JPH0367455A - Electric discharge tube device - Google Patents
Electric discharge tube deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0367455A JPH0367455A JP18036890A JP18036890A JPH0367455A JP H0367455 A JPH0367455 A JP H0367455A JP 18036890 A JP18036890 A JP 18036890A JP 18036890 A JP18036890 A JP 18036890A JP H0367455 A JPH0367455 A JP H0367455A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- discharge tube
- discharge
- enclosure
- tube
- visible light
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- -1 aluminum halide Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- KLRHPHDUDFIRKB-UHFFFAOYSA-M indium(i) bromide Chemical compound [Br-].[In+] KLRHPHDUDFIRKB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- JTDNNCYXCFHBGG-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(ii) iodide Chemical compound I[Sn]I JTDNNCYXCFHBGG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 101100459438 Caenorhabditis elegans nac-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021579 Iron(II) iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101150065399 WOX4 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- RCJVRSBWZCNNQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloridooxygen Chemical compound ClOCl RCJVRSBWZCNNQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002070 germicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BQZGVMWPHXIKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(ii) iodide Chemical compound [Fe+2].[I-].[I-] BQZGVMWPHXIKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052743 krypton Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton atom Chemical compound [Kr] DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000476 molybdenum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002835 noble gases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YHBDIEWMOMLKOO-UHFFFAOYSA-I pentachloroniobium Chemical compound Cl[Nb](Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl YHBDIEWMOMLKOO-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- CMJCEVKJYRZMIA-UHFFFAOYSA-M thallium(i) iodide Chemical compound [Tl]I CMJCEVKJYRZMIA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/12—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature
- H01J61/125—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature having an halogenide as principal component
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J65/00—Lamps without any electrode inside the vessel; Lamps with at least one main electrode outside the vessel
- H01J65/04—Lamps in which a gas filling is excited to luminesce by an external electromagnetic field or by external corpuscular radiation, e.g. for indicating plasma display panels
- H01J65/042—Lamps in which a gas filling is excited to luminesce by an external electromagnetic field or by external corpuscular radiation, e.g. for indicating plasma display panels by an external electromagnetic field
- H01J65/046—Lamps in which a gas filling is excited to luminesce by an external electromagnetic field or by external corpuscular radiation, e.g. for indicating plasma display panels by an external electromagnetic field the field being produced by using capacitive means around the vessel
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
- Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
- Discharge Lamp (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
[産業上の利用分野]
本発明は放電管装置に関し、特に光源として使用する装
置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a discharge tube device, and more particularly to a device used as a light source.
[従来の技術]
例えばヨーロッパ特許第0225753A2号(カリフ
ォルニア大学)に開示されているような電磁表面波を使
用して気体内で低圧放電を生じ且つ維持するものが知ら
れている。表面波は、気体を収容している放電管の全長
に亘って延設されてはいないが、放電管の外側の回りに
位置する供電装置(ランチャ−としても知られている)
によって生じる。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION It is known to use electromagnetic surface waves to create and maintain low pressure electrical discharges in gases, as disclosed for example in European Patent No. 0225753A2 (University of California). The surface waves do not extend the entire length of the discharge tube containing the gas, but are applied to a power supply device (also known as a launcher) located around the outside of the discharge tube.
caused by
このような装置では、放電管の内部に電極を設ける必要
はない。電磁波を発生する電力は無線周波電力発生器で
得る。In such a device, there is no need to provide electrodes inside the discharge tube. The power for generating electromagnetic waves is obtained from a radio frequency power generator.
このような装置を可視光源或いは紫外線光源として使用
することが提起された。可視光源とするためには、放電
管は不活性ガスと水銀気相(例えばアルゴンガスと水銀
気相)の混合物を封入し且つ放電管の内面に254nm
紫外線放射を可視光に変換する燐を塗っである一般的蛍
光灯放電管であるのがよい。紫外線光源とするためには
、放電管は石英ガラス製であって不活性ガスと水銀気相
の混合物を封入しているが、燐は塗っていない一般的な
殺菌ランプまたは硬化ランプの放電管であるのがよい。It has been proposed to use such devices as visible or ultraviolet light sources. To provide a visible light source, the discharge tube is filled with a mixture of an inert gas and a mercury vapor phase (e.g., argon gas and mercury vapor phase), and a 254-nm light beam is placed on the inner surface of the discharge tube.
It may be a common fluorescent lamp discharge tube coated with phosphor which converts ultraviolet radiation into visible light. To use as an ultraviolet light source, the discharge tube must be a typical germicidal or curing lamp discharge tube made of quartz glass and filled with a mixture of inert gas and mercury vapor, but not coated with phosphorus. It's good to have one.
しかし可視光を得るのに蛍光灯タイプの放電管゛装置を
使用するには不利益な点がある。上記したように、不活
性ガスと水銀気相の混合物を封入する放電管は主として
紫外線を生じるので紫外線を可視光に変えるために燐を
使用しなければならない。このプロセスの時に紫外線量
子のエネルギーの約半分が損失する。However, there are disadvantages to using fluorescent lamp type discharge tube devices to obtain visible light. As mentioned above, discharge tubes containing a mixture of inert gas and mercury vapor primarily produce ultraviolet light, and phosphorus must be used to convert the ultraviolet light into visible light. Approximately half of the energy of the UV quanta is lost during this process.
理論的には、可視光を発する低圧放電を得るために揮発
性金属ハロゲン化物を使用することが可能である。その
ような金属ハロゲン化物は非常に反応性が高いのである
が、無電極放電管装置のあるタイプのものにおいてそれ
らを使用することに関して調査した。In theory, it is possible to use volatile metal halides to obtain low-pressure discharges that emit visible light. Although such metal halides are highly reactive, their use in certain types of electrodeless discharge vessel devices has been investigated.
E放電(誘導結合放電としても知られている)装置にお
いては、放電は変圧器の二次側を形成する単一ループと
して生じ、−次側は高い透磁率のコアを有するコイルで
形成される。この態様で作動される低圧金属ハロゲン化
物放電は広範囲の不安定性を生じ、従って光源としては
実用的でないことが判明した。In E-discharge (also known as inductively coupled discharge) devices, the discharge occurs as a single loop forming the secondary of the transformer, the secondary being formed by a coil with a core of high magnetic permeability. . It has been found that low pressure metal halide discharges operated in this manner produce extensive instabilities and are therefore impractical as light sources.
E放電装置では、放電管は高周波源で励振されるコンデ
ンサ板の間に配置される。しかし放電を維持する電流は
変位電流として放電管のガラス壁またはシリカ製壁を介
して流れなければならず従って充分な電力を持つ放電を
生じるのが困難である。励振周波によって電流は増大し
、従ってガラス壁またはシリカ製壁による誘電損も増加
し、放電管の壁による重大な電力損の結果をもたらす。In E-discharge devices, the discharge tube is placed between capacitor plates excited with a high frequency source. However, the current that sustains the discharge must flow as a displacement current through the glass or silica walls of the discharge vessel, making it difficult to produce a discharge with sufficient power. The excitation frequency increases the current and therefore the dielectric losses through the glass or silica walls, resulting in significant power losses through the walls of the discharge vessel.
無電極放電の他のタイプのものとしては「超高周波」放
電が知られている。このような放電においては、励振源
の波長は放電寸法よりも短いか或いはそれに匹敵する。Another type of electrodeless discharge is known as a "very high frequency" discharge. In such discharges, the wavelength of the excitation source is shorter than or comparable to the discharge dimension.
このような放電については多年に亘って調査が行われて
きたが発電と形状の手段の問題があって商業的に実用し
得る光源としての可能性は得られなかった。Research on such discharges has been carried out for many years, but problems with the means of power generation and shape have prevented it from becoming a commercially viable light source.
低圧金属ハロゲン化物封入を使用する上記3件の先行技
術の態様で作動する放電は、悪い条件のもとでは放電管
の壁に付着する触毛を形成する傾向にあることが判明し
た。これは強力な局部的熱いスポットを生じ、従って光
源が駄目になる。また発生した放電が不安定であり且つ
発電器に変動負荷を与えるので整合の困難性を生じる。It has been found that discharges operating in the three prior art embodiments using low pressure metal halide encapsulation tend to form tentacles that adhere to the walls of the discharge vessel under adverse conditions. This creates strong localized hot spots and thus spoils the light source. Also, the generated discharge is unstable and presents a fluctuating load on the generator, creating matching difficulties.
更に、放電装置の使用中に、放電を励振し且つ維持する
構造自体が放電を暗くし、従って観察者の光量を低減す
る。Furthermore, during use of the discharge device, the structure that excites and sustains the discharge itself darkens the discharge and thus reduces the amount of light for the observer.
[発明が解決しようとする課題]
本発明の目的は、少なくとも上記の種々の問題を避は得
る光源として使用する放電管を提供することである。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] An object of the present invention is to provide a discharge tube used as a light source that avoids at least the various problems described above.
[課題を解決するための手段]
本発明の第1の特徴は透光性誘電材製の壁を有する放電
管から可視光を発生する方法であって、放電管は、金属
ハロゲン化物と金属オキシハロゲン化物からなる群から
選択した少なくとも1種の化合物からなる封入物を封入
し、上記方法が、上記封入物の表面波を励振させるのに
充分な電力で放電管の壁の一部に亘って無線周波(r、
1.)電界を印加する段階からなり、それによって封入
物が励振されて可視光を発する。[Means for Solving the Problems] A first feature of the present invention is a method of generating visible light from a discharge tube having a wall made of a light-transmitting dielectric material, the discharge tube comprising a metal halide and a metal oxide. encapsulating an enclosure consisting of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of halides, wherein the method comprises applying power over a portion of the wall of the discharge vessel with sufficient power to excite surface waves in the enclosure; radio frequency (r,
1. ) Applying an electric field, which excites the inclusion to emit visible light.
発明者は、電極無しの放電管において表面波を使用して
放電を励振することで安定で良好に作用する低圧金属ハ
ロゲン化物放電を達成するのが可能であることを発見し
た。金属ハロゲン化物は少なくとも部分的に解離し、光
は分離した原子と分子の両方から可視光域で発せられる
。金属オキシハロゲン化物は金属ハロゲン化物に似た行
動をとるものと考えられる。The inventors have discovered that it is possible to achieve a stable and well-functioning low-pressure metal halide discharge by exciting the discharge using surface waves in an electrodeless discharge vessel. Metal halides are at least partially dissociated and light is emitted in the visible range from both the separated atoms and molecules. Metal oxyhalides are thought to behave similarly to metal halides.
本発明の第2の特徴は可視光を発する放電管装置であっ
て、該装置は透光性誘電材製の壁を有する放電管からな
り、該放電管は金属ハロゲン化物と金属オキシハロゲン
化物からなる群から選択した少なくとも1種類の化合物
からなる封入物を封入し、該装置は更に上記封入物の表
面波を励振させるのに充分な電力で上記放電管の壁の一
部に亘って無線周波(r、f、)電界を印加する手段を
含み、それによって、使用において封入物が励振されて
可視光を発する。A second feature of the present invention is a discharge tube device that emits visible light, the device comprising a discharge tube having walls made of a light-transmitting dielectric material, the discharge tube being made of metal halides and metal oxyhalides. an enclosure comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of: the device further transmitting radio frequency waves across a portion of the wall of the discharge vessel with sufficient power to excite surface waves in the enclosure; It includes means for applying an (r,f,) electric field, which in use excites the inclusion to emit visible light.
本発明のこの特徴による放電管装置は、本発明の上記第
1の特徴による方法で可視光を発するのに使用できる。A discharge tube device according to this feature of the invention can be used to emit visible light in a method according to the above first feature of the invention.
無線周波電界を印加する手段が無線周波電力発生器とラ
ンチャ−とから成るのが好ましい。従ってこの印加手段
は、放電を実質的に暗くしないように配設することがで
きまた放電自体も、使用する電力に従って、センチメー
トルからメートルまでの大きさの長さ及びミリメートル
からセンチメートルまでの大きさの径を有する。Preferably, the means for applying a radio frequency electric field comprises a radio frequency power generator and a launcher. This application means can therefore be arranged so as not to substantially darken the discharge, and the discharge itself can also vary in length from centimeters to meters and from millimeters to centimeters, depending on the power used. It has a diameter of
[実施例]
本発明の実施例を単なる例として添付図面を参照して説
明する。Embodiments Embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
第1図に図示のごとく、放電管装置はランチャ−22に
装着された放電管20からなる。放電管20は、ガラス
のような透光性誘電材料で形成され、封入物24を封入
している。As shown in FIG. 1, the discharge tube device consists of a discharge tube 20 mounted on a launcher 22. The discharge tube 20 is formed of a transparent dielectric material such as glass and encloses an enclosure 24 .
ランチャ−22は真鍮のような電導材料製であり、内管
26と外管28からなる共軸構造体として形成されてい
る。外管の一端にある第1の板30はランチャ−構造体
の第1の端壁をなす。外管28の他端にあって該外管と
一体の第2の板31は第2の端壁をなす。内管26は外
管28よりも短く、第1の環状ギャップ32と第2の環
状ギャップ33を形成するように外管28内に位置され
ている。第1の板30と、第2の板31の各々は放電管
20を受容する開口を有している。外管28と、第の板
30と、第2の板31と、が連続電導回廊パスを形成す
るが、無線周波遮蔽構造体をその回りに作るような内管
26との電気的接触はしない。Launcher 22 is made of a conductive material such as brass and is formed as a coaxial structure consisting of an inner tube 26 and an outer tube 28. A first plate 30 at one end of the outer tube forms the first end wall of the launcher structure. A second plate 31 located at the other end of the outer tube 28 and integral with the outer tube forms a second end wall. The inner tube 26 is shorter than the outer tube 28 and is positioned within the outer tube 28 so as to form a first annular gap 32 and a second annular gap 33 . Each of the first plate 30 and the second plate 31 has an opening for receiving the discharge tube 20. The outer tube 28, the first plate 30, and the second plate 31 form a continuous conductive corridor path but do not make electrical contact with the inner tube 26 to create a radio frequency shielding structure around it. .
第1図のランチャ−の適切な寸法は下記の通りである。Suitable dimensions for the launcher of FIG. 1 are as follows.
ランチャ−の長さ 7〜20mm
ランチャ−の径 25〜35mm5(外管28の
径) 但し放電管2oのサイズによる。Launcher length: 7 to 20 mm Launcher diameter: 25 to 35 mm5 (diameter of outer tube 28) However, it depends on the size of the discharge tube 2o.
内管26の長さ 3〜18mm内管26の径
13mm5
但し放電管20のサイ
ズによる。Length of inner tube 26: 3 to 18 mm Diameter of inner tube 26
13mm5 However, it depends on the size of the discharge tube 20.
ランチギャップ(第1 0.!+〜3mmのギャップ
32)の長さ
第2のギャップ33の長さ 1〜10mm導電材の厚さ
は使用する構成方法によってミリメートル或いはそれ以
下の厚さである。Length of launch gap (first gap 32 of 0.!+-3 mm) Length of second gap 33 1-10 mm The thickness of the conductive material may be millimeters or less depending on the construction method used.
無線周波電力発生器34(略図で図示)は、同軸ケーブ
ル35及びインピーダンス整合ネットワーク36(略図
で図示のごとくコンデンサ37と誘導子38とからなる
)によってランチャ−22の内管26と電気接続してい
る。無線周波電力発生器34と、インピーダンス整合ネ
ットワーク36と、同軸ケーブル35と、ランチャ−2
2と、で無線周波動力励振装置を構成して封入物に供電
して放電を生じる。A radio frequency power generator 34 (schematically shown) is electrically connected to the inner tube 26 of the launcher 22 by a coaxial cable 35 and an impedance matching network 36 (schematically shown consisting of a capacitor 37 and an inductor 38). There is. Radio frequency power generator 34, impedance matching network 36, coaxial cable 35, and launcher 2
2 constitutes a radio frequency power excitation device, and supplies electricity to the enclosure to generate discharge.
ランチャ−22の内部の誘電材の本体40は、ギャップ
32.33のサイズを維持し且つ内管26を適切な位置
に保持するような構造素子として設けられる。この本体
40はまたランチャ−の作動開始または他の目的を容易
にするためにギャップ32.33内の電界の整形にも役
立つ。無線周波数での低損を出す適切な誘電材料はガラ
ス、石英及びポリテトラフルオロエチレン(P T F
E)である。他の方法として、ランチャ−を部分的に
或いは完全に空気封入とすることもできるが、但し内管
を支持する手段を設けることが条件となる。The body 40 of dielectric material inside the launcher 22 is provided as a structural element to maintain the size of the gaps 32, 33 and to hold the inner tube 26 in position. This body 40 also serves to shape the electric field within the gap 32, 33 to facilitate launcher activation or other purposes. Suitable dielectric materials that provide low loss at radio frequencies include glass, quartz, and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTF).
E). Alternatively, the launcher may be partially or completely air-filled, provided that means are provided to support the inner tube.
無線周波電力発生器34をONにすると、典型的にはI
MHz乃至IGHzの範囲の周波数の振動電界がランチ
ャ−22の内部に設定される。この電界は、第1と第2
のギャップ32.33において放電管20の長手方向の
軸と平行である。充分な電力が印加されると、その結果
として封入物24に生じる電界は放電を生じるのに充分
であり、該放電によって、ヨーロッパ特許第02257
53A2号の装置と同様の方法で電磁表面波が伝播され
る。When the radio frequency power generator 34 is turned on, typically I
An oscillating electric field with a frequency in the MHz to IGHz range is set up inside the launcher 22. This electric field is
parallel to the longitudinal axis of the discharge vessel 20 in the gaps 32,33. When sufficient power is applied, the resulting electric field in the enclosure 24 is sufficient to cause an electrical discharge, which causes the European Patent No. 02257
Electromagnetic surface waves are propagated in a manner similar to the device of No. 53A2.
従って無線周波電力発生器34で動力を与えられたラン
チャ−22は封入物に放電を生じ且つそれを維持し、放
電の長さと明るさは、とりわけ放電管20のサイズ及び
無線周波電力発生器34で印加される動力に依存する。The launcher 22 powered by the radio frequency power generator 34 thus creates and maintains a discharge in the enclosure, the length and brightness of the discharge depending, inter alia, on the size of the discharge tube 20 and the radio frequency power generator 34. depends on the power applied at
従ってこのような放電管装置は光源として使用できる。Such a discharge tube device can therefore be used as a light source.
可視光を発する放電管を得るためには、封入物24を、
金属ハロゲン化物と金属オキシハロゲン化物からなる群
から選択した化合物と、アルゴンのような希ガスとから
なるものとする。水銀も添加する。In order to obtain a discharge tube that emits visible light, the enclosure 24 is
It shall consist of a compound selected from the group consisting of metal halides and metal oxyhalides, and a rare gas such as argon. Mercury is also added.
発明者は、塩化アルミニウム(AIICl 3 )と希
ガス即ちアルゴン(Ar)とを含有する封入物を試して
みた。この封入物は、表面波で励振されると可視光を発
する安定放電を生じることが判明した。The inventors have tried fills containing aluminum chloride (AIICl 3 ) and a noble gas, argon (Ar). This inclusion was found to produce a stable discharge that emits visible light when excited by surface waves.
チタンや鉄やニオブのような周期表の遷移シリーズから
の金属のハロゲン化物の使用が有利である。これらのハ
ロゲン化物は放電管の壁の作動温度で放電を生じさせ得
る蒸気圧を生じるのに充分な揮発性を持っている。これ
らは電子衝撃で解離される。その結果として励振された
原子、イオン及び分子が放射を発し、金属原子は可視光
域全体に亘る放射を起こす多くの比較的低いエネギーレ
ベルを有している。The use of halides of metals from the transition series of the periodic table, such as titanium, iron or niobium, is advantageous. These halides are sufficiently volatile to generate vapor pressures capable of producing a discharge at the operating temperature of the walls of the discharge vessel. These are dissociated by electron bombardment. As a result, the excited atoms, ions and molecules emit radiation; metal atoms have many relatively low energy levels that cause radiation throughout the visible range.
ネオジム(Nd )及びその他の希土類金属のハロゲン
化物もまた励振されると可視光域全体に亘って放射を生
じる。これらは比較的不揮発性であるが他の金属ハロゲ
ン化物と錯体を形成することができる(錯化剤として知
られている)。形成された錯体の蒸気圧は10’の因数
であって希土類金属ハロゲン化物のものより大きい。こ
の錯体は、例えば、250℃までのランプの点灯温度で
約1O−3トルを超える総蒸気圧を持つはずである。錯
化剤の例としては、下記のハロゲン化物(即ち塩化物、
臭化物、或いは沃化物で、XはCj!、BrまたはIで
ある)がある。即ちアルミニウム(AIXi)インジウ
ム(InX、)、ガリウム(GaX3)、錫(SnX4
)、チタン(TiX4)並びに塩化第二鉄(m) (
Fe 2 C1b )化合物がある。Neodymium (Nd) and other rare earth metal halides also produce radiation throughout the visible light range when excited. These are relatively non-volatile but can form complexes with other metal halides (known as complexing agents). The vapor pressure of the complex formed is a factor of 10' greater than that of the rare earth metal halide. The complex should have a total vapor pressure of greater than about 1 O-3 Torr, for example, at lamp operating temperatures up to 250<0>C. Examples of complexing agents include the following halides (i.e. chlorides,
Bromide or iodide, and X is Cj! , Br or I). Namely, aluminum (AIXi), indium (InX), gallium (GaX3), tin (SnX4),
), titanium (TiX4) and ferric chloride (m) (
There is a Fe 2 C1b) compound.
錯体としては、Na AJ C16(Na C13とA
lc13の錯体)及びNa AlCl4 (Na C
1とAJ C13の錯体)がある。As a complex, Na AJ C16 (Na C13 and A
complex of lc13) and NaAlCl4 (NaC
1 and AJ C13).
発明者は、下記の混合物を含有する封入物から表面波に
よって安定放電が発生されると考えた。The inventor believed that a stable discharge could be generated by surface waves from an enclosure containing the following mixture.
沃化錫(II) (Sn I2)十沃化ナトリウム(
Na I)+AlC13+Ar ;
Aj! B+ 、+Sn C12+塩化ニオブ(V)
(Nb CJ5)+Ar :
臭化インジウム(I) (In Br ) +AI
C13+Ar ;
沃化タリウム(Tj’ I) +AA’ C13+Ar
;Sn CA! 、 +AJ Br 、+Ar
;沃化鉄(II) (Fe I2 ) +AA’
Br 3+Ar ;TI I+Na I+Fe 12
+Aj! C13+Ar ;Na I+AA’ B
r 、+A+ ;TI I+Na I+Fe I2
+AI Br 3 +Ar ;In I+AA’ B
+ 3゜
アルゴンは、蒸気圧全体を増大するのに使用し、これは
ネオンやヘリウムやまたはクリプトンのような他の希ガ
スに替えることができる。Tin(II) iodide (Sn I2) Sodium decaiodide (
NaI)+AlC13+Ar; Aj! B+, +Sn C12+niobium chloride (V)
(Nb CJ5) + Ar: Indium (I) bromide (In Br) + AI
C13+Ar; Thallium iodide (Tj' I) +AA'C13+Ar
;Sn CA! , +AJBr, +Ar
;Iron(II) iodide (Fe I2) +AA'
Br 3+Ar; TI I+Na I+Fe 12
+Aj! C13+Ar;Na I+AA'B
r, +A+; TI I+Na I+Fe I2
+AI Br 3 +Ar ;In I+AA' B
+3° Argon is used to increase the overall vapor pressure and can be replaced by other noble gases such as neon, helium, or krypton.
更に下記のごとくある金属の酸化ハロゲン化物(即ち、
オキシ塩化物、オキシ臭化物或いはオキシ沃化物であっ
て、XはCI、B+または■である)が考えられる。即
ちクロム酸化ハロゲン化物(Cr 02 X2)とバナ
ジウム酸化ハロゲン化物(VOX2とvOX3)、モリ
ブデン酸化ハロゲン化物(MO02X2とMo OX、
i ) 、及びタングステン酸化ハロゲン化物(W O
2X 2とWOX4)で、これらは励振されると可視光
を発する封入物に使用できる。Additionally, certain metal oxide halides (i.e.
oxychloride, oxybromide or oxyiodide, where X is CI, B+ or ■). That is, chromium oxide halide (Cr 02 X2), vanadium oxide halide (VOX2 and vOX3), molybdenum oxide halide (MO02
i), and tungsten oxide halide (WO
2X2 and WOX4), these can be used for inclusions that emit visible light when excited.
添付図面は本発明による実施例としての放電管装置の横
断側面図である。
20・・・放電管 22・・・ランチャ−24・・・
封入物 26・・・内管 28・・・外管30・・
・第1の板 31・・・第2の板32.33・・・環
状ギャップ
35・・・同軸ケーブル 36・・・インピーダンス
整合ネットワーク 3・7・・・コンデンサ38・・
・誘導子 40・・・本体The accompanying drawing is a cross-sectional side view of an exemplary discharge tube device according to the present invention. 20...Discharge tube 22...Launcher-24...
Inclusions 26... Inner tube 28... Outer tube 30...
・First plate 31... Second plate 32. 33... Annular gap 35... Coaxial cable 36... Impedance matching network 3.7... Capacitor 38...
・Inductor 40...Body
Claims (8)
を発する方法であって、該放電管が金属ハロゲン化物と
金属オキシハロゲン化物からなる群から選択した少なく
とも1種類の化合物からなる封入物を封入し、該方法が
上記封入物の表面波を励振するのに充分な電力で放電管
の壁の一部に亘って無線周波電界を印加する段階からな
り、それによって封入物が励振されて可視光を発するこ
とを特徴とする放電管から可視光を発する方法。(1) A method for emitting visible light from a discharge tube having a wall made of a light-transmitting dielectric material, the discharge tube comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of metal halides and metal oxyhalides. encapsulating an enclosure, the method comprising the step of applying a radio frequency electric field across a portion of the wall of the discharge vessel with sufficient power to excite surface waves in the enclosure, thereby exciting the enclosure; A method for emitting visible light from a discharge tube, characterized in that the discharge tube emits visible light.
光性誘電材料製の壁を有する放電管からなり、該放電管
が金属ハロゲン化物と金属オキシハロゲン化物からなる
群から選択した少なくとも1種類の化合物からなる封入
物を封入し、上記装置が更に上記封入物の表面波を励振
されるのに充分な電力で上記放電管の壁の一部に亘って
無線周波電界を印加する手段を含み、それによって、使
用時に上記封入物が励振されて可視光を発することを特
徴とする可視光を発する放電管装置。(2) A discharge tube device that emits visible light, the device comprising a discharge tube having a wall made of a light-transmitting dielectric material, the discharge tube being selected from the group consisting of metal halides and metal oxyhalides. enclosing an enclosure comprising at least one compound, and the apparatus further applying a radio frequency electric field across a portion of the wall of the discharge vessel with sufficient power to excite surface waves in the enclosure; A discharge tube device for emitting visible light, characterized in that it comprises means for exciting said enclosure to emit visible light in use.
発生器とランチャーとからなることを特徴とする請求項
第(2)項に記載の装置。(3) The device according to claim 2, wherein the means for applying the radio frequency electric field comprises a radio frequency power generator and a launcher.
ることを特徴とする請求項第(2)項または第(3)項
に記載の装置。(4) The device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the enclosure is made of an aluminum halide.
徴とする請求項第(4)項に記載の装置。(5) The device according to claim (4), characterized in that the fill material consists of aluminum chloride.
とを特徴とする請求項第(2)項乃至第(5)項のいず
れか1項に記載の装置。(6) The device according to any one of claims (2) to (5), characterized in that the fill material is made of a transition metal halide.
とを特徴とする請求項第(2)項乃至第(6)項のいず
れか1項に記載の装置。(7) The device according to any one of claims (2) to (6), characterized in that the enclosure is made of a metal halide complex.
とを特徴とする請求項第(2)項または第(3)項に記
載の装置。(8) The device according to claim (2) or (3), wherein the enclosure is made of a metal oxyhalide.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB8915611.1 | 1989-07-07 | ||
GB898915611A GB8915611D0 (en) | 1989-07-07 | 1989-07-07 | A discharge tube arrangement |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH0367455A true JPH0367455A (en) | 1991-03-22 |
JP2875860B2 JP2875860B2 (en) | 1999-03-31 |
Family
ID=10659694
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2180368A Expired - Lifetime JP2875860B2 (en) | 1989-07-07 | 1990-07-06 | Discharge tube device |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0407160B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2875860B2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69012460T2 (en) |
GB (1) | GB8915611D0 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2001127167A (en) * | 1999-10-28 | 2001-05-11 | Mitsumi Electric Co Ltd | Semiconductor device |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH03152852A (en) * | 1989-11-08 | 1991-06-28 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Discharge lamp of high brightness and electrodeless discharge lamp device |
DE10242049A1 (en) * | 2002-09-11 | 2004-03-25 | Philips Intellectual Property & Standards Gmbh | Low pressure discharge lamp comprises a gas discharge vessel containing a noble gas filling as buffer gas, electrodes and devices for producing and maintaining a low pressure gas discharge, and a zinc halide |
WO2005031795A1 (en) * | 2003-09-30 | 2005-04-07 | Philips Intellectual Property & Standards Gmbh | Low-pressure gas discharge lamp having a means for binding oxygen and water |
US7847484B2 (en) * | 2004-12-20 | 2010-12-07 | General Electric Company | Mercury-free and sodium-free compositions and radiation source incorporating same |
US7825598B2 (en) | 2004-12-20 | 2010-11-02 | General Electric Company | Mercury-free discharge compositions and lamps incorporating Titanium, Zirconium, and Hafnium |
CN101164135A (en) * | 2005-04-20 | 2008-04-16 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | Low-pressure gas discharge lamp comprising halides of indium and sodium |
WO2007132368A2 (en) * | 2006-05-15 | 2007-11-22 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Low-pressure gas discharge lamp having improved efficiency |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3720855A (en) * | 1972-02-28 | 1973-03-13 | Gte Laboratories Inc | Electric discharge lamp |
US4480213A (en) * | 1982-07-26 | 1984-10-30 | Gte Laboratories Incorporated | Compact mercury-free fluorescent lamp |
US4591759A (en) * | 1984-09-10 | 1986-05-27 | General Electric Company | Ingredients for solenoidal metal halide arc lamps |
US4792725A (en) * | 1985-12-10 | 1988-12-20 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Energy | Instantaneous and efficient surface wave excitation of a low pressure gas or gases |
GB8821671D0 (en) * | 1988-09-02 | 1988-10-19 | Emi Plc Thorn | Discharge tube arrangement |
GB8920051D0 (en) * | 1989-09-05 | 1989-10-18 | Emi Plc Thorn | A discharge tube arrangement |
-
1989
- 1989-07-07 GB GB898915611A patent/GB8915611D0/en active Pending
-
1990
- 1990-07-04 EP EP19900307289 patent/EP0407160B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-07-04 DE DE1990612460 patent/DE69012460T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-07-06 JP JP2180368A patent/JP2875860B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2001127167A (en) * | 1999-10-28 | 2001-05-11 | Mitsumi Electric Co Ltd | Semiconductor device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0407160B1 (en) | 1994-09-14 |
EP0407160A3 (en) | 1991-07-31 |
EP0407160A2 (en) | 1991-01-09 |
DE69012460T2 (en) | 1995-05-11 |
JP2875860B2 (en) | 1999-03-31 |
GB8915611D0 (en) | 1989-08-23 |
DE69012460D1 (en) | 1994-10-20 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US4480213A (en) | Compact mercury-free fluorescent lamp | |
EP0207333B1 (en) | Electrodeless high pressure sodium iodide arc lamp | |
US4492898A (en) | Mercury-free discharge lamp | |
KR100356960B1 (en) | High-brightness electrodeless low pressure light source and how to operate it | |
EP0076649A2 (en) | Electrodeless ultraviolet light source | |
EP0422816A2 (en) | A discharge tube arrangement | |
US4647821A (en) | Compact mercury-free fluorescent lamp | |
JPH0787093B2 (en) | High power radiator | |
JPS62140355A (en) | Instantaneous and efficient surface wave exciting system of low pressure gas | |
JPS63141256A (en) | Discharge lamp | |
US4427922A (en) | Electrodeless light source | |
US4636692A (en) | Mercury-free discharge lamp | |
JPH0367455A (en) | Electric discharge tube device | |
US8421358B2 (en) | Lamp | |
EP0843337B1 (en) | Method of producing optical radiation and a discharge lamp for that purpose | |
JP2934511B2 (en) | Corona discharge light source cell and corona discharge light source device | |
US5818167A (en) | Electrodeless high intensity discharge lamp having a phosphorus fill | |
US4745335A (en) | Magnesium vapor discharge lamp | |
JPH0231458B2 (en) | ||
JPH0750151A (en) | Excimer discharge lamp | |
JP2007507843A (en) | Low pressure gas discharge lamp with a filling gas containing gallium | |
JP2008288041A (en) | Microwave-excited discharge lamp apparatus | |
CN112771644A (en) | Low metal halide dosage plasma light source | |
WO2019234454A2 (en) | A plasma light source | |
JPH01243304A (en) | Electrodeless discharge lamp |