JPH03224556A - Exothermic mat - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the mat with which heat is generated only by natural energy by impressing repetitive impact to a piezoelectric material of a high dielectric constant system to assist the accumulation of the slight heat which is obtd. by applying an impact pressure on this material. CONSTITUTION:Caps 5 are mounted to the electrodes of the piezoelectric elements of the high dielectric constant system (piezoelectric elements) 2 formed by using lead zirconate titanate and these elements are embedded in a conductive elastic body 1 to form the exothermic mat. The charges generated concentrically at the electrodes are so generated as to allow the more uniform flow of currents by mounting these caps 5 to widen the contact area with the conductive elastic body 1. The slight heat generated at the time of discharging electricity through the equiv. resistors R1 to Rn of the covered conductive elastic body (elastic body) 1 is increased by the repetitive impact pressure generated necessarily in the other desired motion of a man; in addition, the heat is accumulated by such pressure coupled with the heat insulating effect possessed by the conductive elastic body. The heat is generated by the natural energy alone in this way.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a heating mat using a high dielectric constant piezoelectric element.

[Summary of the invention]

High permittivity type piezoelectric element (hereinafter referred to as piezoelectric element) A conductive elastic body (hereinafter referred to as elastic body) covered with a large amount of charged particles generated when applying impact pressure is closely attached to the piezoelectric element.
The small amount of heat generated when discharging through the equivalent resistance of the material is generated by the repeated impact pressure that is inevitably generated during human activities for other purposes, and this is combined with the heat retention effect of the conductive elastic material. It is designed to accumulate heat.

[Conventional technology]

Conventional heat-retaining mats are electrically heated and utilize the Joule heat generated by placing a resistor inside the mat and passing an electric current through it. Disposable heating elements are also becoming popular.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

The so-called electric heating method used in the prior art was limited to use near a power outlet, so it could not be used while walking or moving. In addition, heat sources based on chemical reactions (for example, warm body warmers) have been cited as a disadvantage in that they cannot be regenerated after being used only once.

[Means for solving problems]

A small amount of heat obtained by applying impact pressure to a piezoelectric element made of a piezoelectric material with a high dielectric constant, such as lead zirconate titanate, is repeatedly applied, which promotes heat accumulation and gradually lowers the temperature. This method takes advantage of the fact that the amount of heat increases and becomes constant when it reaches equilibrium with heat dissipation to the outside.

Furthermore, this repetitive motion is a means by which humans focus on the energy generated in the process of daily motion and actively utilize this energy.

〔Example 〕

Fig. 1 shows the operating principle of the present invention. Fig. 1 (a) shows a piezoelectric element (lead siliconate titanate) 2 placed inside an electrically conductive elastic body (conductive rubber) 1, and each electrode of the piezoelectric element It was sealed so that it was tightly sealed.

Figure (b) is a sectional view of the heating mat.

Now, the electrical equivalent circuit when impact pressure 3 is applied to the piezoelectric element 2 is shown in FIG. 2, R1-Rn in FIG.
is the electrical equivalent resistance of the conductive elastic body 1 viewed from both electrodes of the piezoelectric element 2, and the power source E increases the resistance of the piezoelectric element 2 due to the impulse pressure 3.
This is the voltage generated by a large amount of charged particles generated at both electrodes. R in the figure (b) is the equivalent resistance of R1 to Rn viewed from both electrode terminals. The power consumption that occurs when these charged particles are discharged through an external resistor is as follows: If the current flowing through the equivalent resistance R of the resistor is 11, and the instantaneous voltage of the piezoelectric element 2 is E, then I=E/R P=I' It becomes R.

Figure 3 shows that a cap 5 is attached to the electrode of the piezoelectric element 2 and embedded in the electroconductive elastic body 1, and by attaching the cap 5, the electric charge generated intensively at the electrode is absorbed by the contact area with the electroconductive elastic body l. This makes the current flow more evenly. The same figure (a) shows the cap 5.
FIG. 3B shows a heating mat using the capped piezoelectric element 2 shown in FIG. 2A, and FIG.

FIG. 4 shows a piezoelectric element 2 sandwiched between a metal plate (aluminum foil) 6 in place of the cap 5 shown in FIG. 3, as shown in FIG. 4(a). .

Figure (b) is a sectional view thereof. The cap 5 and the metal plate 6 may be provided only on the top or bottom depending on the usage requirements and manufacturing conditions of this mat, and the piezoelectric element 2
It is determined from the mechanical-electrical conversion coefficient and shape of , the resistivity and shape of the conductive elastic body 1, etc.

The heating mat shown in FIG. 5 has the upper part of the conductive elastic body 1 of the heating mat shown in FIGS. 1, 3, and 4 removed, and
The top surface of the piezoelectric element 2 is exposed. For example, if you step on a health mat that stimulates the soles of your feet, you can turn it into a heat-generating mat.It can provide heat and electrical pulse-like stimulation to the soles of your feet. The electromechanical conversion coefficient of the element is assumed to be small.

Figures 6(a), (b), and (c) show an example of a health mat with a higher temperature than the health mat shown in Figure 5.In order to raise the temperature using the method shown in Figure 5, mechanical and electrical It is necessary to use a piezoelectric element 2 with a large conversion coefficient, and there is a limit in the electrode exposed type.

The example shown in Figure 'P6 is an example in which an insulating sheet is placed over the exposed electrode to soften the electrical stimulation. It is clear, for the reasons already mentioned, that by replacing the insulating sheet with sheets having different electrical conductivities, various combinations of electrical stimulation and temperature can be easily achieved.

FIG. 7 shows a heating mat that has been heated to a higher temperature.

This is an example in which a conductive sheet is sandwiched between the exposed electrode of the example shown in FIG. 6 and the insulating sheet in accordance with the desired temperature.

FIG. 8 shows an example of a heating mat that combines piezoelectric elements 2 of different heights, and is suitable for obtaining electric and thermal stimulation of the soles of the feet.

FIG. 9 is an example of cold weather shoes in which a heat generating mat is placed on the shoes.

FIG. 10 shows an example of a foot-operated heating mat in which a piezoelectric element 2 is inserted into a protrusion of a protruding conductive elastic body 1.

Figure 11 shows a conductive rubber tire 1 in which a piezoelectric element 2 is embedded.
It is 1. It is suitable for preventing a drop in tire temperature on roads covered with snow during the winter. Furthermore, since the tires are electrically conductive, static electricity, which tends to occur especially during winter, is eliminated.

FIG. 12 shows a heat generating mat mainly made for shoes, and is an example of a heat generating mat that prevents shoe blisters and has ventilation holes provided through both sides of the heat generating mat.

FIG. 13 shows an example of a heat-generating mat sprinkled with an aromatic agent, which is also used for shoes, to make the smell in the shoes more pleasant.

FIG. 14 is an example of applying a heat generating mat to long shoes (boots). A heat-generating mat 10 is placed on the bottom of the shoe, and an aluminum foil 15 that is in close contact with the surface of the heat-generating mat 10 is raised up to the top of the shoe, and the aluminum foil is sandwiched between two layers of leather (or rubber) inside and outside to protect against cold weather. It is a useful axis. The heat generated by the heat-generating mat placed on the sole of the shoe is gradually conducted to the top through the closely-attached aluminum foil. It can be said that the present invention brings out the true value of aluminum foil in terms of heat conduction, cost, and lightness.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, since the heat generating mat of the present invention uses a piezoelectric element as a heat generating source, it generates heat using only the so-called natural energy consumed in daily human movements. In terms of cost, for example, lead zirconate titanate used in piezoelectric elements is low cost, as is well known from the example of 100 yen lighters, and the present invention has been applied to a zero-foot-operated health mat suitable as a portable heater in winter. By applying this, in addition to electrical stimulation, it has the effect of warming the feet from the bottom. Furthermore, car tires, heaters, and their applications will expand dramatically.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 shows a basic embodiment of the heat generating mat of the present invention, Fig.
M is an electrical equivalent circuit diagram showing the principle of heat generation of the heating mat, Figure 1113 is an explanatory diagram of the cap attached to uniformly discharge the electric charge concentrated on the electrode of the piezoelectric element to the conductive rubber, Figure 4 is an explanatory diagram using aluminum foil instead of a cap, Fig. 5 is an explanatory diagram for exposing a part of the electrode to obtain electrical stimulation, and Figs. 6 and 7 are illustrations of the structure of Fig. Figure 8 is a diagram showing an example of using piezoelectric elements of different heights, Figure 9 is a diagram showing an example of applying a heat generating mat to shoes, 1st
Figure 0 is an explanatory diagram of a piezoelectric element applied to a protruding foot mat, Figure @11 is an explanatory diagram of the invention applied to a tire, Figure 12 is an explanatory diagram of a heat generating mat with ventilation holes, and Figure 13 is an explanatory diagram of an aromatic mat. Fig. 14 is an explanatory diagram of a heat generating mat coated with a heat-generating agent, Fig. 14 is an explanatory diagram of a heat generating mat with filamentous aluminum wire inserted for the purpose of promoting heat diffusion, and Fig. 15 is an explanatory diagram of heating boots using a heat generating mat. In the figure, 1 is a conductive elastic body, 2 is a piezoelectric element, 3 is an impact pressure, 4 is a piezoelectric element with a cap, 5 is its cap, 6 is a metal plate (aluminum foil), 7 is an insulating sheet, and 8 is a conductive material. Sheet, 10 is a heat generating mat for shoes, 11 is a tire, 12 is a ventilation hole, 13 is an air freshener, 14 is a metal piece (aluminum thread), 15
indicates aluminum foil, 16 indicates boots. (b) Fig. 1 Heating mat (a) (b) 22 23 Fig. 2 Electrical equivalent circuit of a heating mat Fig. 3 Piezoelectric element with a metal cap Fig. 4 Heating mat with piezoelectric cord sandwiched between metal plates Figure 5 Heat generating mat with exposed electrodes of the piezoelectric element Figure 6 Heat generating mat with exposed electrodes of the piezoelectric element covered with an insulating sheet Figure 7 Heat generating mat with a conductive sheet sandwiched between the metal plate and the insulating sheet (a) Figure 8 Figure 1: Heat-generating mat with piezoelectric elements of different sizes arranged. Figure 14: Heat-generating mat sprinkled with air freshener Figure 14: Heat-generating mat mixed with fine metal pieces Figure 15: Cold-protection shoe procedure amendment form No increase in the number of claims Claims subject to amendment 7゜ Contents of amendment As shown in the appendix Claims (1) A piezoelectric element characterized in that its entire surface, including both electrodes, is covered with a conductive elastic material. A heating mat. (2) A heat generating mat characterized in that at least one of the electrodes of the piezoelectric element is exposed and the area other than the exposed part is covered with a conductive elastic material. (3) The heating mat described in the patent item and item (2), characterized in that a metal cap is attached to at least one electrode. (4) A heating mat according to claims (1), (2), and (3), characterized in that a plurality of piezoelectric elements are contained in one mat. (5) The heating mat according to claim (4), characterized in that or is in contact with and covers at least one electrode of a plurality of piezoelectric elements. (6) A heat generating mat as set forth in claims (4) and (5), characterized in that the lats and ridges of the pine are covered with a conductive sheet. (7) A heat generating mat according to claim (6), characterized in that an electrical insulating material is layered and covered on the conductive sheet. (8) A heat generating mat according to claims (4) to (7), characterized in that piezoelectric elements of different lengths are used. (9) A heat generating mat according to claims (4) to L, characterized in that the conductive elastic body is provided with ventilation holes. (10) The heat-generating mat according to claim 4 or 1, characterized in that an aromatic agent is added to at least one of the conductive elastic body and the conductive sheet. . (11) A heat generating mat according to claim 4 or claim 1, characterized in that a thread-like metal is mixed into the conductive elastic body. (12) A tire for snowy roads, characterized in that piezoelectric elements are embedded in the conductive rubber part of the tire in a radial arrangement with respect to the central axis of the tire. (13) Said claims (4) to (11)
Cold-weather shoes characterized by being covered with a heat-generating mat as described in 2. (14) In the cold-weather shoes according to claim (13), the shin part (meaning the part below the knee) m- of the long shoe-type cold-weather shoes has a sandwich structure. Cold weather shoes characterized by having a heat-generating mat at the bottom of the shoe sole. (15) In a health mat consisting of a plurality of elastic protrusions,
A health mat having a structure in which at least the elastic protrusions are conductive and at least one of the structures set forth in claims (4) to (11) is used in the protrusions.

Claims (15)

[Claims] (1) A heating mat characterized by covering the entire surface of a piezoelectric element, including both electrodes, with a conductive elastic material. (2) A heat generating mat characterized in that at least one of the electrodes of a piezoelectric element is exposed and the area other than the exposed part is covered with a conductive elastic material. (3) The heating mat according to claims (1) and (2), characterized in that a metal cap is attached to at least one electrode. (4) A heating mat according to claims (1), (2), and (3), characterized in that a plurality of piezoelectric elements are contained in one mat. (5) The heating mat according to claim (4), characterized in that each of at least one electrode of a plurality of piezoelectric elements is covered with a metal foil in contact with each other. (6) A heating mat according to claims (4) and (5), characterized in that at least one surface of each mat is covered with a conductive sheet. (7) The heating mat according to claim (6), characterized in that the electrically insulating material is layered and covered on the conductive sheet. (8) A heat generating mat according to claims (4) to (7), characterized in that piezoelectric elements of different lengths are used. (9) A heat generating mat according to claims (4) to (7), characterized in that the conductive elastic body is provided with ventilation holes. (10) A heating mat according to claims (4) to (7), characterized in that an aromatic agent is added to at least one of the conductive elastic body and the conductive sheet. (11) A heating mat according to claims (4) to (7), characterized in that a thread-like metal is mixed into the conductive elastic body. (12) A tire for snowy roads, characterized in that piezoelectric elements are embedded in the conductive rubber part of the tire in a radial arrangement with respect to the central axis of the tire. (13) Said claims (4) to (11)
Cold-weather shoes characterized by being covered with a heat-generating mat as described in 2. (14) In the cold-weather shoes according to claim (13), the shin portion (the part below the knee) of the long-shoe type cold-weather shoes is sandwiched with aluminum foil, and the aluminum foil is used as a shoe sole. Cold weather shoes characterized by having the bottom of the leather in close contact with a heat generating mat. (15) In a health mat consisting of a plurality of elastic protrusions,
A health mat having a structure in which at least the elastic protrusions are conductive and at least one of the structures set forth in claims (4) to (11) is used in the protrusions.