JPH035818B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a dome for a negative pressure respirator used mainly for patients with chronic respiratory failure.

[Prior art]

Negative pressure ventilators, which support physiological negative pressure breathing, are useful for respiratory support for patients with chronic respiratory failure due to pulmonary fibrosis, emphysema, sequelae of pulmonary tuberculosis, etc., and neuromuscular diseases.

However, conventional negative pressure ventilators are large and heavy, like iron lungs, and
Even with an armor-shaped dome, because each patient's body shape is different, air may leak through the gap between the dome and the patient's body surface, making it impossible to obtain sufficient negative pressure.
Problems included the fact that it took too long to exhaust the air inside the dome and reach the negative pressure necessary to support breathing. In order to prevent air leakage from the periphery of the dome, methods such as wearing a jacket over the dome, attaching a rubber tube around the dome, or wrapping a wrap around the gap have been devised. None of these methods were satisfactory, as they were not sufficiently effective in preventing leakage, and the expansion and contraction of the jacket and tube required a long time to reach the necessary negative pressure.

[Purpose of the invention]

The present invention is an armored dome type negative pressure ventilator that has conventionally had problems with the dome's airtightness and other structures. The purpose is to provide an armor-shaped dome that can eliminate the

[Structure of the Invention] That is, in the present invention, an air seal portion is formed by attaching a donut-shaped bag made of an airtight material to the peripheral edge of a dome body made of a hard material and having an opening for connecting to a duct. The donut-shaped bag is a dome for a respirator, characterized in that it has a vent for removing air from inside the bag and is filled with particulate matter.

The dome of the present invention has an external shape as shown in Fig. 1, and as shown in Fig. 2, it is attached to the patient's chest like an armor type, and by creating a negative pressure inside the dome. It inflates the chest and assists breathing, and it needs to be of a size and shape that covers at least the anterior chest, and more preferably a shape that covers the abdomen and side chest and abdomen. In addition, it covers the front and both sides of the body, and the back can be worn with bands 5 and 6 made of rubber or leather, as shown in Figure 2, without covering it with a dome, making it convenient for sleeping. It is easy to use and suitable.

The material of the dome body 1 is not particularly limited as long as it is a hard material that does not deform even when negative pressure or positive pressure is applied during use, but light metals such as aluminum alloy, hard vinyl chloride resin, methacrylic resin, etc.
Thermoplastic resins such as polycarbonate resin and polyamide resin, thermosetting plastic laminate molded products such as phenolic resin, epoxy resin, and unsaturated polyester resin, reinforced plastic FRP, and carbon fiber reinforced plastic CFRP have high strength and are relatively light. Preferably the material.

The dome of the present invention needs to maintain a negative pressure inside the dome at least during the inhalation time. It must be shaped to match the contours of the body to prevent air leakage. Therefore, on the peripheral edge of the dome main body 1, an air seal part 3, which is a donut-shaped bag made of an airtight material and has a deaeration port 4 for removing air from the bag, and which is filled with particulate matter, is installed. Install.

This air seal part 3 allows the particulate matter to be released when air exists together with the particulate matter in the bag, as in the method used in a simple fixation device (Japanese Patent Publication No. 44-5501) used mainly in orthopedics. It can move around freely, and it can fill in the gaps just by adjusting it to the patient's body. Air seal part 3
When the shape of the bag fits the patient's body shape, when the air inside the bag is removed using a negative pressure pump through the degassing port 4, the particulate matter becomes tightly packed together with the bag body, and maintains its shape as if it were a single body. It becomes as if there is. Therefore, since there is no gap with the body surface and it does not easily deform even under negative pressure, the interior of the dome can be brought to negative pressure more quickly than in conventional domes.

The airtight material forming the donut-shaped bag of the air seal part 3 is preferably a material that expands and contracts according to the body shape and can fill the gap between it and the body surface, such as vulcanized rubber such as natural rubber or synthetic rubber, Various thermoplastic elastomers such as polystyrene, polyolefin, polyester, polyurethane, and polybutadiene can be used, but there are no particular limitations as long as they are elastic materials. Alternatively, it may have a double membrane structure in which the inner surface is made of a relatively hard and high molecular weight material, and the outer surface is made of a flexible material with good adhesion. By rubbing, it is possible to prevent the plasticizer and the like contained in the particulate matter in the air seal portion 3 from penetrating and deteriorating the airtight material forming the bag body. Furthermore, it is also possible to use a somewhat thicker and more elastic material for the portion that comes into close contact with the body.

The particulate material to be filled in the donut-shaped bag of the air seal section 3 is made of a material such as polystyrene resin, polyethylene resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, polyurethane resin, phenolic resin, etc., and may be a foamed material to reduce the weight. Furthermore, for the same reason, porous ceramics such as pumice and vermiculite, and porous materials such as ferrite and pearlite can also be used. In order to evenly fill the entire donut-shaped bag with these particulate materials, for example, a partition wall with openings that allow air to pass through but not particulate materials should be provided inside the bag, or a long and thin thread-like material should be provided inside the bag. Methods such as passing through and packing are also effective.

It is preferable that the deaeration port 4 of the air seal part 3 has a one-way valve so that the inside of the bag can be kept in a vacuum even if the bag is disconnected from the vacuum pump after being evacuated and degassed.

〔Effect of the invention〕

The dome of the present invention can be fitted to fit the patient's body shape and the unevenness of the body surface, and can be installed so that there is no gap between the body surface and the dome periphery, unlike conventional domes. In addition, it is possible to provide a dome that can be immediately adapted to any patient, rather than a custom-made dome that is made to suit each patient's body shape. In addition, the air seal part does not deform even under the negative pressure of a negative pressure ventilator during use, and the inside of the dome can be quickly reduced to negative pressure, making it extremely useful in the medical industry for providing more effective respiratory support than ever before. It is excellent.

〔Example〕

The dome of the present invention having a shape as shown in FIG.
As shown in Figure 2, both arms of a patient with chronic respiratory failure were passed through band 5 and placed on the front chest, both ends were placed along the lateral chest, and band 6 on the back was tightened to fit the dome to the patient's body. Thereafter, the air inside the bag constituting the air seal portion 3 was removed from the air release port 4 using a negative pressure pump. By doing this, the air seal part 3 prevents the leakage of air that is in close contact with the body, leaving a space in the dome body 2 for the chest to move, and the inside of the dome is completely sealed.

Here, the opening 1 at the top of the dome book 2 is connected to the main body of the negative pressure ventilator, and by repeatedly applying negative pressure-flat pressure or negative pressure-flat pressure-positive pressure, the patient's chest is The patient was able to move the patient's body and provide effective breathing assistance.

If the dome of the present invention is to be used again on the same patient, it is sufficient to maintain the negative pressure inside the bag of the air seal section 3 as it is after removing it from the patient's body. The shape that fits the body will not change, so if you put it on again, it will fit tightly to your body just like it did when you first wore it. In addition, when using it on another patient, the particulate matter filled inside will flow by introducing air into the bag body of the air seal part 3, so by attaching it again in the order described in the example, a new patient will be able to use it. It can be placed in close contact with the patient's body.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the appearance and shape of a dome according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which a is a side view and b is a top view. Moreover, FIG. 2 is a view of the patient wearing the dome of the present invention from the back.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An air seal is formed by attaching a donut-shaped bag made of an airtight material to the periphery of a dome body made of a hard material and having an opening for connecting to a duct, and the donut-shaped bag has an opening inside the bag. A dome for a respirator, characterized in that the dome has a vent for removing air from the ventilator and is filled with particulate material.