JPH10220691A - Frp pressure vessel - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make wall thickness of a liner thinner compared to a hoop lap vessel and dispense with a helical layer so as to reduce weight compared to a full lap vessel by applying spiral winding with a specific orientation angle to the axial direction of a drum part, and hoop winding to a liner drum part. SOLUTION: A pressure vessel is formed in cylindrical tank shape formed of a cylindrical drum part 5 and end plate parts 6 for closing both ends of the drum part 5, and has a liner 3, a dummy hoop layer 2 formed in a width of about 70mm from the drum part of the liner outer surface to the end plate part, and a hoop layer 1 formed thereon being wound only around the drum part 1. The orientation angle of filament of the dummy hoop layer 2 is to be 40-75 deg., for instance, 58 deg., and the liner 3 is made of aluminium, for instance. E-glass fiber is used as the filament. With this pressure vessel with spiral winding and hoop winding thus applied to the liner drum part, a lightweight vessel can be formed, and forming time can be shortened.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention generally relates to an FRP container, and more particularly, to a structure of an FRP container.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A pressure vessel formed by winding a fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) around a metal or plastic liner is lightweight and has sufficient strength, so that it can be used for various fluids such as gas, liquefied gas and liquid. It is used as a pressure vessel to contain.

[0003] This pressure vessel is generally in the form of a cylindrical tank comprising a cylindrical body and mirrors which are closed at both ends in a bowl shape, and fluid flows into and out of substantially the center of one or both mirrors. An opening is provided. The liner forms the entire inner surface of the pressure vessel. When the liner is made of metal, the filament is wound around only the body (called a hoop layer). There is a full-wrap container wound (called a helical layer). In this full-wrap container, a hoop layer is further added to the body. When the liner is made of plastic, it is usually a full-wrap container, and a hoop layer is further added to the body.

In the hoop wrap winding, a filament is wound on the liner body at an orientation angle of about 90 ° with respect to the axial direction of the body (FIG. 3). In the full wrap winding, the metal liner mirror and the body are wound. A helical winding with an orientation angle determined by the outer diameter ratio of the base / the torso with respect to the axial direction of the body, and a hoop winding with an orientation angle of about 90 ° with respect to the axial direction of the body on the metal liner body. A type of lamination is performed (FIG. 4). The helical winding is basically wound substantially in the axial direction of the trunk as shown in FIG.

[0005] The FRP container was born from the need to reduce the weight of a metal container. In a cylindrical shape, the stress generated when an internal pressure is applied is circumferential: axial = 2: 1. Therefore, the thickness of the metal container must be designed to withstand the circumferential stress. Focusing on this point, the hoop wrap winding reinforces the metal liner wall thickness to withstand the axial stress and the insufficient circumferential strength by applying a hoop winding on the metal liner body. The full wrap winding adds a helical winding to further reduce the thickness of the metal liner.

US Pat. No. 3,969,812 discloses that in a full wrap winding, a hoop layer and a helical layer are divided into two layers to reinforce a stress concentration portion at a hoop end at a boundary between a metal liner body and a mirror portion. (FIG. 5) discloses a laminated structure in which the hoop layer is slightly inserted from the end of the hoop into the mirror portion and laminated.

[0007]

As described above, the FRP container meets the need for reducing the weight of a metal container.
There is a problem that it is more expensive than a metal container. That is, the weight of both the hoop wrap container and the full wrap container was lighter than the metal container, but the cost was considerably higher than the metal container. The cost of the full wrap container and the hoop wrap container are almost the same, but the weight of the hoop wrap container is slightly heavier. Specifically, the hoop wrap container has a problem that the liner thickness is large, the molding cost of the liner is high, and the weight cannot be reduced so much.

The full-wrap container has a problem that the liner thickness can be reduced, but the molding time, material cost, and weight of the helical layer are large, and as a result, the weight cannot be reduced so much.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and has a weight and weight that are lower than those of conventional FRP containers.
An object of the present invention is to provide an FRP container with reduced cost.

[0010]

Means for Solving the Problems The inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, the hoop wrap is formed by combining a hoop layer with a spiral (pseudo hoop) layer wound at a specific orientation angle. The object has been achieved by making the liner wall thickness thinner than the container, and by omitting the helical layer to make it lighter than the full-wrap container, thereby achieving the present invention.

That is, the present invention relates to an FRP pressure vessel in which a spiral winding and a hoop winding having an orientation angle of 40 to 75 ° with respect to the axial direction of the body are applied to the body of the liner.

In the present invention, the following improvements are added in consideration of the functions of the hoop wrap winding and the full wrap winding of the prior art.

[0013] The liner thickness was not as thin as a full wrap wound container. This is because, in the case of a full-wrap container, the liner thickness has been reduced to a minimum, so molding time is required for laminating the helical winding layer, material costs are high, and the weight of the helical winding mirror is large. This is because the weight is not much different from the hoop wrap container.

The pseudo hoop winding has an orientation angle of 40 to 75 ° with respect to the axial direction of the trunk. The helical winding of a conventional full-wrap container has a structure in which the entire mirror is covered up to the base, and its orientation angle is determined by the outer diameter ratio of the base / body, but it is about 10 to 20 degrees. Greatly different. Orientation angle of pseudo hoop winding is 40
By limiting the mirror portion to an angle of up to 75 ° and not covering the entire mirror portion, the reinforcement effect in the circumferential direction was made greater than in the axial direction as shown in FIG.

[0015] The layer thickness of the hoop wrap was about the same as that of a conventional hoop wrap container.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Fiber reinforced plastic (FRP)
Is a plastic reinforced with filaments.
Filaments suitable for the present invention are glass fibers, metal fibers,
There are inorganic fibers such as boron fiber, carbon fiber, alumina fiber and silica fiber, and synthetic or natural organic fibers such as vinylon fiber, nylon fiber, aramid fiber, cotton and hemp. Preferred fibers are single fibers such as glass fibers, carbon fibers, and aramid fibers, or mixed fibers thereof. The filaments may be of the same type or different types in the hoop winding layer and the pseudo hoop winding layer.

The base resin includes unsaturated polyester resin, epoxy resin, phenol resin, melamine resin,
There are thermosetting resins such as acrylic resin and furan resin, and thermoplastic resins such as nylon resin, polyethylene terephthalate (PTE) resin, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) resin, polycarbonate resin, and polypropylene resin. Preferred resins are epoxy resins and unsaturated polyester resins.

[0018] The fiber reinforced plastic is formed by winding it around a liner. The winding method includes a general filament winding method (winding a thread-like roving), a method of winding a tape-like reinforcing fiber pre-impregnated with a resin as a kind of the filament winding method, and a tape winding method. The layer thickness of the fiber-reinforced plastic varies depending on the material of the fiber-reinforced plastic, the size of the pressure vessel, the required pressure resistance and the like, but is about 2 to 100 mm, particularly about 5 to 30 mm.

The fiber content is 50% to 50% in terms of fiber volume content.
About 70% is appropriate.

The FRP layer of the pressure vessel of the present invention comprises a pseudo hoop winding layer and a hoop winding layer.

In the pseudo hoop winding layer, the filament (or tape, hereinafter collectively referred to as a filament) is at an angle of 40 to 75 ° with respect to the axial direction of the body, preferably 50 to 65 °.
Winding at an angle of °, particularly preferably 55 to 60 °. As a rule, winding is performed in an alternate direction. In this winding method, two (or two bundles) of filaments are spirally wound so as to intersect alternately from the left and right from the end, and 40 to 75 ° from one end to the other end.
May be formed so that the filaments are folded at the other end and turned back at the other end so that the filaments intersect in one round trip. The orientation angles on both the left and right sides are in principle symmetric, but may be asymmetric as long as they are within the above-mentioned allowable angle range. The layer thickness of this pseudo hoop winding layer is about 30 to 200% of the hoop layer, usually about 60 to 120%. It is preferable that the range in which the pseudo hoop winding layer is provided partially extends from the trunk to the mirror. It is preferable to extend the pseudo hoop winding layer to 20 to 70% of the axial length (depth of the mirror portion) from the connection portion of the mirror portion with the trunk portion to the top (or bottom).

The filaments of the hoop winding layer are at an angle of 80 to 100 ° with respect to the axial direction of the body, preferably 85 to 95 °.
Wrap at an angle of °. The thickness of the hoop layer varies depending on the required pressure resistance and the like, but is about 1 to 50 mm, usually 2 to 50 mm.
It is about 20 mm. The range in which the hoop winding layer is provided is appropriately about 90 to 105%, usually about 95 to 100% of the entire length of the body.

Either the hoop winding layer or the pseudo hoop winding layer may be an upper layer, or a hoop winding layer and a pseudo hoop winding layer may be provided alternately for single or multiple windings to form a composite layer of both.

The FRP layer of the present invention comprises a pseudo hoop winding layer and a hoop winding layer. Needless to say, a helical winding layer may be further provided if necessary.

The liner includes a metal liner and a plastic liner. Examples of metals include aluminum alloys, steel,
There are stainless steel and titanium. The thickness of the metal liner varies depending on the material of the metal, the size of the pressure vessel, the required pressure resistance, and the like, but is generally about 1 to 20 mm, particularly 1 to 10 mm.
mm.

High-density polyethylene or polypropylene is generally used for the plastic used for the plastic liner.
Nylon 66: trade name Rilsan) and the like can also be used. Also, gas permeability can be ensured by multilayer blow molding in which several layers are superimposed and molded instead of a single body.

The thickness of the plastic liner varies depending on the material of the plastic, the size of the pressure vessel, the required pressure resistance, and the like, but is generally about 1 to 30 mm, particularly 2 to 15 mm.
mm.

The plastic liner can be manufactured by a method such as blow molding, rotational molding, or by separately manufacturing the mirror portion and the body portion and thermally fusing them.

The size of the pressure vessel of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is about 1 to 1000 L in volume. Needless to say, the container may be provided with an opening at an appropriate position in addition to the opening through which the fluid flows in and out according to the purpose of use.

[0030]

EXAMPLE A pressure vessel shown in FIG. 1 was manufactured. This container has a cylindrical tank shape comprising a cylindrical body 5 and mirrors 6 closing both ends thereof. The liner 3, a pseudo hoop layer formed by covering the mirror with a width of 70 mm from the body on the outer surface of the liner. 2 and a hoop layer 1 formed thereon by being wound only around the trunk. The orientation angle of the filament in the pseudo hoop layer is 58 °. The liner is made of aluminum, the size is 355 mm in outer diameter, and the total length is 1300
mmL. E glass fiber was used for the filament. The wall thickness is 13.0 mm for the parallel portion of the liner, 3.5 mm for the pseudo hoop layer, and 5.0 mm for the hoop layer. The weight of the container thus formed was 71.4 kg.

For comparison, a hoop wrap container made of an aluminum liner was designed so that the burst pressures were substantially matched,
Full wrap containers and steel containers were made.

Table 1 shows the design data, weight, results of the destruction test, and cost estimates for each container.

[0033]

[Table 1]

[0034]

As described above, according to the present invention, an FRP pressure vessel in which a spiral winding and a hoop winding having an orientation angle of 40 to 75 ° with respect to the axial direction of the body is applied to the body of the liner. Has the following effects.

A container lighter in weight than conventional hoop wrap containers and full wrap containers can be formed. Molding time can be shortened compared to conventional full-wrap containers. It can be molded at lower cost than conventional hoop wrap containers and full wrap containers. Since the end of the hoop is reinforced with a pseudo hoop winding, the rupture point at the time of the destructive test can be limited to the center of the trunk, and the burst performance is improved and the variation of the burst pressure is reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a partial cross section of a pressure vessel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing the strength sharing status of various FRP containers.

FIG. 3 is a front view showing a conventional FRP container laminating method.

FIG. 4 is a front view showing a conventional FRP container laminating method.

FIG. 5 is a front view showing an embodiment of US Pat. No. 3,969,812.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Hoop winding 2 ... Pseudo hoop winding 3 ... Liner 4 ... Base part 5 ... Trunk part 6 ... Mirror part

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. The liner body has a length of 4 with respect to the axial direction of the body.
FRP pressure vessel with spiral and hoop windings with an orientation angle of 0-75 °