JPH10148415A - Cooler - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To rapidly perform the cooling of a room by a method wherein right after the start of a discharging of hydrogen, the air in the room is cooled by an indoor heat-exchanger with latent heat of evaporation by the evaporation of an adsorption medium in a condenser-evaporator as a cold heat source. SOLUTION: An outdoor heat-exchanger 8c and a heat-exchanger 61 of a condenser-evaporator 6 are serially connected by a fluid circuit C, and the heat-exchanger 61 of the condenser-evaporator 6 and an indoor heat-exchanger 10b are serially connected by a fluid circuit D. Also, a heat-exchanging part 31 of a hydrogen tank 3, and an outdoor heat-exchanger 8b are serially connected by a fluid circuit E, and the heat-exchanging part 31 of the hydrogen tank 3 and an indoor heat-exchanger 10a and serially connected by a fluid circuit F. Then, right after the start of a discharging of hydrogen of the hydrogen tank 3, an indoor air is cooled by the indoor heat-exchanger 10b with latent heat of evaporation by the evaporation of an adsorption medium in the condenser-evaporator 6, as a cold heat source. By doing so, the cooling of a room can be rapidly performed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cooling device for cooling indoor air using latent heat of release when hydrogen is released from a hydrogen storage alloy capable of storing and releasing hydrogen.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as the above-mentioned cooling device, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. Hei 7-99057 discloses a heat medium, which has been deprived of the latent heat of release in a heat exchange section provided in a hydrogen storage alloy and cooled. A cooling device that cools a cooling space by circulating through a heat exchanger has been proposed.

[0003]

The hydrogen storage alloy is used for storing a predetermined amount of hydrogen.
Inevitably, it becomes large and has a large heat capacity.Therefore, immediately after the start of hydrogen release, the release latent heat is mainly used for cooling the hydrogen storage alloy at about room temperature, and the heating medium cannot be cooled rapidly. The present inventors have found that the room air may not be cooled rapidly.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and is directed to a cooling apparatus for cooling indoor air using a latent heat of release when hydrogen is released from a hydrogen storage alloy as a cold heat source. The purpose is to rapidly cool the air.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, a condensing evaporator (6) for evaporating and condensing an adsorption medium with the adsorption and desorption of the adsorption medium in the adsorber (5) is provided. Focusing on the fact that when condensing, the latent heat of vaporization is removed from the surroundings, and that the condensing evaporator (6) has a smaller size and a smaller heat capacity than the hydrogen storage alloy (32). The invention to be described has been found.

Specifically, in the present invention, immediately after the start of the release of hydrogen, the latent heat of evaporation due to the evaporation of the adsorption medium in the condensation evaporator (6) is used as a cold heat source. The indoor air is cooled by the heat exchangers (10a, 10b, 10). According to such a configuration, a small amount of the latent heat of evaporation due to the evaporation of the adsorption medium is used to cool the condensation evaporator (6) itself having a small heat capacity, and most of the latent heat of evaporation is used to cool the indoor air. It can be used as a cold heat source. Therefore, compared with the above-mentioned conventional technology, the room air can be cooled rapidly, and the room can be cooled rapidly.

The indoor heat exchangers (10a, 10b, 1)
According to 0), it can be seen that latent heat of evaporation when the adsorption medium evaporates is taken from the room air, and as a result, the evaporation of the adsorption medium can be favorably continued. Also,
According to the second aspect of the invention, since the release latent heat and the evaporation latent heat are used as the cold heat source immediately after the start of hydrogen release, the room air can be cooled more rapidly.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the hydrogen storage alloy (32) is cooled by the latent heat of vaporization due to the evaporation of the adsorption medium immediately after the start of the release of hydrogen. The indoor air is cooled by the indoor heat exchanger (10a) using the cold heat of the hydrogen storage alloy (32) as a cold heat source. According to such a configuration, the hydrogen storage alloy (32) is cooled by latent heat of vaporization immediately after the start of the release of hydrogen, whereby
The room air can be cooled more rapidly than before by the amount of the heat of the hydrogen storage alloy (32), and the room can be rapidly cooled.

Further, it can be considered that the indoor heat exchanger (10a) removes latent heat of evaporation when the adsorbing medium evaporates from the indoor air. As a result, the evaporation of the adsorbing medium is favorably continued. be able to. According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the outdoor heat exchanger (8) that releases heat of condensation when the adsorption medium is condensed in the condensation evaporator (6) to the outdoor air.
Since c) is provided, the condensation of the adsorption medium in the condensation evaporator (6) can be favorably continued.

Further, since the heat of condensation is released to the outdoor air, cooling of the indoor air (cooling of the indoor) is not hindered. Further, according to the invention as set forth in claim 5, there is provided a cooling device used in combination with a fuel cell (2) for generating power by reacting hydrogen supplied from a hydrogen storage alloy (32) with an oxidant, Immediately after the start of release of the fuel cell, the adsorption medium is adsorbed by the adsorber (5), and the fuel cell (2) is heated by the heat of adsorption at this time.

Here, immediately after the start of power generation of the fuel cell (2),
In other words, immediately after the start of the supply (release) of hydrogen, the reaction between the hydrogen and the oxidant does not proceed favorably because the temperature of the fuel cell (2) is low at about room temperature, and sufficient power generation efficiency cannot be obtained. . When the fuel cell (2) continues to generate power and enters a power generation steady state, the fuel cell (2) generates heat and its temperature rises, thereby improving power generation efficiency.

On the other hand, the fuel cell (2) can be heated immediately after the start of hydrogen release, that is, immediately after the start of power generation of the fuel cell (2), so that the fuel cell (2) is quickly warmed up. Can be. Therefore, immediately after the start of power generation, the reaction between hydrogen and the oxidant can be favorably performed, and sufficient power generation efficiency can be obtained quickly. Also,
Power saving can be achieved as compared with the case where the fuel cell (2) is rapidly warmed up using an electric heater.

Further, it can be considered that the heat of adsorption when the adsorption medium is adsorbed is deprived by the fuel cell (2).
As a result, the adsorption of the adsorption medium can be favorably continued. In the invention according to claim 6, when the fuel cell (2) is in the power generation steady state, the heat generated by the fuel cell (2) heats the condensing evaporator (6) to desorb the adsorption medium. . As a result, the fact that the heat generated by the fuel cell (2) is taken away by the condensing evaporator (6) at the same time as the desorption of the adsorption medium is taken into account indicates that the temperature of the fuel cell (2) becomes abnormally high. It is possible to suppress damage to components (21, 22, 23, 24) such as electrodes constituting the fuel cell (2).

Further, in the invention according to claim 7, after the adsorption medium is desorbed from the adsorbent (52), the adsorber (5)
The communicating part (55) between the air and the condensation evaporator (6) is opened and closed by the opening and closing means (4).
Because it is closed in 3), until the next start of hydrogen release,
The desorbed state of the adsorbent (52) of the adsorber (5) can be maintained as it is. Therefore, by opening the communication portion (55) at the start of the next hydrogen release, the adsorption of the adsorption medium in the adsorber (5), that is, the evaporation of the adsorption medium in the condensing evaporator (6) can be performed well. Thus, rapid cooling of the room air (rapid cooling of the room) can be favorably performed. Adsorption of the adsorption medium in the adsorber (5) can be favorably performed, and rapid warm-up of the fuel cell (2) can be favorably performed.

[0015]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention. (First Embodiment) FIG. 1 shows an example in which a cooling device of the present invention is applied to a fuel cell vehicle powered by a fuel cell system 1. The fuel cell system 1 includes a fuel cell 2 that generates electricity by reacting hydrogen with an oxidant (oxygen in the air), a hydrogen tank 3 that stores hydrogen, and hydrogen that sends hydrogen in the hydrogen tank 3 to the fuel cell 2. The pump includes a pump 4, an adsorber 5 for rapidly warming up the fuel cell 2, and a condensing evaporator 6 for rapidly cooling an indoor heat exchanger 10b, which will be described later. These are all provided under the floor of the automobile (outside the cabin). The electric power from the fuel cell 2 is supplied to the vehicle drive motor 7 via an inverter or a converter (not shown).

As shown in FIG. 2, the fuel cell 2 comprises a grooved connector 21, a positive electrode (cathode) 22, an electrolyte layer 23, and a negative electrode (anode) 24 laminated in this order. Of the grooved connector 21, a large number of grooves 211 are formed on a surface facing the positive electrode 22 in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 2, and a surface facing the negative electrode 24 is provided with a large number of grooves 211 in the horizontal direction of the paper surface of FIG. Groove 212 is formed.

The air pump 101 is provided in the groove 211.
(See FIG. 4), air is supplied from the tank 212, and hydrogen in the hydrogen tank 3 is supplied to the groove 212 via the hydrogen pump 4. And the grooved connector 2 at the end in the stacking direction
1 is provided with a heat exchange unit 25 in which a heat exchange fluid flows in a meandering manner. The heat exchange unit 25 releases the heat of the fuel cell 2 to the heat exchange fluid or releases the heat of the heat exchange fluid to the fuel cell 2.

The hydrogen tank 3 is provided inside a closed container 30.
A heat exchange section 31 through which a heat exchange fluid flows;
A hydrogen storage alloy 32 fixed around, for example, LaNi ₅
Formed by housing the H _6. Note that the heat exchange unit 31 releases the heat of the hydrogen tank 3 (hydrogen storage alloy 32) to the heat exchange fluid, and releases the heat of the heat exchange fluid to the hydrogen tank 3 (hydrogen storage alloy 32). .

The hydrogen storage alloy 32 absorbs hydrogen by cooling or increasing the pressure, and releases hydrogen by heating or decreasing the pressure. In the present embodiment, the pressure in the hydrogen tank 3 is reduced by the hydrogen pump 4 to release hydrogen from the hydrogen storage alloy 32. Since hydrogen is consumed as the fuel cell 2 is used, it is necessary to store hydrogen in the hydrogen storage alloy 32 periodically.

The adsorber 5 contains a heat exchange section 51 through which a heat exchange fluid flows, and a large number of granular adsorbents 52 fixed around the heat exchange section 51, for example, silica gel, inside a closed vessel 50. It becomes. The heat exchanging unit 51 releases the heat of the adsorber 5 to the heat exchange fluid, and releases the heat of the heat exchange fluid to the adsorber 5. The adsorbent 52
Is to adsorb an adsorption medium (for example, water) by cooling, and desorb the adsorption medium by heating.

The condensing evaporator 6 is provided inside a closed container 60,
It contains a heat exchange section 61 through which a heat exchange fluid flows and water W as an adsorption medium. Note that the heat exchange unit 61 releases the heat of the condensing evaporator 6 to the heat exchange fluid or discharges the heat of the heat exchange fluid to the condensing evaporator 6. Also,
The sealed container 60 of the condensation evaporator 6 and the sealed container 50 of the adsorber 5
An opening / closing valve (opening / closing means) 43 that opens and closes the communication portion 55 is provided in the communication portion 55 with the communication device 55.

The heat exchange section 25 of the fuel cell 2 and the heat exchange section 51 of the adsorber 5 are connected in series by a fluid circuit A, and the heat exchange section 25 of the fuel cell 2 and the outdoor heat exchanger 8
a is connected in series by the fluid circuit B. Further, the heat exchange fluid can be circulated through the fluid circuits A and B by a water pump (pump means) 83a provided at a portion where the fluid circuits A and B overlap. The three-way switching valves 81a and 81b allow the heat exchange fluid to circulate in the fluid circuit A or B.

An outdoor heat exchanger (an outdoor heat exchanger for releasing heat of condensation to the outdoor air and for removing latent heat of evaporation from the outdoor air) 8c and a heat exchange section 61 of the condensing evaporator 6 are composed of a fluid circuit C The heat exchange unit 61 of the condensation evaporator 6 and the indoor heat exchanger 10b are connected in series by a fluid circuit D. Further, the heat exchange fluid can be circulated through the fluid circuits C and D by a water pump (pump means) 83c provided at a portion where the fluid circuits C and D overlap. The heat exchange fluid is circulated through the fluid circuit C or D by the three-way switching valves 81c and 82c.

The hydrogen tank 3 (hydrogen storage alloy 32)
And the outdoor heat exchanger 8b are connected to the fluid circuit E
Are connected in series by the heat exchanger 31 of the hydrogen tank 3.
And the indoor heat exchanger 10a are connected in series by a fluid circuit F. The heat exchange fluid can be circulated through the fluid circuits E and F by a water pump (pump means) 83b provided at a portion where the fluid circuits E and F overlap. The three-way switching valves 81b, 81b allow the heat exchange fluid to circulate in the fluid circuit E or F.

Here, the indoor heat exchangers 10a and 10b are
As shown in FIG. 3, a fluid pipe 12a through which a heat exchange fluid flows is provided on a plurality of plate-like fins 11 arranged in parallel.
2b is stabbed in a meandering shape. Here, FIG. 1 shows the indoor heat exchangers 10a and 10b completely separate from each other, but actually, as shown in FIG. 3, the fluid pipes 12a and 12b
Are separate bodies, and the plate-like fins 11 are shared.

A blower fan 100 for blowing indoor air is provided near the indoor heat exchangers 10a and 10b so that the air passing through the indoor heat exchangers 10a and 10b is sent to the vehicle interior. Has become. Note that the indoor heat exchanger 10b is disposed downstream of the indoor heat exchanger 10a in the air flow. In FIG. 1, at the inlet and outlet of the heat exchanging section 51 of the adsorber 5, temperature detectors (temperature detecting means) for detecting the temperatures T1 and T2 of the heat exchange fluid flowing through the inlet and outlet. 45 and 46 are provided.

Here, the fuel cell vehicle of the present embodiment is provided with an electric control device (control means) 200 shown in FIG. 4, and this electric control device 200 is provided with a fuel cell vehicle (motor 7 for driving the vehicle). ON / OFF signal of the start switch 201, the detection signals of the temperature detectors 45 and 46, and the cooling switch 20 for turning on / off the cooling in the vehicle compartment
2, the hydrogen pump 4, the water pumps 83a, 83b, 83c, the air pump 101, and the
Turns on and off the power supply to the blower fan 100 and the three-way switching valve 8
1a, 82a, 81b, 82b, 81c, 82c, and switching of the rotation position of the on-off valve 43 are performed. In addition, the electric control device 200 receives various other known signals and performs various known electric controls.

When the cooling switch 202 is on, the power supply to the blower fan 100 is turned on. When the cooling switch 202 is off, the power supply to the blower fan 100 is turned off. The blower fan 100 can switch the blower amount (fan rotation amount) in multiple stages by a blower switch (not shown). When the cooling switch 202 is on, the three-way switching valves 81b and 82b
As a solid line position, the heat exchange unit 31 of the hydrogen storage alloy 32 and the indoor heat exchanger 10a are connected in series, and the three-way switching valve 81
The heat exchange part 61 of the condensation evaporator 6 and the indoor heat exchanger 10b are connected in series with c and 82c being solid line positions in FIG.
When the cooling switch is off, the three-way switching valve 81
b and 82b are indicated by dotted lines in FIG.
The heat exchange unit 31 and the outdoor heat exchanger 8b are connected in series,
The heat exchange part 61 of the condensation evaporator 6 and the outdoor heat exchanger 8c are connected in series, with the three-way switching valves 81c and 82c being in the positions indicated by the dotted lines in FIG.

Further, a battery (not shown) is mounted independently of the fuel cell 2, and the battery is charged to a predetermined capacity when the vehicle is driven. Next, an operation when the cooling switch 202 is on in the above configuration will be described. When the cooling switch 202 is turned off, the above-described control is performed with priority over controls 1 to 3 described below. Further, after the start switch 201 is turned on, the electric control device 200 detects the temperatures T1 and T2 at predetermined time intervals (for example, one minute) and performs determinations in steps S1 to S3 described later. Has become.

First, when the start switch 201 of the vehicle is turned on, the electric power is supplied to the electric control device 200 from the battery, and the temperature detectors 45 and 46 start detecting the temperatures T1 and T2, and are shown in FIG. Control 1 is performed.
Specifically, the control 1 includes three-way switching valves 81a, 82a, 81
The turning positions of b, 82b, 81c, and 82c are set to the solid line positions in FIG. 1, and the opening / closing valve 43 is turned so as to open the communication portion 55, and the hydrogen pump 4, the water pumps 83a, 83b, and 8 are turned.
3c, energizing the air pump 101.

As a result, air is supplied to the groove 211 of the fuel cell 2 and hydrogen is supplied to the groove 212.
As a result, hydrogen (H ₂ ) is dissociated into hydrogen ions (H ⁺ ) and electrons (e ⁻ ) on the surface of the negative electrode 24 of the fuel cell 2, and the hydrogen ions diffuse into the electrolyte layer 23 and move to the positive electrode 22. Then, the electrons move to the positive electrode 22 through the external circuit (the motor 7 for driving the vehicle). And in the positive electrode 22,
Hydrogen ions and electrons react with oxygen (O ₂ ) to form water (H
₂ O). By such a process, the fuel cell 2
The power generation action of

At the same time, a heat exchange fluid at about room temperature (for example, 25 ° C.) flows through the heat exchange section 51 of the adsorber 5,
The adsorbent 52 is cooled to adsorb water, and the heat of adsorption is released to the heat exchange fluid to heat the heat exchange fluid. As shown in FIG. 6A, the outlet temperature T1 is higher than the inlet temperature T1.
2 is higher. The heated heat exchange fluid flows through the heat exchange unit 25 of the fuel cell 2 via the fluid circuit A, and radiates heat in the heat exchange unit 25 to heat the fuel cell 2.

As a result, immediately after the start switch 202 is turned on (immediately after the supply of hydrogen and oxygen to the fuel cell 2 starts, that is, immediately after the start of power generation of the fuel cell 2), the fuel cell 2 can be quickly warmed up. Since the above reaction can be favorably performed, sufficient power generation efficiency can be obtained quickly. In addition, it can be seen that the heat of adsorption when adsorbing the adsorption medium is released to the fuel cell 2, and as a result, the adsorption of the adsorption medium can be favorably continued.

After a predetermined period of time has elapsed since the start switch 202 was turned on, specifically, when the fuel cell 2 can generate power satisfactorily, the fuel cell 2 replaces the battery. Power is supplied to the electric control device 200. At the same time, charging of the battery is started. At the same time as the adsorption of water in the adsorber 5 is started, the pressure in the sealed containers 50 and 60 is reduced, and the evaporation of the water in the condensation evaporator 6 is started. At this time, the heat exchange fluid flowing through the heat exchange section 61 of the condensing evaporator 6 is deprived of the latent heat of evaporation by evaporation and is cooled, and the cooled heat exchange fluid absorbs heat from the indoor air in the indoor heat exchanger 10b. . Thereby, indoor air can be cooled.

In the hydrogen storage alloy 32, when hydrogen is released, the latent heat of release is taken from the surroundings.
Is cooled by being deprived of the latent heat of release, and the cooled heat exchange fluid is supplied to the indoor heat exchanger 10a.
In this case, heat is absorbed from room air. Thereby, indoor air can be cooled.

In this way, immediately after the start switch 202 is turned on (immediately after the hydrogen storage alloy 32 starts to release hydrogen, that is, immediately after the start of hydrogen release), the release latent heat and the evaporation latent heat are transferred to the cold heat source. As a result, the indoor air is cooled by the indoor heat exchangers 10a and 10b, so that the indoor air can be rapidly cooled and the indoor cooling can be rapidly performed as compared with the above-described conventional technology.

Here, it can be considered that the latent heat of evaporation is taken away from the indoor air by the indoor heat exchanger 10b. As a result, the evaporation of the adsorption medium can be satisfactorily continued. In addition, it can be seen that the indoor heat exchanger 10a removes the release latent heat from the indoor air. As a result, the release of hydrogen can be favorably continued.

The heat capacity of the adsorber 5 is small, and much of the latent heat of evaporation caused by the evaporation of water in the adsorber 5 can be used for cooling the heat exchange fluid flowing through the heat exchange section 51. Is large, most of the latent heat released by the release of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage alloy 32 is used for cooling the hydrogen storage alloy 32 itself, and the released latent heat cannot be used much for cooling the heat exchange fluid flowing through the heat exchange unit 31. . Therefore, immediately after the start of hydrogen release, the indoor heat exchanger 10b using the latent heat of evaporation as a cold heat source has a greater cooling capacity than the indoor heat exchanger 10a using the latent heat of release as a cold heat source.

On the other hand, since the indoor heat exchanger 10b is arranged on the downstream side of the air flow from the indoor heat exchanger 10a, immediately after the start of hydrogen release, the indoor heat exchanger having a large cooling capacity is provided. The room air cooled by 10b can be immediately blown out from the air outlet (not shown) in the room, and a cooling feeling can be given to the person in the room more quickly.

When the adsorption in the adsorber 5 is being executed, as shown in FIG.
The outlet temperature T2 is higher than the outlet temperature T2, but when the adsorption is completed, the inlet temperature T1 becomes equal to the outlet temperature T2 (time t1 in FIG. 6). During the period from turning on the cooling switch 202 to completion of the adsorption, the hydrogen storage alloy 32 itself is
Sufficient cooling can be achieved by the release latent heat. Therefore, when the adsorption is completed, most of the released latent heat can be used as a cooling source for indoor cooling, and the room can be reliably cooled only by the indoor heat exchanger 10a.

Then, the power generation of the fuel cell 2 is continued,
When the fuel cell 2 enters a steady power generation state, it generates reaction heat (heat generation) at the time of the chemical reaction in the fuel cell 2,
The temperature gradually rises. And after the adsorption is completed,
When the temperature at which water can be desorbed from the adsorbent 52 has been reached (for example, when the temperature has reached 100 ° C.), the fluid heated by the fuel cell 2 flows through the adsorber 5 in the adsorption completed state, thereby causing the adsorber 5 to operate. Heat is applied, and the adsorber 5 starts desorption of water. Along with this, the condensation evaporator 6 starts condensing water.

At this time, since the fluid flowing through the heat exchanger 51 of the adsorber 5 loses the heat of desorption due to the desorption of water, the inlet temperature T1 becomes higher than the outlet temperature T2. That is,
The determination result of step S1 in FIG. 5 is YES. At this time, control 2 shown in FIG. 5 is performed. Specifically, the control 2 switches the rotational positions of the three-way switching valves 81c and 82c to the dotted line positions in FIG. 1 to connect the heat exchange unit 61 of the condensation evaporator 6 and the outdoor heat exchanger 8c. As a result, the heat exchange fluid flowing through the heat exchange section 61 of the condensation evaporator 6 is heated by the heat of condensation caused by the condensation of water, and is heated by circulating the heated heat exchange fluid to the outdoor heat exchanger 8c. The heat exchange fluid dissipates heat.

Therefore, the heat of condensation can be released to the outdoor air by the outdoor heat exchanger 8c, so that the water can be satisfactorily condensed. Since the condensation heat is released to the outdoor air, the cooling of the indoor air (cooling of the room) is not hindered. Further, by heating the adsorber 5 by the heat generated by the fuel cell 2, the desorption of water can be favorably continued. In addition, it can be seen that the heat generated by the fuel cell 2 is taken away by the adsorber 5, and it is possible to suppress the fuel cell 2 from being abnormally high in temperature. Damage to the connector 21, the positive electrode 22, the electrolyte layer 23, the negative electrode 24, etc.) can be suppressed.

Thereafter, the state gradually converges to the desorption state, and at time t3 in FIG. 6, | T2-T1 | <ε (ε ≒
0, for example, ε = 0.5 ° C.) and d (T2−T1) /
dt> 0. That is, steps S2 and S2 in FIG.
The determination result of 3 is YES. At this time, it is determined that almost all the water has been desorbed from the adsorbent 52 of the adsorber 5 (desorption completed state), and the control 3 in FIG. 5 is performed.

[0045] The term "after the adsorption medium is desorbed from the adsorbent 52" also includes a state in which the adsorption medium slightly remains in the adsorbent 52. Also, immediately after switching from the adsorption state to the desorption state (time t2 in FIG. 6), | T2 −
T1 | <ε. At this time, as shown in FIG. 6 (c), since d (T2−T1) / dt <0, the determination result in S3 becomes NO and the control 2 is not performed. . Also,
d (T2-T1) / dt refers to the slope of the graph shown in FIG.

Specifically, the control 3 includes a three-way switching valve 81a,
82a is switched to the position indicated by the dotted line in FIG. 1, the communication portion 55 is closed by the on-off valve 43, and the water pump 8
The power supply to 3c is stopped. Thereby, the heat exchange unit 25 of the fuel cell 2 and the outdoor heat exchanger 8a are connected, and the heat exchange fluid heated by the heat generated by the fuel cell 2 is radiated by the outdoor heat exchanger 8a. I have. Therefore, even after the desorption of water is completed, heat generated when the fuel cell 2 is in the power generation steady state can be released to the outdoor air, and damage to the fuel cell 2 can be suppressed.

When the start switch 202 is turned off, the hydrogen pump 4, the water pumps 83a, 83
b, Stop the energization of the air pump 101. And since the communication part 55 is closed in the state where the desorption of the adsorber 5 is completed, the desorbed state of the adsorber 5 can be maintained until the start switch 201 is turned on again. When the cooling switch 202 is off and the water evaporates in the condensing evaporator 6, the evaporation heat of the water is favorably continued by removing the latent heat of evaporation from the outdoor air by the outdoor heat exchanger 8c. Let it.

When the cooling switch 202 is off and hydrogen is released from the hydrogen storage alloy 32, the latent heat is released from the outdoor air by the outdoor heat exchanger 8b to release the hydrogen. To continue well. The hydrogen tank 3 (hydrogen storage alloy) is deprived of latent heat of release by the release of hydrogen and cooled. If the cooling is excessive, the release of hydrogen from the hydrogen storage alloy 32 is hindered, and there is a possibility that the hydrogen cannot be satisfactorily supplied to the fuel cell 2. On the other hand, the cooling switch 202
Is on, the indoor heat exchanger 10a removes the latent heat released from the indoor air. When the cooling switch 202 is off, the outdoor heat exchanger 8b removes the released latent heat from the outdoor air. it can.

Here, in the present embodiment, the temperature detectors 45 and 46 and the electric control device 200 for determining the steps S1 to S3 are used to detect the adsorption and desorption of the adsorption medium (water) in the adsorber 5. Means. In addition, the electric control device 200 constitutes a detection unit that detects on / off of the cooling switch 202. Further, the electric control device 200 constitutes the following control means.

When the detection means detects that the desorption of the adsorption medium has been completed, the on-off valve 43 closes the communication portion 55, and the detection means starts the release of hydrogen (= the power generation of the fuel cell 2). Is detected (when the start switch 201 is turned on in the present embodiment), the opening / closing valve 43 opens the communication portion 55. When the detection means detects the adsorption of the adsorption medium, the heat exchange unit 61 of the condensation evaporator 6 and the indoor heat exchanger 10b
(That is, the indoor air is cooled using the latent heat of evaporation of the adsorbing medium in the condensing evaporator 6 as a cold heat source), and when the detection means detects the desorption of the adsorbing medium, the condensing evaporator 6 Heat exchanger 61 and outdoor heat exchanger 8c
(That is, the heat of condensation resulting from the condensation of the adsorption medium in the condensation evaporator 6 is released to the outdoor air by the outdoor heat exchanger 8c).

The cooling switch 202 is detected by the detecting means.
Is turned on, the heat exchange unit 61 of the condensing evaporator 6 is connected to the indoor heat exchanger 10b (that is, the indoor air is used as a cold heat source by using the latent heat of evaporation by the evaporation of the adsorption medium in the condensing evaporator 6). When the detection means detects that the cooling switch 202 is turned off, the heat exchange unit 61 of the condensation evaporator 6 is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger 8c (that is, the adsorption in the condensation evaporator 6). The latent heat of evaporation due to the evaporation of the medium is removed from the outdoor air by the outdoor heat exchanger 8c.)
Control means.

When the detecting means detects the adsorption or desorption of the adsorption medium, the heat exchange section 2 of the fuel cell 2
5 and the heat exchanger 51 of the adsorber 5 are connected (the fuel cell 2 is heated by the heat of adsorption of the adsorption medium, or the heat generated by the fuel cell 2 is released as heat of desorption of the adsorption medium). When the detection means detects that the desorption of the adsorption medium is completed, the heat exchange unit 25 of the fuel cell 2 and the outdoor heat exchanger 8a
(Discharge the heat generated by the fuel cell 2 to the outdoor air).

(Second Embodiment) In this embodiment, FIG.
As shown in the figure, the hydrogen tank 3 is provided with a first heat exchange section 311 and a second heat exchange section 312, and the first heat exchange section 31
Around the first and second heat exchange sections 312, the hydrogen storage alloy 3
2 is arranged. In addition, the indoor heat exchanger 10b, the fluid circuit D, the outdoor heat exchanger 8c in the first embodiment,
Fluid circuit C, pump 83c, three-way switching valves 81c, 82c
Has been abolished. Then, the first heat exchange unit 311 and the heat exchange unit 61 of the condensation evaporator 6 are connected in series by the fluid circuit G, and the second heat exchange unit 312 and the indoor heat exchanger 10a are connected to each other.
The fluid circuit F is connected in series, and the second heat exchange unit 312 and the outdoor heat exchanger 8b are connected in series by a fluid circuit E.

The fluid circuit G has a water pump (pump means) 441 for circulating fluid through the fluid circuit G.
Is provided. The water pump 441 is controlled to be turned on and off by the electric control device 200 (see FIG. 4). Then, the cooling switch 202 (see FIG. 4)
Is turned on and the start switch 201 (see FIG. 4) is turned on, the rotary positions of the three-way switching valves 81b and 82b are set to the solid line positions in FIG. 7, and the pumps 441 and 442 are energized to condense and evaporate. In the vessel 6, the water is evaporated. As a result,
The heat exchange fluid flowing through the heat exchange unit 61 of the condensation evaporator 6 is cooled by the latent heat of vaporization of the water, and the cooled heat exchange fluid is caused to flow to the first heat exchange unit 311 via the fluid circuit G, thereby producing hydrogen. The storage alloy 32 can be cooled. Therefore, the fluid flowing through the second heat exchange section 32 of the hydrogen storage alloy 32 can be cooled by the cold heat of the hydrogen storage alloy 32 and the released latent heat,
Using the cold heat of the heat exchange fluid as a cold heat source, the room air can be cooled more rapidly than before.

When water condenses in the condensing evaporator 6, the condensation heat is released to the hydrogen storage alloy 32 via the heat exchange fluid flowing through the fluid circuit G, so that the water condenses satisfactorily. Can be done. The supercooling of the hydrogen storage alloy 32 can be suppressed, and the release of hydrogen can be favorably continued. Then, when the determination results in steps S1 to S3 are YES, the power supply to the pump 441 is stopped. For operations other than those described above,
Since it is the same as the first embodiment, the description is omitted.

(Third Embodiment) In the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the indoor heat exchanger 10a and the indoor heat exchanger 10b are provided separately, but as shown in FIG. In the present embodiment, only the indoor heat exchanger 10 is provided. Specifically, in a case where a large number of plate-like fins 11 are arranged in parallel,
A fluid pipe 12 through which a heat exchange fluid flows is stabbed in a meandering shape. Then, the fluid pipe 12 and the heat exchange section 61 of the condensing evaporator 6 are connected in series by a fluid circuit D, and the fluid pipe 12 and the heat exchange section 31 of the hydrogen tank 3 (hydrogen storage alloy 32) are connected to each other by a fluid circuit. They are connected in series by F. The three-way switching valves 47 and 48 control the fluid circuit D or F
Then, a heat exchange fluid is circulated.

Then, a heat exchange fluid is supplied to the fluid circuit D for a predetermined time after the release of hydrogen is started (after the cooling switch 202 is turned on and the start switch 201 is turned on). The room air is cooled using the latent heat of vaporization of water as a cold heat source. After a predetermined time has elapsed, a heat exchange fluid is caused to flow through the fluid circuit F to cool the room air using the latent heat of hydrogen release as a cold heat source. Here, the predetermined time is a period during which water is being evaporated in the condensation evaporator 6 (that is, a period in which water is being adsorbed in the adsorber 5), in other words, the hydrogen storage alloy 32. Due to the release latent heat and the latent heat of evaporation,
This is until cooling to a predetermined temperature (for example, ° C).

Since the condenser evaporator 6 has a small heat capacity, immediately after the start of water evaporation, the latent heat of evaporation is not so much used for cooling the condenser evaporator 6 itself, and the hydrogen storage alloy 32 has a large heat capacity. Therefore, immediately after the start of hydrogen release, the released latent heat is mainly used for cooling the hydrogen storage alloy 32 itself. Therefore, immediately after the start of the release of hydrogen, by cooling the indoor air using the latent heat of vaporization as a cold heat source, the indoor air can be cooled more rapidly than in the above-described conventional technology, and the indoor cooling is rapidly performed. be able to.

(Other Embodiments) In the present embodiment, the fluid temperature T1 flowing through the inlet and outlet of the heat exchanger 51 of the adsorber 5 is
The adsorption and desorption of the adsorption medium (water) in the adsorber 5 is detected by T2 and the electric control device 200 which makes the determinations in steps S1 to S3. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The above detection may be performed by various detection means.

In the first and second embodiments, the cooling device of the present invention is applied to a fuel cell vehicle. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be applied to other various cases. Is also good.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic overall configuration diagram of a fuel cell vehicle according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the fuel cell according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of the indoor heat exchanger according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is an electric control block diagram according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an operation according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 (a) is a graph showing changes in the inlet temperature T1 and the outlet temperature T2 of the heat exchanger of the adsorber with respect to time t;
(B) is a graph showing the change of T2-T1 with respect to time t, and (c) is a graph showing the change of d (T2-T1) / dt with respect to time t.

FIG. 7 is a schematic partial configuration diagram of a fuel cell vehicle according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram of an indoor heat exchanger according to a third embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

2 ... fuel cell, 32 ... hydrogen storage alloy, 5 ... adsorber, 52
... adsorbent, 6 ... condensing evaporator, 10a, 10b ... indoor heat exchanger.

Claims (7)

[Claims] A large number of adsorbents (5) that adsorb the adsorption medium by being cooled and desorb the adsorption medium by being heated.
An adsorber (5) provided with 2), the adsorber (5) being connected to the adsorber (5), an adsorbent medium being built therein, and evaporating the adsorbent medium when the adsorbent (52) adsorbs the adsorbent medium; A condensing evaporator (6) for condensing the adsorbent medium when the adsorbent (52) desorbs the adsorbent medium
A hydrogen storage alloy that absorbs hydrogen when cooled or pressurized and releases hydrogen when heated or decompressed (32)
And an indoor heat exchanger (10a, 10b, 10) for cooling indoor air using the latent heat of release of the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage alloy (32) as a cold source, and immediately after the start of the release of the hydrogen. A cooling device for cooling indoor air by the indoor heat exchangers (10a, 10b, 10), using latent heat of evaporation by evaporation of the adsorption medium in the condensation evaporator (6) as a cold heat source. 2. Immediately after the start of hydrogen release, the indoor heat exchanger (10) uses the latent heat of release by the release of hydrogen and the latent heat of vaporization by evaporation of the adsorption medium as cold heat sources.
The cooling device according to claim 1, wherein the indoor air is cooled by (a, 10b, 10). 3. A large number of adsorbents (5) that adsorb the adsorption medium by being cooled and desorb the adsorption medium by being heated.
An adsorber (5) provided with 2), the adsorber (5) being connected to the adsorber (5), an adsorbent medium being built therein, and evaporating the adsorbent medium when the adsorbent (52) adsorbs the adsorbent medium; A condensing evaporator (6) for condensing the adsorbent medium when the adsorbent (52) desorbs the adsorbent medium
A hydrogen storage alloy that absorbs hydrogen when cooled or pressurized and releases hydrogen when heated or decompressed (32)
And an indoor heat exchanger (10a) for cooling indoor air using latent heat of release of the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage alloy (32) as a cold heat source, and immediately after the start of the release of the hydrogen, the condensation evaporator. The hydrogen storage alloy (32) is cooled by the latent heat of vaporization due to the evaporation of the adsorption medium in (6), so that the hydrogen storage alloy (32) is added to the latent heat of release of hydrogen.
The indoor heat exchanger (10a) also using the cold heat of the indoor heat exchanger as a cold heat source.
A cooling device characterized by cooling indoor air by means of: 4. An outdoor heat exchanger (8c) for releasing heat of condensation when the adsorption medium condenses in the condensation evaporator (6) to outdoor air.
4. The cooling device according to any one of items 1 to 3. 5. A fuel cell (2) for generating electricity by reacting hydrogen supplied from the hydrogen storage alloy (32) with an oxidant.
A cooling device used in combination with the above, wherein immediately after the start of the release of the hydrogen, the adsorption medium is adsorbed by the adsorber (5), and the fuel cell (2) is heated by the heat of adsorption at this time. The cooling device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: 6. When the fuel cell (2) is in a power generation steady state, the condensing evaporator (6) is heated by heat generated by the fuel cell (2) to desorb the adsorption medium. The cooling device according to claim 5, wherein: 7. A communication part (55) between the adsorber (5) and the condensation evaporator (6) is provided with opening / closing means (43) for opening and closing the communication part (55). The cooling device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the communication portion (55) is closed by the opening / closing means (43) after the adsorption medium is desorbed from the adsorbent (52). .