiment of the fuel cell type turbine engine, the power generation in the fuel cell 10 will be described as being generated by an electrochemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen.

On the other hand, the high-temperature and high-pressure steam generated at the fuel electrode 14 drives the high-pressure turbine 6 to rotate, and drives the compressor 7 provided on the high-pressure shaft 8 coaxially with the high-pressure turbine 6 together with the electric motor 3. . Further, the steam discharged from the high-pressure turbine 6 and having remaining energy is further rotated and driven using the low-pressure turbine 4 as a steam turbine.
The exhaust gas 22 is released to the outside air. Low pressure turbine 4
Is driven coaxially with the low-pressure turbine 4 by the low-pressure shaft 9, rotates the fan 5 disposed at the tip of the turbofan engine 1, compresses the engine inflow air 20,
The bypass air 21 which is ejected rearward to generate a thrust and the core air 18 introduced into the compressor 7 described above are generated.

Next, by driving the high-pressure shaft 8, the compressor 7 as compressed air supply means rotates, the core air 18 is compressed, and the oxygen in the compressed air 17 introduced into the porous ceramic tube 13 is reduced. A supplementary description will be given of power generation by an electrochemical reaction with hydrogen in the fossil fuel 19 introduced around the fuel-side electrode 14 by the fuel supply means.

At the fuel-side electrode 14, hydrogen in the fossil fuel 19 reacts with oxide ions generated at the air-side electrode 12 and passing through the electrolyte-containing ceramic tube 11 to generate electrons. A current 16 flowing from 12 to the fuel electrode 14 is generated. That is, in the air-side electrode 12, oxygen that has passed through the porous ceramic tube 13 is combined with electrons generated by the fuel-side electrode 14 and flowing to the air-side electrode 12 to generate oxide ions. The oxide ions pass through the electrolyte-containing ceramic tube 11 and move to the fuel-side electrode 14, react with hydrogen to generate electrons, and generate a potential difference between the air-side electrode 12 and the fuel-side electrode 14. As a result, a current 16 flowing from the air side electrode 12 to the fuel side electrode 14 is generated.

The (fuel cell type) turbofan engine 1 of the present embodiment has the following technical features because it has the above-described configuration.

(1) The driving of the turbine engine 1 is driven by the fuel cell 10 that generates electric power by an electrochemical reaction from the combustion energy by the chemical reaction of the fossil fuel 19, so that the combustion process is eliminated and the nitrogen oxidation accompanying the combustion is eliminated. No matter is generated, and the amount of generated carbon dioxide can be reduced.

(2) The fuel cell 10 can be reduced in weight and size by being incorporated in a portion where the conventional combustor 87 is installed.

(3) Further, by absorbing and using the energy of the steam generated by the fuel cell 10 in the turbine, a combined cycle can be realized. As shown in FIG. 3, the combustion energy by the chemical reaction is used. The power generation efficiency can be improved as compared with the generated power generation.

(4) Further, since the turbo engine 1 is driven by the electric motor 3, the turbo engine 1 can be operated at a rated value, thereby achieving low fuel consumption and, as shown in FIG. Efficiency due to load can also be improved.

(5) The air supplied to the fuel cell 10 is the compressed air 17 generated by the compressor 7,
Power generation efficiency can be improved.

(6) The electric motor 3 can be used as an engine starter required for the turbo engine 1.

(7) Further, since the forward and reverse rotation can be performed only by switching the electric circuit, the reverse rotation of the electric motor 10 allows the fan 5 to be easily reversely rotated. It can also be used as a thrust reverse.

FIG. 5 shows a fuel cell type turboprop engine according to a second embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as a turboprop engine).
FIG.

As shown in the figure, the turboprop engine 25 of the present embodiment has the same configuration as that shown in the first embodiment, and similarly generates electric power by an electrochemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen. Fuel cell 10 and electric motor 3
3. It comprises an output turbine 26, a compressor 27 and a propeller 28. The output turbine 26 and the compressor 27 are connected by a shaft 29, and the electric motor 3 is incorporated in the shaft 29.

As in the first embodiment, the fuel cell 3 is supplied with a fossil fuel 19 and compressed air 17, and internally generates electricity by an electrochemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen.
High-temperature, high-pressure steam at 600 ° C to 1000 ° C is generated.
The electric motor 3 operates by the generated electricity, and the shaft 29 is rotationally driven to operate the compressor 27. The high-temperature and high-pressure steam generated in the fuel cell 3 is driven to rotate as an output turbine 26 as a steam turbine, rotates a shaft 29, and is then discharged to the outside air as exhaust gas 30.

The compressor 27 is operated by the rotational drive of the shaft 29, compresses the core air 31 flowing from the suction port of the compressor 27, introduces it into the fuel cell 10, and rotates the compressor 27 at the front end side. A shaft 32 is provided coaxially with the compressor 27, and the propeller 28 is rotated by a gear device provided at the tip of the rotating shaft 32, and the core air 31 described above is rotated.
Generate a flow of

Further, the rotation of the propeller 28
3 to generate a propulsion force on the aircraft equipped with the turboprop engine 25.

Since the (fuel cell type) turboprop engine 25 of the present embodiment is configured as described above, the turbofan engine 1 of the first embodiment described above is used.
Has the same technical features as (1) to (7) described above.

FIG. 6 shows a fuel cell type turbine engine according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG.

As shown in the figure, the turboshaft engine 35 of the present embodiment has the same configuration as that shown in the first embodiment, and the fuel cell 10 and the electric motor 36, which similarly generate electric power, The output turbine 37, an output shaft 40 for transmitting the driving force from the output turbine 37 to a rotor shaft 39 provided with a rotor 38 at an upper end portion by a bevel gear, and an upstream side of the output turbine 37, which are disposed separately from the output turbine 37. A gas generator turbine 41 and a compressor 42. Gas generator turbine 41 and compressor 4
2 is connected by a shaft 43, and the shaft 43 incorporates an electric motor 36.

The turboshaft engine 3 of the present embodiment
5 sucks core air 44 flowing in from the front, compresses the compressed air by the compressor 42, supplies the compressed air 17 shown in FIG. 2 to the fuel cell 10, and supplies the fossil fuel 19 to the fuel cell 10. With the power generated by the electrochemical reaction and the steam generated on the fuel-side electrode 14 at the time of power generation, the gas generator turbine 41 is operated to operate the compressor 42,
The steam discharged from the gas generation turbine 41 further operates the output turbine 37 to rotationally drive the rotor 38. Therefore, the above-described (1) to (1) of the turbofan engine 1 according to the first embodiment described above. It has the same technical features as 6).

Next, FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a fuel cell type auxiliary power unit (hereinafter referred to as an auxiliary power unit) as a fourth embodiment of the fuel cell type turbine engine of the present invention.

As shown in the figure, the auxiliary power unit 45 of the present embodiment has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, and the fuel cell 10 and the electric motor 46, which similarly generate electric power, Output turbine 47, compressor 48, output shaft 49
Consists of The output turbine 47 and the compressor 48 are
They are connected by a shaft 50. The electric motor 46 is incorporated in the shaft 50.

The fuel cell 10 is supplied with the fossil fuel 19 and the core air 51 and generates power by an electrochemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen inside the fuel cell 10.
High temperature and high pressure steam is generated. The electric motor 46 is operated by the generated electricity, and the shaft 50 is driven to rotate. The high-temperature and high-pressure steam generated in the fuel-side electrode 14 rotates the output turbine 47 as a steam turbine and rotates the shaft 50.
Is rotated and then released as exhaust gas 51 '. The drive of the shaft 50 causes the compressor 48 to rotate, compress the core air 51 and be introduced into the fuel cell 10 together with the fossil fuel 19.

As described above, in the auxiliary power unit 45 of the present embodiment, the core air 51 flowing from the front is sucked, compressed and supplied to the fuel cell 10 as compressed air 17, and the fossil fuel 19 is supplied to the fuel cell 10. 10, the power generated by an electrochemical reaction between oxygen in the compressed air 17 in the fuel cell 10 and hydrogen in the fossil fuel 19, and the output turbine 47 generated by steam generated in the fuel-side electrode 14 during power generation. Since the compressor 42 is operated by the operating force and the driving force is output from the output shaft 49 coaxially connected to the tip of the compressor 48, the turbo fan engine according to the first embodiment described above. 1 (1)-
It has the same technical features as (6).

FIG. 8 shows a fuel cell type turbine engine according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a marine turbine engine (hereinafter, referred to as a marine turbine engine).

As shown in the figure, the marine turbine engine 52 of this embodiment has the same configuration as that shown in the first embodiment, generates power similarly, and generates fuel for generating steam during power generation. It comprises a battery 10, an electric motor 53 operated by electric power generated by the fuel cell 10, a gas generator turbine 54, a compressor 55, and a shaft 56 connecting the compressor 55 and the gas generator turbine 54. Also, the shaft 56
Incorporates an electric motor 53.

Further, on the downstream side of the gas generator turbine 54, a steam for driving the gas generator turbine 54 is introduced, and an output turbine 57 which operates independently of the gas generator turbine 54 is provided. Turbine 5
Reference numeral 7 is such that a driving force generated by steam is transmitted to a rear propeller or the like (not shown) by a driving shaft 58 coaxially connected to the rear of the output turbine 57.

Further, the compressed air 1 obtained by compressing the core air 58 by the compressor 55 together with the fossil fuel 19 is supplied to the fuel cell 10.
7 is supplied therein, and by the electrochemical reaction between hydrogen in the fossil fuel 19 and oxygen in the compressed air 17, power is generated and high-temperature and high-pressure steam at 600 to 1000 ° C. is generated. The electric motor 53 operates by the generated electricity, and the shaft 56 is driven to rotate. On the other hand, the high-temperature and high-pressure steam generated in the fuel cell 10 rotates the gas generation turbine 54 as a steam turbine, rotates the compressor 55 by rotation of the shaft 56, compresses the core air 59, and
0 is introduced.

Further, the gas generator turbine 54 is driven to rotate, and the steam having the remaining energy is introduced into the output turbine 57, and the drive shaft 58 is driven to rotate and propelled to a propeller or the like provided at the rear end of the drive shaft 58. After generating the force,
It is released to the outside as exhaust gas 60.

As described above, the marine turbine engine 52 of the present embodiment draws the core air 59 flowing from the front, compresses the core air 59 and supplies it to the fuel cell 10 as compressed air 17, and also supplies the fossil fuel 19 to the fuel cell 10. The power generated by the electrochemical reaction supplied to the fuel cell 10 and the steam generated on the fuel-side electrode 14 during power generation actuate the gas generator turbine 54 to operate the compressor 55 and discharge from the gas generator turbine 54. The output turbine 57 is operated by the steam generated, and the power unit provided at the rear end of the drive shaft 58 such as a propeller is rotationally driven by the drive shaft 58. Therefore, the turbocharger according to the first embodiment described above is used. The fan engine 1 has the same technical features as (1) to (7) described above.

Next, FIG. 9 shows the fuel cell shown in FIG. 2 for driving the above-mentioned (fuel cell type) turbofan engine 1, turboprop engine 25, turboshaft engine 35, auxiliary power unit 45 and marine turbine engine 52. FIG. 13 is a sectional view showing details of a fuel cell as a sixth embodiment of the present invention, which drives these turbo engines instead of 10.

In the fuel cell 61 of this embodiment, the fuel-side electrode 62 and the air-side electrode 63
Can be installed with the The fuel side electrode 62 and the air side electrode 63 are connected by an electric motor 65 and an electric wiring 66.

In the fuel cell 61 of this embodiment, purified hydrogen 67 is supplied to the fuel electrode 62 from a hydrogen cylinder or the like instead of the fossil fuel 19 shown in FIG. Further, compressed air 68 from the compressor 7 or the like is supplied to the air-side electrode 63, similarly to the fuel cell 10 shown in FIG.

In the fuel cell 61 configured as described above,
At the fuel-side electrode 62, the supplied hydrogen 67 reacts with the oxide ions 69 generated at the air-side electrode 63 to generate electrons 70 and vapor 71. In the air-side electrode 63, oxygen in the compressed air 68 and the electrons 70 generated in the fuel-side electrode 62 and transmitted to the air-side electrode 63 are combined to generate oxide ions 69, as described above. The oxide ions 69 pass through the electrolyte-containing ceramics 65 and are transmitted to the fuel-side electrode 62, and generate electrons 70 and vapor 71 at the fuel-side electrode 62 as described above.

On the other hand, the compressed air 68 whose oxygen content has been reduced by the generation of the oxide ions 69 is discharged from the fuel cell 61 as the exhaust gas 72.

The reaction equation of the fuel cell 61 according to the present embodiment is shown in Equation 1.

[0061]

(Equation 1)

In the fuel cell 61 of the present embodiment, (1) Since hydrogen is used instead of the fossil fuel 69 as the fuel supplied to the fuel-side electrode 62, it is not necessary to reform the fuel. The structure can be simplified.

(2) Since the supply air supplied to the air-side electrode 63 is supplied by the compressed air 68 compressed by the compressor 7 or the like, the power generation efficiency can be improved.

Next, FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing details of a fuel cell according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

The fuel cell 73 of this embodiment has a fuel electrode 62 and an air electrode 6 similar to the fuel cell 61 shown in FIG.
3 is attached with the electrolyte-containing ceramics 64 interposed therebetween, and compressed air 68 from the compressor 7 and the like is supplied to the air-side electrode 63 as in the fuel cell 10 shown in FIG.

On the other hand, on the fuel-side electrode 62 supply side of the fossil fuel 74, a reforming chamber 76 as a reaction chamber is provided via a porous partition wall 75. The fossil fuel 69 is supplied to the fuel-side electrode 62 of the fuel cell 73 having the above-described configuration through the reforming chamber 76 and the porous chamber partition 75. In this case, a part of the steam 71 generated at the fuel electrode 63 along with the power generation in the fuel cell 73 passes through the porous partition wall 75, enters the reforming chamber 76 as a reaction chamber, and is reformed by the fuel supply means. It reacts with the gaseous fossil fuel 74 supplied into the chamber 76 to generate hydrogen 67 and carbon monoxide.

This mixed gas 77 of hydrogen and carbon monoxide is
It is introduced into the fuel-side electrode 62 through the porous partition 75,
At the fuel-side electrode 62, it reacts with the oxide ions 69 generated at the air-side electrode 63 to generate electrons 70, steam 71, and carbon dioxide. As described above, part of the steam 71 is supplied to the reforming chamber. The fuel gas 73 is discharged into the fuel cell 73 while being introduced into the gas 76 and used for the reaction with the fossil fuel 74, and the remaining steam 71 becomes an exhaust gas 78 mixed with carbon dioxide.
Drive the turbine as described above.

On the other hand, the compressed air 68 supplied to the air side electrode 63 is formed by the oxygen in the compressed air 68 at the air side electrode 63 and the electrons 70 generated at the fuel side electrode 62 and transmitted to the air side electrode 63. Together, they generate oxide ions 69, which are transmitted to the fuel-side electrode 62 through the electrolyte-containing ceramics 65 disposed between the fuel-side electrode 62 and the air-side electrode 63, thereby generating electrons 70 and vapor 71. I do.

At the air-side electrode 63, oxygen in the air is combined with the electrons 70 to generate oxide ions 69, and the air having a reduced oxygen component is discharged from the fuel cell 79 as an exhaust gas 72, The fuel cell type turbine engine is driven in the same manner as the exhaust gas 78 in which carbon dioxide and carbon dioxide are mixed.

As described above, the fuel cell 73 according to the present embodiment
Then, (1) By incorporating the reforming chamber 76 into the fuel-side electrode 62,
Since the fossil fuel 74 can be used as the fuel for the fuel cell 73 and a reforming chamber for separating the fossil fuel 74 into hydrogen 67 and carbon monoxide is provided in the fuel cell 73, the reformer is used. The structure can be simplified as compared with a fuel cell provided separately.

(2) Since the supply air supplied to the air-side electrode 63 is supplied by the compressed air 68 compressed by the compressor 7 or the like, the power generation efficiency can be improved.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing details of a fuel cell according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

The fuel cell 79 of this embodiment is similar to the fuel cells 61 and 73 shown in FIGS.
2 and the air-side electrode 63 are attached with the electrolyte-containing ceramic 64 interposed therebetween, and the compressed air 68 from the compressor 7 and the like is supplied to the air-side electrode 63 similarly to the fuel cell 10 shown in FIG. I have to.

On the other hand, on the fuel-side electrode 62 supply side of the fuel-side electrode 62, a reforming chamber 80 as a reaction chamber is provided so as to make full contact with the fuel-side electrode 62. in this way,
The reforming chamber 80 is provided on the entire surface of the fuel cell 79 on the side of the fuel electrode 62.
When the fossil fuel 74 is supplied to the fuel, the vapor 7 generated at the fuel-side electrode 62 by the reaction between the oxide ions 69 and the fossil fuel 74.
1 enters the reforming chamber 80 and reacts with the introduced fossil fuel 74 to produce hydrogen 67 and carbon monoxide. The generated mixed gas 77 of hydrogen 67 and carbon monoxide is generated at the fuel-side electrode 62 at the air-side electrode 63, passes through the electrolyte-containing ceramic 64, and reaches the fuel-side electrode 62. It reacts with 69 to generate electrons 70, vapor 71 and carbon dioxide.

The steam 71 not used for the reaction with the fossil fuel 74 becomes an exhaust gas 78 mixed with the carbon dioxide generated at the fuel-side electrode 62, and is discharged from the fuel cell 79. To drive the turbine.

On the other hand, the compressed air 68 supplied to the air-side electrode 63 is mixed with oxygen in the compressed air 68 by the air-side electrode 63.
Electrons 70 generated at the fuel-side electrode 62 and transmitted to the air-side electrode 63 combine to generate oxide ions 69, and an electrolyte-containing ceramic 65 disposed between the fuel-side electrode 62 and the air-side electrode 63. The gas is transmitted to the fuel-side electrode 62 to generate electrons 70 and vapor 71.

In the air-side electrode 63, oxygen ions in the air are combined with the electrons 70 to generate oxide ions 69.
The air having a reduced oxygen content is discharged from the fuel cell 79 as the exhaust gas 72, and drives the fuel cell turbine engine similarly to the exhaust gas 88 in which the steam 71 and the carbon dioxide are mixed.

As described above, the fuel cell 79 according to the present embodiment
Thus, the same effects as the effects (1) and (2) described above in the fuel cell 73 according to the seventh embodiment shown in FIG. 10 can be obtained, and the capacity of the reforming chamber 80 for performing the reaction can be increased. The reforming efficiency of the fossil fuel 74 can be improved.

The fuel cells 61, 73, and 7 according to the sixth to eighth embodiments of the present invention shown in FIGS.
9 is, as described above, any of the fuel cell turbine engines 1, 25, 35, 45, and 52 shown in FIGS. 1 and 5 to 8 as the first to fifth embodiments of the present invention. It is applicable and can exhibit the technical characteristics of each fuel cell type turbine engine.

[0080]

As described above, the fuel cell type turbine engine of the present invention provides a fuel cell and a fuel cell which generate power by an electrochemical reaction between hydrogen in fossil fuel or hydrogen, carbon monoxide and oxygen in air. A motor that generates a driving force on a drive shaft using electric power generated by a battery as a power source, a turbine provided on the drive shaft that generates a driving force by the motor, and a steam generated during power generation of a fuel cell generates a driving force on the turbine. In addition, a steam supply means is provided which generates a driving force not only by the driving force of the motor but also by the driving force of the turbine.

According to the fuel cell turbine engine of the present invention, (1) the fuel cell is designed to generate electric power by driving the turbine engine from a chemical reaction combustion of fossil fuel to an electrochemical reaction. There is no combustion step, no nitrogen oxides are generated, and the amount of carbon dioxide generated can be reduced.

(2) Further, since the fuel cell can be incorporated in a portion where a conventional combustor is installed, the fuel cell can be reduced in weight and size.

(3) Further, by absorbing and using the energy of the steam generated by the fuel cell in the turbine, a combined cycle can be realized, and the power generation efficiency is improved as compared with the power generation using chemical reaction combustion. Can be done.

(4) Further, since the turbine engine is driven by the electric motor, the turbine engine can be operated at a rated value, so that the fuel consumption can be reduced and the efficiency due to the partial load can be improved.

(5) The electric motor can be used as an engine starter required for a turbine engine.

(6) Further, only by switching the electric circuit,
The drive shaft can be rotated forward and reverse, so in a marine turbine engine that needs to move backward or an aircraft turbine engine that needs to generate a stopping force, the electric motor can be reversed to make the propeller or fan easier. The rotation can be reversed to achieve the purpose.

Further, the fuel cell turbine engine of the present invention has a compressor for generating compressed air to be supplied to an air-side electrode of a fuel cell for generating power by an electrochemical reaction on a drive shaft driven by a motor and a turbine. It was provided.

Thus, in the fuel cell type turbine engine of the present invention, the power supply efficiency can be improved by using compressed air as the air to be supplied to the fuel cell, and the compressor is provided with a fuel cell with good power generation efficiency. The engine is driven by a motor operated by the electric power generated by the power generation and a turbine operated by steam generated at the time of power generation, so that the engine efficiency can be improved.

Further, in the fuel cell type turbine engine of the present invention, fossil fuel can be used as it is as fuel for power generation, and hydrogen and carbon monoxide as fuel for power generation can be separated from fossil fuel. It is not necessary to separately provide a reaction chamber for performing the reaction, and the structure can be further simplified.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a fuel cell type turbine engine as a first embodiment of the fuel cell type turbine engine of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the fuel cell shown in FIG. 1,

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the capacity and power generation efficiency of various power generation methods;

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing partial load efficiencies of various power generation systems;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a fuel cell type turboprop engine as a second embodiment of the fuel cell type turbine engine of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a fuel cell type turboshaft engine as a third embodiment of the fuel cell type turbine engine of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a fuel cell type auxiliary power unit as a fourth embodiment of the fuel cell type turbine engine of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing a fuel cell type industrial / marine turbine engine as a fifth embodiment of the fuel cell type turbine engine of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing internal details of a fuel cell as a sixth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing internal details of a fuel cell according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing details of a fuel cell according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional gas turbine type turbofan engine.

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional gas turbine type turboprop engine.

FIG. 14 is a sectional view showing a conventional gas turbine type turboshaft engine.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 (Fuel cell type) turbo fan engine 3 Electric motor 4 Low pressure turbine 5 Fan 6 High pressure turbine 7 Compressor 8 High pressure shaft 9 Low pressure shaft 10 Fuel cell 11 Electrolyte containing ceramic tube 12 Air side electrode 13 Porous ceramic tube 14 Fuel side electrode 15 Intermediate Terminal 16 Current 17 Compressed Air 18 Core Air 19 Fossil Fuel 20 Engine Inflow Air 21 Bypass Air 22 Exhaust Gas 25 (Fuel Cell Type) Turboprop Engine 26 Output Turbine 27 Compressor 28 Propeller 29 Shaft 30 Exhaust Gas 31 Core Air 32 Rotating shaft 33 Electric motor 35 (fuel cell type) turbo shaft engine 36 Electric motor 37 Output turbine 38 Rotor 39 Rotor shaft 40 Output shaft 41 Gas generation turbine 42 Compressor 43 Axis 44 Core air 45 Exhaust gas 45 (Fuel power Formula) auxiliary power unit 46 electric motor 47 output turbine 48 compressor 49 output shaft 50 shaft 51 core air 51 'exhaust gas 52 marine turbine engine 53 electric motor 54 gas generator turbine 55 compressor 56 shaft 57 output turbine 58 drive shaft 59 core Air 60 Exhaust gas 61 Fuel cell 62 Fuel side electrode 63 Air side electrode 64 Electrolyte containing ceramic 65 Electric motor 66 Electric wiring 67 Hydrogen 68 Compressed air 69 Oxide ion 70 Electron 71 Vapor 72 Exhaust gas 73 Fuel cell 74 Fossil fuel 75 Porous Partition wall 76 Reforming chamber 77 Mixed gas 78 Exhaust gas 79 Fuel cell 80 Reforming chamber 86 (Gas turbine type) Turbo fan engine 87,95,101 Combustor 88 High pressure turbine 89,97,105 Compressor 90,98,106 Core Air 91 104, 110 exhaust gas 92 low-pressure turbine 93 fan 94 (Gas turbine type) turboprop 96, 102 turbine 99 propeller 100 (Gas turbine type) turboshaft engine 103 power turbine 106 Output shaft

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A fuel cell for generating power by an electrochemical reaction between hydrogen or carbon monoxide and oxygen, a motor powered by the fuel cell, a turbine installed on a drive shaft of the motor, And a steam supply means for supplying steam generated at the time of power generation to the turbine, and operating the drive shaft with the turbine together with the motor. 2. The fuel cell turbine engine according to claim 1, wherein the drive shaft of the motor is provided with the turbine and a compressor constituting compressed air supply means for supplying compressed air to an air electrode of the fuel cell. The fuel cell turbine engine according to claim 1, wherein: