JPH11190030A - Greening material and greening method therewith - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently slip sprayed materials into portions where soil exists (region where the plants can be rooted) without sticking to rock surfaces during spraying work in boulder zone. SOLUTION: Greening materials contain fine organic materials, coagulant, non-soluble chemical fertilizers including coating process, seeds of plants, clay, moisture; these are mixed together and kneaded; each element is uniformly contained by coagulation reaction; and powdered fish-like mixture is finally produced as greening materials. The greening materials are mixed by 50 to 90 volume % for organic matters, 10 to 50 volume % for clay, and 0.1 to 5 weight%; water content is 20 to 50 volume % compared to organic matters + clay. These materials are sprayed in rocky areas by manual labor, greening machine on aircraft or air and pressure blower without sticking the materials to rock surfaces. They are slipped in gaps between rocks and the materials are fixed by the coagulation action with the soil on the ground surface for growing the plants.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a revegetation material and a revegetation method for a site where there is a surface obstacle, such as a boulder, a windfall tree, or a crushed belt, where germination and development of plant seeds are difficult.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a site where a lot of rocks are formed on the ground surface, if the leveled surface area is 100, the area of a boulder / crush zone including an exposed rock surface is 300 to 300 mm.
It shows a very high value of about 1000. A conventional method for such a site is to add water to seeds / fertilizer, pulp or wood fiber / adhesive (material volume: water = 1: 1.5
-6) A method of mixing into a slurry having fluidity and spraying over the entire surface of a rocky place has been used. In this case, the amount of the applied material to the rock portion where the plant is difficult to settled occupies most of the used material, and the sprinkled material has a problem of a high loss rate that does not lead to the establishment even if germinated. In addition, when such places exist on a large scale, a large amount of seed is required,
It is impossible to use plants that are difficult to obtain in large quantities, and vegetation will be introduced only to plants that are available in large quantities. Therefore, there is a problem when considering harmony with the surrounding natural environment (for example, in a national park). Had.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve these problems, the present invention has been developed in such a manner that the spraying material does not adhere to the rock surface but efficiently slides into the site where soil is present (portion where plants can be established). By adjusting to, the total amount of the spraying material can be saved, and the selection range (including rare seeds) of plants to be originally introduced to the construction site can be increased.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems To achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention is to add and knead a fine organic substance with a coagulant, a water-insoluble chemical fertilizer including a coating process, plant seeds, clay and moisture. , Germination of plant seeds such as boulders and wind-down trees and crushed zones composed of tattered material uniformly containing each of the above-mentioned elements due to agglomeration reaction, as greening material for degraded areas where surface obstacles that are difficult to grow exist It is. Claim 2
Greening material is 50 to 90% by volume of organic matter and 10 to 5 clay.
0% by volume and 0.1 to 5% by weight of a flocculant are blended, and the water content is set to 20 to 50% by volume with respect to the organic substance and the clay. Claim 3 adds and kneads a water-insoluble chemical fertilizer including a coagulant, a coating product, a plant seed, clay and water to a fine organic substance; to form a rag-like material containing the above elements uniformly by a coagulation reaction. Boulders consisting of spraying the material on the rocks by hand or using an aircraft greening device or a blower-in-pipe blower, and sliding into the gaps in the rocks to fix the plants without adhering to the rocks. This is a method of greening a zone or shredded zone.

[0005]

[Function] A water-insoluble chemical fertilizer including a coagulant, a coated product, a plant seed, clay and moisture are added to fine organic matter, and the mixture is kneaded. Or germination of plant seeds such as boulders, wind-down trees, shredder zones, etc., using aircraft greening equipment or in-pipe air blowers,
Without sticking to the surface obstacles, they are slid into the gaps between the obstacles and sprayed to germinate and settle the plants for greening.

[0006]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The following procedure is used to produce a greening material of the present invention. First, a mixture of organic fine particles and clay at a volume ratio of 15-30%,
Nonionic flocculant with viscosity of 0.2 to 0.2
The material mixed with 5.0% is referred to as A. B is a material mixed with A so that the total volume of the chemical fertilizer and the plant seed is 40% or less of A. 20 of A to B
A material was stirred and kneaded while adding water equivalent to 40%, and sufficiently stirred until it became a ragged (agglomerated) shape by an agglutination reaction. The resulting C is a rag with almost no surface viscosity, containing seeds, fertilizer, and protective materials evenly, so when it is sprayed on rocks, it slides into the gaps between the rocks without adhering to the rocks. However, even a small amount of spray can effectively fix the plant. It is necessary to adjust the aggregated state of the application material C to a state where the fertilizer, the seed, and the connection material do not separate from each other at the time of application, and it is necessary to adjust the amount of water added within the above range by the application method. Becomes

[0007] Addition rate of coagulant: When guar gum is used, the effective range is 0.1 to 5%, and the optimum range is around 0.3%. Other coagulants are used in reduced values by comparing the effects.
Organic compounding ratio: The effective range is 50 to 90% by volume, and the optimum range is 70 to 80%. Clay content: effective range is 10-5
0%, optimal range is 20-30%. The effective range of the added moisture percentage is 20 to 50% with respect to the volume of (organic substance + clay), and the optimum value is 30 to 40%. If the upper limit of the effective range is exceeded or less than the lower limit, each element in the material may be separated,
It has surface viscosity and adheres to rocks, and slipping into gaps between rocks becomes insufficient. Hereinafter, each compound will be described in detail.

(Water) The amount of water to be added is preferably about 20 to 30% in manual construction such as manual distribution, or in a gravity drop device using an aircraft with a flight altitude of 40 m or less. 5 kg or less at 50 m or less
20 to 30% if f / cm ² or less
When the original feed pressure exceeds 0 m and the original feed pressure is about 7 kgf / cm ² , by adjusting the water content to 30 to 40%, the fertilizer and the seeds can be sprayed without separation.

(Aggregating agent) The amount of the aggregating agent used in the present invention can be adjusted by mixing at least the amount necessary for aggregating the spraying material within a range that does not hinder the spraying operation, so that the moisture of night dew or rainfall is reduced. In response to this, a coagulation reaction occurs with the soil deposited in the gaps between the ground surface obstacles, and the flocculation quickly settles at the falling point, thereby preventing runoff and scattering. Even if it receives rain immediately after spraying, if a large amount of surface water does not occur, the water dripping from the rock surface will mix the spreading material with the soil, and agglomeration will occur in the first few minutes of rainfall, avoiding runoff Is done. In addition, rock has high thermal conductivity and cools down rapidly at night, causing water in the air to condense and drip around the rock. It promotes the coagulation reaction with slag and exhibits the effect of suppressing runoff.

[0010] Many of the sites of the present invention are located in mountainous areas,
It is known that air in mountainous areas has a high ratio of the slope area of the ground surface, and has a high relative humidity due to a large amount of evaporated water with respect to the horizontal area and the addition of moisture evaporating from plant leaves. In addition to this, nighttime dew condensation on rocks occurs frequently due to large changes in temperature between day and night. Also, the coagulant to be used is preferably a nonionic coagulant that is not affected by the ionic reaction.However, when using a water-soluble fertilizer or alkaline clay, nitrogen, potassium, and calcium components show cations, By adding the anionic coagulant in combination with the nonionic coagulant, it is possible to prevent runoff of the fertilizer and to alleviate the germination disorder caused by burning of the fertilizer. As a precaution when using a flocculant, the use of an aluminum-based flocculant causes fixation of phosphoric acid and suppresses plant growth.
It is desirable to use a technique such as additional addition of phosphoric acid, or not to use it if possible.

(Organic) Fine organic substances that serve as a protective material for linking fertilizers and seeds are those having a shape of about 10 mm mesh passing product due to good bite into gaps and good entanglement with fertilizer seeds. Of these, those containing 5% mesh passing amount of 80% or more are desirable. Also,
When performing uniform mixing of fertilizer and seeds, the low water content in the initial mixing can prevent uneven mixing due to squeezing (wet hand milling), and uniform mixing can be easily performed.
Material distribution according to the low-moisture cultivated soil (the already filed application: lightweight sandbag using low-moisture cultivated soil) is effective.

(Clay) The clay added to the organic matter causes a coagulation reaction even when using general soil containing ordinary clay components. However, when soil containing a large amount of sandy materials is used, the coagulated aggregated material has a rough structure. Then, since there is a tendency that the material is easily collapsed by an external pressure (air resistance or the like) at the time of spraying, it is necessary to adjust the amount of the coagulant to be used. In addition, since clay plays a role of promoting the coagulation reaction, the use of a low-moisture-adjusted material that can be uniformly mixed with organic matter leads to an improvement in working efficiency.

(Fertilizer) The fertilizer to be used is preferably a water-insoluble fertilizer which does not affect the seed germination due to concentration disturbance.
By increasing the compounding ratio of the agent A to 80% or more, or by selecting a coagulant, a highly water-soluble advanced fertilizer can be used.

(Aggregation / Aggregation) When water is added to a material containing an aggregating agent, an aggregating reaction proceeds as a whole, and a lump of agglomerate is produced. At this time, in order to agglomerate into agglomerates (sorogy) suitable for spraying, kneading and stirring are added during the agglutination reaction to advance the aggregating unit on a small scale,
There is a technique to limit the amount of water. The method of limiting the amount of water is to add a water-absorbing and restoring material (compressed organic material, high-molecular-weight water-absorbing polymer, etc.) that can absorb excess water in advance because uniform coagulation cannot be obtained if the added water is reduced. Therefore, it is preferable to knead the mixture in an excess water state, adjust the water required for the coagulation reaction by absorbing the water-absorbing material, and partially disintegrate the aggregates. The excess watering amount at this time needs to be similar to the water necessary for the water-absorbing restoration material to be in a perfect state, and is adjusted according to the properties of the material used.

(Spraying method) As a spraying method, not only manual work by manual distribution, but also a gravity drop type spraying device by an airplane, an in-pipe pressure feeder using an air compressor, and the like can be used. When constructing using an in-pipe feeder, the discharge port for the material is set obliquely above the ground surface (water sprinkling procedure) and the grounding speed of the material is reduced to prevent slamming due to the pipe pressure. In addition, loss of adhesion to a rock surface can be prevented. There is almost no loss of adhesion to the rock surface during manual spreading or air spraying.

(Product Form) The product form in which the material according to the present invention is sold as a product is as follows. 1. Product which added coagulant to organic matter and clay. 2. A product obtained by adding a water absorption accelerator to 2.1. 3. A product obtained by adding a water-absorbing restoration type material to 1 or 2. 4.1 A product obtained by adding a water-insoluble fertilizer to 1-3. A product obtained by adding and mixing seeds to 5.1 to 4.

(Materials, Raw Materials, and Materials That Can Be Used in the Present Invention) Fine organic peat moss, coconut pulp powder, wood fiber, ground paper waste Clay Generally classified into HC, LiC, and SiC in the international classification. Red clay (laterite), Kanto loam clay, and the like, there are commercial products, such as bentonite, Akadama clay. Chemical fertilizers Resin-coated fertilizers in general, UDA-type urea-containing fertilizers, IB-type urea-containing fertilizers, and other fertilizers with controlled elution. Product name High Control (Asahi Kasei Kogyo) Birdie Large (Mitsubishi Kasei) Green Food (Nippi Sangyo) Agu Amp K (WRGRACE & Co.,) Birdie All TAS (Maruwa Biochemical) Green Map, Green Map II (Joint Fertilizer) Mikurea (Nisuga) Chemistry) Other fertilizers with similar components Coagulant Nonionic polymer Gua gum (Plant seed extract component) Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) Chrysat (Kurita Kogyo) Alon AX (Toa Gosei) Other adhesives for tree planting with similar components And an anionic flocculant Curicoat CP402 (Kurita Kogyo) Pgreen (Sumitomo Seikagaku Kogyo) In addition, a greening adhesive and a soil stabilizer having a component similar thereto. Coagulant causing difficulty in use Inactivation of aluminum-based coagulant and phosphoric acid. Other Auxiliary Materials Plant and soil surfactants, patented patents Various polymer-polymer water retention materials. Palm pulverized powder compression products and peat moss compression products. Other water-absorbing restoration type materials that do not hinder plant growth.

Example 1 (Basic formulation)

[Table 1] Category Ingredients Ingredients Ingredients Unit Remarks Fine organics Canadian peat moss 8,000 liters Organic + clay Clay Akadama 2,000 liters 10,000 liters Nonionic flocculant Gua gum 62.5 kg Coagulant Water retention agent Glass power G500 20.0 kg 31.25 liter Water absorption promoter Rain power 2.5 kg Chemical fertilizer High control 085-70 1,200 kg Total fertilizer Soluble phosphorus fertilizer 400 kg 890 liters Moisture 3,000 liters Seeds Perennial ryegrass 11.3 kg Whole seeds Tall fescue 23.1 kg 358 liters Kentucky bluegrass 3 kg Creeping red fescue 23 kg Artemisia 4.1 kg Knotweed 10.9 kg Bamboo birch 2.9 kg Yamahagi 21.7 kg Yashabushi 7.4 kg Organic + clay ratio 88.90% Coagulant addition ratio 0.31% Water addition ratio 30% Result Physical property: ideally ragged. Germination of plants: Germination of all species was confirmed. Plant growth: uniform germination and growth were confirmed. Add: Spring was constructed area 1m ² per 100g sprayed with immediate effect advanced chemical conversion in the following year. Rapid growth promotion was confirmed, and woody plants were established. Manual spraying.

Example 2 (Water loss)

[Table 2] Category Compounding material Compounding amount Unit Remarks Fine organic substance Canadian peat moss 800 liters Organic + clay Clay Akadama 200 liters 1,000 liters Nonionic flocculant guar gum 6.25 kg flocculant Water retention agent Glass power G500 2 kg 3.12 liter Water absorption promoter Rain power 0.25 kg Chemical fertilizer High control 085-70 120 kg Total fertilizer Soluble phosphorus fertilizer 40 kg 89 liters Water fresh water 150 liters Seeds Perennial ryegrass 1.13 kg Whole seeds Tall fescue 2.31 kg 35.8 liters Kentucky bluegrass 0.3 kg Creeping red fescue 2.3 kg Artemisia 0.41 kg Weasel 1.09 kg Birch birch 0.29 kg Yamahagi 2.17 kg Yashabushi 7.4 kg Organic + clay ratio 88.90% Coagulant addition ratio 0.31% Water addition ratio 15% Result Physical properties: Pasatsuki was not coherent. Germination of plants: Germination of all species was confirmed. Plant growth: Germination was confirmed uniformly, but growth was uneven. Add: Spring was constructed area 1m ² per 100g sprayed with immediate effect advanced chemical conversion in the following year. Rapid growth was confirmed, and woody plants were established. Note: Strong winds tend to separate seeds and fertilizer. Aerial spray from aircraft.

Example 3 (increase in water content)

[Table 3] Category Compounding material Compounding amount Unit Remarks Fine organic substance Canadian peat moss 800 liters Organic + clay Clay Akadama 200 liters 1,000 liters Nonionic flocculant guar gum 6.25 kg flocculant Water retention agent Glass power G500 2 kg 3.12 liters Water absorption promoter Rain power 0.25 kg Chemical fertilizer High control 085-70 120 kg Total fertilizer Soluble phosphorus fertilizer 40 kg 89 liters Water fresh water 600 liters Seeds Perennial ryegrass 1.13 kg Whole seeds Tall fescue 2.31 kg 35.8 liters Kentucky bluegrass 0.3 kg Creeping red fescue 2.3 kg Artemisia 0.41 kg Itadori 1.09 kg Bamboo birch 0.29 kg Yamahagi 2.17 kg Yashabushi 7.4 kg Organic + Clay: Fertilizer + Seed ratio 50: 9 Organic + Clay ratio 88.90% Coagulant addition ratio 0.31% Water addition ratio 60% Result Physical properties: High water content and rock adhesion Increased to about 1/3 of Example 1 Area. Germination of plants: Germination of all species was confirmed. Plant growth: Many solids germinated and died on the rock surface. Add: Spring was constructed area 1m ² per 100g sprayed with immediate effect advanced chemical conversion in the following year. Rapid growth promotion was confirmed, and woody plants were established. Remarks: Properties similar to conventional slurry. Aerial spray from aircraft.

Embodiment 4

[Table 4] Category Compounding material Compounding amount Unit Remarks Fine organic substance Canadian peat moss 300 liters Organic + clay Palm ash powder 300 liters 880 liters Waste paper crushed 200 liters Clay bentonite 80 liters Nonionic flocculant guar gum 6.25 kg flocculant Water retention agent Glass power G500 2 kg 3.12 liters Water absorption promoter Rain power 0.25 kg Chemical fertilizer High Control 085-70 120 kg Total fertilizer Soluble phosphorus fertilizer 40 kg 89 liters Moisture Fresh water 600 liters Seeds Perennial ryegrass 1.13 kg Total seeds Tall fescue 2.31 kg 35.8 liters Kentucky bluegrass 0.3 kg Reaping Red Fescue 2.3 kg Mugwort 0.41 kg Knotweed 1.09 kg Bamboo Birch 0.29 kg Yamahagi 2.17 kg Yashabushi 7.4 kg Organic + Clay Ratio 86.70% Coagulant Addition Ratio 0.31% Water Addition Ratio 30% Result Physical property: ideally smashed. Plant germination: plant growth all species of germination could be confirmed: uniform germination and added it was confirmed the growth: Spring was constructed area 1m ² per 100g sprayed with immediate effect advanced chemical conversion in the following year. Rapid growth promotion was confirmed, and woody plants were established. Remarks: The stirring time was about 30% longer than the basic formulation.

(Test Example) Table 5 shows the results of examining the properties of materials with various amounts of added water and the amount of coagulant and the state of spraying.
Shown in

[Table 5]

[0023]

As described above, a coagulant,
Add water-insoluble chemical fertilizers including coated products, plant seeds, clay and moisture, add and knead them to form a ragged material, which can be applied manually or in rocky areas using an aircraft greening device or a blower / pipe in a pipe. Since many rocks are scattered to be exposed on the surface of the ground, they can be slid into the gaps of the rocky area without being attached to the rocks, and the plants can be effectively fixed and greened.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A boulder made of a tattered material that uniformly contains the above-mentioned elements by adding and kneading a fine organic matter with a coagulant, a water-insoluble chemical fertilizer including a coating process, plant seeds, clay and water by a coagulation reaction. Greening material for zones or crushed belts. 2. The greening material contains 50 to 90% by volume of an organic substance, 10 to 50% by volume of a clay, and 0.1 to 5% by weight of a coagulant. %. The greening material according to claim 1, wherein the content is expressed as%. 3. A fine organic substance is kneaded with a water-insoluble chemical fertilizer containing a coagulant, a coated product, a plant seed, clay and water; and a coagulation reaction is performed to obtain a tatter-like material containing the above elements uniformly. Boulders consisting of spraying the material on the rocks by hand or using an aircraft greening device or a blower-in-pipe blower, and sliding the rocks into the gaps of the rock without fixing the rocks to fix the plants. A method of greening a zone or shatter zone.